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Bedeviled by long, hazardous hours, low pay, public abuse and unrealistic court decisions, policemen across the country are at an all-tim e low in morale. Is it any wonder that police departments are so dangerously undermanned that crime is flourishing? Our Alarming Police Shortage BY \ i\l JLLI AM SCHULZ M m ajor crim es a re committed during a typica l week in the city of Los Angeles. Twenty-five women are raped; fo ur citizens are murdered; 190 others are bea ten , kni fed or shot. Poli ce switchboa rds light up w ith reports of r 53 robberies, 445 stolen ca rs, 637 larcen ies involving $50 or m ore, and 1076 housebrea kings . Yet thi s orgy of law less ness is no reAection on the L os Ange les Poli ce Depa rtm ent. " We just don't have the m a npowe r to keep crim e in check," says embat tl ed poli ce chi ef Thom as Reddin . " We need 10,000 m en, but we ca n't even fi ll our a uthori zed st reng th of 5383." ORE THA N 2500 Officials in every sect ion of the co untry echo C hief Reddin 's complaint. Ameri ca is desperately underprotected - at a tim e w hen crime is grow in g six tim es fas t er than p op ul a t io n- a nd t he situ a ti o n is wo rsening rapidly. Demoralized by in a dequ a te wages, fr ustrated by judicial nitpicking , sickened by citize n apathy, poli cemen by the thousa nds are turning in their badges, whi le potentia l replacem ents look elsewhere fo r employm ent. A survey of 36 m ajo r departments from Bo sto n to Hono lulu di sc loses that not one is up to authorized st reng th. U.S . Ass istant Atto rn ey General Fred Vin son, Jr., puts the I �2 THE READER'S DIGEST nationwide police sh ortage at a frightening 50,000. On the Run. New York's 73rd Precinct - the teeming Brownsville section of Brooklyn-is a microcosm of the national problem. Last summer, the "normal complement" of 374 men needed to safeguard the area was short by more than roo. Bone-weary officers put in r6-hour days in the attempt to maintain law and order. But they were no match for ma rauding criminals. Homicides soared. Stores were repeatedly burglarized . Policemen themselves were mugged in broad daylight. "They've got us on the run," an exhausted patrolman said bitterly. "And they know it." To remedy the situation, ew York officials have la unched a highpowered recruiting campaign. But their problem is not unique. Recruiters from the Washington, D.C., police department comb the eastern United States, a nd cannot fill the nearly 400 vacancies on their 3100man force. Meanwhile, crime in the nation's capital increased 38 percent in a recent 12-m onth period. Behind the cold statistics are the individuals who suffer: the mercha nt forced out of business by repeated holdups; the pretty teen-ager disfig ured for li fe by a n assailant's razor; the young housewife thrust into widowhood by an armed robber - and you may well be next. For make no mistake about it: every gap in the "thin blue line" means that more citizens get hurt. This was demonst rated vividly in mid-1966, when hundreds of Chicago police were taken off their regular beats to quell potential riots in the tense Eighth District. During this time, the city's crime soared 29.8 percent over the previous year, with increases recorded in 20 of 21 police districts. The sole exception: the Eighth District. H igh Risk, Low Pay. The shamefu l events of last summer, during which more than 100 communities were ravaged by riot, have made the police manpower situation even more acute.For example, 20 men had signed up to take the examination for admission to the undermanned P lainfield, .J., police department. Then came that city's riot, in the course of which a young patrolman was stomped to death by a savage mob. Only five of the applicants showed up to take the test. Of the five, only two qualified. In nearby ewark, a policeman threatening to turn in his badge said, "They just buried the best man I've ever known" -this of Frederick Toto, a decorated policema n shot to death by a sniper during the July riot. 'Tm not afraid, but m y wife's near a nervous b reakdown." But the riots are only part of it. In recent months I have traveled from one end of the country to the other, interviewing former policemen as well as harried young patrolmen who at least for now, are stick ing it out. From their stories t hi s dep lorable f inanci al picture emerges : Although the Office of Economic �OUR A L ARMING POLICE SHORTAGE Opportunity puts the pove rt y level a t $3200 for a non -farm fa mily of fou r, patrolmen in Di ck so n , Tenn., start at $2400 a year ; in Durant, Okla., at $2760; in Glasgow, Ky., at $3000. Coeur d 'A lene, Idaho, pays its patrolmen an annual ·$5280, but requires them to work 54-hour weeks . Salaries in large r citi es, while hig her, are nonetheless disg raceful. In Seattle, cable splicers ea rn $375 a month more than poli ce men; Chicago electri cia ns receive $1.40 an hour more than the patrolman on the bea t; carpenters in N ew York comma nd 50 percent m ore per hour than patrolmen. M oreover, the cable sp li cer, e lect rici a n a nd carpente r work 35- or 40-hour weeks, with genero us ove rtime. The policeman toils ni g h ts and holidays, rarely with overt im e, often under in cr edibl e stra in , hi s li fe freq uentl y in danger. In 1966, 23,000 poli cemen were assa ulted in the lin e of duty. More appa lling than low pay to m an y po li cemen is the att itude of the publi c. "I'm willing to take m y chances w ith the punks and the hoods," says a vetera n policeman in Balt imore. "A ll I ask is a li ttle support from the average citizen." Yet, all too often, peop le "wa lk the ot her way." Fo r h::i lf ::i n hour, t wo membe rs of t h e C a li fo rni a Hi g h way Patrol teetered on the edge of a bridge 185 feet above Sa n Pedro Bay, st ruggling to save a man bent on suicide. Agai n and aga in they shouted for help to passing cars. Not one driver stopped, or even bothered 3 to ca ll for aid when he reached the end of the bridge. In another insta nce, a Sa n Fran cisco policeman attempted to arrest two drunks on a downtown street. Forty minutes late r he was ca rried into San Fra ncisco General Hospital, his cheek slas hed open, his nose broken . "The crowd just let them beat m e," he sa id . "People act as if the police were their enemies." Case Dismissed. A nother m ajor factor in the sorry state of police morale is th e se ries of vague and loosely wo rded Supreme Court rulings handed down in rece nt years. Consider these typical cases reported to the Senate Subcommittee on C rimin al L aws a nd P rocedures: • " Thi s fe llow went throug h a red lig ht a nd ran into me," an a ng ry motorist told the policem an dispatc hed to the scene of a traffic acci dent in Providence, R.I . " Is that so?" the officer inqu ired of the second motor ist. The latter ad mi tted that he had indeed run the li g ht. Later, the case aga in st him was thrown out of co urt . Why? Th e poli cema n had fa iled to notify him of hi s rig hts, as required by the Supreme Court's 1966 Mira nda decisi on,* before asking, " ls that so'" • An officer in Torran ce, Ca lif., picked up two young men on narcotics cha rges. Acu tely ::iwa re of Miranda, the pol ice man in formed the suspects, "Yo u have the rig ht to • Whi ch ,a ,·s that a suspect mu, t be info rmed of hi s right to silence, of his rig ht to a lawyer e,-cn if he cannot affn rd o ne. a nd of the fact tha t a nything he sa ys ca n be held .tga in !-i t hirn in court . �THE READER'S DIGEST the services of a n attorney during all stages of the proceedings against you." Tot good enough, Judge Otto Willett ruled in dismissing the charges. What the officer should have said, Willett declared, was, "You have the right to the services of an attorney prior to any questioning." The defendants left the cou rtroom gn nnmg . " itpicking of this kind h;r.; had a disastrous effect on our force," says Lt. L ee J. As hma n, head of the T orrance narcotics squad. "Some veteran officers have become so frustrated they've simp ly quit." Turnstile Justice. Just as demoralizing is the cava lier attitude that m any judges have toward juvenile crime. Co nsider the case 0£ Harry Sylvester Jones, Jr., a Washing ton, D.C., delinquent who was g iven an earl y release from reform schoolonl y to embark on a criminal career that included rape, auto theft and g rand larceny. Sentenced to prison three times in eig ht years, Jones was three times released on parole or p robation. Within seven m onths after he was released for the third tim e, he had raped two women at kni fe-point, stabbed a nother nine times as she knelt in church, and committed his third rape against a 54-yea r-old wom an he trapped in an elevator. Jones is ha rd ly unique. Police fil es in every state bulge with cases in which innocent members of society pay fo r the mistakes of unrealistic judges and pa role o fficers. The careers of Gregory Ulas Powell and 4 Jimmy L ee Smith, young Cali forn ians who had amassed 25 arrests by the time they were 30, are depressingly typical. On the night of M arch 9, 1963, en route to their fi fth robbery in two weeks, Powell a nd Smith were stopped for a defective taill ig ht by Los Angeles policemen Ian James Campbell and K arl Hettinger. The unsuspecting officers were promptly kidnaped at g u npoint, d riven n o rt h in to K e rn County an d m arched on to a deserted field . As the officers stood with their hands raised, Powell calmly fired a .32-caliber bu llet into Campbell's mouth. Hettinger whirled and ra n, miraculously escaping as Powell soug ht to gun him down and Smith pumped four more slug s into the dying Campbell. The lesson to be learned from that March night is the folly of turnstile justice. Campbell's killers were both- on parole. Eight tim es they had been the recipients of judicia l leniency in the form of conditional release, parole or probation. N or has their luck run out. C aptured within hours of the murder, the two were convicted a nd sentenced to death . But, last July, the Ca liforni a Suprem e Court reversed the convictions on the ground that the defendants had not been fully ad vised o f their rig hts, and ordered a new tria l, perhaps p roviding a noth e r oppo rt u nit y to prove tha t crime does pay. " The. weakness in our handling of re peating offenders has caused vet- �5 OUR ALA RMIN G POLICE SHORTAGE eran law-e nforcement officers to of a nonparti sa n crime comm ittee. throw up their hands in despair," Mobili z ing public support, the comsays FBI Director J. Edgar H oover. mittee won an imm edi ate $rooo pay " Worse, it makes ou tsta nding you ng hik e for Cincinnati 's policemen, men reluctant to enter the law- with promises of m ore to come. enforcement profession at the ve ry Today, a bi t m ore than a year later, tim e their services are so gravely m orale is m eas urably improved. needed." Resig nations and retirements have A Major Commitment. Wh at can been slas hed by two thirds, and the we do to close the dangerous "police force is aga in attracting ambitious gap"? Two steps are clearl y called yo un g recru its. "We've got to unfor : dersta nd," says John Held, " that 1. We must pay th e police a Living yo u ca n't stop crim e wi th an underwage. James Ro ye r, father of two, ma nn ed police force whose morale resig ned from the C incinnati police has been broken." 2. T,Ve must provide th e police the department in the summer of 1966. "My ran k is that of police specialist," moral su pport they so desperately he wrote. "My sa la ry, after -nine need. Througho ut the countr y, poyea rs, is $7507- I have no union , no lice efforts to improve community g uild and ve ry few rig hts - civil or relation s have been undermined by otherwise. Our city perso nn el offi cer a co n cer t ed campa ig n of ab u se. classifies me as se mi-sk illed labor Commonest charge is that of "police my co llege degree, g raduate work, brutality." Yet a tas k force of the adva nced train ing and yea rs of pro- Pres id e nt 's Cr im e Co mmi ss ion, fess ional ex perience notwithstand- whi ch w itn essed 5339 " police-citi zen ing . Private industr y has offered m e encounters," during 850 eight-hour a substa ntia l sa lary increase and an patrols, fo und only 20 cases in which opportunity fo r advancem ent. I re- police were fe lt to have used ung ret that thi s co uld not be ac hieved necessa ry force. " Th at is a reco rd of as an employe of the people of Cin- . sa ti sfactory perfo rm ance in 99.63 percinn ati. " cent of the sa mple under stud y," Jim Royer was not a lone, as City says syndicated newspaper columCou nc ilm a n Jo hn E. H e ld w as ni st Jam es J. Kilpatrick. "What shocked to nnd . M any of the city's other occupa tion or profession boasts outstand ing poli cem en we re q uit- a better record ?" To counterbala nce the work of poting the force to acce pt hig her-paying jobs as g ua rd s, truck dri vers, lice-baiting grou ps, F red E . Inbau, sa lesmen. Crime was up sharp ly; the professor of crim inal law at Northnumber of offenses culmin ating in western University, recently formed a rrest was down 25 percent from a n organ iza tion ca lled A mericans the preceding yea r. for Effective L aw Enfo rcement "to H eld led the ng ht for the creatio n represent the law-abiding p ubli c and �THE READER:S DIGEST its embattled protectors." Enthusiastically supported by many of the country's top experts on crime and punishment, AELE will defend , among others, policemen it considers unjustly accused of brutality; draft m odel anti~crime statutes; and argue major cases in the nation's courts. Meanwhile, in Indi ana polis, a band of housewives has demonstrated that anyone may enlist in the battle for law and order. Stunned by the brutal slaying of a 90-year-old woman, a group of women residents initi ate d the Indian apo lis AntiCrime Crusade in March 1962. Since then, enlisti ng more than 60,000 women in its ranks, the Crusade has won badly needed pay hikes for the Indianapolis police, lobbied for effective anti-crime measures and sat in on more than 80,000 court cases to keep local judges on their toes. Its dogged efforts have helped to curb Indianapolis crime and have 6 won the kudos of the President's Crime Commission. The exodus of policemen can be stopped. Thousands of young men can be persuaded to make law enforcement their career. But it will require a major commitment from ordinary citizens across the land, not only in dollars but in spirit. As Rep. Joel T. Broyhill, of Virginia, has said, "In part because we, as ordinary citizens, have waited too long to fight back, a pol ice uniform today is the target for epithets and abuse. It is time to ask our decen t citizens for collective action; our public officials for more backbone; our courts for more reality. We must stop this nonsense not tomorrow, not next week, but today." Rep rints of this art icle arc available. Prices, postpaid to one add ress: 10 - 50¢; 50 - $2; 100 - $3 .50; 500 - $ 12.50; 1000 - $18 . Address Reprint Editor, The Readers Digest, Plcasamvillc, N.Y. 10570 REPRINTED FROM THE JANUARY 1968 ISSUE OF THE READER ' S DIGE ST ©1967 THE READER ' S DIGEST ASSOC I ATION , I NC., PLEASANTVILLE, N. Y. 10570 PRIN TED IN U.S.A. �Mrs, Birdie N. Ba ldwin 4401 Lake Forrest Drive, N. W. Atlanta, Georgia 30305 Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr. City Hall Atlanta, Georgia 30303 �ound Over n Burglary A man identified by police field coordinator for- the Stu tlent Non-Violent Coordinatin mittee Friday was he! tier $5,000 bond for the Fult ty grand jury in connecti the burglary of a Peac Street clothing store. ·ckerson and Harvey G , 21, and a third man 11 apprehended, were wa onnection with a $3,000 Oct. 13 of Spencer eachtree St. NE , dete . They added Gay w d Friday night and w ·gned in Municipal Cou day. 'Records show Rickersoia esteci here Sept. 14, 1 e Boulevard (NE) riots. In the burglary, detecy. aid a skylight atop the bull as pried open and the m ise brought back out th e _skylight. Detectives ey had recovered four ut of an assortment of e ·ve impor ted coats, sw nd shirts reported taken e fi rm. �J. Edgar Hoover, Director, Federal Bureau of Investigation, announces the Graduation Exercises of the FBI National Academy, Wednesday morning, November First, Nineteen Hun<ked Sixty-seven, at ten-thirty o'clock, in the Departmental Auditorium, Constitution Avenue between Twelfth and Fourteenth Streets, Northwest, Washington, D. C. �Mr .E r qn 9r Of fice G'.?. • �- -- - ~- -- Vo ·ri8 D r · ng 164 T") hode I c- "c1 t, v e. '•Ir, s .. in2:t0 . , D. C. 71T.rl. ~ !"_.J ·' !, • �143.215.248.55,­ }wi.~ · . Jll~r! , t-

�. ~. 1£3c2 .Q. , ;A,.-t.-/~J Cl--,~ ~'~-<r ~~" # "'- u~, 0t. /LI_ ~ _ �Mayor I v an Allen City Hall As t he parents of . the c hildren a t Warren. J aek s on g.chool , we feel that it is necessary for !!heir safety that a polie e w01nan···be ·stationed on Mt . Paran Road to assist them in crossing o We feel that e c onomy is not . a factor where the s-a£·ety o f our children is inv olv ed a �Mayor Ivan Allen City Hall As t he parents of the c hildren at Warren. Jaekson School, we feel t ha t it is necessary for t!heir safety tha t a polie e woman ·-lYe ·stat ioned on Mt. Paran Road to assist them in crossi ng o We feel that economy is not a factor where t he safety of our children i s involved o ..... ... • w �Ivan: Is this the sort of thing we should have to put up with? Could I obtain a permit to carry a protective weapon in my car? Don �JIP. u~;.;;....c.•

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~ ~ PUBLIC RELATIONS WASl-llNGTON, D. C. 20001 z ~ (j) m 0

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(j) > MOSS 1-l. KENDRIX Director Wl-lAT Tl-lE PUBLIC Tl-llNKS - COUN TSI A TL ANTA O F F I CE : LOBBY FLOOR , WALUHAJE APARTMENT S 7 9 4-766 6 �ATLANTA, GEORGIA P HO NE 5 22 - 44 6 3 George, Check with the Police Department to see if these threats were reported, and if they were not, have someone go out and talk to the ladies to get any information, per attached letter. IAJr. ~ ~\\ l . F O R M 25 - 6 �f'P, ATLANTA, GEORGIA /1 TO: · ~ FROM : Dan E . Sweat, ROUTE SLIP £ Ckdt/2-0d Jr. ~ your information 0 Please refer to the attached correspondence and .make the necessary reply. O Advis e me the status of the attached . FORM 25- 4-S �JULY 1967 LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN r7 therefore believe it is my duty to my country to love it, to support its constitution, to obey its laws, to respect its flag, and to defend it against all enemies. • JJ WILLIAM TYLER PAGE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION JD EDGAR HOOVER, DIRECTOR UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE �JULY 1967 VOL. 36 NO. 7 ..,_ ...... . __

