Box 6, Folder 9, Document 10

. ” : Rough Drait





OPERATION INTERCEPT -- A PROGRAM MEMORANDUM

.

is called CPERATION INTERCEPT and will have a number of steps, starting
with initiation of a new shuttle bus service on December 1, 1969, which
will lead in successive steps to the eventual development of a complete

transportation system for the center city as part of the region's basic

transportation system.

This precess has been developed In response to concern of the Secretar: of
ee rey 4s qth ayant Se ae U 1. Mauee “rayne wey te AAMT et a atan Cay natdian
fransportacion ana the Uroan Mass transportation Administrator ror action
: :
to help solve problems brought on by the growth and expansion of center ,
city. This memorandum is the beginning of a program which we hope will
combine the energy and résources of Atlanta and the Urban Mass Transit Ac- 7
minissration to achieve a series of specific action goals over time.
’ : = a
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CENTER CITY GROWTE: ATLANTA, THE CENTER OF THE SOUTHEAST cP) 4?

Since 1960, Atianta's Cénter City has grown beyond ail predictions. _ Pige eS =

-

million Square feet of office




ected to continue, with Bor plenners and developers

rban expansion -- perhaps at a rate leading all other

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Be
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citias of comparable size. Planners anticipate that employment in the
central city will double within the next two decades, and with redevelop-

ment space contiguous to the alreacy highly developed core, builders are
Ere ae 2 TIONS



actively keeping pace with their

the na for accelerated development and economic growth.
os . Se 9 3
The city has become the gateway to this region: of vast potential, and re-

teins a posi tion unparalleled, in fact unchallenged, by other areas of Baer S “re
<i ns Oe .F

urbanization, More than four-fifths of the nation's 500 largest corpora-



tions have established bases in Atlanta for operations im the Southeast,

and are expected to increase ‘their demands for space as the ragion develops.

=

s in the past, location within the region has a positive effect on growth.

=

he city is nearly mid-center in the Southeast Region, and with the e&

ae

¢

tion or water, enjoys excellent service by all forms of transportation.

a8 a center for thé dis



tribution of ser vices ang

rocucts, Atlanta serves
the region. Unless unforeseeable events occur, its location will become

increasingly significant in location decisions for both business and govern-

“ment growth programs.








growth catalyst is the relationship of joeal bus

SaiUess

tt

nifican

>
ri
°o
Yn
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ee

7. > ae re te
ana government and how they work toget her in directing continved center
city cevehopment. In abstraction this is often stated as the “business spi-
Aa

rit of Atlanta" based on gsz optimism stemming from a proud and snectécular

gr@ivth record -- a sense of certainty that Atlanta holds a key to the future

‘of the Southeast. In reality this meens a strong and articulate business
+ 2. + re ao) ‘ Zs r a
community Working with -gvernment to provide direction and coordination for
anticipated levels of growth. Nowhere is the bus =ness-sovernm ment reletion-
g el r

=
Sndpore evident or v ieble then in the center city, for all acknowledge



that if this area is to absorb a doubling in size of the alr eady highl



given.



and work for its continuation with an avowed distaste for a vastly decen-
tralized city. The "Regional Development Plan” (1962) calls for a stroag.

central area, with the City of Atlanta's "1983 Land Use Plan" specifically

citing the central area as ". . . so complex it requires a well conceived,

well developed, and well executed plan of its own." Special transportation

a a

studies heve also acknowledged the center city as unicue and requi ying:

~-ecific detailed analysis of its own. To fulfill these special needs: for
center city plepning, an elaborate study design (the central area study) we

has been ceveloped as a joint city-business community attempt to chart the

course end needs of center city SFoweG,

PROBLEM OF CONGESTION AND ACCESS ils

Center city growth has not, of course, evolved withsut ereating problens.