·-· ·----·-* " ... ._ ,__,...,,....,, , ,__,, _CTGO ,_ -·- THE COV ER- Patriotism and respect /o r the fi ag. S ee Mr. Hoove r's message on page 1. -- LAW ENFORCEMENT BULLETIN CONTENTS Message From Director]. Edgar Hoover . 1 An American Policeman in England, by Lt. R obert C. Mitchell, Multnomah County Department of Public Safety, Portland, Oreg. 2 Search of Motor Vehicles (Part V) 7 Seeing More While Looking Less, by C. Alex Pantaleoni, Coordinator of Police Science, Rio Hondo Junior College, Santa Fe Springs, Calif. . 9 A Public Safety Cruiser, by Warren Dodson, Chief of Police, Abilene, Tex. 12 The Silent Witness 17 FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION Wanted by the FBI 24 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE Tribute to Peace Officers Published by the Washington, D.C. 20535 ( inside back cover) �CAN THERE BE ANY ACT more sickening and revolting than a crowd of so-called citizens desecrating and burning their country's flag? Those who resort to such moronic behavior are surely lost in the depths of depravity. Obviously, their first loyalty is not to the United States. emphasized and excluded from several phases of our life. Many educators and other leaders seem to feel it is no longer necessary for boys and girls to be concerned with how our country came into being, what it stands for, and the courageous and noble deeds of our forefathers to preserve it. True, our Nation is founded on concepts and principles which encourage dissent and opposition. These are traditions we must always defend and support. But touching a torch to the flag far exceeds reasonable protest. It is a shameful act which serves no purpose but to encourage those who want our country to erupt in violence and destruction. Conditions are now such in some circles that an individual who professes love of his country, reverence for its flag, and belief in the principles which make our Nation great is considered a yokel. Open aversion to patriotism of any form is increasing. Even some news media take a "tongue-in-cheek" approach to persons and groups which promote and pa1iicipate in patriotic endeavors. Love of one's country is treated as some kind of social disease to be tolerated, if not stamped out. Protests are made that too much patriotism leads to international conflict. I submit that the United States will never have anything to fear from its ardent and genuinely patriotic citizens. On this 191st anniversary of the Declaration of Independence, we might ask what causes unpatriotic outbursts and irrational protests. Why do people turn against their native land and openly support totalitarian forces whose goal is to enslave the world- forces which do not even allow token opposition from their subjects ? Why do some individuals refuse to serve and defend their country? Why do they burn their draft cards and their flag? There may be many reasons for such action, but I am fully convinced that dying patriotism is one major cause. Love of country is being de- JULY 1, 1967 American history proves that freedom and liberty come at high prices and that their upkeep is costly and time-consuming. As Daniel Webster so aptly put it, " God grants libe1iy only to those who love it and are always ready to guard and defend it. Let our object be our country . . . "-not our country the object of desecration and abuse. �An American Policeman • 1n England Lt. ROBERT C. MITCHELL Multnomah County Departmen t of Public Safety, Portland, Oreg. Lightweight motorcycles are used to patrol extensive rural beats. An American police officer, for a period of 6 months, exchanged home, car, and job with his English counterpart in an experiment in the observation of police work in a foreign country. �Law Enforcement Foreign Exchange Experiment 0 n April 1, 1966, I began a 6month tour of duty with the Lancashire Constabulary, England's second largest police force. At the same time, Chief Insp. John P. Kennard, of the Lancashire force, was assigned to the Multnomah County Sheriff's Office, Portland, Oreg., to study our organization and methods. To the best of our knowledge, this was the first direct exchange of police personnel between an American and a foreign police agency. I t should not be the last. The exchange was total in that we traded houses and a utomobiles as well as jobs during this period . Personal problems arose almost immediately, b ut none were beyond solution. For example, both of our insurance companies had to be contacted and their feelings determined as to continued insurance coverage on the automobiles. Chief Inspector Kennard I fo und that the fir ms with which we dealt were fascinated by the idea of the exchange and were more than glad to give us their full cooperation. My own children are grown, but Chief Inspector and Mrs. Kennard were bringing their two daughters, Paula, age 3, and Alison, age 9, to the United States. Our local elementary school was delighted with the idea of enrolling Alison for the balance of the school term. House payments and the forwarding of pay were left in the competent hands . of the assistant cashier of our bank. Advantages of Venture There are tremendous advantages, both personal and professional, for the police officer chosen to participate in such a venture. The exposure to different concepts, tools, techniques, and training methods is bound to create a thirst for further knowledge. The exchange certainly changed any_preconceived ideas of ours about the " typical" Englishman. We had prnbably seen too many motion pie- tures depicting stereotyped roles of the English and heard too many jokes about their lack of a sense of humor. We found a warmhearted, generous, and hospitable people with a sense of humor as keen as our own. There are differences in living conditions, monetary systems, and many of the things which we take for granted in -t he United States. We found no real difficulty in adapting to these differences. Housing, or a housing allowance, is provided for the British policeman by his force. Thus we found ourselves housed in one of a row of nine police houses. They were more or less identical, of standard brick construction, and heated by coal fireplaces. Our neighbors were policemen and their families. Some of the friendships formed with our neighbors will last a lifetime. I believe that living under these conditions proved the necessity of a n Chief Supt. William Little (right), uN" Division (Ashton-Unde r-Lyne ), and Lie ute nant Mitche ll. a'~a July 1967 3 �and as a result we both found ourselves being invited to speak to various civic organizations. It is our hope that we left a good impression of Americans with those organizations. The Unarmed Police Lieutena nt Mitchell chats with offi cers in the communications section, a vita l public service in all police departments. officer involved in such an exchange being accompanied by his wife a nd famil y. It would have been difficult, if not impossible, fo r a single man to have fitted in with the fa mily atmosphere of this police community. Scope o f the Exchange Inasmuch as this was to be a new experience, neither my sheriff nor I was in a position to know just what we should consider as the scope of the experiment. I was given specific a reas to study : The penal system, the use of the summons as opposed to physical arrest, and the relationship of the British police with the public they serve. Beyond these three points, I was given a free hand to delve into anything I felt would be of value to us. Chief Constable Col. T. Eric St. Johnston was on a world tour at the time of my arrival, but he had left instructions that I was not to be " desk bound" but was to be left ver y much as a free agent to come and go as I 4 saw fit. Visits had been scheduled for me with police fo rces in England, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and the Isle of Man. Although b ased at Lancashire Constabular y Headquarters, I visited each of its 18 divisions as well as 15 other police forces, In every case I was given any information I requested, shown anything I wished to see, and given free access to anything I fo und of interest. Each fo rce visited had ar ranged both professional and social engagements which they felt would be of value and interest to both Mrs. Mitchell and me. As a result, we h ad access to ma ny places and activities that no tourist would ever have. Thro ugh these programs we were able to broaden our outlook far beyond the confines of the police service. Being cast in the role of an ambassador of good will came as something of a surprise, but both my wife and I fo und ourselves placed in this position. P ress and television coverage of the exchange was quite extensive, After 22 years of close association with a sidearm, it was both pleasant and disconcerting to find myself work ing with policemen who neither use firearms nor care to use them. This, of course, was the first difference to be encountered in our two police systems and was the one on which I was most often questioned. The arming of the British police became the subj ect of a great deal of public controversy when Detective Sgt. Chris Head and P olice Constables Geoffrey F ox and David W ombwell were slain in London on August 12, 1966. Oddly enough, the police were not nearly as enthusiastic about being armed as the public was about a rming them. In my opinion the answer to this problem may lie in stiffer prison sentences for those criminals wh o use a gun against an unarmed society and unarmed police fo rces. The British policeman has spent nearly 150 years in building the tradition of keeping the peace without the use of firearms. This is a tradition which should be kept as long as it is possible to do so. I t would be h ighly improper if I were to create the impression that the police are completely inept in the use of firearms. Every force has a num ber of men trained in the use of weapons, and the equipment i available for issue when it is needed . Standard ization The British police enjoy a standardization of many elements of the police service that may not be attainable in the United States. P a y scales are the same in all E ngli h forces, with the exception of London, which FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin �allows a cost-of-living adjustment. Entrance requirements may vary slightly from force to force, but conditions of service are the same in all forces. This standardization is also found in training, uniforms, and retirement benefits. It would appear that the key to standardization is the 50 percent grant from the national treasury of the annual budget of each police force. Every force is inspected annually by one of Her Majesty's Inspectors of Constabulary. His report, indicating that the force is up to standards, determines whether the grant will be allo wed. Although placin g chief constables in a ver y advantageous position when presenting the p olice budget to their local authority, this system does place the national government squarely in the local police picture. Any suggestions presented to the chief constables by the Home Secretary will usually be implemented. Without a doubt, this is the major factor in achieving the uniformity which I found so impressive. Training Program The value of standardization is most apparent in the training program. England is divided into eight geographic police districts, each with a district training center. Recruits from every force in the district train together and take the same 13-week basic training course. This concept of training is possible where criminal law is national in scope rather than regional, as in our own State statutes. Women police constables in patrol cars undertake the same duties as the men but especially concern themselves with cases involving women and children. The police car is white so that it can be readily identified as a police vehicle. Training does not stop at the recruit level. Inservice training is carried out within the forces, · and refresher courses are offered at the district trammg center. Specialized courses are frequently given in the larger forces with vacancies in the class held open for officers from surrounding forces. One of the more interesting inservice training courses is the refresher course for sergeants of the Lancashire Constabulary. It is based on a concept of three R's: 1. Relax-by virtu e of short hours, no pres- sure, and long weekends. 2. Refre sh- the officer's kn owl edge of th e latest laws and court decisions. 3. Ren ew- the officer's enthusiasm for his job, the department, and th e future. Supt. Walter Butterworth, now retired, assured me that the relaxed atmosphere, the roundtable conference approach to teaching, a nd the complete lack of pressure do send the men back to their posts with a far better outlook on their job. The Police College at Bramshill is the seat of higher education for the whole of the English police service. The 6-month Senior Staff Course trains officers of the rank of inspector and above to assume the highest posts in the police service. The Intermediate Command Course, lasting 3 months, is designed to train inspectors and chief inspectors in the responsibilities of posts held by superintendents and chief superintendents. Sergeants and newly promoted inspectors attend the 6-m onth " A" Course to prepare them for the duties of inspector and chi ef inspector. The Special Course impressed me with the potenti al of hav in g tremendous impact on the British police service of the future. Young offi cers of outstanding pro mise, wh o have passed hi gh ) n pro motio nal examinations, are assig ned to this 1-year course under a q uota system. They are given the temporar y ra nk of sergeant 5 �for the duration of the course, the rank being made permanent after the successful conclusion of their studies. There are a number of scholarships available for the outstanding officers in the class to continue on to university studies. I would hope that the P olice College program could be expanded to accommodate far more students. The coll~ge graduated 448* men and women in 1965 from a total authorized police strength of about 95,000. Crime prevention and public relations are sometimes treated as sepa- On the day I inspected this installation, police were keeping a parking lot and a city street with a high crime rate under surveillance. Any suspicious activity was reported to plainclothes officers on the ground who immediately investigated !he situation. In addition to setting up many good arrests, this system appears to keep many of the thieves · off balance, as they are never quite sure where the television will be installed next. With the cooperation of BBC and the independent television stations, the police sponsor regional programs Officer and police dog patrol a children's playground at Kirkby near Liverpool . rate fun ctions, but to me they appear to interlock to such an extent that it is difficult to tell where one stops and the other begins. Most of the forces I visited had assigned offi cers to the crime prevention detail on a full-tim e basis, and these men were very devoted to the program. In addition to the expected posters, pamphlets, and personal contacts with business people, I found two techniques th at were of great interest. The Liverpool City P olice have mounted mo vable television cameras atop one of the do wntown buildings.

R eport o f H er i\ laj cs ty·s Ch ief Ins pec tor o f Co n stnbu lnry for th e Year, ] 965 (Lond on: Her Majes ty' s

Sta ti onery Office, 1966), p. 33 . 6 with such titles as " P olice File" and " P olice Five." These programs are on the air during prime time in the evening, and public reception and reaction are excellent. The usual fo rmat might show a photograph of a wanted man, a certain type of vehicle the police are looking fo r , a list of stolen items, and a missing person . " Police File" is aired at 7 p.m. on Frida y over Granada TV. The ro ugh scri pt is written by the Manchester City P olice public relations offi cer and is then poli shed by television script writers under his supervision. T his is not an attempt at censorship or co ntrol by the television people, but is designed to convert the script from police language to television language. Forty-eight police forces in the Granada viewing area contribute to the program through the Manchester Police. Displays Also of particular interest and value are large assortments of locks and security devices displayed by most crime prevention officers and · provided through the courtesy of the manufacturers of such hardware. Many officers pointed out that the businessman should be invited to the police station to view these displays privately. There was a strong suspicion that the local burglars would enjoy attending any public display of such security devices. During my tour in England, I had the pleasure of visiting the following police departments: Lancashire Constabulary, P reston Borough P olice, Ro yal Ulster Constabulary, Liverpool City P olice, Isle of Man Con stabular y, Manchester City Police, Birmingham City P olice, Coventry City P olice, Stockport Borough Po lice, Blackpool Boro ugh Police, City of London P olice, London Metrop olitan Police, Southport Boro ugh P olice, Edinb urgh City P olice, Glasgow City Police, and Durham Constabulary. The British Police m an I have touched briefl y on a few of the many facets of the British police service. I should like to generalize a bit and attempt to describe the Br itish policeman . He is a first-rate police officer by the standar ds of any p olice agency known to me. He is gro3sly underpaid when one weighs his respo~sibilities against those of men employed by British industry. He perfo rms the deeds of valor which a re expected of policemen everywhere. The 1965 report of Her Majesty's ( Continued on page 16) FBI Law Enforcement Bull eti n �Search of Motor Vehicles This is the fifth of a series of articles discussing the Fecleral law on search of motor vehicles. VI. Consent Searches The constitutional p r o t e ct i o n against unreasonable searches and seizures provided by the fourth amendment can be waived by the express consent of the person whose· property is to be searched. On Lee v. U.S., 343 U.S. 74-7 (1952 ) . Because of the obvious advantages it offers over the search by warrant or incidental to arrest, the consent search has become a popular method of sec uring evidence from suspected offenders. Where properly obtained from the party in interest, it _avoids the requirements of probable cause and particularity of description necessary to a valid warrant. And since it need not be tied to an arrest, the contemporaneo us factors of time and place associated with the incidental search are also inapplicable. But it is precisely because thi s technique circumvents these traditi onal safeguards of privacy that consent searches are looked upon with disfavor by the courts. When one consents to a search of his automobile, it is said that he waives any constitutional right of privacy he might otherwise en joy over the vehicle or any property contained therein. And as in all situations involving a waiver of fundamental constitutional rights, it can be expected that the pr,osccution will have to meet a hi gh standard of proof. Johnson v. Zerbst, 304 U.S. 458 ( 1938) . In general, the limitations set on consent searches are the same considerations that have been employed in the past in determining the voluntariness of confessions. Thus the courts have held that consent must be given in circum263-817 0 - 67- - 2 stances free of "d uress or coercion," that it be " knowingly and intelligently:' given, and that it be stated in a "clear and unequivocal" manner. Because these determinations generally involve inquiries into the subjective state of mind of the suspect, the officer, or both, they present practical difficulties in judicial supervision which more often than not are resolved in favor of the criminally accused. A. Duress or Coercion Applicability of the fourth amendment guaranty of immunity from unreasonable searches or seizures is not dependent upon any affirmative assertion by the private citizen. U.S. v. Rembert, 284. F. 996, 998 (1922); Dacle v. State, 188 Okla. 677, 112 P. 2d 1102 (1941) . To hold otherwise would require the individual to make the difficult choice either of challengin g the officer's authority, perhaps by force, or waiving his constitutional rights through inaction. I bicl. Thus, in many cases where a consensual situation is in issue, there is no overt indication that the person voiced objection or otherwise contested the search. The courts must therefore look to the surrounding circumstances to determine whether or not the purported consent was induced by pressure or coercion. Peaceful submission under such circumstances is not consent but simply acquiescence to higher authority and cannot lawfully support a search without a warrant. U.S. v. Rembert, supra; Johnson v. U.S., 333 U.S. 10 (194-8) ; Amos v. U.S. , 255 U.S. 313 (1921). There is, of course, no easy yardstick by which to measure the degree 7 �of coercion or duress necessary to vitiate an expressed consent, for this must depend upon the characteristic facts of each case. Nonetheless, it is possible to identify several factors which generally influence the courts in making this determination. It has been held, for example, that the attitude and conduct of the advising officer are an important consideration, particularly where they might indicate that he had intended to search in any event. If he states peremptorily, "Open the glove compartment," or "I want to look in the trunk of your car," it is likely that this will be viewed as coercive. The courts have also pointed to such factors as undue emphasis on authority and even an aggressive manner as being sufficient to invalidate consent. U.S. v. Kelih, 272 Fed. 484 (1922). Similarly, the time of night, U.S. v. Roberts, 179 F. Supp. 478 (1959), number of officers seeking consent, U.S. v. Alberti, 120 F. Supp. 171 ( 1954,) , display of weapons or other symbols of authority, U.S. v. Marquette, 271 Fed. 120 (1920), or presence of the suspect's family during questioning, Catalanotte v. U.S., 208 F. 2d 264, (1953) , all tend to create a strong implication of CO· ercion. It is important therefore that the police avoid use of demanding words or gestures or any comment which might be construed to mean that the subj ect has no ch oice but to allow a search. This issue often arises when an officer threatens to procure a search war rant if consent is not given. It has been held by some courts that permission given under these circumstances is a mere submission to a uthority and that the individual yields his rights only because he feels there is no reasonable alternative but to consent. U.S. v. Baldacci, 42 F. 2d 567 (1930); U.S . v. Dix on, 117 F. Supp. 925 (194-9) ; see also, Weecl v. U.S., 340 F. 2d 827 (1965 ). On the other hand, it is arguable 8 that knowledge that one cannot lawfully prevent a search indefinitely may enable him to make a more intelligent decision as to whether and how much he will cooperate. It is not required, of course, that the individual desire a search be made of his property, but only that he make a free and voluntary choice on the matter. Accordingly, some cases hold that where the officer in good faith informs a party of the likelihood that a ~varrant will be issued, he does no more than advise the _suspect of the legal alternatives confronting him, and, i"n the absence of any aggravating circumstances, this factor alone will not invalidate the consent. Simmons v. Bomar, 230 F. Supp. 226 (1964) . This line of reasoning is implicit in Hamilton v. State of North Carolina, 290 F. Supp. 632 (1966 ) , wh ere po· lice, alerted to a recent safe robber y, arrested the defendant near his automobile. The arresting officer asked for permission to search the car, stating that he did not have a warrant with him but could get one if necessar y. The defendant replied, "There is no need of that. You can search the car ." He then handed the keys to the officer who searched the vehicle and found a pistol. In denying a petition for habeas corpus, the Federal district court ruled, " The fact that the officer told [the defendant] that he did not have a search warrant but that he could get one is immaterial." Citing an earlier appellate decision, the court stated, " a defendant cannot assert the illegality of a search made with his consent, though given in response to a threat to procure a search warrant." !cl. at 635. See, Gatterdam v. U.S. , 5 F. 2d 673 ( 1925 ); K ershner v. Boles, 212 F. Supp. 9 ( 1963 ), modified and aff'd, Boles v. Kershner, 320 F. 2d 284, ( 1963) . There is common agreement, however, that if the consent is obtained through fra ud, deception, or misrepresentation regard- mg either the officer's authority or intention to secure a formal warrant, the search will be invalid. Bolger v. U.S., 189 F. Supp. 237 (1960 ) , a:ff'd 293 F. 2d 368, rev'd on other grounds, 371 U.S. 392 ( 1963 ) ; Pekar v. U.S., 315 F. 2d 319 (1965 ) ;U.S. v. Wallace, 160 F. Supp. 859 (1958) . One of the more troublesome issues of consent arises when permission to conduct a warrantless search is obtained from one who is under arrest or otherwise subj ected to official restraint. Since intimidation and duress are necessarily implicit in such situations, it is especially difficult for the prosecution to convince the court that the waiver was given free from negating pressure or ·c oercion. U.S. v. Wallace, 160 F. Supp. 859 (1958 ) . But while some courts consistently view consent given b y one in police custody as invalid, Judd v. U.S., 190 F . 2d 649 (D.C. Cir . 1951 ), most Federal courts will inquire into the total circumstances of the case. Burke v. U.S. 328 F. 2d 399 (1st Cir.) , cert. denied, 379 U.S. 84.9 ( 1964); U.S . v. Paradise, 253 F . 2d 319 (2d Cir. ) (1958 ) ; U.S. v. Perez, 242 F . 2d 867 (2d Cir. ), cert. denied, 354, U .S. 941 ( 1957 ) ; Gendron v. U.S ., 227 F. Supp. 182 (1964,) ; Kershner v. Boles, supra; Hamilton v. State of No rth Carolina, supra. On the other hand, where condi tions of the restraint indicate a high probability of intimidation, consent by the person in custody will usually be invalid. This is often the result when a display of firea rms or other open show of force is made during the course of the arrest. Thus, in one case police officers, exhibiting drawn pistols and riot gun, stopped the defendant's veh icle an d placed the occupants under arrest fo r vagrancy a nd auto theft. One of the offi cers asked the defendan t, Weed, about a vehicle parked approximately one and onehalf blocks a way from the scene of ( Continued on page 20) FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin �A New Application of an Established Technique- Less [seeing I Looking More While Law enforcement officials are constantly seeking new and productive means to solve old and persistent problems. Rapid technological advances mark the pattern of growth of today's police forces, but sometimes a new and modified application of an old method proves highly effective. Such is the case with the proposal presented in 1964 to the California Peace Officer's Training Division by the California Optometric Association. In charge of the research proposal was Dr. Arthur Heinsen of San Jose. In 1964 vision science as applied to law enforcement was a new application of an already known and established training technique. During World War II many courses were developed for aircraft spotters and other military personnel receiving tachistoscopic training. Such a course conJuly 1967 sisted of Hashing silhouettes of various aircraft, naval vessels, and other military equipment on a screen for a fraction of a second. With speedy identification as their ultimate goal, the military was very successful with this type of training. However, after the war, the consequent reduction of a constant need created obsolescence for the tachistoscopic training. With an official of the California State Department of Education, Dr. Heinsen and I explored the feasibility of a pifot research study to present a new application of the tachistoscopic tramm g. Our final project involved the development of an optometric program applicable to law enforcement personnel and suitable for possible incorporation by the department of education into a teaching manual. The manual would then be available to local law enforcement agencies C. ALEX PANTALEON!* Coordinator of Polic-e S·cience, Rio Hondo Junior College, Santa Fe Springs, Calif.

M r. P an taleoni recei ced his Bachelo r of A rts t11l d

Maste r of S ci ence degrees from California Sta t e College and has done additional gradu at e work nt U.C .L.A. and the Unive rsity of Washington. 9 �which would be able to conduct their own local program. The necessary funds for the pr oj ect were made possible by a contract grant from the department of education to the California Optometric Association to develop and prepare a teaching syllabus that included equipment, supplies, and training aids. Early in the development of the program, it became increasingly evident that at least one complete course would have to be offered prior to completion of a syllabus worthy of distribution. Accordingly, the Rio Hondo Junior College participated in a National Defense Education Act grant which provided matching funds for the cost of initiating this type of pilot program. Three-Part Program The theor y of vision was the first a rea wherein the optometrist could apply already established and known training procedures. Already in use and available for application to this program was a basic slide series prepared by Dr. Ralph Schrock of Chula Vista. This excellent slide series was used in the beginning phases of train. ing with the tach istoscope. The use of symbols, such as numbers, letters, and geometric configurations, applies training techniques similar to those currently used in speedreading. This method begins by h aving the students view one digit for a fraction of a second and thereafter three, four, five, and more digits. This allows the students to develop their perception and " after-image recall" so that they perceive more in a given time period. As a second step, the motivation fo r police officer personnel required the use of numerous law enforcement "s~enes," which were prepared in cooperation with the Los Angeles P olice Department and the Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department. As a one-man patrol unit, an officer remains extremely busy while driving 25 miles an h our on routine patrol, operating his radio, and referring to a list of stolen cars. When he passes an alley, he has but a fraction of a second to glance down it and determine whether any police action is needed. Frequently, he is already past the alley at the time of his mental reconstruction of the perceptual "after image." T his was only one of the many areas that were developed to orient the program toward law enforcement. Students in the program use p eriph e ral s timulators to increase more accurate fi xa tions. The initial phase of letters and numbers rendered itself very naturally to the speedy identification and recognition of license plate numbers. After the initial slide series, numerous license plates were flashed on the screen and, thereafter, pictures of autom obiles were placed on the screen to simulate various driving conditions which might be encountered by the patrol officer. The third phase involved actual eye training, using specialized equipment developed by Dr . Schrock in cooperation with the Keystone View Co. The first pilot program was ready and offered on a test basis in the spring semester of 1965 at Rio Hondo Junior College. The course was designed to cover 30 h ours on the basis of a 2-hour class twice a week. However , the initial pilot course was for 34, h ours, with the additional h ours at the beginning a nd end devoted completely to testing. T his comprehensive testing si:rved to properly evaluate the total project and was not merely a part of the traihing program. T esting With a Control Group Twenty-six students from 14 different law enforcement agencies started the program. A group of 25 officers from the Los Angeles P olice Department's cadet class was chosen as the control group. Accordingly, both groups were tested with tachistoscopic slides and a series of timed tests developed by the Califo rnia Test Bureau. The parts of the multiple aptitude tests that were used were : ( 1 ) Factor II: P erceptual Speed: Test 3-Language Usage. Test 4--Routine Clerical Facility. (2) F actor IV : Spatial Visualization. Test 8-Spatial Relations, two dimension. Test 9- Spatial Relations, three dimension. FBI Law Enforcemen t Bulleti n �The group scheduled to undergo the training was further tested for peripheral vision and possible vision deficiencies. Two of the students needed glasses, but they were allowed to continue the program and their improvement was measured accordingly. Because of its initial testing and its research problems, the pilot course was conducted by local optometrists, Dr. Homer Hendrickson and Dr. Luprelle Williams. These two optometrists studied , reevaluated, and rewrote the course as it progressed. In short, the course consisted of three basic phases for each session. The first phase involved vision theory, which explained the functions of vision memory and the various structures which permit vision . The second phase of instruction revolved around tachistoscopic training, using the basic law enforcement slide series. The third pha3e involved actual exercise and development of vision skills throu gh use of optometric equipment developed by Keystone Co. The vision science kits included stereoscopes, plus and minus lenses, peripheral stimulators, and chiro-3copic drawings as well as manuals on their use. Two students used a kit on a "coach-buddy" system. It should be noted that the kits cost $125 each and refill consumable supplies for each kit cost $25. At the completion of the course, both gro ups we re again tested. Comparison of the two sets of tests provided an evaluative basis inasmuch as the Los Angeles P olice Department cadets had been given no specialized visual training. The results were evalu ated by Dr. Melvin H. Dunn , an analytical psychologist and chairman of special services education at the University of Nevada, Reno, Nev. His complete report confirms that there was a high degree of improvement on the part of the trainin g program g ro up. Definite improvement was achieved in speed and adjustment of July 1967 <· .s; .t. .r. ·> ¢:- ~ ¢ -~

!,~

h','I ' S \tf!tJ&. \\'t.S!tOS ., Students improve the visual ability of their eyes to converge accurately and quickly at various distances. fo cus, span of perception, and "afterimage recall." In addition , Dr. Dunn's report indicates the training was more beneficial for yo unger students than it was for older students. There also appeared to be a correlation between I.Q. and vision ability. The self-evaluation reports prepared by the sudents indicated certain unexpected benefits. One student stated he was an avid golfer and that the course had taken five or six strokes off hi s handicap because he was able to judge distances more accurately. Another student who played in a semiprofessional softball league indicated his batting average had improved over 20 percent. Additional Studies Followup 3tudies made 6 months later indicated a reduction in proficiency. The optometrists felt that this loss could be reduced to a negligible percentage if the trained officers were assigned to patrol functions exclusively after their training. This procedure might help the officers maintain their acuity through prac- tice. The expected net result of the officer's maintenance of his improved visual acuity is the reality of a "foureyed" one-man patrol unit. The coune, taught by Dr. Williams, was again offered by the college in the spring of 1966, at which time several preservice police science students were also enrolled. The improvement noted after the course was very similar to that in the pilot pro gram; however, the improvement was much greater in the younger students between the ages of 19 and 22, thereby suggesting that this training be conducted for recruits rather than for older officers. The college is offering the course again this year. The California State Department ·o f Education is proceedin g with the production of the teaching syllabus as well as conducting programs throughout the State. Dr. Williams is most satisfied with the results of the program and feels very strongly that this course can be presented throughout the country if it is taught by an optometrist who is familiar with the program. Rio Hondo Junior College has added this course to its vast police curriculum. 11 �A Public Safety Cruiser l WARREN DODSON Th e A bilene sa fety cruisers have the necessary equipment for any emergency. Chief of Police, Abilene, Tex. Abilene to the public safety cruiser which was inaugurated in February of 1963. Since then its sound in emergency situations has become a source of comfort and solace to many of Abilene's citizens. Purpose of Cruiser "D ogs were once content to howl at train whistles, fire trucks, and Civil Defense sirens. Now they have another electronic tormentor. It's the 'yelper' on the Abilene Police Department's new public safety cruiser. Every time the powerful wagon roars off to the scene of a bad wreck or other emergency, the dogs join in the chorus." This excerpt from an article which appeared in the Abilene Reporter News shows the immediate reaction of 12 FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin Capable of performing a multitude of tasks relating to public welfare and safety, our public safety cruiser is a multipurpose police unit designed and equipped to render service and protection for citizens while aiding in the enforcement of laws. As a police unit, public safety officers are responsible for the enforcement of all laws of the State of Texas and the city of Abilene. They respond to all calls of the police dispatcher just as any other police unit. The safety cruiser is assigned to a district to patrol with due regard for the enforcement of all laws including those pertaining specifically to traffic. However, as a specialty unit, it is not assigned to investigate traffic accidents, handle domestic problems, or transport prisoners. Likewise, it July 1967 is not required to respond to calls involving misdemeanors~ unless the call is an emergency. As a public safety unit, it responds to all major accidents where persons are injured for the purposes of rendering first aid, releasing trapped persons, and preventing fire. The cruiser responds to all calls of an emergency nature, such as drowning cases in which they use scuba diving equipment to dive, locate, and recover the victims and render what first aid is possible. When the fire department arrives on the scene with its equipment for dragging, etc., the public safety officers assist as directed by commanding officers of the fire or police department. The unit also responds to any call concerning unconscious or seriously injured people, _ like those suffering from heat exhaustion, strokes, poisoning, asphyxiation, electrical shock, or heart attack. The unit frees trapped persons and removes and destroys the explosive in cases involving an explosion or explosive material. Under normal circumstances, this unit does not respond to calls involving gunshot or knife wounds unless so directed and then op.ly to render what first aid is needed at the scene or to act as a backup unit. As a fire patrol unit, the . public safety cruiser responds to all fire alarms and upon arrival extinguishes all small fires that can be controlled with a hand extinguisher, if the fire department unit has not arrived. At all major fires, the public safety officers are under the immediate control of the fire department supervisors and carry out their orders immediately to the best of their abilities. While on patrol, our officers always watch for fire hazards and notify the fire department of any encountered. The public safety cruiser never, under any circumstances, operates as an ambulance. However, in many cases the assistance of the public safety officers is needed by the ambulance attendant. In such cases, one of our officers ( the cruiser is a two-man unit) will accompany the victim in the ambulance to the hospital and will render aid and assistance if necessary. The public safety cruiser is not a rescue unit per se, nor is it an ambulance, but it is basically a police 13 �unit fully equipped to handle all types of emergencies. Services Rendered "Send the safety cruiser" has become the most common request at the Abilene Police Department. In ali emergencies, both large and small, our citizens have come to rely on the se.rvices rendered by the cruiser. Many of the calls are humorous (such as, " My cat is caught in the air conditioner"), but others are tragic and often fraught with danger for our safety officers. Recently, on an attempted suicide -call, the person threatenino- suicide was located in a garage, . o H holding a razor to his wrist. . e refused to lay the razor down. One of the safety officers calmly talked to the disturbed person and grabbed the razor away from his wrist while the other officers assisted in restraining the individual. During the first 14 months, the cruiser made 740 emergency calls. Out of this total number of calls, emergency oxygen was administered to 83 people. Man y of these first calls involved life- or-death situations. \ Record of Service In the 3½ years that the cruiser has been in existence, we have a record of first aid bein g administered 983 times. The resuscitator has been used 294 times, the scuba diving equipment 9 times, and the fire extinguishers 79 times. The safety officers have administered a rtificial respiration 18 times and assisted in sav ing 20 persons wh o had attempted suicide. Th ey also performed ma ny min or services, such as in cases involvin g citizens who had locked themselves out of their cars or homes, fin gers ca uo-ht in a utomati c electri cal kitchen 0 appli ances, ca rs with dead batteri es, etc. 14 One phase of training given by our local physicians has come in handy a number of times-how to deliver a baby. Incidentally, the first baby delivered by our public safety officers was 1 year to the day from the time they began their duties. Since that time a number of Abilene's "young o-eneration" has arrived with the aso sistance of the safety officers. In one case the parents honored the officers by naming the new arrival after them. Last year, during the national scare that dolls shipped home to loved ones by servicemen in Vietnam might be booby trapped, these officers, who are thoroughly trained in the handling of explosives, checked more than 500 of these dolls. However, they found none containing explosives. SCUBA Gear The SCUBA diving gear ha.:5 been a real asset to our police department as well as to the public. In some cases, the public safety officers have retrieved discarded evidence from one of the three large lakes nea r Abilene. In cases involving a possible drownin O' rr one officer begins dressing for divinoen route to the scene and is 0 ready to don the underwater breathing apparatus when he arrives. In one such incident where a double drowning was reported at Lake For:t Phantom Hill, both bodies were recovered within 5 minutes after our cruiser arrived at the scene of the emergency. While the diver goes into the water, his partner maintains the safety line and has the resuscitator read y to administer oxygen when th e victims are located. The most co mmon treatment given by the offi cers is to apply a medical swab to a cut or laceration a nd an anti septic bandage while awaitin g the ambulance at the scene. They apply an air splint to broken limbs q uite often also. Thi s p rocedure is of grea t assistan ce to the hospital because it allows them to make an X-ray without removing the splint. Emergency Procedure Since it stays in-service at all times, the cruiser seldom is preceded to the scene of an emergency by an ambulance. Because it is on call for emergencies, both officers are never out of the cruiser at once except at the scene of an emergency. This policy is also true in cases where the public safety officer is writing a traffic citation. If, in an y case, the officers have to be out of the car at the same time, they are able to switch their radio to a public address system which enables them to hear all calls from the dispatcher. After making an emergency run , they call the station and are switched onto a dictating machine to record a report of their run. This is then typed by a clerk typist and placed in a file. Conception of th e Unit We conceived the idea for a public safety unit after the drowning of two youths in a creek which flows th ro ugh Abilene's city limits. We were the first called to the scene of this tragic occurrence, but when the drownings were established, the fire department with their boats and rescue equipment had to be called because we did not have the necessary training or prope r eq ui pment to retrieve the victims. A short time a fter this, on a dark rainy night, an a utomobile crashed into a utility pole causing a high voltage line to come p recariously close to the vehicle. There was some diffi culty getting the occupa nts of the car to remain in the car until the utility co mpany co uld be summoned to remove the live wire. The many spectators who were attracted to this incident were in jeopardy of coming in FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin �The unit' s portable oxygen kit has b een used to save several lives. contact with the high voltage wire which hung close to the gro und . Some of these individuals stooped t o go under this wire before ou r officers at the scene could move them back to a safe distance. After this tragic incident and near catastrophic occurrence, we began to plan and resea rch for a police unit which wo uld be trained to cope with all types of emergency and rescue work. After discussing our ideas abo ut the safe ty unit, we assigned senior staff officer Capt. L. A. Martin to head the planning a nd research. We contacted the director of civil defense and obtained hi s opinion as to what type of emergency gear would be needed to eq uip the unit. Next, we called the fi re chi ef for con sultation and considered his recommendations. Then we invited the local chapter of the Ameri can Red Cross to assist in the train ing of each officer assigned to the safety unit in advanced first aid co urses. We contacted the local medical society, and they agreed to appoint a committee to serve in an advisory July 1967 capacity as well as. to assist m the training of the officer s. After months of a rdent research , the plans were fin ally fo rmulated and presented to the city governmen t. They were hesistant at fi rst to approve such a project mainl y beca use of the expense of such a unit. However, when they were presented all the fac ts of the value of its services, they gave us the authority to proceed wi th our plans. After m uch consideration , we chose a fo ur -doo r stati on wagon as the vehicle for th is unit. I ts equipment included spotlights, large revolving red lights, a nd an electronic siren and public address system to iden tify it as an emergency vehicle. Selection and Training of P e rsonnel The men operating and maintaining the public safe ty cruiser are all vo lunteers carefull y screened on the basis of their experience, aptitu de, a nd mental and ph ysical abilities. A committee comp osed of train ing office rs fr om both the fi re and police departments, plus the city's personnel director and assistant city manager, screens the volunteers before they receive joint approval by the chiefs ·of both departments. The fire department conducted the initial training of the pu'blic safety officers over a 3-week period. This training covered such basic firefi ghting techniques and subj ects as: small structure fires, ladder and aerial work, elements and causes of fires the duties of fire hosemen, fire re: sponse and attack, rescue and carries, safety techniques, the use of a gas mask, ventilation of a fire, and fire hazards. Experienced fire department training officers personally conducted or supervised these training sessions and exercises. The second phase of training included a 1-week session in high-risk rescue work at Texas A. & M. College. Thi s second step included " hotwire" handling and first aid through the advanced level, along with instructions in the use of such life-saving appa ratuses as resuscitators, oxygen equipment, cutting torches, etc. Additional trainin g included defen sive d riving, scuba di ving, explosives handling, and radiological monito ring. The Taylor-Jones Count y Medical Society fu rn ished the physicians who trained our officers in such techniq ues as how t o deliver a baby during emergency conditions and other emergency aid that could be rende red at the accide nt scene. Thi s extensive emergency tra ining, plus the past experience and training that normally is retained by vetera n poli ce officers, full y prepared our p ublic safety offi cers to cope with any emergency that might arise. · Ve hicle and Equipment As mentioned above, the p ublic safe ty cruiser is a n up-to-da te station wago n eq uipped with radi os on both 15 �police and fire department frequen- has run approximately $30 per month cies, emergency lights and sirens, res- in keeping it equipped. cue and first aid equipment, and firefighting extinguishers and tools. Evaluation A partial list of the cruiser equipment includes: fire extinguishers, There seemed to be some skepticism ( dry, CO 2 , and water) , fireman boots, at the start as to the true value of such helmets, bunker coats, gloves, safe- a unit as the public safety cruiser. It ty goggles, gas masks, completely had only been in service a few days equipped toolbox, axe, sledge ham- when the public began to recognize its mer, disposable blankets, army blan- worth. One lady wrote our department and kets, ropes, _block and tackle, large, co~pletely equipped first aid kit (in- the Abilene Reporter News the followcluding splints, medicold compresses, ing letter after her husband had been etc.), Porto-Power kit, frogman suit aided by our public safety officers : and scuba equipment, lanterns, hot " He is alive today due to the excellent stick (for handling high voltage service rendered by your safety wire), stretcher, Scott resuscitator, cruiser and its men. My husband Scott air pack (for use in building had an acute attack o-f allergy, to the filled with smoke, etc.) , battery jump point of death. He collapsed from cables, tools for entering locked ve- lack of oxygen and at one time comhicles, various types of saws, and pletelr: stopped breathing. Officer other tools to cover any type of emer- Bill Paul, our neighbor, rendered first gency situation. When the unit aid and called the cruiser. makes an emergency run and the offi"We are grateful to the Abilene Pocers have no tool to cover the particu- lice Department and its men for the lar type of situation, they immediately service rendered. Words seem inadeadd that tool. The initial total cost quate when you are trying to thank for equipping the cruiser ran close to someone for saving your mate's life." $3,000. The average cost of supplies We have received numerous similar letters of thanks and appreciation from citizens. Public acceptance of the safety cruiser grew until it was necessary for us to add a second unit in July of 1965. Even physicians now tell their heart patients and others who may need emergency aid to call the safety cruiser prior to calling them. Not only do our public safety officers feel a keen sense of pride in being able to serve humanity in this capacity, but the citizens of Abilene are very proud of our cruiser and the men who operate it. We feel that it has done more for the benefit of public relations than any other thing that the department has ever undertaken. One of the big selling points that we used in getting our cruiser approved was, " If one life is saved, it will he well worth all the expense." Well, the public safety cruiser has more than proved its worth. This is attested to by many local physicians, families who have been assisted, and three Red Cross Life Saving Awards earned by the men who operate Abilene's public safety cruiser. AMERICAN POLICEMAN Chief Inspector of Constabulary lists 58 awards for gallantry to British policemen ranging in rank from constable to inspector. Two of them are posthumous. Five civilians who assisted the police are also on the list. Armed with a whistle, a wooden truncheon, a pair of handcuffs, and, if available, a personal radio, the British policeman performs the same duties as his American counterpart. I formed the impression that, although he may be as young as 19, a great deal of his success is based on his almost amazing personal dignity when on duty. Most of the policemen I came in contact with were more than deserving of the English term of ap. "He,s a proper Copper." pro bat10n, 1 ( Continued from page 6) A police employee explains lo Lieutenant Mitchell her department's records and flling system . FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin �Let the bank robber b eware! More and more his criminal acts are b e ing w atched by a sile nt witness-the hidden cameraw hich re cords the infallible truth. Washington area. These identifications supported prior investigation by FBI Agents who had developed the man as a suspect. He was arrested and charged with bank robbery. The value of a strategically placed camera and resulting publicity of suspects ia illustrated by another incident in which a subject was caught on camera in the act of committing a bank robbery. In this incident a youth entered the National Savings & Trust Co. in the District of Columbia on January 4-, 1967, at which time he took an estimated $6,000. The picture taken by a hidden camera during the robbery showed a man wearing glasses, with his hand partially covering a pistol, at a teller's window. The suspect in the photograph released to newspapers by the FBI was recognized by a local police officer. He notified police investigators who arrested the youth . Just in Time I n identifying bank robbers, many times a picture . is worth a th o usand descriptio ns-espec ia ll y if th e ph otograph catches the bandi t com mittin g the robbery. Abo ut 6 :45 p.m. , December 6, 1966, three armed men, all wearin g sun glasses, ente red a branch of the So uth ern Maryland Bank and Trust Co. a t Oxo n Hill, Md. , a nd ordered two ma le tellers to th e rear of th e bank. One of the robbers ha nded a la undry-t ype bag lo the fema le tell er and ordered her to J)UL al/ the money from the cash drawer into th e ba~. Then the robbers fled. Total amount of mone y taken was $1,659. The bank is equipped with a co ncealed camera whi ch runs continu ously during bankin g hours a nd takes photographs at r eg ular inter vals. T he July 1967 film in th e camera was processed by the FBI. Three frames contained photogra p hs of the per so ns in volved in the r obber y, one of which was a good clear picture of the fa ce of one of the ro bber s. He was wearing a special police offi cer 's uniform, including a b adge a nd cap. Th e ph otograph and p ertinent information co ncerning the robber y were pr epar ed by the FBI and r eleased to all maj or newspapers in th e Washin gton, D.C. area for p ublication in t he hope o f sec ur in g a n ide 11Lification . Several calls were recei ved fr om citizens who sa id they could p ositively id entify the s ub ject of the ph oto g raph. He was s ub sequen tl y identi fied by th ree people as a n ind ividu al who had pr evio usly worked in th e In one instance, a camera had been installed only the day before the robbery, when shortl y before noon a masked bandit, accompanied by a teenage female, entered a banking institution in Cleveland , Ohio. Brandishing a small h and weapon, the masked man warned bank employees that this wa.;; a stickup and to stand back. Stationing himself in front of a teller's window, he waited while his accomplice calml y proceeded to empt y the money fr om the teller's cash dra we r into a b row n paper bag . One of the b ank tellers had observed Lhe m a sked bandit e nle r the bunk and had immediately tripped a silent alarm which also set a hidden movie camera into motion. T wo minutes after the bandits had fled wi th $2 ,,372, detecti ves fro m th e Cleveland Police Department arri ved at the b an k and rushed the film for 17 �immediate processin g. FBI Agents dispatched to the scene commenced immediate investigation. Still prints of the film taken during the robbery were distributed to police officers, FBI Agents, surrounding police dep·a rtments, and to newspapers. The film was rushed to TV stations and given nationwide coverage. The youthful b ank robber turned himself in to police the foll owing day. He told police he h ad gone to Indiana by bu:, after the robbery, but when he realized the robbery film was being shown on TV, he had decided to return to Cleveland and surrender. "Where can you go when you're on TV all the time !" was the remark he made to detectives and FBI Agents. The girl was arrested the following day when her whereabouts was made known to police by an anonymous telephone call. The man was sentenced to a term of 10 to 25 years in the State penitentiary. The girl was. placed on probation fo r 2 years. Joe Meador, caught by a hidden camera , wa s convicted on charges of robbing a bank of more than $30,000. Ne rv ous Robbe r Another bank robber, an 18-yearold youth, robbed the Citizens & Southern Emory Bank, Decatur, Ga. Holding a sawed-off shotgun, he herded 18 persons into the open space of the bank lobby, then ordered the tellers to put the money in a green paper bag he was carrying. , He showed extreme nervo usness and at one time was heard to remark, " I swear to God, I'm scared to death ." He obtained $19,475 and escaped in a stolen car. The bank manager in an office ad joining the lobby, seeing this acti on, set off the silent bank ala rm which also activated the bank's two hidden cameras. Ten clear photographs of the robber were taken during the course of the robbery. These were released to all available news media and dis18 ' . Jo e Meador photographed following h is arrest. pl ayed thro ughout the Nation. The robber was identified as Stephen P atrick Wilkie by a tenant of a home where the robber had been livin g for several months; but he, in the meantime, was traveling all over the co untr y living a life of luxur y on th e money he had stolen. When a phone call to his hometown revealed that he was wa nted by the FBI fo r b ank ro bber y, he surrendered to Specia l Agents in San Francisco. He was sentenced to 10 yea rs fr1 the custody of the Attorney General. In another ro bbery two bro th ers armed with h andguns entered an Indiana bank and forced the manager to fi ll a cloth bag with money fro m the vault and the tellers' cashboxes. After obtaining $30,845, one of the brothers r ipped two sequence cameras from the wall of the bank and took them along when they fled from the scene. Apparently they had no objections to being photographed during the robbery, but they made sure the film co uld not be developed after they left. During the ensuing investigation, one of the bank tellers told FBI FBI Law EnforcelT! ent Bull etin �Agents that she recognized one of the robbers as having b een in the bank some 6 weeks previously to cash a check. With the cooperation of the bank officials, FBI Agents assisted the teller in the task that lay before her in effecting an identification. Sequence camera films for the preceding 6 weeks were developed and shown to the teller. F or several h ours each day fo r 11 days, she sat with FBI Agents reviewing the frames, until one day, after having viewed some 20,000 frames, she picked up the frame identifying the robber- the man who h ad entered the bank almost 6 weeks before the robbery. N umerous prints of this photograph were made and circulated iby the FBI to various sources. T hree days after the photograph was first obtained, a trusty of a local county jail identified the bank robber as Joe Wayne Meador. With h is identification, the brother , Ratline Meador, was fo und to answer the description of the other robber. Green Thuml1 Both men denied guilt of the rob bery, stating they had been planting tobacco on the far m of a relative at the time. T his in fo rmation was checked out, but apparently tobacco was not the only thing they had planted. After many hours of backbreaking digging, FBI Agents unearthed a 25-pound la rd can which had been b uried some 15 inches under a stable. Inside the lard can was a plastic container ; inside the plastic container was a styr ofoa m ice bucket ; and inside the bucket was $ 11,000 completely saturated with talcum powder. Confronted with the buried treasure, the brothers accompanied FBI Agents to another location where a simi lar lard can was buried containing a nother bucket a nd $11,487 comJuly 1967 pletely saturated with talcum powder. The brothers explained that the talcum powder served as a dehydrating agent for the preservation of the buried money. FBI Agents and SCUBA divers located the cameras in a deep creek running through a heavily wooded area in the geileral vicinity of the bank. Although t he cameras had been completely submerged for almost a month, it was possible t o develop 1½ frames on the exp osed film which clearly showed one of the victim tellers with hands upraised a nd one of the brothers standing nearby. The two brothers were each sentenced to 10 years' imprisonment. pictures or show them on television which requires pictures of good quality if results are to be achieved from such investigative procedures. Experience in the FBI with pictures provided by numerous bank camera installations have led to the following conclusions with respect to these installations: 1. Cameras of 35 mm. or larger negative size will produce better results than cameras of smaller negative size. 2. A sequence camera is preferable to · a movie camera. This kind of camera will produce a series of still photographs tha t will ordinarily be of higher quality for identification purposes and will also record the action. 3. Camera (s) (more than one if necessary) ( Continued on page 24) Camera Scores Again Another y<mth , Albert Earl Ehrenberg, recognized from a photograph taken at the time of the holdup and publicize2d in a widely read daily newspaper, was convicted for the robbery of the Colonial National Bank of Alexandria, Va., fo r which he received a sentence of 15 years' imprisonment. He was also charged with the robberies of banks in Maryland and the District of Columbia, bul in view of the substa ntial sent_e nce given him for the Alexandria robber y, these other two cha rges were dismissed. More a nd more banks are installing cameras as a means to reduce their vulnerability to marauding bank robbers. Certainly, the results achieved in many cases in which robbers have been ca ught on film while committing the crime are encouraging and indi ca te the value of this technique. If, however, a camera installation in a bank is to be of maximum usefu Iness, certain technical factors should be considered. The photographs produced by a concealed ca mera must be of good enough quality fo r identification of the personal fea tures of the bank robber. It is frequently desirable to publish such Albert Earl Ehrenberg photographed during the robbery of a Maryland bank. Ehre n be rg following h is a rrest on ba nk robbe ry cha rges. 19 �- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - ~- SEARCH OF VEHICLES · (Continu ed from page 8) the arrest and he answered that the vehicle was his. Weed surrendered the keys to the car after being told by the officers that they could get a search warrant if necessary. The latter circum stance, coupled with the fact that the defendant relinquished the keys while in custody and " during a period of dramatic excitement of drawn guns," led the court to conclude that the alleged consent was not " freely and intelligently given." Compare, U.S. v. Kuntz, - F. Supp. - (Northern Di strict of New York, March 17, 1967 ) ( uph olding co nsent search at a roadblock manned by an offi cer armed with a shotgun ) . As a general rule, the courts tend to question the competence and voluntariness of consent given b y a subj ect who denies guilt, particularly where it is apparent that incriminating evidence will be discovered. One appellate court rejected a waiver in this situation, stating that " no sane man who denies his guilt would actually be willing th at a poli ceman search his -roo m for contraband which i~ certain to be discovered. " Higgins v. U.S., 209 F. 2d 819 (1954) . See also, U.S . v. Gregory, 204 F. Supp . 884, aff'd 309 F. 2d 536 (1 962) , holding th at consent given under these circumstances is simply " not in accord with human experience." On the other hand, a confession of guilt which precedes a search tends to sup port the a uthentici ty of the consent. U.S . v. M itch ell, 322 U. S . 6 i 1944) ; U. S . v. S mith, 308 F. 2d 657, 663-64 ( 1964 ) ; U. S. v. Wa llace (d ictum ), siipra. See also, Stale v. Bindhamm er, 209 A. 2d 124 (N.J. 1965 ) . Also, where it appears t hat the person in custody consented prim arily in an effort " to shift culpability" to another, U.S. v. DeVivo, 190 F. Supp. 4,83 (1961 ), or to bluff his way th ro ugh a search on the mistaken be20 lief that the incriminating articles are too well concealed to be discovered, the courts have generally allowed the admission of such items into evidence. Grice v. U.S. , 146 F. 2d 849 (1945 ); contra, Smith v. U.S. , supra. A similar result was reached recently in a case where the subj ect delivered the keys to his vehicle in an attempt to " corrupt" a Federal agent into preventing the Government from obtaining pertinent evidence. In U.S. v. Hilbrich, 232 F. Supp. 111 (1964), aff'd, 34,1 F. 2d 555 (1965 ), the defendant was arrested by police officers shortly after he had robbed a savings and loan association. While being interviewed by an agent with whom he was acquainted, he gave his car keys to the agent and asked him as a "favor" to go to the automobile, which was parked a short distance from the scepe of the r obber y, and to " get rid of" two boxes of ammunition located in the trunk. A second agent used the keys and seized the ammunition . The defendant later advanced the rather novel argument that he had not in fact consented to the search since his only reason in surrendering the keys was to prevent the Government from getting the evidence. The appellate court, however, rejected this contention, stating that in the absence of an y showing of coercion, the motion to suppress the evidence was properl y denied. The defendant's argument here was not without merit, i.e. , that permission to enter the vehicle was extended for the sole and limited purpose of di po in g of the evidence and t hat, once this auth ority was exceeded, the consent, which has sometimes been viewed as an agency relationship, was terminated. But since it is also clea r that Hi lbri ch made no effort to with draw his co nsent even after the agent unequivocall y info r med him that he could not comply with the request, the result in this case seems a proper one. It is worth repeating at this point, - --~ - however, that whenever the conditions permit, as would appear to have been the case here, an officer should endeavor to obtain a warrant. Although the practicability of doing so does not have a bearing on the legality of the consent search, evidence which has been obtained in the execution of a proper search warrant is always received more favorably by the courts than that which has b een secured through a claimed waiver of rights. B. Clear Expression of Consen t Aside from consideration of duress or coercion, consent cannot validly be obtained unless it is expressed in a n explicit and unequivocal manner b y the person whose property is to be searched. _U.S. v. Fowler, 17 F.R.D. 499 ( 1955 ) ; Karwicki v. U.S., 55 F. 2d 225 (1932 ) . Where the consenting words are such that they do not show a clear and unmistakable intent to waive one's constitutional right to refuse a warrantless search, the evidence so obtained will be inadmissible. R ay v. U.S ., 84, F . 2d 654 (1936). But as a general r ule, the express language used by a susp ect is merely a factor to be considered , among others, in determining the voluntariness of t he consent. As one appellate court stated: " .. . a waiver cannot be conclusively presumed from verbal expression of assent. The court must determine from all the circumstances whether the verbal assent reflected an understanding, uncoerced, and unequ ivocal election to gr ant t he offi ers a license which the person knows may be freely and effectively withheld," Cipres v. U.S ., 343 F . 2d 95, 97 ( 1965). Thus, while t he party may resp ond with words indicating consent, they do not constitute a valid waiver when the surro unding circumstances fail to support the voluntar y use of such words. Accordingl y, consent searches have been invalidated in FBI Law Enforc eme nt Bull etin �'- some cases notwithstanding such remarks as, " I have no stuff in my apartment and you are welcome to go search the whole place," Channel v. U.S., 285 F. 2d 217 ( 1960), or, " I have nothing to hide, you can go there and see for yourself." Judd v. U.S. , 190 F. 2d 649 (1951 ) . See, 79 C.J.S., Searches and Seizures, n. 89, sec. 62, for further examples. In Application of Tomich, 221 F. Supp. 500 (1963), aff'd 332 F. 2d 987 (1964), the defendant was arrested for a traffic violation. When asked b y the offi cers for permission to search his car , Tomich replied that " he didn't mind," ·b ut stated that he did not have a key to unlock the trunk ; in fact, he had the key hidden in his shoe. Eventually, the police were able to gain entrance into the trunk by having a key made a t a local garage. Tool s and a p air of shoes linkin g Tomich to a burglary were found in t he trunk of the vehicle and were later used in evidence against him. In a subsequent habeas corpus proceeding, a Federal district court rejected the Sta te's contention th at valid consent had been obtained, stating: "At all times when he was allegedly consen ting to the search, he had in his possession , hidden in his shoe, the key to the trunk. If he trul y consented to the search, he wo uld have delivered up the ke y to the officers and saved them all the troub le they went to to get into the trunk of the car." Id. at 503. The difficulty with this reasoning i that the officers in this case had no way of knowing that the subject was in possession of the key. Had his overt conduct reasonably indicated that he did n ot in fact wish to cooperate, the police would not have been justi fi ed in relyin g on his expressed con sent. But to all outward appeara nces the defendant in this case kn owingly and voluntarily relinquished hi s right to insist upon a warrant. It wo uld seem that if the police are to kn ow with an y ce rtainty when a proper July 1967 waiver of fourth amendment ri<Yhts 0 has been made, they should be permitted to rel y on the open and expressed conduct of the suspect, without regard for the possibility of pretense. Carried to the extreme Tomich could open the way fot ~ criminal suspect to insure the inadmissibility of ph ysical evidence, which might otherwise be acquired by an alternative method , by professing cooperation at the scene and later refuting his alleged consent, pointing out that he had in fact withheld the keys to the vehicle or in some other manner had not full y assisted the police. See e.g., Burge v. U.S., 332 F. 2d 171 ( 1964) , in which the defendant apparently feigned consent as "a determined strategy" to a later claim of ill egality on the part of the officers. In some cases, permission to search has been fo_und by the courts in the absence of consenting words by the suspect, where it appeared that the party had indicated a willingness to cooperate or had rendered some affirmati ve assistance to the officers. Where the defendant readily tendered th e keys to his vehicle upon request, Robinson v. U.S., 325 F. 2d 880 ( 1963), or, without obj ecti on, opened the trunk a nd surrendered porn ograp hic ma teri als_to investigating offi cers, Burge v. U.S. , 332 F. 2d 171 ( 1964) , such conduct has been viewed as convincing evid ence of consent. See also, Smith v. U.S., 308 F . 