% : , ‘ : ay rs
evelooment has taken place upon a little changed and

With few exceptions

d











es




gow anti Equa tod eo cist ork After an initial setback on a rapid trana-
revising a plaa wnicn should win en-
Mayor Allen perhap s best sums uD eee
his statement tha "We cannot accommodate any more 7

ing street patterns. And there is not enough money

street patterns in Atlanta."
AS. AAA vrL Roh Bes DLAs

i-

included coordinated interix steps for re center

Such steps ére critically needed, and this program, elong

just that purpose. -

congestion’ and access are not just anticipated; there are

WAS <on VETER
severe problems now. <A good exanple 2. evcee=ed in the Atlanta Journal-

Conse tut idy ‘ollowing the mid-day tyxai
“Downtown Atlanta trafiie ground to a halt
sday, choking inter sections and clogging main arteries in -ad out of

. many public transit i were wrecked as some buses

as long as an hour in motionless lines of simmering cars

Freeway BeeeIALEy:, then, and improved outer area a4 rial streets have
e of the
tation to the. central city. Center city
been growing to accommodate the demand, yet street pat

often unéple to pass the high volumes of both vehicles
vefhacler =
EK

Over-cepacity is #7 a fact end measurable in hours per

pected growth in the center city with no impr
ah

asieday-over=tapaczty could be a Feebiey:

continued all-day Cong CS Ate “2

ovement in


OF specizul concern are ces ; Ene C ity residential

borhoods, paxrticulariy those in model city and NDP project areas.

ublic tra ailable, most resicents are considered captive riders

demands on center city Parson tation a technical
is now pending (EOA-MARTA) for study of neighborhood

ccess problems not only within the center city but to suburban employment

centers as well. It is anticipated that this program of interim steps

instrumental in resolving these problems.

se relieve problems of center city

status is years away. Until-then, congestion

prusd aur Le

interim programs for improvement ai overshacow ed



As previously stated, Atlanta is currently sri o severe center city

access and congestion problems. The rapid gra s yet to be

o

‘approved by the voters, and is at least eight to ten years away from an

operational status. Planning has been strongly oriented’ towards the long

Arrenus, Cprex ihn

ranze rapid transit program, and with meeting everyday oe

Via frhns Ji suan. Xp : a ees ;
Sumo Dec seebe-teetetevsisz--constdes a large scaié interim prog

of relieving center’ city congestion problems,

answer to this need for an interim prozgran has been found through the
CcT?. Uncooréinated and unarticulaeted ideas and concepts for
‘solutions found in various planning and

°

rect help ar nepiration the center cities consottium beea devel ped
@PerATioNn J PEECEPT™





into pregrammatic form, the total concept being called


The proyrmed simply involve} taking a series of interim steps towards improving

center city access and alleviating congestion problems. The f

a irst sten
‘ Oy “7 ss
employs existing transit technology, local equipment, and local‘financing,

echnology and hardware as a permanent cen-

ter city distzrioution system complementing the proposed primary rapid tran-
ate steps employ-improvements on technology, hardware,

l-federal financial sup-

VERA INTeeCerT

ior € 7 eS

application, with various Anger : cal

A key element, i isiz success

4 «

will be the de

OPELATION \NTF new
Goehecior fiercest is divided into

upon the success of the one(s) before.

systen in cach step, large quantities of information will be

‘ a

ext. Thus, continuous feedback will shape and direct

.

ristics from initial steps.

ae

ep is divided into two phases. The first, a 100% local effort,

Ss sponsored by both @ity and business co ommunity. This ovhase will -

service by December 1 operation routed through

th ent 2 ii i F North and South parking facili-

. a
ties located just outside the center city. The service results from a

4 ve

joint effort between the City of RENE Atlanta Transit Company, and the

business community to provide immediate relier for center city congestion.

fhe service :imed primarily at the ctiver commuter, with hopes of inter-

at the periphery pa n the exoress-

and bussing him to center The shuttle service

ky






is not without precedent. Currently, two shuttle services are in operacion

>

nd have proved most successful -- one, a special application, is nearly

an identical service concept as this first phase of Step'I. The service

a

is being operated between Georgia State University, a downtown school with

very limited parking facilities, and the same south parking facility as

proposed in this first phase of Step I. The cther shuttie operation is the

"Shoppers Special" routed within the center city, serving maior r

fw
ct
»
b
he

outlets.

enade, oe








Biles - ees af . . Te : aqe7 meet sy ; ; ; ae
Pasi tvo of Step 1 wlll hopefully begin in early spring with }! i ;



OF

petion in the form of a Damo. Grant. At vhis tise service improve-.