2d 657 (1962 I (dictum ) , cert. denied, 3 72 U.S. 906 (1963 1 (co nsent fo und where t he defend ant, while under a rrest for possession of narco tics, led officers to a nearby apar tment a nd prod uced a suitcase con tainin g heroin) ; U.S. v. Macleod, 207 F. 2d 853 ( 1953) (dictum) ( following his arrest, the defendant cut th e lock off a chest conta inin g in crimina tin g evidence and , without suggestio n from the agents, went into the bedroom and carri ed out a hand printing press) . C. Kn owing and Intelligent Waiver of Rights The courts have long required that consent to search be a " deliberate relinquishment of a known right," U.S. v. Alberti, 120 F. Supp. 478 (1959) , and that such consent be " intelligently" given. U.S. v. Smith, 308 F. 2d 657, cert. denied, 372 U.S. 906 ( 1963 ) . As a general rule, however, there need not be an affirmative showing that the consenting party was advised of his fourth amendment right to prevent a search without a warrant. Although a failure to warn has sometimes been persuasive on the issue of coercion, that factor alone has not been sufficient to invalidate the search. U.S. V. Paradise, 253 F . 2d 319 (1958) . Rather, the practice has been to establish whether, in view of the circumstances as a whole, the waiver of fourth amendment rights was voluntary and intelligent. Tatum v. U.S. , 321 F. 2d 219 ( 1963 ) ; Channel v. U.S. , 285 F. 2d 217 (1960) . In making thi s determinati on, the courts have been influenced by the suspect's " marked intelligence and mental alertness," U.S. v. Haa s, 106 F . Supp. 295 (1952) , or the fa ct that the consenting parties were "sophisticated businessmen of many years experience." U.S. v. Martin, 176 F. Supp. 262 (1954); In re White, 98 F. Supp. 895 (1951) . A history of previous arrests or " indicated kn owledge from previous search and seizure experience" may also show that the party was probably alert to his rights and to the consequences of a waiver at the time he allegedl y gave permission to search. Burge v. U.S., 332 F. 2d 171 (1964 ). Thu s, while upholding a consent search, one Federal court declared: "The amo unt of intimidation or fea r of the badge in a person with little knowledge of police officers or of legal proceedings would be much more acute and motivating than that of a man with 13 years of experience 21 �as an officer and investigator. It may be reasonably assumed that he was aware of all the consequences." Tatum V. U.S. , 321 F. 2d 219, 220 (1963 ) . By the same token, the government's burden of proving an intelligent and understanding waiver of rights is understandably difficult to sustain when the consenting party is illiterate or does not have a good understanding of the English language. U.S. v. Wai Lau, 211 F. Supp. 684 (1963) ; Kovach v. U.S. , 53 F. 2d 639 (1931 ); U.S. v. Ong Goon Sing, 149 F. Supp. 267 (1957). In a noticeable departure from the tra ditional approach, however, some courts have interpreted the requirement of a knowledgeable waiver to mean that, in the absence of other evidence that the suspect was aware of his fourth amendment rights, a formal warning by the police officer is a necessary prerequisite to consent. For example, in U.S. v. Blalock, 255 F. Supp. 268 (1966 ), the defendant was questioned in a motel roo m concerning his possible implicati on in a recent bank robber y. When asked whether he would min d if the agents sea rched the roo m, th e defendant replied that he had no obj ection. The search disclosed a q uantity of bait money taken during the robber y. On a moti on to suppress the evidence, the Federal district cour t stressed the need for an " intelligent" consent and restated the long-standing rule that one cann ot be said to waive a fun da mental right unless he knows the right ex ists. P ointing out that the "voluntariness" of the consent was not -in issue, the cour t stated : " [T ] he fourth amendment requires n o less know in g a waiver than do th e fi ft h and sixth. The req ui rement of knowledge in each serves th e same p urpose, i.e. , to prevent the possibility th at the · ignorant ma y surrend er their rights more read il y than th e shrewd ." See also U.S. v. Nikrasch, 367 F. 2d 740 (1966). Blalock expresses the grow ing tend- ency among the Federal courts to avoid resolving each case on its own set of facts where a waiver of constitutional rights is involved. By requiring an explicit warning of fourth amendment rights for all suspects, regardless of age, experience, or coercive influences, the court frees itself from the burden of deciding whether this particular defendant knew of his rights in the matter. This trend away from " particularism" in the law h as been most evident in the fifth amendment area where, as indicated earlier, the court previously weighed similar factors in establishing the voluntariness of confessions. In Miranda v. Arizona, however, the court rejected this approach , requiring that all persons in custod y be warned of their ri ght to remain silent prior to interrogation. Sin ce there are elements of self-incrimination 1n illegal searches, Boyd v. U.S ., 116 U.S. 616, 630 ( 1886) , it has been speculated that Miranda bears constituti onal implications for consent searches as well. See, Note, "C onsent Searches : A Reap praisal After Miranda ·v . A rizona.," 67 Colum. L. Rev. 130 ( 1967 ) . Whether advice of fourth amendment rights need be as comprehensive as Miranda requires, or whether the States would be bound by such a rule, is largely a -matter of conj ectu re at this point. But even assuming th at Miranda is relevant to fo urth amendment matter s, at best it would apply only where the consenting party is " in custod y o r oth er wise deprived of hi s freedom of action in any significant ,vay." Miranda v. A rizona, 384 U.S. 4,36, 444, (1966) . As noted earlier, however, it is in this type of situati on that consent searches a re mo t di ffi cult to sustain , the theory being t hat custod y itself creates a coercive atmosphere which makes it diffi cult for one to exercise free choice. Th us, while a technical reading of the law at this point may not req uire a warning in every instance, the better practice in situations of restraint or intimidation is to inform the consenting party that he has the right to insist upon a warrant. D. Consent by Third Parties As a general rule, the constitutional right to privacy is personal to the individual and cannot be waived by third parties. Stoner v. California, 376 U.S. 483 ( 1964 ) . Consequently, in the absence either of expressed or implied authorization to consent or a joint occupancy or ownership of the property to be searched, a valid waiver of the privilege against unreasonable searches and seizures can be given up only by the person himself. This limitation holds true, moreover , regardless of the personal or familial relationship which may exist between the consenting party a nd the person against whom the evidence is t o be used. The specific question of whether the wife's consent can validate a search against her husband rem ains unsettled in both the State and Federal law. See, Note, "The Effect of a Wife's Consent to Search and Seizure of the Husband's Property," 69 Dick. L. Rev. 69 (1964) . But judging from the existing law applicable to the search of fi xed premises, one ordinarily can assume that a spouse can give consent to the search of a motor vehicle which is valid as against the other, where they jointly own and utilize the a utomobile in q uestion. See, State v. Coolidge, 208 A. 2d 322 (N.H. 1965) ( wife's consent t o search famil y cars parked in yard upheld ) . See also, R oberts v. U.S ., 332 F. 2d 892 (1964), cert. denied, 380 U.S. 980 ; Stein v. U.S ., 166 F . 2d 851 (1948); U.S . v. Heine, 149 F. 2d 485 (194'5), cert. denied, 325 U.S. 885. In this type of situation, the wife's autho rity to permit a search comes from her right to joint possession of t he property to be searched an d not fr om the marital relati on per se. For example, in Dalton FBI Law Enforcement Bull etin �v. State, 105 N.E. 2d 509 (Ind. 1952), officers investigating a hit-and-run offense asked the wife for consent to search the suspect automobile, which was registered in h er name. The car, however, was paid for by the husband, who had sole control and possession of it. The wife had never driven the car. In view of her lack of possession, the • court held that the wife could not consent to a search of the car which was her husband's personal " effect," protected by the fourth amendment. However, if a specific area of the vehicle or a container in the automobile, such as luggage or a fo otlocker, is the exclusive property of the defendant, it is doubtful that a proper waiver can be obtained from a consenting spouse. See, e.g., State v. Evans, 372 P. 2d 365 (Hawaii 1962 ) (wife cannot consent to search of husband's cuff link case in dresser dra wer ) . The issue of interspousal consent was p resent in a case which came befo re the Supreme Court r ecently, but the Court disposed of the matter on other grounds. In Henry v. Mississippi, 379 U.S. 44 3 (1965 ) , the petitioner was convicted of disturbing the peace by making indecen t pro posals to and offensive contact with a hitchhiker to whom he allegedly gave a ride. The only evidence available to corroborate the complainant's charges was obtained by an allegedly unlawful search of the vehicle. The evidence tended to substantiate the complainant's stor y by sho wing its aocuracy in details which could only have been seen by one inside the car. Subsequent to the petitioner's arrest, an officer went to his home and obtained permission fr om the petitioner's wife to search the vehicle without a warrant. Despite the fact that under Mississippi law a wife could not give consent which waived the constitutio nal rights of her husband, the State Supreme Court affirmed the conviction on the ground that the petitioner's co unsel had fa iled to make a timely July 1967 obj ection to the introduction of the illegal evidence. In vacating the judgment and remanding it for a rehearing on the question of whether the noncomplianice with the procedural rules constituted a waiver, the Supreme Court noted: "Thus, consistently with the policy of avoiding premature decision on the merits of constitutional questions, we intimate no view whether the pertinent controlling federal standard governing the legality of a search and seizure, see Ker v. California, 374 U.S. 23, is the same as the Mississippi standard applied here, which holds that the wife's consent cann ot validate a search as against her husband." Id. at 449, fn. 6. Where a gratuitous bailment of a vehicle is concerned, one appellate court has taken the view ·t hat delivery of the a!}tomobile into the temporary custody of another represents an affirmative relinquishment of one's fourth amendment protection over such property. In Eldridge v. U.S., 302 F . 2d 4,63 ( 1962 ), the susp ect lent his automobile to a friend , Nethercott, who had requested permission to use the car to visit his daughter . The keys to the ignition and to the trunk were given to him. Actin g on information that there was a stolen rifle in the car, a nd after obse.r ving a rifle on the b ack seat, the p olice asked the friend for permission to examine the automobile. The trunk of the car was voluntarily opened by the friend, disclosing two stolen Govern men t radios which were immediately seized and turned over to Federal a uth orities. At his trial th e defen dant contended unsuccessfull y that the radios had been illegally seized , claiming t hat the pro tections of the fo urth amendment are personal to him and cannot be waived for him by the gratuitous ba ilee of the car . On review of the conviction, the Fourth Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that the articles seized from the a utomoL,ile were properly admitted in evi- dence. The court reasoned that the friend " was clothed with rightful possession and control and could do in respect to the automobile whatever was reasonable and not inconsistent with its entrustment to him. No restriction was imposed upon him except to return with the car by a certain hour. Although the defendant knew of th e presence of the stolen radios in the trunk, he apparently did not think it worthwhile to take the precaution of forbiddin g his bailee to open the trunk or permit anyone to look into it. He r eserved no exclusive right of privacy in respect to the trunk when he delivered the key. In respon'ding as he did to the police, Nethercott did not exceed the authority Eldridge had seemingly given him. Using the key to open the trunk was not an unwarranted exercise of dominion during the period of his permissive possession and use. Access to the trunk is a normal incident to the use of an automobile. And if, when he voluntarily opened the trunk, N ethercott did not exceed proper bounds because he had to that ex tent at least concurrent ri ghts therein with Eldridge, was the ensuin g search by the police unreasonable ? We think not." Id. at 466. A similar result was reached in Hamilton v. State of North Carolina, 260 F. Supp. 632 (1966 ), where a Federal district court ruled that petitioner's codefendant, who was in temporar y possession of the vehicle, had the capacity to consent. It has been argued in suppo rt of Eldridge that one who has lent his vehicle to another " seems affirmatively to be taking the risk that the third part y will show his belongings to others. Therefore, it is not unreasonable to conclude th at in these cases the suspect has impliedl y given the third pa rty a uth ority to waive his own personal right to privacy." Note, "Effec tive Consent to Search and Seizure," 113 U. P a. L. Rev. 260, 263 (1964 ) . But not all decisions are in agreement with thi s view, as evidenced by the holding in State v. Bernius, 203 N.E. 2d 24-1 (N.J. 1964). There the defenda nt lent his a utomo bile to a friend who was later arrested on a traffi c violation . When she was unable to ( Continued on inside back cover ) 23 �WANTED BY THE FBI bed rail to dig thro ugh the brick and mor tar enabling them to escape their confinement on July 5, 1965. Hemminger usually wears glasses and h as been employed as a factor y worker, laborer, and welder. He h as been convicted of bur glary. and larceny and has escaped custody on previous occasions. Description LAWREN CE ROBERT HEMM'INGER, also known as Larry Hemming er. Interstate Fligh t-Escape LAWREN.CE RoBERT HEMM INGER is being sought by the FBI for un la wful interstate fli ght to avoid prosecution for the crime of escape. A Federal warrant for his arrest was issued on July 8, 1965, at Springfield , Mo. In ·Camden County, Mo. , on September 16, 1964, Hemminger and two other individuals allegedly attempted to kill a Missouri State Highway P atrol trooper. They were arrested 10 days later and incarcerated at the Greene County Jail at Springfield, Mo ., to await trial on this charge. Over a period of several weeks, Hem min ger and three other men used a Age -- - ---- - ---- 37, born April 12, 1930, Sterlin g, Ill. Height - --- ------ 6 feet. Weight ------- -- 165 pounds. Build - ------- --- Slender . Hair ------ - --- - Brown, graying. Eyes - - --------- Blue. Com plexion __ ___ Medium. Race ________ ___ White. Nationality _____ _ America n. Occupations __ __ _ Factory worker, laborer, welder. Scars and marks_ P itted sca r between eyebrows, skin moles acro ss back and shoulders, scar on back of r ight ha nd a nd on right thumb, scars on sid e an d base of left th umb. Remarks ____ ____ Usually wears glasses. FBI No ---- ----- 752,904 B. Finger print classifi cation. 18 SILENT WITNESS ( Continu ed from. page 19) shou ld be placed in strategic locations, prefera bly over entran ce for best fa cial vie ws . 4. Li ghtin g is an importan t. ro nsideration in such install ati ons. Minor changes in li ghtin g will someti mes grea tly en· ha nce th e res ult s. An initia l tes t of equipm ent wi ll determ ine result s th at ca n be a nticipa ted. S. It is important to arra nµe to hav e a ny insta ll ation servicer! on a regul ar basis to make ce rta in film supp ly is fres h a nd tha t equi pmen t is fu nction in g properl y. Law enfo rcement sta nd s read y to shoulder its responsibility in reversing 24 the ri sing tide of bank ro bberies, but it needs help from the banking in stituti ons themselves, fr om news media, and from the courts which must deal realistically with those who are fo und guilty. Experience shows that time-pro ven deterrents to crime are sure detecti on , swift apprehension, and pro per punishment. As a deterrent, t he latter is by fa r the most important ; however, its news va lue is co nsiderably lower. Co nseq uentl y, ro bbers and potential rob bers see an d hear a lot ab out se nsa ti ona l ba nk hold-u ps but may never kn ow of the puni shm ent invoked when the perpetrators are caug ht. 0 0 31 W MOO 21 20 W MOI Ref : 31 24 Ca ution Hemminger may be armed and should be considered dangero us. Notify the FBI Any person having information which might assist in locating this fu gitive is requested t o immediately notify t he Director of the Federal Burea u of Investigation , U.S. Depa rtment of J ustice, Washington, D.C. 20535, or the Special Agent in Charge of the nearest FBI field offi ce, the telephone number of which appears on the fi rs t page of most local d irectories. FBI Law Enforc em ent Bull etin �Tribute to Peace Officers The following is a statem ent by FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover concerning Peace Officers Memorial Day and Police Week which was addressed to t he 79th Session of the FBI National Academy on May 15 , 1967. GENTLEMEN : This day has a special meaning for all of us. Nearly 5 years ago, the President of the United States signed the public law which authorizes and requests him to issue annual proclamations designating May 15th of each year as P eace Officers Memorial Day. The purpose of ceremonies and activities prop osed for the occasion is to honor those officers who have been killed or disabled in line of duty. The law also authorizes and requests a presidential proclamation each year designating the week in which May 15th occurs as P olice Week. Now, when the rate of crime con - tinues to ascend, our mutual friends and colleagues on the firing line face an increasingly danp;erous and aggressive army of criminals. Some bear on their bodies everlasting reminders of the intense struggle in which we are engaged- indeed, there may be those a mong you who carry such scars. Others, less fortu nate, are tied to wheelchairs or bound in utter helplessness to their hospital beds. Still others- and some were known to each of us- will never again awaken to a spring m orning. We pause today to honor those men in la w enfo rcement whose commit- SEARCH- OF V EHICLES owner is, as against such owner, prounreasonable hibited . . . as an search." Id. at 243. A somewhat different situation is involved if the bailment is for hire as, for example, where the defendant places his automobile in the custody of a parking lot attendant. In this case it is do ubtful that the bailee can waive the defendant's rights. But see, Casey v. U.S., 191 F. 2d 1 (1951 ) (h olding the defendant, who failed to cl aim ownership or interest in articles seized fr om vehicle, lost immunity from search and seizure when he placed garage in possession of his automobile). As a general rule, when con trol over the propert y is limited to tempora ry custody for storage purposes with rights of access expressly or impliedly denied, the co urts hold that t he custodian lacks sufficient capacity to consent. Co rngold v. U. S ., 367 F. 2d 1 ( 1966); Holzhey v. U.S ., (Continued from page 23) give a satisfactory account of her possession of the automobile, she was taken into custody and the car was removed to a local p olice lot. While being detained at the station, the friend gave the keys to the car to the police who searched the trunk and fo und incri min atin g evidence which subsequentl y was used to convict the defendant. In reversing the conviction, t he New Jersey State Supreme Court refu sed to accept the implied authorization theory which h ad infl uenced the holding in Eldridge. Instead, the court ruled tha t "where the owner of an a utomobile entrusts the possession and control thereof to another, a search thereof with the consent of the one so entrusted but without a warrant and without the express consent authorization of such ment was complete and whose sacrifice was total. What kind of monument can we erect to keep alive the memory of such men? What memorial can we raise to their courage, their dedication, and their sacrifice? I believe that if the men who have given their lives to uphold the law could speak, they would desire most the type of testimonial which is to be found in your presence here. With every forward step we take in making certain that our law enforcement representatives are better trained, better equipped, and generally better prepared than their predecessors, we add strength and dignity to the living memorial we are developing. The good men whose lives have been sacrificed on the evil altar of crime would find in your determination, your effort, and your dedication to the advancement of our profession the memorial they would welcome above all others. I thank you. 223 F. 2d 823 ( 1955 ) . The issue here is analogous to that presented in Chapm an v. U.S ., 365 U.S . 610 (1961) , where the Supreme Court held that a search by police officers of a house occupied by a tenant violated the tenant's constitutional right, even though the search was made with the authorization of the owner. There the owner had not only apparent but actual au thority to enter the home for vari ous purposes, such as to "view waste." Sin ce the purpose of the entr y was not to view waste but to look fo r evidence of a crime, the court held the search unl awful. See Stoner v. California, 376 U.S. 483,489 (1964). On this reasoning, it would seem that the authority conveyed to the garage attendant would relate solely to the pro per and safe storage of the vehicle, and entry for any other reason would be improper . ( To be continued in August) �UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE POSTA GE ANO FEE S PA ID FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION FEDER A L BUREAU OF I NVESTIGAT I ON WASHINGTON , D .C. 20535 OFFICIAL BUSINESS RETURN AFTER 5 DAYS HONORAB LE IVAN ALLEN 9 JRc . MAYOR · AT L ANTA , Gl. 30303 M �IN THE UNITED STATES ISSUED BY JOHN EDGAR HOOVER, DIRECTOR FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION UNITED STATES DE · RTMENT 0~ JUSTICE UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS-1965 FOR RELEASE THURSDAY, A.M., JULY 28, 1966 PRINTED ANNUALLY �UNIFORM CRIME REPORTS for the United States PRI N TED ANNUALLY - 196 5 ADVISORY: Committee on Uniform Crime Records International Association of Chiefs of Police Edmund L. McNamara, Commissioner of Police Boston, Massachusetts, Chairman J. Edgar Hoover , Director , Federal Bureau of Investigation U.S. Department of Justice, Washington , D.C., 20535 - �F or snl c b y t he S u pcr inLcnd cn l o f D ocn m cnts, U .S. Govcrn mcn, P r int in g O ffice. \1"ashin gton, D .C . 20402 Price 55 cents �Contents r I ~~i;t:~-:~-'~,~/:-:__:_::_:__:__:_:_:_:_::::-::-:::-:-::-: i}~~?fIttt \ t:=::=:=::::=::=:: P age V Vil 1 2- 3 Crime and pop ulation ________ ___ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -== 3-6 Crimin al hom icide ______ ____ _ 6-7 7- 9 9- 10 10-1 3 14- 15 15- 17 Au to theft __ ______________ ____________ _____________ _ 17-1 8 Clearances ____ ____ ___ ____________ ________ _____ _____ _ 18-20 Persons arrested ____ ______________________ __________ _ 20- 22 Per ons charged ____ __ _________________ _____________ - 22- 23 Mobili ty of offenders ____ ____ ______ ____________ _____ _ 23-27 Car eers in Crime ______ ____________________ ________ _ _ 27-31 Police employee data __ ___ ___ ____________ ___________ _ 31-38 Introductio n __ ____________ __ ____ ___ ____ _____ ___ ________ _ 39- 49 The index of crime, 1965 ________ ____ _________ ________ ___ _ 50-89 Un ited States, 1965 (table l ) __ ______ _____ ___ ___ _____ _ 51 United States, 1964-65, by r egions, geograp hic di visions and states (table 2) __ _- - - ___ - - - - - __ ____ __ ___ __ _____ 52- 55 States (table 3) _ ___ __________ ___ ____ ___ ___ _____ ___ __ 56-70 Standard metropolitan statistical areas ( table 4) ___ _ _ _ __ _ 71- 89 General United States crime statistics, 1965 ____ _________ __ 91- 106 Crime trendi:, 1964- 65, by pop ulation gro ups (table 5) ___ 92- 93 Crime rates, by p opulation groups (table 6) __ __________ _ 94- 95 Crime trends, 1965 versus average of 1960- 64 (table 7)_ __ 96 Offen es kn own, cleared by arrest, by pop ulation groups (table 8) __ __ ____ ___ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ___ 97- 98 Offen ses k.no\rn , cleared by arrest, by geographic d ivisions ( table 9) _____ - __- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ __ __ __ _ _ _ 99- 100 Offenses cleared by arrest of per ons under 18 years of age (table 10) ______ ____________ _____ __________ _____ 101-102 Di p osition of person. formall y charged by the police (table 11)___ ____________ ______________ ___ ________ 103 Offenses kno,\·n, cleared; persons arrested , charged and disposed of ( table 12) ___ _________________________ _ _ 103 P olice disposition of juvenile offenders taken into cu tody 104 (table 13) ______ ___ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Offense analysi. trends, 1964- 65 , and average values 105 ( table 14) ___________ ___- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 111 �G eneral U nited St ates crime statist ics, 1965-Con tinued Pag,, Type and value of prop er ty stolen and recovered (table 15) _ 105 1'1urder victims- weap ons used (t able 16) ______________ 106 Murder victims by age, sex and r ace (t able 17) ___ _______ 106 Al-rests _______ ___- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ 107- 145 Iumber and r ate by popula tiop gr oup (t able 18) ______ 108- 109 Arrest tr ends, 1960- 65 (table 19)_ ___ ___ _______________ llO T ot al arrest trends, 1964- 65 (table 20)__ ____ ___________ lll T ota] arrests by age group (table 21) ____ ____________ ll2- 11 3 T otal arrests of persons under 15, u nder 18, un der 21 , and under 25 ( table 22) __- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 114 115 T ot al arrests, distribution by sex (table 23)_ ______ ______ T otal arrest trends by sex, 1964- 65 (t able 24) ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 116 T otal arrests b y race (table 25) ___ __ _____ __ ____ _____ 117- 119 120 City arrest tr ends 1964- 65 (table 26) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ City arrests by age (t able 27) ___ ___________ ____ _____ 121 - 122 City arrests of p ersons under 15, under 18, under 21 , and under 25 ( t able 28) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 123 City arrests, distribution by sex (table 29) ___ __ _________ 124 125 City arrest tr ends by sex, 1964-65 (table 30) __ ___ _______ City arrests by race (table 31) ______________________ 126- 128 129 Suburb an arrest tr ends, 1964- 65 (t able 32) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Suburban arrest by age (table 33) - - _ - - __ - ____ ___ ___ 130- 131 Suburban arrests of persons und er 15, under 18, under 21 , and under 25 (t able 34)_ ________________ ______ __ 13? Submban arrests, distribut ion b y sex (t able 35) __ ____ === 133 Suburban arrests by race (table 36) _~-- --- - - - - - ----- - 134- 136 Rural arrest trend ·, 1964- 65 (table 37) - - - -- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 137 Rural arrests by age (table 38) ______ ____ ___ ____ ___ __ 138- 139 Rtffal arr ests of persons und er 15, u nd er 18, under 21 and under 25 (table 39) ________ _______ ________ ____ ' __ __ 140 Rural arrests, distribu tion by sex (t able 40) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 14 1 Rural arrests by r ace (table 41)_ _____ ___________ __ __ 142- 144 Suburban and rural arrest tr(jnds by sex, 1964- 65 (table 42) __ _________ _____________________ ___________ 145 P olice emrloyee d_a ta _ - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ____ ___ -= - 147- 175 F ull-time police employees ; n umber, r a te and r a nge (table Fljf}ti~~- p~li~~- ~ffi~; 1~s_; _~~1~b; 1~,- ~·~t~ -~~d-;.~1;g; - (t~bl~4 - l 49 g~ Ci!tl ~1; -;~pl ~y~~;, -l;;1~c-e~i ~f t~t~( (tS:-bl~-45)----======- l 50- i P olice officers l~illed ( table 46) __ _______ ___________ _ - - 9 Assaul ts on police officers (table 47) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ --15~ 153 Full-time state police and high,rny p atr ol empl~y;~s- - ~l;d police killed (t able 48) _ _ _ _ __ __ __ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' . P olic~ e1:Ilp~o:yees in individual cities (tables 49 a~-d 50)-- 155_ 154 175 Offenses m md1v1dual areas 25,000 and over by p op ula tion groups (table 51) ___ __ _______ ____ ___ ______ __________ _ 175 _192 lV �Preface Recent years h ave witnessed a m arked in crease in citizen awareness of the crime problem . This gr owing interest-p articularly that shown by persons who previously h ave t aken the p osit ion tha t crime is solely the responsibility of the law enforcement profession- is most encouraging. I t offers promise of m aterially aiding police efforts in the con trol of crime. Individuals and organizations r epresenting m any segments of our society are displaying a keen in ter est in progr ams to assis t law enforcement and, ul timately, to reduce the volume of crime. In m any par ts of the country , studies h ave been instituted and plans developed not only to achieve a better unders tanding of local crime conditions, but also to find solu tions to the complex problems involved . Tbe success of these programs depends lar gely upon th e availability of factual and complete s tatis tical da ta-da t a which help individual com muni ties to comprehend the n ature an d extent of crim e locally and to formulate effective measures of pr even tion a nd control. U nder the s tew ardsh ip of the FBI, the U niform Crime R ep or ting Progr am h as, for m any years, been a primary som·ce of info rmation on the nature, exten t, trend an d dis tribution of cr ime. R ecently, there has been a sh arp increase in the u tiliza tion of these data and other police statistics by the cour ts, legisla tors, p enal authorities and others concerned with the administr ation of crimin al jus tice. Crime statistics are a n essential tool of police m anagement. Growin g r ecognition of this fact is r esul ting in an im proved collection of information-and in a continuing determina tion by the F BI and the indiYidual contribu tors to this voluntary n a tion al P rogr am th a t the most relii1ble and m eaningful statistics possible be provided in meeting the needs of the wide v ariety of users. Advan ces in comp uter and related communications technology now make it both practical and fe asible to obtain crim e tati tics more rapidly and in greater detail t h an heretofore p ossible. In cooperation with state and local p olice agencies, t he FBI is currently developin g a Nation al Crime Informa tion Center-a computerized law enforcement information network wh ich will begin opera tion early next year. At th e outset, emphasis will be placed on information regarding wanted persons, stolen proper ty and other operational-type d a t a which will assist the police officer on the s tree t . The inform ation V �processed thr ough the National Crime I nformation C enter w ill, however , offer a rich potential for statistical d a ta concerning crimin als and their crimes. T his potential will be fully explored an d exploit ed as the compu terized network develops. Ultimately, Uniform Crime Repor ts an d r el a ted records will be proces ed directly into this n a tiom,ide network, from a centr alized state source, making possible up-to-:~he-minu te kn owled ge concerning many ar eas of the crime problem. T he availability of such timely, in-dep th statistics will open a ne\\- p athway to b etter service and understanding among those engaged in the enforcem en t of t h e l a·w and the administration of justice. The new computer system pr omises an expanded u se of statistic concerning crime. Accomp anying this expan ded u age is a greater responsibility-particularly for accuracy, r eliab ility and confor m i ty with established standards. T echnology h as given us the tools t o bet ter u tilize t h e information we possess. W e must cultivate this ability to the fullest. JoHN EDGAR H o ovER, D i1·ector . Vl �Criine Factors Unifo rm Crime Rep or ts give a n ation wide view of crime b ased on police statistics m ade p ossible by the voluntary coop eration of local law enforcement agen cies. Since the factors which cause crime ar e many and vary from place to place, r eaders are cau tioned against draTuing conclusions from direct comp arisons of crime figures between individual communities withou t first considering the factors involved. The national material summarized in this publication sh ould b e used, ho,rnver, as a star ting p oin t to determine deviations of individual cities from the national aver ages. Crim e is a social problem and the concern of the en tire communi ty. The la\\· enforcement effort is limited to factors within its con trol. Some of the conditions which "ill aff ect the amoun t and type of cri me that occm s from place to place ar e briefly ou tlined b elow: D ensity and size of t he comm unity p opulation and the m etrop olit an area of which it is a p ar t. Com p o ition of the population with referen ce par ticul arly to age, sex and r ace. E conomic status and mores of the p opul ation . Relative stabili ty of population, in cluding commu ters, season al, an d other tr ansient typ es. Climate, including season al we ath er condi tions. E ducation al, r ecr eational, an d religious ch aracteristics. Effective strength of the p olice force. S tandards governing ap pointments to the p olice fo rce. Policies of the prosecuting officials an d the court . Attitude of the public toward l aw enfor cemen t problems. The administr ative and in vestigative efficiency of the local law enforcemen t agency. V ll �Sum1nary ( This section is for the reader interested in the general crime picture. Technical data, of interest primarily to police, social scientists, and other students, are presented in the following sections. If yoii wish assistance in the interpretation of any information in this publication, please communicate with the Director, Federal Bureau of I nvestigation, U.S. Department of J ustice, Washington, D .O., 20535) Crime Capsule More. than 2,780,000 serious crimes reported during 1965; a 6 percent increase over 1964. ·