-

mencs will be made in whatever fora the monitoring co

Aterstcard 2.

ests, This may include increcsed heacway, revised fare echeduies,

altered or additional routes, and the use of more parking facilities.

Step Li of Operation Intercept will be besed on the monitoring implica-

tions cf Stép I, and is expected to require considerable capital investimant,

nis step that new technology will be employed and a large

expansion of services put into effect. Tne new technology will more than



Several ayvlications for federal essistanc



but

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tecnnical study grants as well.

Step II can also see the initiation of specific access“link<-ups to- ae

the Model Cities and NDP project areas, if their studies find it desireble. - =a
Alveady in operation is a Model Cities shuttle bus program, which Ne
e puke

Can even in Step I become a part of the Gperation interce zt process,

The monitoring program as develosed by the CCT team will in Step I. be

1

where it will not only be

Step TIL wi.lk become a part of the lowger range transit plenning and

=








developuent program. This does not mean however a loss of center city

orientation. In fact, the ultimate goal is to see into eperaticen a
permanent secondary distribucion system2 within the center city in ot
fuil compliement of the regional rapid transit ees and embodying
those successful service application$of Steps I and Il. The Step il
monitoring operation will be oriented towards this Step ITI system con- F
cept, anc the Step Til planning time frame compatible with the longs range
primary system program such that complimentary, pe etens can be insured,
j
4
7 “Sas 1








RUAN LEAT ON . f

Operation Intercept will involve a number of the Atlante axencics in

f
t
ior

Gifferent facets.

1. Basic Policv Meking and Coordination
Operation Intercept has been considered as part of the basic transportation
program of the Atlante area. It is “being discussed and reviewed by the policy

q

: = . 7 * . :
making and coordinating orgenizations¥in- Atlanta, including the Policy Cosmittee

-

a fra

Transportation Study,

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and the Planning and Develovment Committee of the City of Atlanta's Board of
Aldermen, ana the Board of Directors of Central Atlanta Progress. The technical

plannins work will be coordinated with the regional pelnnins operations of the
= = ? o = o =

Atlanta Recion Metropolitan Planning Commission. .
o « o
2, Lone Renge Planning -— The Centre. Area Study, an operation jointly sponsored



primary responsibility, under this overall volicty framework, [or the specific
‘

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cansportetion facilities and sexvices as they

ere * * = “TRE
arfect center city. Operation Interceat will be tied into 2% going planning

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3. Monitoring - During Steo $ of Oparetion Intercept, fie CCT Team will be

responsible for the technical work reauired to monitor operation under “tie directis:

- of a Working Committee consisting of the City of Azlanta | MARTA, Car.cral Atlenta Pro-

gress, and the Atlanta Transit Comseny. In subsequent SEepe; this technicel work |

Will de eosorbed by-local agencies, mostg yg: I likely 4 the Central Aree Study

.







4. Federal Applications - Initially the City of Atlanta will be the applicant
for federal applications coming cirectly out of .Operction Intercept.

%








tre

pe ions The Atlanta Transit System will operate the service in

The operation of subsequent services

tep of Operation Intercept.

2 responsibilities assigned to verious of the operating

Will depend on th
asencies coming out of the basic trénsportation planning process.
é
. ‘
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OPERATION & TIMETABLE

~
Ls

generacea

am and various

Or ct

c
i

, OTHERS
Aclanta Progress, the City Planning Dénartment, and ten

to develop ideas on quick action projects to hely solve some of

&

immediate transportation »roblems.