Fourteen victims of serious crimes per 1,000 inhabitants in 1965, an increase of 5 percent over 1964 and 35 percent over 1960.

More than 5,600 murders, 34, 700 aggravated assaults wi th a gun and over 68,400 armed robberies in 1965.

118,900 robberies, 1,173,000 burglaries, 2,500,000 larcenies, and 486,600 auto thefts r esulted m total property stolen in excess of $1 billion.

Arrests of persons under 18 for serious crimes increased 47 percent in 1965 over 1960 . Increase in young age group popula tion for same period was 17 percent.

In 1965, 53 police officers wer e murdered in the line of duty. Fiftytwo were killed by firearms. Since 1960, 96 percent of officer s murdered with the use of firnarms.

Over 30 percent of persons arrested in suburban areas were nonresidents of suburban community where crime committed.

Careers in Crime: Ini tial FBI study of offenders disclosed over 48 percent repeated within two years after being released to the street following a prior char ge. 1 �Crime Index Tot als In the Uniform Crime R epor ting Program the n umber of crimes in seven offense categories is tabulated on th e b asis of counts m ade by law enforcemen t agencies as crimes of these types b ecom e known t o them. · These crime categories-murder and nonnegligent man slaugh ter, forcible rape, robbery, aggrava t ed assault , b m '.glary, larceny $50 and over, and au to th eft-are used to provide an in dex of the trend of crime in the United 5'tates. As a group, these offenses r epresent the most common local crin1e problem . Each cr ime cla ssification is serious, either by virtu e of the n ature of the criminal act itself, such as m urder, forcible r ape, rob bery an d aggr avated a ~saul t, or because of the volume of criminal inciden t s which requ ire a n inordinate amount of police investigat ive effor t and t ime, such as bmglary, larceny and auto th eft. During calendar y ear 1965 m ore th an two and t hree-quart er m illion serious crimes came to police atten tion , a 6 p er cent increa se in t h e Crime Index in 1965 over 1964 . E ach of the ind ividual crime categories con tributed to the overall incr ease. When considered as a gr ou p the crimes of \Tiolence, which comprise 13 p er cent of the C rime Index total, registered a 6 percen t incr ease. Murder rose 6 percent, for cible rape 9, robbery 6, and aggravated assaul t 6 p ercen t . The p roperty crimes, which m ak e up 87 p ercen t of the Crime I n dex, r ose 6 p erce~t as a group with burglar y up 6 percent, larceny $50 and over 8 percent and auto theft 5 percent . Since 1960 the v olume of crime h as in~ creased 46 percent . During this six-year peri od the property cr im e s r ose 47 per cen t and the violen t crimes 35 per cent. All city popula tion ~~oups h ~d increases in 1965, led b y a 7 percent rise in th e group of cities h avrng less th an 50,000 inhabitants. The group wit!1 500,000 ?r m01:e popula_tion showed a 4 p ercent upward trend. City groups m the mte1m echa te p opulation r ange from 50,000 to 500,000 h a_d incr~ases from 4 to 6 p er cen t . Suburban areas wi th an 8 per cent rise agam had a sharper per cen tage incr ease in tlle ,. 1 . . o u1ne of crime than cities over 250,000 p opulation , which were u p 4 . percent as a group, and r mal areas which were up 3 p er cent. When viewed geogr aphically , all r egions experienced crime 1· . . . . nc1 ea es in 1965 with a n se of 10 per cent m the Wester n States 8 p . . , e1cent 111 the Northeastern States, and 4 p ercent in th e Iorth Ce t 1 Sou thern Sta tes. All Crim e Index offenses wer e u p in· all .n ra and . . . . geograp1uc reg10ns with the exception of auto theft, which declined lio·h tl . the Southern S ta tes. "' Y 111 E stimated crin1e figures for t he United State f are set orth in the 2 �following table. T he trends shown in t his table are b ased on t he actual rep or ting experien ce of comp ar able places. Estim ntcd crime !Ofi5 P~rccnt change over 1964 Crime Index classification Number R ate pe r 100,000 inhabitants Number R ate TotaL . ____ ___ ________ __ __ ________ ______ ______ _ 2,780, 000 1, 434. 3 +o +5 l~ ~=-=~ ~ ~~l= == ==f-===~-=-=I= = == ~~ti~ 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):~::::~:: ::______----------------------- 'I ~~:i!ifi~~;:~-u~~ii_:~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Auto theft _. . _______ ---- - ------ ------ - ----- - ------- - 9, 850 22, 4i0 118,920 206, 700 ! , 173,200 762, 400 486, 600 5.1 11. 6 GI. 4 106.6 605. 3 393.a 251. 0 + o +o +a +o +o +s +s I Crime and Population A crim e rate, for practical p urposes, sh ould be considered as a victim risk rat e. Crime r ates d o not represent t he n umber of criminals b ut, more accurately, the number of victims. The crime r ate relates the inciden ce of crime t o p opul ation . According to figures released by the Unit ed St ates B ureau of the Census, total United S t at es population increased 1.3 percent in 1965. In that year t h e n ational Crim e Index rate was 1,434 offense per 100,000 population, r epresenting a 5 percent increase over 1964. Many factor s influen ce the nature and extent of crime in a particular community. A number of t hese factors are set forth on p age vii of this publication . A crime rate is lim ited to a con sideration of the numerical factor of popul ation and does not incorporate any of the other elements which contribute to t he amount of crim e in an area. The tatistical tables in t his publication disclose that the varying crime experiences, especially among l arge cities and suburban communities, are affected by a complex set of in vol ved factors and are not solely limited to numerical pop ul ation differ ences. The overall crime rate increase was largely influenced by the continuing upsurge in t he property crimes. However , crime r ates rose in each of the violent cr ime cat egorie. with the rnmder rate up 6 percent, for cible rape 8 per cent, aggravated assaul t 5 percent and robbery 5 percent over 1964. The num ber of crimes per unit of population is highest in the large pop ul ation center s and those areas recording th e fastest growing p opulations. The accomp anying ch-arts illustr ate the trend in serious crime from 1960 through 1965. They reveal the percentage increase in the volume of crime, the t rend in t he crime rate and pop ulation growth . A further breakdown is shown in the charts for crimes of violence and 3 �CRIME AND POPULATION 1960-1965 PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960 +SOr---.--------,----,-------,,------, , , ,, Crime up46% + 40 i------,-----t-------t-----,-=------1 , I I Crime Rate up 35% I I +30,----""t------r-------t-----h,llc._~ ········· 1960 CRIME 1961 = 1962 ......... ......... 1963 1964 Population Up 8% 1965 INDEX OF CRIME OFFENSES CRIME RATE = NUMBER OF OFFENSES PER 100, 000 POPULATION FBI CHART Chart 1 4 �CRIMES OF VIOLENCE 1960-1965 PERCENT CHANGE OVER 1960 + 50 VIOLENT CRIME + 40 + 30 , , '" ,,1/ . . + 20 +10 1960 ,- -- -- /

.. ~ - ---- 1961 1962 1963 1964 , ,. ~ UP 35% I_ ) ~- -RA_T _E_ _, UP 25% 1965 LIMITED TO MURDER, FORCIBLE RAPE, RO BBERY, AN D A GGRAVATED ASSAULT FBI CHART Cha rt2 CRIMES AGAINST PROPERTY 1960- 1965 PERCEN T CHANGE OVER 1960 + 50 r-- -~ - - - ~ - - ~- - - ~ - - ~ PROPERTY CRIME UP 4 7% RATE UP 36% 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 LIMITED TO BUR GLA RY, LARCENY $ 50 AND O VER, AN O A UTO THEFT Chart 3 FBI CH ART 5 �involves hazards for police. In the last five years 58 police officers have lost their lives responding to calls for assis tance involv ing "clistw·b ances" or "family disputes." Police n ationally solved 73 percent of these crimes which came to their attention in 1965. Police activity, as measur ed by arrests for this offense, increased 5 percent during the p ast year. Arres ts of adul ts rose 5 percent, while arrests for persons under 18 were up 7 percent. In reviewing arrests for this offense by se:;'{, m ·ales outnumbered females by more than 6 t9 1. The 20-24 year olds led the arrest rate age group. This is prim arily an adul t crime but person s under 18 were represented in 15 percent of the arres ts. By ar 13 as, the distribution of arrests by age gr oup was fairly consis tent; however, in thermal areas the involvement of persons under 18 was significantly lower, n amely, 7 percent. The seasonal variation for aggravated assault r emained consis t ent with the experience of the past several years; namely, a high number of off enses in the summer months tapering off to t he l ows in the colder months of the year . Similar to the 1964 experience, ao·oTavated bb . assault reached its p eak in August, 1965, " ·hile J anuary appeared l ow . Because of the frequent close relationship between victim and offender, this offense is also a prosecutive problem. In 1965, 41 percent of the adults charged were found guilty of aggravated assault, 18 percent were found guilty of some lesser charge, and 41 p ercent were dismissed or defend ants acquitted. P ersons under 18 were ch aro·ed in 0 15 percent of the incidents. Approximately 17 percent of all aggravated assaults were committed with a firearm in 1965 , 36. p er~ent by knife or other cutting instrument, 22 percent with a blunt obJect or other d angerous weapon, and 2 5 percent with personal weapons, such as h ands, fists, and feet . Firearms wer e used in 17 p~rcent of the attacks in cities over 250 ,000, 20 p ercent _of the assaults m rural areas and 1_6 percent in t h e suburbs . It is estima ted there were 35,000 assaul ts with a gun in 1965 in wh· h · · survive · d. IC th e v1ctrm The following table demonstrates the percent distribution by t y f weapon used in aggravated assault by 0 ·eographic region in 1965 _p e 0 Type of Weapon Used - P ercent R egion Fireanns Northeastern States . .. __. __________ ____ _____ __ _ North Central States.- - - --- ----- - ---- -- -- ----Southern States . .. ---- -- -- ---- __ _______ __ . ____ _ Western States . - ---- -- ------- - - --- -- --- - --- ---- 8 10. 3 16. 19. 8 18. 3 Kni fe or Bl u nt ob·e o_ther cu tting or oth Jr ct 1nstrun1ent dangerous weapon 39. 36. 7 35. 8 29. 7 P ersona l weapon s

23. I 21. 8 19. I 26. 3 26. 24. 6 25. 3

!5. 7

�Th e low conviction p ercentage on the origin al charge is d ue primarily t o the close rel ationship between the assailant and victim and the latter 's refusal to prosecu te. Slightly over 7 of every 10 persons affested for aggrav ated assaul t in 1965 ,v-ere formally charged by police. Forcible Rape T here were 22 ,4 70 forcible r ap es or assaults to commit this offense in the Uni ted States durin g 1965. .lVIany offen ses of th is type are not rep or ted to a law enforcement agency primarily due to fear and/or embarrassm en t on the p art of t he victim. Volumewise, these offenses ha,e been steadily rising for several years and were up 9 percent ov er 1964. Of t he seven Crime Index offen ses, forcible r ape showed the highest percen tage in crease during 1965. N ation ally, the forcible r ape rate ,rns 23 offenses p er 100,000 fem ale p opulation. F or the period 1960- 1965, the tr end of this crime against the person h as increased 36 percent. F orcible r ap e follows a similar season al p attern from y ear to year in that the wairm or summer months, J une through September generally ar e high. In 1965, th e m onth of Jmrn was the high point in cities, while July was th e high m onth in the submb an and rural areas. The chart \Yhich follo,rn d em on str ates the m on thly variations in 1965, as ,rnll as the five-year average seasonal variation s for this offen se. Nearly two-thirds of th ese crim es were actu al rapes by force, while the remainder were attemp ts to commit r ape. These offenses occur in all areas, but they are primarily big city crimes. The overall forcible r ap e r ate in creased 8 percent in 1965, with cities in excess of 250,000 r ecordin g a ra te of 21 per 100,000 population. Geogr aphically , all regions r ep orted increases in the volum e of these offenses with the Nor th Central States recording the sharp es t upward trend of 14 p ercent. The W estern States repor ted the highes t forcible rape r ate. Approximately 1 of every 5 forcible rap es occurred in cities in excess of 1 m illion, which r ecord ed an in cr ease of 12 percent. The volume \\·as up 14 p ercent in th e suburbs, 11 percen t in large cities as a gr oup, and in the rural ar eas there was little ch ange. Similar to t he other crim es agains t t he p erson , p olice efforts are limi ted in preventing the occurre nce of forcible r ~p e offenses sin ce they generally occur beyond r each of p atr ols. P olice clear ed up by the arrest of the offender 64 of every 100 cases. F or all offen ses cleu.red, police identified per sons un der th e age of 18 in 14 p ercent of the. e attack s. Arrests for fo rcible r ap e in creased 2 p ercen t in 1965 wit h 64 p ercent of the p ersons arrested under t h e age of 25 . Arres ts fo r p ersons under 18 increased 13 p ercen t and r epresented 2 1 p ercent of all those arrested 221- 746 °- 66- -2 9 �for this offense. Since 1960 , forcibl e rape arrests for persons under 18 have incr eased 35 percent. Not all p ersons arrested are bound · over for prosecutive action . Many reasons exist, such as the victim refuses to prosecute, etc., which may preclude cour t action. In 1965, 72 p ercent of the p ersons arrested for forcible rape \\" ere tried in comt. Of all persons charged with forcible rape 24 percent wer e referred to juvenile court jmisdiction. Of t he adults charged with this offense 40 percent were found guilty of for cible r ape, 17 p er cen t of some lesser offense and 43 percent were acqui tted or h ad their case other\\·ise dismissed. D ata concerning statutory rape where no force is used and other sex offenses ar e collected on the basis of persons arrested. Arrests for these offenses d ecreased 8 p er cent in 1965 and accounted for about 1 p ercent of all p olice arrests. Adult arrests d eclined 7 percent and arrests for p ersons under 18 were down 11 percent in the cit ies, 3 percent in the subtfrbs and up 13 p er cent in t h e rural areas. Of the total persons charged for these crimes, 55 percent were found guilty as ch arged, 7 p ercent were found guilty of a lesser charge, 17 percent were acquitted or dismissed at som e prosecutive level and 21 p er cent of t he p ersons ch arged were referred to juvenile cotfft. Robbery R obbery is a viol ent crime, ana. in a o-reat many instances these t:, ' cnmes result in p ersonal injury to the victim and are always accompanied by the use of force or t h e thr eat of for ce. In 1965, 58 percent of the robberies, · · db . vei e committe y armed perp etrators. The remainm :::,o- 42 .l)ercent were sti·ono· t · · ·· .

,- aim ype cnmes such as muo-o-mo· yokmot:,t:,

,,

,,

e t c., or were attempts to commit robbery. There was a 6 p ercent · . · · . mc1 ease 111 the estunated total number of these cnmes when compar d t 196 . . e o 4. There were more than 118 900 r obbenes m the United St t d · ' .· a es urmg 1965, an averao-e of abou t 326 cnmes of robbery every da f th o .· . YO e year. The relative increase in this t ype Of came was hio-hest · th b 0 • • m e su urban area, up 13 percent. C it ies ovei 250 ,000 populat10n were 4 . declin d 4 • . . up percent, while rural robberies pe1cent. Smee 1960 th b e in th e United St t h . ' e num er of r obberies committed a es as risen 29 J)e . t G . . howino- the gr·eate t rcen · eographically, the region

,

< s percentao- h up 13 percent folio db 1 °e c ange was the Northeastern States ' we Yt e W t · s and North Central St t 2 es ern tates 10, Southern States 5, < a e percent. _The Western State had the hio. . with al most two-third f th ":hest peicentage of armed robbery 0 e e ofiens · · weapon. Strono--ai·m . bb o < 10 ery 1es· committed ,nth the u e of a was ighe t in the orth Central • 10 �Region. The following table gives the robbery breakdown for all geographic regions. Robbery b:, geograp hic regions T otal Armed -any weapon ___ __ __ ____ ________ Strong-arm-no weapon ______ ___ __ __ ___ 57. 6 42. 4 Nor theastern 60. 3 39. 7 N orth Central 52. 7 47. 3 Southern 56. 9 43. 1 Western 63. 9 36. 1 When consider ed by type, all r obbery categories had increases. In 1965, street r obberies, which comprised over one-half t he offenses committed in this category, rose 3 percent. R obberies of gas or ser vice stations h ad a substantial increase of 8 percent, and chain store robberies r ose 7 p ercent . B ank r obberies, alt hough m aking up less t han 1 p er cent of all robbery crimes, jumped 19 percent. T he average value of loot obtained by b ank robbers in each attack rose from $3,309 in 1964 to $3,789 in 1965. T he average loss in each robbery was $254 which amounted to a total dollar loss of m or e than $30 million. The 1965 ra te was 5 p ercent higher than in 1964 with 61 victims p er 100,000 population . The gr oup of cities with p opulation s of mor e than 250,000 had a 1965 r ate of 179 offenses p er 100,000 inhabit an ts. This was about 6 times greater t h an the suburb an area rate and 18 times higher than t he r ural rate. G eographically, t he robber y rate was highest in t h e W estern St ates. ationally in 1965, p olice cleared 38 p ercent of t he robbery offenses through the arrest of the offenders. Slightly m ore than 1 of 5 of these ' crimes involved p ersons under 18 years of age as offenders. These young p ersons were responsible for 32 p er cent of the strong-arm robberies and 12 p ercent of t he robberies where a weapon was used . R obbery arrests for 1965 h ad t h e great est p ercen tage incr ease among the young age group under 15. There was a 9 p ercent rise in arrests of these young p ersons , whereas arrests of p erson s under 18 rose 6 p ercent and adults less t h an 1 p ercent. P ersons under 25 accounted for 69 p ercent of all arrests for robbery nation ally an d those under 18 for 30 per cent. From 1960 to 1965 t he arrests of persons under 18 for robbery rose 40 percent. Of those ch arged with robbery, 34 p ercen t wer e r eferred to juvenile court. Of t h e adults charged 52 p er cent were found guilty as ch arged, 19 percent guilty of a lesser offen se and 29 percen t of the cases were dismissed or the defendan ts were acquitted. 11 �CRIMES KEY : ______ 1960-1964 MOVING AVERAGE AGAINST THE PERSON +30 % - -- - -- -- - - - - - -- - - - - : : - - : - - - - - - --;;----,,-1 + 10% L---'-------------,~-,;_:,-;:_~~-;;,,-;_-::__--'-~~-:-----'-T-1 ANNUAL - 20 % 1.--:- - - - - - -- - -- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - 1 -3o % L.._ ____:_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _- ' JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG . SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC . +30% - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - -- 1-. NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER - 30% L-- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - _ _ _ : _ J JAN. +30% FEB . MAR . APR . MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. r---- - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -FORCIBLE RAPE - 20 % r--- -- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - : : - -- - - - -- - _ J -30% ' - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . . . . : . ._ _ _ _ _ __ __J JAN. +30 % - 20% - 30 % FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC . r-------------------------___J ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -..I._________J Chart 4 12 AUG. �BY MONTH VARIATION S FROM 1965 A N NUAL AVERA GE AGAINST PROPERTY AVERAGE - 20% t-- - -- - - -- - -- -- -- - -- - -- -- - - - - - l - 30 % ~ - -- - - - -- -- -- - -- - - -- -~ - - - ~ ----' JAN . FEB. MAR. APR . MAY JUNE JULY AUG . SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC, + 30% r - - - - ----:;----:-- -- -- -- - - - - -- - - - - - - , BURGLARY + 20 % t--- - - - - --'--"-'-,'-- - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - ---l + 10% t;-:_::-:_=-_-_-- -ANNUAL - - .. .., .. AVERAGE -'---,---- -- - - - -- -- --'--- - - - ~ - Jo%~ - --'--- - - - - ' - - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - - - - ' JAN. FEB . MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG . SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC, +30% ..-- - - - -- - -- - - - - -- - - - -- - -- - -- ~ -30%~ · - _ _ __ _ _ _ __ __ _ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ __ _ _..__. JAN. FEB . MAR. APR . MAY JUNE JULY AUG . SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. + 30% - - - - - -- - - -- - - - -- - -- - - - -- - -- ~ AUTO THEFT 1 +20 % 1-c.. --,.----- -----'-- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , , - i + 10% 1--- - - -- - - - ; -- -- - - - -- - - - - ~,---....:::-'-I ANNUAL .- - - - -~ ..... ~ ~ ,"'-~': -::,~' ~ AVERAGE - - ~ ---.- - - - ------' ·<' - 10% 1 - - - - - - - -- - , - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -~ - -----i - 20% 1,-:- - - - -- -- -- - - - - - -- -- - - - -- -- - -; -30% ~ it~ - - -- - - -~ - - - -- - -- - - - -- - - - - -~ FBI CHART Chart 4 13 �Burglary Buro-lary is the crime with the high est v olume of off enses knmvn to li e "'of any of the Crime Index offenses. In 1965 t h ere wer e 6 pp ercent o C • • . 1964 an d sm . ce 1 9 60 t h.1s more burglanes committed t h an m crime h as increased by 41 percent . There w ere over 1, 173 ,20 0 buro·laries committed during 1965 which aver aged m or e t h an 3,200 per°day. In the Uniform C rime R eporting P rogram, b u rgl ~ry in clud es both forcible en try and unlawful en t r y wh er e n o force 1s u sed but trespass exists. Burglary is primarily a crime of stealth and over 70 percen t of these crimes wer e committed at night . Places of business were v ictimized in m ore than 50 percent of th e burgl aries b u t only 9 per cent of these nonresidential burglaries occurred d uring d ayligh t h ou rs . Residential burglaries wer e ab out evenly divided b etween n igh t and day, with 49 percent occurring during the d aytime a n d 51 p er cen t at n igh t . There were sh arp incr eases, how ever, in b oth d ay an d night r esidence burglaries amounting to 12 and 7 percent resp ec t ively . In 1965, 76 percent of all off en ses of burgl ar y involved t h e u se of force t o gain entry. Seventeen p ercent wer e t h e unlawful entry-typ e wh ere n o force was used and 7 p ercen t were a t tem pts to commi t forcible entry. In 1965 t he average value of prop er ty stolen in each bur gl ary w a s $242, or a n ation al t ot al dollar loss of $284 million. T his l oss does not include the d am age and d estruction of p roperty w hich results ·from breaking and entering offenses. The burglar y r ate, t h e n um b er of off enses p er 100,000 population r egi ter ed a 4 p er cen t rise in 1965 over 1964. T h e trend in this of~ fense was consistent in _all areas. Geographically the We tern States r ep or ted an 11 p er cent m crease, .North easter n 7 , North Central 5 a nd th e Sout hern States 1 p er cent. The p olice wer e able to clear 25 percent of the buro·l ai·y off·e b . . . , o n ses y iden~1fica~1on and a~Test of _th~ offender. This clearance percentage applies with only sh ght van at10ns to all po1)ulation o·i·otip _d ~ . . . . o s an geographic d1vis10ns. P ersons under 18 years of age ,ver·e fo d t b . . un o e r ed sponsible m 37 p ercent of t h e b urglary offense ,,-111·ch . ,vere so1, ·e T he clearance percen tage for p er sons in the youno· a . . . · . o ge g1 oup ran 0o·ed ill. fr om a low of 20 p ercent m the largest citie with over . to a h 1g1 " l of· 51 percent . . c1tie . . under 10 000 one m .ion populat10n m . , popu1at10n at10nally there was a 4 per cent increase in , . t f · an es s, or. buro-lary 1\/[or e than h alf the per ons arrested were under 18 "' < • and 8 of every 10 person arrested for buro-lary were l d yea1s , 2 of ~we ° 0 • . Ill ei 5 years of o· The high est p ercentage of mvolvement of th a"'e. e youno· ao·e o· . . O b urglary arrests occm-red in the Sl b ·b o o 1 oup rn 1 in an area where 56 percent of O 14 . �those arrested were under 18. From 1960 to 1965 arr ests of p ersons under 18 years of age for burglary incr eased 26 p ercent . With respect t o persons charged wit h burglary, over h alf were referred to juvenile court . F or adul ts charged with burglary 51 percent were foun d guilty as ch arged, 15 percent were found guilty of a lesser offense and 34 per cent were acquitted or h ad their cases dismissed. Larceny Larceny-t heft includes crimes such as shoplifting, pock et-pickin g, purse-snatching, t hefts from autos, t h efts of auto parts and accessories, etc. It does not include fraudulent tr ansaction s, fraudulent checks or embezzlement. The Crime Index off ense of larceny is limited t o those th efts where the value of t he goods stolen is $50 CRIM E CLOCKS 1965 6 6 6 SERI OUS CRIMES MURDER, FORCIBLE RAPE OR ASSAULT TO KILL MURDER 5 EACH M I N UTE 6 FORCI BLE RAPE ON E 23 EV E RY M I N UTE S ONE 27 S EC ONDS E V E RY HOU R 6 6 ROBBERY ONE 6 EVERY ON E M I N UT E S A GGRA V ATE D ASS A ULT BURGLARY ONE 2 E VERY O NE E VERY 2½ M I N UTE S ONE EV E RY 4½ M I N UT ES 6 6 LAR CENY ($50 an d o ve r) AUTO THE FT E V ER Y 41 S ECON D S ] EACH M I N UTE FBI CHART Cha1·t 5 15 �or more. In 1965, t his Index crime incr eased 8 percent over 1964 an d was Secon d only to burn:l ~ ary in volume with 762,400 offen ses r eported . Since 1960, there has b een an incr ease in l arceny $50 and over of 57 p er cent. The upward trend of l arceny in 1965 was mo~t pronoun_c ~d in the s uburb an areas which sh owed an 11 p er cent rise. All cities when gro uped were up 6 percent and the rur~l areas recorded a n 8 p erc~nt upswing. Cities over 250 ,000 ? opulation report~d a n ·average m cr ea e of 3 percent. Geo gr aphically, the trend m thefts over $50 ranged from a rise of 11 p ercent iri th~ W estern States, and 10 percent in the Southern States to 8 percent m the Northeastern States and 3 p ercent in the North Central States. Seasonally, these crimes conform to a gen er al p attern which is r ela tively stable thro ugh ou t t he year but h as a tendency to p eak in August. In l 965 there wa an unusu ally sharp upswing in D ecem b er when comp ared to prior years . The l arceny or victim r ate, which is the number of thefts per 100,000 population, was 393 in 1965 . This was an increase of 7 percent abo ve t he rate in 1964. As in the past, the rural r ate was l owest at 176 , the suburban area r ate was 359, and the ci t ies over 250,000 popula tion had a rate of 633. In 1965 the a:er age value of prop erty stol en in each l arcenytheft was $84 which made the total l oss from these crim es in excess of $211 million. This includes the numerous t h efts under $50 in value which total ed 1,752,600 in 1965 . The average dollar loss for larceny in 1960 was $74. It is a recognized fact that many thefts particularly those wh·er e th_e val ue of the ~oods stol en is small, ar~ never reported to l ttw enforcement agencies. The averao·e , - 1 · · k?mg . o a ue was $100, purse-snatchino· $ 45 of prop er ty sto1en m p ock et-pie sb oplifti~g- $27, theft from autos $110 and miscelhneou ~heft~ from buildm 0 ·s $159. Wh en_r eviewed b y type, i t is _found that thefts of auto parts and acce son es and other thefts from auto accounted for abo t 40 . · Thef ts fTom buildmo·s · · u pe1 cent of a11 1arcemes. made up 18 0 · 1at10ns · . of all lar ceny vio an d stol en bicycles contributed 15 percent . of the total. pel cent Larceny is a crime of opportunity and in most in t h . a matter of chance. l\'Ian s ances of the prop erty sto1en 1s f tl t e value .< · · would b e preven t e d if· c1t1zen would use appropri Yt O . :ie e cnrnes .· ~ measur es to safeguard their property . W i th thea ~ piec au~ionar~theft removed, frequ ently the temptation to teal . 1Pportumty for In 1965 l aw enforcement agencies nationally · 1is a, dso brem o ve d · Y arrest 20 p er cent of all l arceny cases brouo·ht to th . , c_ear~ . . o attention. Th e c1ear.. ance r ates were con 1stent, rangm g from 1 enpe, . area to 22 p er cent in cities under 10,000 populrct~nt in t~e s uburba.n a ion and ll:l t he rur:1,l 16 �area. City crime figures disclose that 44 percent of all larceny clearances involved persons under 18 years of age. This is a slight increase in the involvement of this young age group when compared to 1964. In t he suburbs 46 percent of the larceny offenses were cleared by the arrest of juveniles while the percentage in the rural area was 30 p ercent. Nationally, police m ade an average of 286 arrests for larceny for every 100,000 p opulation in 1965. Total arrests for this crime wer e down less than 1 percent with decreases recorded in the adult arrests as weil as arrests of p ersons under 18. P ersons under 25 accounted for 76 percent of all arrests for theft. P ersons under 21 were involved in 67 p ercent, those under 18 in 55 p ercent. Since 1960 police arrests of persons under 18 years of age for larceny have increased 60 percent. Police charged 82 percent of the persons they arrested for larceny. Of those charged, 45 percent were referred to juvenile court jurisdiction. Of the adults charged 70 percent were found guilty of larceny, 6 percent guilty of som e lesser offense, and 24 percent were acquitted or their cases were dismissed. Auto Theft In 1965 there were 486,600 auto thefts, a 5 percent increase over 1964. On the average, over 1,300 motor vehicles were stolen each day during th e year. Since 1960, au to theft bas increased 51 percentmore than double the percen tage increase in automobile registrations. Auto theft makes up 18 percent of the Crime Index offenses. The value of th ese stolen motor vehicles exceeded one h alf billion dollars in 1965. Although 88 p ercent of the stolen automobiles were recovered, the remaining 12 p ercent constituted a total dollar loss in excess of $60 m illion. Geographically, the Nor theas tern States recorded the highest increase in volum e for auto theft, followed b y th e N ortb Central and Western States. The South ern S tates r ecorded no change in th e volume of car theft . ationally , auto theft reached its peak durin g the mon th of October, 1965 . Abou t on e of every four auto t h efts was cleared by the arrest of the offender. The burden placed on law enforcement in this important category is readily recognizable by t he involvement of young persons in the transpor tation-type thefts . Citizen alertness in keeping cars locked and in n ot leaving k eys in igni tions or ignitions unlocked would aid materially in r ed ucing th ese th efts since so many occur due to th e acces ibility of th e vehicle and the easy opportunity presented for theft . Across the Nation, aITests for a uto th eft decr eased 3 percent. Arrests of p ersons under 18 d ecreased 5 p ercent, while adult arrests increased a slight 1 percent . Since 1960, howev er, arrests for auto l7 �th ef t for p er son s under 18 y ear s of age incr eased 44 p er cent and aidults 37 p ercent. Offenders under t he age of 18 accou n ted for 6 2 p ercent of the arrests while p ersons under 25 wer e respon sib le fo r 88 percen t of t h e t otal ~rrests fo r auto t h eft. T h e 15-19 year ol d gro up r ecorded t he highest arrest r ate for a u to t h eft . Males m a de up 96 percent of t he arrests for t his offense. Of all p erson s ch ar ged wit h a u to t h eft, 6 1 p er cent a r e referred to juvenile com t. W it h r esp ect t o the a dul t_ offender s 54 p er cen t ~ ere found a uilty of auto t h eft, 16 p ercent gu ilty of som e l esser off en se and 30t:ip er cen t h ad t h eir cases dism issed or w er e a c quitted . N early two-t hirds of a ll a u to thefts occur at n igh t a nd over on e-half ar e from private residen ces, a p art ments or streets in residential areas . While r ecoveries of stolen a u tomobiles run h igh, p olice a re not a ble i n m ost instan ces to determin e t h e p ur p ose of the theft unless a n a rres t is m ade. Prior surveys h ave disclosed, however , that abo u t 75 percent of t he car s stolen wer e u sed for tran sp ortation or t h e purp os e of the t heft was not known . E igh t p ercent wer e tak en for t he purpo e of stripping for p_ar ts , 5 p er cent wer e u sed in another crime or for escape and the r em amder for resale purposes . L aw enforcement a o·en cies ar e faced with a constan tly r ising numb er of car s b ein g stol en for _stripping for p arts .. R eg_a rdless of the pur pose of the theft, a n exten t rme and .effor t are r e quired to handle and sive amount of p oli process t h ese thefts . The mount_mg number of au to thefts wit h t h e avernge val u~ of the stol en car bemg $1,030 , p l us t h e added costs d u e to incr ea~ed m surance rat~s, d amages to the st ol en vehicles a n d t h e inconvem en ce and economic loss_for t h e owner combine to m a l t • • c re au o t heft a very exp ensive cr im e problem. C learances I n 1965 the clear ance or p olice sol ution r ate nationall , . · 11y unc h an ge · d f r om 1964 . Reports fron 1 Y ~ a f 24 .G p ercent, vutua 1 · f or 1965 d'1sc1osed p olice · clear ed by a rrest of th aw en ment agen cies ft' or<·ed · 1 means 9 1 p er cen t of t h e mur d er 5 4 e o en or by except10na . or . , percent of t he r eported form'bl e. r ap e, 73 percen t of t h e ao·o'l'a, ·.,ted , l t:i:::, a:::;sa p ercent of the rob b ery. P roperty crim e cleara n'"c . u t. ·<:tn d 3 '~ lower wit h clearance sh own in 25 p ercen t of the bl71~0 .;::,ie, o f co ~i r::;c , of th e l arceny -theft an d 25 percen t of t h e auto t h f; {' 2 0 pei cent crimes universally h awed a low er clear a n ce rat de t. he properl y d h e u e o the v O1un1e u (' these offen es an t e ab sen ce of wit n esse to t . mos of the .W hen clearan ce for n egligen t man sl a u o·h ter d 1 . - e c11mes. in value ar e d elet ed from the compu tat~n s t~n ficeny u nder $50 for the erious, or Cr im e Index offen es b ' e po ice clear ance r ate . . cl earino· , cecome gr ap hi c ally, p o1.ice exp erience m .- . b 26 ·3 percen t . G eo:::, 11mes Y ai·1·est · l only < , vu.nee 18 �CRIMES CLEARED BY ARREST 1965 AGAINST THE PERSON CLEARED 91 % 85% NOT CLEARED MURDER NEGLIGENT MANSLAUGHTER nt 64 70 FORCIBLE RAPE nt AGGRAVATED 73 70 ASSAULT AGAINST PROPERTY CLEARED NOT CLEARED J8% ROBBERY 25 % 20% 25 % BURGLARY LARCENY A UTO THEFT FBI CHART Chart 6 rn �slightly . T he highest overall clearan ce r ates were rep~rted by the South Atlan tic and West South Centr al States , each w ith 27.6 p ercen t. Since 1961 police clearan ces h a v e d ecreased 8 percent wi.t h all Crime Ind ex classifications disclosing a d ownward trend. Statistical d ata was collected in 1964 fo r t h e firs t time w hich p ermitted t he publication of figures indica t ing the extent of the implication of persons under 18 in t h~· C rime Index offenses as m easured by the numb er of crimes clear ed b y arres t s of persons in this young ao·e o-roup . The sta tistics r ep or ted b y p olice in 19 65 confirm t h e e;p e;ience of t he preceding year. P ersons u nder 18 y ea rs of age wer e iden tified as having b een involved in 30 p er cent of the ser ious or Crime Index offenses which wer e cleared b y arrest . By includino· . 0 clear ances for larceny under $50 and negligent manslaughter , th e juvenile p er cen tage jum ps to 37 p er cen t . The young age grou p 10 to 17 years n ow m ak e up approximately 15 p er cen t of t h e total United States population and b ased on p olice solutions of crimes, they commit 42 p ercen t of all prop erty off enses . B oth a rrest s a nd clear a n ces a r e useful as indices to measure invol vement of y outh in cr im es commi tted in a cer tain ar ea or comm unity. Arrest s show the numb er of p er so n s involved w~ e clea~·an ce~ ~easure t h e extent to which yo ung p eople can be identified ,'\Tl.th crrm~ al acts. Clear ances a r e on e m easure of p olice activity to control cn me; arrests for crimin al acts a r e a n oth · . er . Further information re1atmg to arrest d ata will b e found in subsequ e t pages of t his publication . n · In considering crime clearan ces it is J?oin ted ou t again t h at t h e arrest of one person can clear s~ver al crimes or , on the other hand several persons m ay be arrested m t h e process of clearino· one er· P olice count a clearance wh en they h ave iden tified th e offen d . lime . . " a nd actu ally tak e him ·nto e1, t lave sufficient evi"d ence to ch ar ge h 1m d 1 . al clear an.ce are cou nted w h en som cus I n t ance of exception 1 ·o ·Y . · bey ond police contro1 prevents t h em from form ally h- e , e.· ement . . . ' f 1 c mgmg h offender , sue as _VIct1m s re usa to prosecu te or prose tL· ' dan · · h· eu of· prosecut10n · cu 1011 eclmed m e1sew h er e. Pe rsons A rreste d In the period 1960- 1965 p olice arrests for all crimin 1 traffic off enses, h ave n.· sen 10 p er cen t . D ur ino· th·a. act ' except . . arrests of· p erson un d er 18 years of a,o·e. '='jum l ::s dsan1e penod police For the am e p eriod of t ime t h e increase in° t h e 1 ~~ 17 54 _Per cent . popula tion was 17 p er cen t. Thus, it can be cl ·l b age gro u p . cr ease m . t h e mvol . p er cen tage m vem en t of thes e:11 _ y o served t l10 . _ . m or e t h an tr· el Joth u no· measw·ed b y po1we arrests, 1s ·:--. per~