.

B. When Phase II of the CCTP was ennounced by Secretary Volpe in

September 1659, Atlanta was ready to make a specific proposal for aa ixme-
action program to provide an all-dz hut bus service connecting
peripheral parking facilities at Atlanta Stadium and the Civic Cen-

the expressway connector and downtown arteriais before
he most congested areas. The CCT Cora oan met in Atleata
were presented with the project concept, made

speccions of the proposed route, and generally endorsed the preyect as. 2

suitable experiment for Phase II of the Cct?T?P.
Atlanta Sransit Company, the City of At-—
Department), Central Atlanta Progress, and the CCT? began

omplete program for this operation. This included:

i Pres aration of an operational plan by ATS for a

aii-day snuttle service, operating at 10-minute headways from

a

lots through the heart ef the downtown area, including plan


eiesraies by th

facilities.

3. The downtown business community, through their orgenization
rogress, have agreed to support the project fin
between the time service will start on December

le to support the project through

this OPERATION INTERCEPT memorandun by
group which 3 ned to obtain UMTA support aad

ram.

D. The meeting wi dminis real on Noveaber

is-expected to be the 2a Phe Anica hask [ the oderecion.

“are now ready to roll.

TD. DSREDTATE ACTION
oe

A. On December 1, Atlanta Transit ¥ ezin the new shuttle bus

.

througa central city irom the Stadium and Civic Center parking i: A

be charged for this service. Included in this wiil

yt

be the cost of all-day parking and round trip bus fare. nose passengers

who use the bus service wiktout parking will be arged 15¢ per ride.


Funds .te provide for the difference belween operating corns and revenues

during the initial months’ of the service will be provided by the local

business community who, in addition, will pick up the costs of promotion.

Parking will be provided by che city. Buses.and operations will be pro-
vided by Atlanta Transit. ‘The costs of publicity are expected to run about |

\2

net costs of operation, are expected to be about $24,000 per

™

De

service. is program will inciude:

lL. Studies cf the operations of the service, including O-D

counts, speed and delay analysis, counts on th

the economics of the operation including -costa>

fares, ability to pay, break-even coscs

4, Studies of other areas and routings wt similar shuttle

S

service could be appli i AL 2 : ge parking sites,

route lLocaticns,

»

5. Analysis of the oppowvunities for new téchnoloegical innova-

subsequent stages of the proj

a

ect, including new vehiclas, separate




-rights of way, people movers, station aad platform handling, joiat
development, ete,

Assist -tlanta in preparing applications for federal

“

grants for subsedgue: é STERCEPT.

For this monitoring operation, the CCT Atlanta team has requested a bud-

get of $75,000 from the funds aveileble to the CCT Project for city sro2

-

C. Along with this moni ing effort, Atlanta are to have the
Central Area 3 anning pr am z ion during December.
Lor

tion for $300,600 ($2

comm@aity through Centra
h is expected, along with
planning fremewerk

RATION INTERCEPT. The CCT team expects to work along with the CA

r

gram to help formulate the basic planning framework for tran nsportati

provements in Central Atlanta ane to develop syst tems to obtain bas

conditions afiec its 5) nt and future development.

=

a tota f $87,000 fron the CcTP budget for

D. <Assum rene UMTA for OPERAT a INTERC=22,

the working group in Atle ee 2Dal i Eor

+ Pe eee : soit a: Bg
~O Sarry eis : 3 muLeEteadt

the concinuaetion , tey T and the development of Steps

S to be of two kinds initiell






5 A capital grent application to provide for the surchase of
11 new buses that can be a Ee expand the shuttle service in the letter
i ‘stages of Step i £6 supplement or replace the existing eeuipnent thac wiil
be put into operation immediately. We now estimate che cost of the buses |

and other equipment to be approximately raRD 000.