sons, as

1 P e ·mcr ea e m · t h e nat10na · 1 p opulation. · en perce n t age Keep in · l l . • rela tively sm a 11 per cen tage of th e t otal you n o· n0 •u nc ' 1oweve. 1 , th at a in volved in criminal acts, les th an 5 ou t of population becomes 20 °i~o~ �·ch pere implieasure d F of age ~ri o us o r ~eluding er, the o up 10 United ommit er so ns people - ure of otherequen t at t he hand crime have ',., todY em en t er 1; il,n de- ,;.:cep t eriod ·cent - ·ro li P tb C s, [L S IJUL~ e ' at a JJJ.es When only the serious crimes are used for trend purposes during this six-year period, it is noted t hat arrests increased 33 percen t. Arrests of the under 18 age gTOup for the same crimes rose 47 percen t. Although adult arr ests were up sharply dlU'ing this period, the upward trend for the young age group was double that for adults. The young age arrests for violent crimes were up 50 percent and for the property crimes 4 7 percent. Adul t arrests for the violent crimes for the same period were up 17 percent and for property crimes 25 percent. Arrests are first a mea ure of police activity as it relates to crime. Arrests do, however , provide a useful index to measure involvement in criminal acts by the age, sex and race of the perpetrators particularly for those crimes which have a high solution rate. Procedures used in this Progi-am require that an arrest be counted on each sep ar ate occasion when a person is taken into custody, notified , or cited. Arrests do no t measure the pecific number of individu als taken in to custody since one person may be arrested several times during the year for the same or different offenses . This h appens frequently for certain types of offenses against public order such as drunken ness, vagrancy, disorderly conduct and related violations. In 1965, arrests for all crimin al acts, excluding traffic, in cr eased less than 1 percent over 1964. Nationally, there were 37 arrests fo r each 1,000 persons in the United States. The arrest rate for cities as a group was 43 per 1,000 population, for suburb an areas 22, and for the rmal areas 16. The total volume of city arrests in cr eased almost 1 percent, suburban 5 percent, and rural 2 p ercent. N ationn.lly, persons under 15 years of age made up 9 percent of the total police arrests; under 18, 21 percent; and under 21, 32 percent. In the suburban areas the involvement of the young age group i11 police arrests is considerably higher than the n ational figure with the under 15 age group represented in 12 percent; under 18, 32 percent; and under 21, 45 percen t . In the rural area the di ·tributions were lower for the younger age gro up with the under 15 age group bein g involved in 4 percent of the total police arrests ; under 18 in 19 percent ; and those under 21 in 35 percent. In revie\\"ing arrest .figures it is important to keep in mind that police arrest practices and emphases vary " ·hi cb "·ill acco unt for som e \·a,riation s in these statistics from year to year. It is noted that arrests of perso11s under 18 rose 35 percent for prostitution an d com mercialized vice, and 38 percent for Narcotic Drug Law violations. In fact, nationally, approximately 1 of every 4 individuals arre ted for violations of the Narcotic Drug Laws was a person under 21 years of age. Arrests for Narcotic Drug Law violations were up 12 percen t nationally. From 1960 to 1965 arrests for th is violation in creased 46 21 �~! ercent. There is set fort h belo.'" a tabu_lation gaographi? region o rnvolved m theauestof theoffender. sh0wing p · the t yp eofnarcotic-druo· Geographic regions Northeastern Narcotic drug laws (percent): . . . ' Opiu m or cocaine and their denvat1ves ___ _ Marijuana __ ________________ ____ __ ____ ___ ___ _ Synthet ic narcotics___ _- ------.- - - -- -- - - -- - -, Other-dangerous nonnarcotic drugs_- - - -- 54. J 22. 5 2. 5 20. 9 North Cen tral 35. 1 28. 4 G. 0 30. 4 Sou t hern 26. 8 19. 0 ,7.. 6 46. 6 Western 24. 0 47. 2 G. x 22. 0 Male arrests for all crimes outnumbered female arrests 7 to 1; however , female arrests continued to incr ease m ore ;r apidly in 1965. There s little chano·e in total male arrests, up 1 p ercent, and female arrests O wa · ily m · fl u en cecl b y a 9 percen t increased 2 percent. This "-as pnmar 1· crease in arrests of young females under t he age of 18. Fem ales ~ere arrested in 12 percent ,of the seriou s or Crime Index-type offen ses. ~heir involvement in these crimes is primarily for l arceny. Femal es accounted for 18 percent of the forgery, 20 percent of the fraud and 17 percen t of the embezzlemen t arrests. Persons Charged In 1965 in the serious cr ime categories there was a significant 5 percent decrease f~·om 196~ in th e number of adul~s found guilty and n - sharp 13 percen t mqrease m th e nu mber of acquittals and dismissals . Each of these serious crimes contribu ted to the increase in the percentao-e of those acquitted or dismissed. Three out of every 10 murde1· d: fendants were either acquitted or their cases were di :missed at some prosecutive stage, about o~e-third ~f t~ose charged with for cible rape were acquitted or had theu- ca e d1sm1ssed and over one-third of the persons charged with ag_g ravated as~at~t won freed om through acquittal or dismissal. Acqmttals and d1sm1ssals r an h igh i n the N ar co ti c Drug Law violations ':-hi~h wer e up from 36 percent in 1964 to ;38 percent in 1965 . A s1g~11fican~ fact emerges-since 1962 acq uittals and dismissals for the serious crunes, as a group, h ave risen 14 percent . Not all p ersons aues ted a~·e turned :)Ver to t h e courts for pr osecu tio u . Some ~f t~e reasons for _tb1 are: failure of the victims to cooperat e or testify m the prosecution, person s arrested are released with warn ings, polic~ deter~ine t~e arrested ~)erson d id no t commit the offen se and sufficient evidence 1s not obtamabl e to support either a forma l charge or a subsequent pro ecution. I t is noted for ex.a11,, 1 t l t . nationftlly law enforcement agencies handle ab out, 50 pe. . . ,p t e, f rn . . . o t 110 J·uveniles they arrest w1thm their own agencies a.nd relea~ rcen t 1.

se uese you n~·

22 �persons without preferring a formal charge or referring them to juvenile authorities. In this Program, all law enforcement agencies are urged to obtain and report final dispositions in cases in vol ving persons they arrest. Tables containing this data commence on p age 103. Included in these tables are j11veniles (local age limit) who were arrested and turned over to juvenile authori ties in connection with specific criminal acts. In using these figures keep in mind that p olice methods of handling juvenile offenders differ widely. In 1965 in the serious or Index crime categories 8 out of every 10 per ons arrested were form ally charged by police. Of the adul ts who were ch arged for these Index offenses, 58 p ercent were found guilty as charged, 12 percent guilty of a lesser crime, and 30 percent were acquitted or their cases were dismissed. The highest p ercen tage of persons found guilty on the original charge was in the larceny category where 70 percent of the defendants were convicted for larceny. This was followed by 54 percent conviction on the origin al ch arge for auto theft, 51 percent for r obbery and burglary, 48 percent for murder, 41 percent for aggravated assaul t and 40 percen t for forcible rape. The offense showing the highest percen tage conviction on a lesser charge was murder where one of every 5 defendants was convicted on some charge other than criminal homicide . The offense which had the highest p er centage of acqui ttals and dismissals was forcib le r ape with 43 percent. Person s charged with larceny h ad their cases dismissed or were acquitted least often-24 p er cent of the time. In 45 percent of the cases where formal charges were preferred the offense was referred to juvenile court jurisdiction . Juvenile referr als were highest fo r auto theft with 61 p ercent. Youn g person s were referred to juvenile co urt jurisdiction after being ch arged in 52 percent of the burglary cases, 45 percent of the l arceny, 34 percent of the r obbery, 24 percent of the forcible rape, 15 p er cent of the aggravated ass au l t and 7 percent of the criminal homicide. When all crime categories are reviewed , i t is found co n victions on original charges remained high in the offen ses against public order and decency-driving while intoxicated, drunkenness, disorderly co nduct and vagrancy. Offenses of ar son and vand alism recorded th e greatest percentage of juvenile referrals. Mo bility o.f the Offender As indicated in other pages of this publication, the mobility of t he general population, and specifically the mobility of the criminal offender, influences crime rates from jurisdiction to j misdictionstate, county and l ocal . This factor of mobility h as mul tiplied police problems in the contr ol of crime and the performance of other 23 �WASHINGTON, D. C. M·ETROPOUTAN ARE A OTHER MARYL 1A ND MAR :Y LA N D S,U BU :R BAN V.IRGIN I A Oil"HER VIRGIN II A PO PU LA TION, 2 ,'389,00C AREl , 1, 43·5 'SQi;£ RE M OU. ES Ch a.1·t 7 FBI CHART 1. e services. L aw enfor cem en t agencies, p articluu.rly in suburb a n po IC • · l 'd .l · · m.eas, h ave been exp en encm 1· res1 ent 1poplua t1on ,i n crensec; 1 g. s 1arp wi'th . OU t a propor tional g,r ow tJ m p 0n ce personne . ' . In 1965 suburban police agen cies ihad an average ?f po~ c~ officers per l '. OOO pop uln.tion , considerably b elow th e 1: a tion al aver age. Add to t lus u co ns tant fl.ow of nonresident p op~at10n_ fi~orn oth er p arts of the metr op olitan . a as well as th e mobile crnnm al, and a gr.ea t er s train is p la.ced L2

the already inadequate p olice str ength in sub u1·ban communit ies .

In an a ttempt to m easure the m obility factor in a m etropolitan ar ea, the 17 muni_cipal p o~ic~ agen cies in th e Washington, D .C ., Standard Metropoh tan Statrnt1cal _Area cooperated with the FBI by fmnishing information m a sp ecial survey con d ucted in t h e Fall (Octob er-November ) of 1964. Some high lights of th is s t u dy are set 24 �forth below. It is reasonable to assume that the experience of this metropolitan area would be very similar to that in other large metropolitan population centers. For all criminal acts, excluding traffic offenses, 15.3 percent of the persons arrested in the entire Washington, D .C., metropoli tan area were nonresidents of the place where arrested. When drunkenness and disorderly conduct arrests were excluded, 17 .3 percent of the offenders were nonresidents. For the crimes against the personmurder , forcible rape and aggravated assault- IO percent of the persons arrested were nonresident offenders. While 9 percent of the robbery arres ts were of nonresiden ts, 19 percent of the persons arrested for burglary, larceny and auto theft as a group were nonresidents of the community where the crimes were committed . These mobile off enders were primarily from some part of the metropolitan area (64 percent), although they traveled to another political subdivision of the area to commit their criminal acts. Fomteen percent came from a state other than Maryland and Virginia and the District of Columbia. Twenty-two percent were from Marylan d or Virginia but resided beyond the suburban fringe. The Maryland and Virginia suburbs of this metropolitan area experienced proportionately a greater degree of criminal mobili ty than the large core city, Washington, D.C. In these suburbs 31 p-ercentof all persons taken into custody were nonresidents of the community where arrested. For the crimes against the person 16 percent of the persons arrested were nonresidents. For the property crimes of burglary, i·arceny and auto theft 39 percent were nonresident offenders. In suburban robberies it was disclosed that over one-half were sol ved by the arrests of offenders who were nonresidents of the community where the crime occurred. These mobile offenders by sex were 91 percent m ale and 9 percent fem ale. The nonresident female offenders were arrested primarily on charges of larceny, assault, drunkenness and disorderly conduct. A percent distribution by age gro up and type of offense of these mobile offenders for the entire metropoli tan Washington, D.C., area is set for th below. Nonresident Offender- Percent Dis tribution by Age G1·oup and Type of Offen se T ype of offen se Violent cri mes (m urder, forcib le rape, robber y , aggravated assau lt) __ ___ ____ Property crimes (b urglary, larceny, auto the ft,) _______ D runkenness an d d isorderl y cond uct __________ _ Other offenses ____ ____ . ____ - Under Under 20-24 25-29 20 - 18- - - - - - - 30-34 35-39