4

: 2. A demonstration grant application to provide the funés re- : 2



Me ; quireeé to test out new and improved s.uttle service to allow for experi-
Maest o 4 mentation with fares and charges to provide additional inducements for

pi-xvons to permit promotion for expanded services, to provide whatever re-

; imbursement is required to the Atlanta Transit Company for unrecovered
costs of operating the service, and to begin the process of designing new

; equipment, Vehicles, stations, rights of way that will be needed for Step II

of the operation. We expect that this initial cGemonstration will cost ep-

"proximately $280,000.

It is possible that cther BppELedt tos16 may be forthcoming from this process.

in any case, we would like to request thet UMLSA allow our working team to

keep in very close touch with various of the UMTA steff, to seek their ad-

vice and guidance on the proper and most suitable way to develop applicae- : :
. mm »
tions. We also anticipate that UMfA itself may want to use the first phase

1

wo

OPERATION INTERCEPT to try out some new types of vehicle

16?)
tt

fs
ct
fo
a
tv
no
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!

'

1ilable and suitable cor this service. We feel th=t close vorking

oo:

rently ave

“35

relations with UMTA staff wilt be essential during this process.

E. During this seme period we expect that MARTA will begin the tech=
micel work réquired to detail the regional rapid transit. systen plan, in-

luding the portioa of the system within or efiectin g Central Atlanta. ,








UM?

grant

a

now has. under, consideration an application for a technical studies

or $ for this purpose. oe as with the CAS planning pro-
the MARTA vrogram will be developed under the aegis and ort of
egional transportation planning body in Atlanta, tha Atlanta Area

and will

7:



Transportation Study, veliant on and supported by the Atlanta
Metropoliten Regional Planning Commission, which will insure coordination
of key inputs to both processes. The CCT team will ae these ean
2S Yequestea, to develop and systematize various elements of these work
programs and outputs.

EET, FRE LATTER STAGES OF STEP I ‘

A. By the first of March 1970 we would hepe to have the cemonstra—
tion grant avplication approved which will allow for continuation and im-
provement of the service. As soon as possible’we would hope to nave the
capital grant application epproved in order to permit the earliest possi-
ble delivery of new buses,

B. The CCT team will continue its monitoring perations ° this ine
proved and expanded service. Pstieor to che end of tis contractual obliga-
tions in June 1870 it will prepa a report evaluating t 2 results of
Step ET of OPERATIONS INTERCEPT for Atlanta z..d UMTA. This report will
contain recommendations for Step II and III bf the PERATION, and if fea-
sible wilt provide a basis for supplementary or additional applications
to UNTA for demonstrations and capital grants. These might cover:




Specificetion and.tests for new vehicles which may be more
adaptable to the needs of this particular service than convention:l buses.
Z. Development of exclusive rights of way in central city along
‘with specially designed station stops end other facilities.

service to parki “RS facilities in other “locations

to expressways or major arterials.

Relation of this service to central city residential nei

cities neighborhoods.

At this point in the operetion, we shovid be able
modest level of car ! investment in parking facilities
system to handle the near-term
expected as a result of continued

center city development. 4k 2 able to determin

or this service can become : na the transportation system for

cgowntown. The CCT team w up procedures to transfer its moni-

tions to local organizetions before it is ter

2 result of) Ents effort, we expect to have additione> appolica-

Step ID of OPERATION INTERCEPT whict. is anticipated to last

years. While it is too carly to estimate costs for these, their

might be as follows:

Technical Studies $100,000
Demonstrations $600,008 - $1,500,000

$2-4 million


OF OPERATION TNTERCEY TY

Step IE would begin with the acceptance by UNTA of these sunpple-

ional grant requests. 's would start the process of

invest—
may be the.development of new vehi-
this service -- with lower plat orms, more
then conventional buses.

articulate

nLtor

This could be™

king with

TA will be firming up the
transit system.
anving process will be ce ping the specifics of t

systen reauired to suppleme Ei regional systen.

‘the basis for a spécific long term plan an

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which will include the basic suhway-busway evsten.
people mover systems to cistribute travelers within the downtown area to

and from rapid transit stations, major peripheral parking facilities, and

xey downtown centers; and pedestrian, goods, vchicclar movenent, and of f-
street parking facilities. This system plan will also include a specific

‘time phase action program for implementation and specific plans for organi-

ational respensibility. -

*

n about two-three years in requests to

4

D. This planning wiil result

UMPA for the implementation of various petits of Atlanta's basic plan. This

Le Geehnical. study grents ts

3. Demonstration grants for testing
facilities required as part of the besic plan.
This package of improvements for a center city system (exclusive of the
subway and busway system) will ears cost in the neiszhdorhood of $40

million (which should be checked with MARTA).

Vi PES! 27t OF OPERATION INTERCEPT



Dering Phase TLL, OPERATION INTERCE? 7ill me: . into the development pro-
, : Py ; A z
gram for ioplencieing the basic plan. We expect the plan to be inplemented




that there will be a continucus

asing in new e.cments to the basic downtowa distributics

ae out others, including seivices established carliczy in
“OPERATION INTSRCE i: ‘on; necdad Based on the plan, we
city circulation will be cevelosed
Sole moving belts or corveyers to

of the shuttle bus of Phase I and the

Phase ITI.

OPERATION INTER

ice ak

success, agencies have
this operation, Service will

on,: we would

@ high level of’coozdination 3 Ln : mp the subsequent

steps in the process.


Nov 1969

L
uty

ATS starts shuttle

‘bus service using

OPER:

UMTA

AA
oa

General
ment of
UM?!

vs
@u

‘TION INTE

tx
INTERC EPT

RCEPT --

WORK FLOWS

Program mo:
OPERATION
endorse- .
approach
eetings

-- in November

currentiy available ”

eduipnent

City nm

tion co

nev buses (including *_

sone Xp

vehicies) <>

*

City (or MARTA?)

makes ap
to UTA
stration
test out
ware an

a
ray

akes apziica-

CCT Team st
monitoring
tions (see
program)
projects

arts
opera—

fat poe
3
w

@ a7
coer Ord

yo
rio
fo 6
ul

9 Ol

UHTA to buy

OQ rm
i] oy

fo

a
“
Ne Te

erinental COMEA 7

wn
ct

CCS teams continues

monitering and helos

prepare L@ prograns

for Ph see
MARTA
of

systen
Study)
plication a
Tor a denon-—
program to
rew hard-
routings and

exp

i)

hte

ot. act
est ctor fn
ct

fh

mg

bt

yt) Es ty

as

Js

mm: (fe

ct

at

na

a. 99

ot
rao}

service cCT ENDS
vr
agencies
with moni-
ctivities
planning



i

=
MARTA) makes
eapi>
for con-
Central


a

x ;

Fits tvowld EC

OPERATION INTERCEPT Celie, Sheen, th
a bop Ch7eF

Program Memo outlines whole strategy for iN 7, 1946S
PERATZON INTERCEPT ;

UMTA endorses basic program : : 10-26, 1965

ATS starts shuttle bus service with currently
aveilabdle equipment

1, 1969

CCT team starts monitorine opera

le

projects in work program)

rocess of developing
Central Atlanca wo
ES UNTA TECENICAL

City makes application for casital
stvacion for Phase I to UNTA to buy ne
including experimental vehicles, if
desires)
MAGES cins i round of dstai

to pian and decic

system (ASSUMES
Jan-Mar

CCT team continues mor ring and helps prepare
besic program for Phas Y 5: OPBRATION

Voorn eo or
INTERCEP a

to UMTA for.
IL of INTER-
new hardware

ce

Pho kh @

or MARTA) expands shuttle service upon re-
of demonstration grant, begins operations

continue monitoring
tion project

CAS-—MARTA complete work on basic plan, including
systen fer Central ..lanta with line haul end

-o

éistribution features (subway, people movers,

SFL


goods movement systens,
TINE PHASE PROGRAM (ap-

ations begin on construction a

and operation of
system, inclucing ie movers, etc.