40-44 - 45-49 - - 50 nnd ovor 16. 7 34. I 0.8 10. 6 11. 4 o. 1 3.8 30. 7 22. 9 12. 7 12. 0 8. 0 7. 0 2. 5 4. 2 9. 5 27. 1 12. 0 0. 8 11. 0 11. 7 ll . I 12. 6 II. 9 9. 4 9. 2 14. 0 21. 9 16. 3 4. 3 13. 4 8. 9 14. 8 27. 2 20. 9 10. 8 11. 7 JO. 8 8. 5 3. 6 6. 9. 1 17. 7 1. 6 4. - -- -- -- -- -- -- -- --- Total, less d ru nkenness a nd d isorderly cond u ct_ __ __ ________ 25 221 - 746° - 66--3 �Victim The increasing mobility of the general population, p articul arly within a metropolitan area, also places greater demands on police protection needs. Crime and police employee rates in this publication are based on permanent or residen t population figures since transient population counts are not ~vailable. However, the constant flow of nonresident population within and through metrop olitan areas , particularly by means of the automobile, is a factor for consideration in establishing police needs in each community. . This -survey in the W ashington, D.C. , metropolitan area revealed that 21 percent of the victims were nonre idents of the community in which the crime was committed. Specifically, in crimes again s t the person 15 percen~ of the victims were nonresidents and 22 p er cent of the robbery victims did not reside in the community where v ictim ized. W ith r espect to the crimes against property, particul arly larceny and auto theft, 30 percent of the victims were nonresiden ts. There were proporti~nately m~re nonresident victims of property crimes in the large city, W as~mgto_n,. D .O ., than suburbia, 35 percent versus 20 percent.. 'l'rans1en t victrms of r obbery were also hio·her in the large city, 22 percent, compar ed with 14 p ercent in t h e s ubl~·bs. For the crimes against the person, nonresident v ictims were in the same :proportion in both the large city and the submbs. There is set forth below a comparison based on av erages rela tino· victims and offenders by age, sex, mobility and type of crime . 0 Compariso n of victim and offcnde1- f age, sex and mobility by t Ype o . c nrne Victim Offe nder P crce-11tagc Per centage Average age Sex R esiden t M alo F em ale -Cr imes against person (murder, forcible rape a ncl aggrava ted assault) __ R obbery_-- - ------ - -- --- --Crimes against proper ty (burglary, larceny and au to theft) ____________ ___ 31 34 57 77 3 75 N o nresid ent Average age Sex Rcsident - - - - - -- -Ma le F emale 43 85 78 23 25 I 70 15 22 30 31 20 23 G 98 94 14 2 6 88 91 85 Nonr esiden t 12 9 15 A review of this table indicates victims are older t h an off except for crimes again t the per~on, particlllarly murder d e n d ers an aggra26 �vated assault . Offenders are primarily m ale. This is true also of victims, alth ough in crimes against the person the percen tage of m ales is only slightly more than · h alf. T he nonresiden t is victimized most frequently by robbery or other forms of t heft . The abo,7 e material was gathered on th e basis of police solu tions of crime. I t is reasonable to assume th at a greater proportion of unsolved crimes are committed by m obile offenders. This is p articularly true for the crimes against property. It is also the property crimes which result in fewer clear an ces. Although we have highligh ted here t he mobility of the offender in the metrop olitan area, it is clear th at the v ast majority of offender s an d victims of crime are of local concern. The need for pol{ce to centralize criminal information is, therefore, apparent. This is especially true in view of the r epeater and the extent . to which he contributes to crime. Careers in Cri m e At the close of calendar year 1965 the criminal histories of 134,938 individual offenders h ad been en tered into a study of criminal careers which was initiated by t he FBI in J anuary, 1963. This progr am and t he publication of this material are made possible through the cooperative exchange of criminal fingerprint data among local, st ate and Federal law enforcement agencies which submit criminal fingerprint cards to the FBI's I dentification Division on persons whom they arrest. There is a lack of uniformity in submissions made by all law enfor cement agencies for all criminal charges but, gener ally, it is the practice to submit a criminal fin ger print card on all serious crimes, felonies, and certain misdemeanors. On the F ederal level almost all arrested persons are fingerprinted_by the arresting F ederal agency, United States Marshals and/or the Bureau of Pri ons. Using this positive m eans of iden tification it is possible to obtain the criminal history of an offender. T his history is limited, of course, to the extent that the offender is detected, arrested, a fi ngerprint card submitted at arrest and a disp osition is furnished for the arrest. The fingerprint files of these known offenders are "fl.ashed" in the FBI IdenLification Division thus providing a means of follow-up with respect to their future criminal involvement. Additional informa tion received on these persons is added to th e record which has b een previously stored on magnetic tape. For the most part, th ese offenders are persons who have been arrested on a Federal ch arge in 1963, 1964 or 1965, parolees, persons on probation, serious state violators arrested 27 �as fugitives under th e Fugitive Felon Act , p~u s ~ocal viol ator s ':ho ~omprise abou t 25 p ercen t of the ~ot_al. Chrom e_v10la tor s of t~e rmm 1gr ation la,Ys and those ,Yhose cn m m al fin gerprmts are submitted b y th e military are not included in the tabula tions . The d a t a which follows is based on an analysis of the crim inal activity of offenders on whom finger print cards wer e r eceiv ed from J anuar y 1, 1963, to December 3 1, 1965. F or th e 134,938 offender r ecords which h ave been p rocessed , 3 ou t of every 4 wer e repeaters ; th a t _is, t h ey h a d a prior arrest on some charge. T his entire sample h ad an aver age criminal car eer of m or e than 10 years (span of y ear s from first to last ar rest) d m·ing w hich th ey averaged 5 arrests, 2 .4 convictions and 1.5 im prison m ents . Disposition data is two-thirds comple te for fel onies but more in com plete for the misdemeanors or m inor offen ses. L enien cy in the form of probation, su spended sen tence, parole and conditional r elease h ad been affor ded to 51 per cen t of the offender s . After t he first leniency this group averaged m or e th an 3 n ew arres ts. The gr oup gr an ted leniency h ad, on the aver age , a criminal career extending over 12 years and th ey accumulated approximately sev en arres t s each. The mobility of these _134 ,938 offender s r eveals t h at sligh tly . over 52 per cent were arrested m one s tate, 25 p er cent in two s tates a n d 2 2 percent in three or m or e states . A distribution by sex indicates t h a t 93 percent were males and 7 p ercen t fem.ales . By r ace 70 per c~~t were white, 27 percen t Negro and 3 p er cen t all oth er. ' ~he _foll~wing table se ts for th a distribu tion b y age gr ou p in 1965 , a d1stnbut10n by age at first arres t and mobility b y age group . Tabl~ A .- Dis t ribut ion by Age G rou p A ge, 1965 Age group . ' u mber A ge at nr sL a rrest P e rcent Under 20____ __ ___ ______ ______ _____________ ____ _ ?024 ____ ---- -- ---- --- - - - - -- - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - 25- 29 ___________ ________ ______ _____ _________ --- 30-39 __ - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - 40-49__ ___ ___ _________ ______ _________ __ ____ ____ _ 50 and over. _________ __ __ _____ _________ _________ 6,322 25, 9 4 25,1 51 37, 969 24, 044 15, 46 - - -- ___ T ot al. . _--------------------------------134, 938 umber 4. 7 19. 3 18. G 28. l 17. S 11 _5 P ercent ? 5 023 -, 3 ,200 7 17,307 l ?:. 145 38. 6 27. 6 12 . S 12. 7 !• 421 ?i·. g a , 836 - IClQO - ~ - -- 1-00:0 u I D is t r ibution by Mob i lit y Age group i[.. :··;_. Arres ts in J s i atc i:::m T ota!_ __ _____ ___ _____ _______ ______ ________ ______ __ - P,"'"lll ~ 52. 2

28

Arres ts in 2 s tates ""•m ~! A rrests in 3 or m ore s t ates Pm , rn ~l _ _ _ _"_-1_· 2_ 1_ _ ___ _2_3_. o 25. 4 22. 4 �This sample of almost 135,000 individual criminal records is primarily made up of Federal offenders in the sense that it was their involvement with the Federal process which brought them into the program. Keep in mind, however, that most of the Federal crimes as defined by statute are also local in nature. These violators are generally t he serious off enders and, therefore, likely repeaters since it _is not police practice to submit fingerprint cards on minor or petty crimes. Profiles Table B , Profile of Known Repeaters by Type of Crime, provides pertinent information for comparative purposes. It suggests the extent to which the repeater contributes to our crime ·counts year in and year out. The group of offenders making up T able B are repeaters ; that is, they have been arrested at least twice and were selected by type of crime based on their last charge. The average age of these offenders ranged from 27 years for the au to thief t o 45 years for the gambler . For the auto thief who repeated in that offense, the average age at first arrest for auto theft was 23 and the gambler 40 years of age. Again, the extreme ranges of average age at first arrest for any offense were the gambler 31, and the auto thief, r obber, and burglar 20 years of age. Since fingerprint cards are not submitted with any degree of consistency on juvenile arrests, the average age at first arrest is influenced upward. Criminal careers of these offenders ranged from 13 yeal'S for the gambler to 6 years for the more you thful auto thief and rapist. However , averages indicated th at the burglar, auto thief and robber had the highest rate of repeating in the serious crime categories. More than h alf of the crimes committed by these offenders were of the Crime Index type; namely , murder, forcible rape, r obbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny and auto theft. Repeating in the same crime was highest for the nar cotic offender 53 per cen t, the burglar 48 percent, the gam bler 47 percent, and the bogus check offender 40 percent. Thirty-six percent of the au to thieves repeated in au to theft during t he course of their criminal careers and 33 per cent of the robbers repeated in robbery. F or the crimes against the person- murder, r ape and felonious assault- t he rate of repeating in t he sam e crime is considerably lower than for t he property offenses. The frequency of leniency action in the form of probation, suspended sentence or p arole ranged from 38 percen t for the murderers to 55 percent for the bmglars. Like the burglar , 54 percent of the bogus check offenders also had leniency ; yet, both of t hese. criminal ty pes have a high rate of repeating and, r epeating in the same offense. The 29 �Table B.-Projile of K nown Rep ea.te rs by Ty p e of Crime M urder rota! n um ber or su bjects ______ __ __ ___________ __ __ verage age 1965 __ ___ __ ____ __ _______ ____ __ ____ ____ Average age fi rst arrest for specific charge______ ___ Average age at fi rst arrest ____ ___ __ __ ___________ ___ Average criminal career (yrs) _______ ____________ __ Average arrests d uring crim inal career_ _____ ____ __ rime Index arrests . . _---- --------- -------- ----- F requency of arrest on specific charge (percen t): One ____ __ _______ __________ ____ .----- -------T 11·0______ ____ _____ ____ __________ __ __ __ _____ __ T hree or more ________ ___ _____ __ _____ __ ______ _ Frequency or leniency action on any charge (percent): One _______ -- ___--- __ ______ -- --------- ----- -- - 900 34 32 24 9 G 3 8 11 Felonious assault Robbery Burglary Au to theft 4, 330 32 30 23 9 7 3 6, 028 29 26 20 JO, 260 28 24 20 993 28 26 20 6 6 3 1, 127 34 31 25 8 6 1 9, 661 32 27 22 77 Sex offenses Narcotics Rape Gambling 8 8 7 4 8 4 17,310 27 23 20 6 6 3 67 21 12 52 24 24 64 22 14 85 13 2 78 14 8 47 21 32 30 26 9 6 28 7 23 4 3 33 12 6 30 10 4 9 7 2 3, 963 45 40 31 13 5 Bogus checks l 53 12,772 34 30 23 9 7 2 60 20 20 I 16 7 26 8 4 28 9 5 28 Three or more ______ ______________ __ _____ _____ 7 34 13 8 T otal (percent) ______ . ____ ___ ___________ ___ _ 38 42 46 55 45 44 41 46 30 54 Len iency on specific charge (percent) ______ ___ ___ _ Average arrests arter fi rst leniency ___ ____ __ ___ 5 5 7 5 II 18 6 27 6 5 8 4 8 6 24 6 12 4 27 5 Mobility (percent): Arrests in 1 State ___ ___ _____ ____ ____ ______ ___ Two States __ 'l' hree or more States_. ________ _____ __ __ ______ 47 31 22 41 3fi 24 39 29 32 34 32 34 33 32 35 40 31 29 43 29 57 26 17 71 20 9 37 2i 36 '"11 \ VQ___________ _ __ __ _________ _____ __ _ __ _ __ ___ _ I ll 9 28 IL 22 25 9 �auto thief, bogus check offender and the narcotic violator had the highest proportion of leniency for specific charges. The forger, the auto thief, the burglar and the robber recorded the highest mobility with over 30 percent having been arrested in 3 or m ore states during the course of their criminal careers. Follow- up The first results of follow-up since this program was initiated in J anuary, 1963, are set forth in T able C below. The 6,907 offenders in this tabulation represent crimin al offenders who were released to the street between Janu ary and June, 1963. They were released either by prob ation , suspended sentence, parole, fine or acquittal and dismissal. By the posting of "flash" notices in the criminal identification records of these offenders, arrests for new crimes were added to each record when received through the submission of a fingerprint card . The cutoff date on follow-up was June, 1965; therefore, the experience reported below covers a two-year period. Age was computed a t time of entry into the progr am in 1963. As a group, 48 percent of these offenders were arrested for new crimes within two years- namely between June, 1963, and June, 1965. Table C. - Repeate rs By Age Group [Two-year follow-up) R epeaters Non re peaters A ge T otal ' umbe r U nder 20_ ·-- --- -------- - --------- - -- - -- - - 00-24 . - - -- - - --- --- - - - - - --- ------- - - - ------ 2,S-?<l - - - - - - --- - -- -- --- - - - -- ---- ----------- 30--39 ___-- - - - - -- - - -- -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 40-49 ___over -- -------------- - - -____ - - - -___ - --____ __ --_ 50 a nd _____ ____ ______--_____ Tota l a ll ages ______ ____ ____ _________ _ 871 1, 565 ] , 11 8 1, 620 1, 069 664 P ercent Percent 365 664 511 869 678 503 41. 9 42.4 45. 7 53. 0 63. 4 75. 8 506 901 607 751 391 161 58. 1 57. 6 54. 3 46. 4 36. 6 24. 2 3,590 52. 0 3, 317 48. 0

1 6,907 Number When the above records are examined by type of offense for which charged at time of release to the street, it was found tha t 59 percent of the burglars, 70 p er cent of t he auto thieves and 64 percent of the robbers r ep eated. Of t hose charged with theft 45 percent repeated, as d id 65 percen t of the n arcotic offenders and 49 percent of the forger s . Police Employee Data Tables ar e set for th commencing on page 148 of this publication which contain information on aver age police strength by geographic division and p opulation group, p er cent civilian employ ees, law enforcement officers assaulted and killed in the line of duty and indi- 31 �. vidual city listino·s of po1ice emp1oyees fo1· cit ies ·w ith over 2,500 p opulation ,Yhich ~uade th eir figures ·availabl e. The year 1965 witnessed no ch an_ge in the national police empl oyee r ate for all cities " ·hen compared with 1964. The average r ate of 1.9 p olice employees per 1,000 pop~1lation (includi?g civilian _Perso1:n_el) has been r elatively constant srnce 1958 despite th e r apidly n sm g incidence of crime and the gro,Ying frequency in the n umber of requests for police service. 11any dep ar tments are below this aYerage, however, ,Yhen arrayed it i found that one-half of t he depar tments h ave a police employee rate of 1.4 per 1,000 p opulation or less. Due to the fact that on the aver age 85 to 90 percent of the total police budget is for salarie , it is incumbent on the l a " · enforcement administrator to insure b e is utilizing available manpo,Yer in the most efficien t and effective way. A table is offered this year (T able 44) " ·hich, for the first tin1.e, provides figures as to t he average police empl oyee r atio using only s"·orn p olice personnel as a b ase. I t "ill be n oted the nation al aYerage decreases to 1.7 per l ,00_0 p opulation when.civilian employees ar e eliminated from t he tabulations. There exists a h ealthy and gr owing trend among l aw enfor cement agencies to utilize civilian employees in clerical and other n onp olice j obs which r el eases sworn personnel for patrol and other enforcement functions . Efforts in t his direction are important at any t ime, but particularly now ,Yhen · r ecrniting accep table. officer candidates is d ifficul t. C ri~n e in t he sub~u:bs continues to _increase at a more rapid pace than m t he large c1tie:3, yet the n ational police employee ratio for suburban areas of 1.4 IS well b elow the average for all cities. This figure i reduced ~o 1_.2 _when civilian p ersonnel are excluded . When m·~·ayed by quartil~, it IS found t h at at least 50 p ercent of the cities in tlns, group h ad police employee rates ranging from 1.0 to 1.6. 1 be average employee rate for sh eriffs' department · 1 0 b t drops to less than on e (0.8) when onh, sworn pei· Isl · ' u · d Wh . ·1 .1 sonne are cons1dere . en qu art1 es are used the rates rar1 f 0 ge r om .3 to 0 g per 1,000 popu1at10n ~or 50 p ercent of t h e departments. · It must be recogm zed that the law enforce t . .. . m_en responsibihhes of berifl'::;' departments differ co · d _ bl . n sI er a y lll vario us sect· f tl niled States. In ome jurisdiction for .. ions O . ~e 1 · · · are 1·1mite · d m · 1arge part to civil f exa,mp e the shenfi fLCliVIties t" n ·

s·'

ments used in computing r ates, however . unc. 111n s. 1 he ?epart. . . O ·cal e po1ice actiV1ty an d are re ponsible f' are a, eno·ao·ed m f u11O forcem ent in their jurisdictions In ...· . orh all phases of l ftw en. u:smo t ese ra.t t· be exercised b ecause of the variations . "' t h ' < es cau 1011 must the duties performed by t h e heriff. in e nature and ex tent of Any_ attefn1dpt to men.sure police activity on the collection o n.ta can at best b e a rouo·h d . basis of a. broad o Yar stick. p o1·ice wor1"-tuads _1

12

° do li Cti of �do vary geogr aphically by volume and t ype of activity. · The t abulat ion below shows the n um ber of repor ted Crime Index offenses, criminal arrests made, and traffic ch arges issued per sworn police officer by geographic region . It is based on 1965 calend ar year data. This indicates a h igh rate of activity for th e police officer in the Western States followed by t he Sout hern and Nor th Cen tral States and a comparatively low activity rate in t he Nor t heastern S tates. A nn u al numbe r p e r o fficer ( g eogi-aphic re gion) Police Activity Crime Index offenses reported ___ _____ _____ ___ _ Drunkenness and disorderly conduct arrests ___ _ Other arrests (crimin al) ______ ___ ______________ _ Traffic charges issued ___ __ ______ _____ _____ ___ __ Northeastern 6. 5 3. 8 6. 4 130 North Central 10. 0 8. 7 15. 8 244 Southern 11. 3 21. 5 22. 1 ~4 Western 15. 8 14. 7 21.1 322 The police employee strengths of State P olice and State Highway Patrol organizations are set for th in T able 48. In addition , th is table provides information concerning th e miles of primar y highway and the number of state motor vehicle registrations per swor n employee by state. Figures with respect to average police strength , as well as r a tes which are set for th in T ables 43 and 44, are supplied as a guide and must not be interpreted as representing desirable or recom mended police strength. A careful analysis mus t be m ade of the various factors which contribute to t h e need for police ser vice in a given community before a dete · ation can be reached with regard to adequate manpower r ·1irements. Police Killed The number of law enforcement officers murdered in the line of duty in 1965 dropped slightly from 1964. T here were 53 police victims in 1965 whereas there were 57 officers murdered in 1964. With the addition of these 53 deaths the total number of police killings increased to 278 for the six-year period 1960- 1965. In 1965 there were 30 additional deaths of law enforcement officers as a r esult of accidents in the line of duty, most of which were automobile or motorcycle fatalities. Effecting arrests and transporting prisoners continue to carry the greatest risk for police as evidenced by the fact that 30 percent of the 278 men rnw-dered over the six-year period wer e engaged in h andling these p olice fun ctions . In fact, 42 percent of the 53 police killed in 1965 wer e making arrests or were transp orting prisoners who h ad been apprehended. A further analysis of the type of acti vity in which the 278 officers were involved discloses 21 percent were answering disturbance-t,ype calls, such as family quarrels, man with a g un, etc., while 20 percent were mmdered when they interrup ted a robbery in 33 �POLICE EMPLOYEE DATA AVERAGE NUMBER OF POLICE DEPARTMENT EMPLOYEES, AND RANGE IN NUMBER OF EMPLOYEES, PER 1,000 INHABITANTS BY POPULATION GROUPS, DECEMBER 31, 1965 7.8 5.4 4.2 3.8 AV. 2.6 ····· 2.8 AV. 1.7 t.O 3.6 ····· .9 AV. ·1.s AV. AV. 1.5 ..... ····· 1.4 ····· .6 .2 ALL CITIES CITIES OVER 250,000 CITIES 100,000 TO 250,000 CITIES 50,000 TO 100,000 Ch art 8 34 CITIES 25,000 TO 50,000 AV. 1.5 ····· .2 CITIES 10,000 TO 25,000 CITIES LESS THAN 10,000 FBI CH ART �I j j I j progress or were pursuing r obbery suspects. Interrupting burglaries in progress or pursuing burglar y suspects accounted for 12 percent of the deaths, investigating suspicious persons and circumstances 11 percent and 17 men or 6 percen t were murdered in unpro voked attacks by berserk or mentally deranged or disturbed individuals, a number of whom had prior histories of mental disorder s. In the following t able, police murders are distributed by geographic reg10n and by type of activity in which the officers were engaged . Police Killed by Geographic Region and Type of Activity 1960-1965 I. R esponding to "disturbance" cnlls (famil y quarrels , m an w it h gun, et c.). 2. Burglaries in progress or pursuing burglary s us pects _____ ___ ____ ______ ___ 3. Robberies in progress or pursuing robbery sus pects ______ ____ __ _______ ___ 4. A t temp t in g ot her arrests and t ransport in g prisoners __ _____ __________ __ ___ 5. Invest igating s uspicious persons a nd Total Northeast N orth Central 11 19 22 6 58 21 4 8 13 8 33 12 15 12 13 15 55 20 6 10 57 Ji 84 30 11 South W est .N um ber P ercent circwns tances _______ __________ ___ _____ 3 6 14 8 31 6. Berserk or deranged person (no wa rnin g-unprovoked attack) ______ ________ _ 6 2 7 2 17 6 Total __ ___ ____ ____________ _______ ___ 45 57 126 50 278 100 - -- In 1965 all b ut one of the 53 officers died from wounds inflicted by firearms-32 were victims of handguns, 13 were killed by use of shotguns and 7 by rifles. · Since 1960 firearms have been used in 96 percent of the murders of police officers in the line of du ty and of those killed by firearms, 78 percent were m urdered with handguns. Th e median period of police ser vice fo r officers slain since 1960 remain ed a t 6 years . Ten percent of the murdered officers had been employed in law enforcement one year or less, 59 percent h ad 5 or more years of police experience and almost one-third were veterans of 10 years or more service. Police officers on car p atrol contribu ted the h eaviest toll to those murder ed in 1965 with a total of 37 deaths . This is typical of the six-year period during which time 186 of the deceased officer were assigned to car p a trols, 24 were on foot patrol, 48 were detectives or were assigned du t ies of a specialized nature and 20 were technically off duty. The la tter became involved in the incidents which resul ted in their deaths by attempting to pre vent a crime occurring in their presence. During 1965, 27 of the officer s who died from criminal action were being assisted at th e time of the incident by a fellow officer while 26 were alone . During the six years for which these fig ures have been accumula ted 123 offi cers died while operating alone, whereas 155 were receiving assistance at the scene when they were killed. 35 �/ In studying police deaths in cit ies wher e depar t m ent policy is n with respect to u se of one-nian p a trol car s , t w o-m an p atrol l -:nowOT combinations of 1 and 2-m an p a trol car s, 1t . 1s . f oun d t h a t s~ cars t officer s lost their lives in 69 cit ies over the 6-y ear sp a n un~er co usideration. Forty-five (52 percen t) of th ese m en w ere a ssig ned to two-man car p atrols, while 42 (4~ percen t) were assigned to one-ma n cars. In carr ying this analysis a s tep fur t her i t is found th at in 22 of th e 42 incidents where the p olice vic tim was assign ed t o a on e-m an car the lone officer was receiving assistan ce fr om fell ow offi cer s a t the' scene of the crime. It is thus de termined th at of the 87 death s, officers were being aided at th e scene in 77 p er cen t of th e cases ai1d were alone at the scene in 23 p er cen t of the cases . I n th ose cit ies which u ed combin ations of 1 and 2-m an p atr ol car s t here wer e 36 mm·ders reported where th e officer s w er e en gaged in tw o-man car oper ations and 25 where one-m an car s wer e in u se . D uring 1964, the la test year for which figm es ar e available, th er e was a slight 3 percent upward trend in th e number of ci ties u sing only one-m an cars. T h ere w as a corresp ondin g 3 p er cen t d ecr ease in the number of cities u sin g combination s of on e and tw o-,ma n cars . The number of cities u~ing t:v_o-m an cars exclusively r emained at 5 p er cent of the _to t al repor tm g c1 ties, unchan ged fr om th e preceding ye ar . A table is presented this year whi ch indicates th e type of p olice duty to whi?h_ m1~.rder e_d officer s were a ssign ed , as well a s the type of police acti vi ty m whi ch t~ey wer e en gaged a t t h e t ime th ey w er e murdered. These figm es disclo e th e highes t incidence of p olice death s r esulted when th e law enforcemen t officer w h o were assio·ned to one-m an p atrol car s attem p ted to m ak e arrests or transport ; ris. d. oners. The second m ost fr equ ent set of circumstaiices s . urr oun 111 0· th ese death s occun:ed am o13:g officer s assign ed to tw o-m an car p atr ol: wh o_ were r esponding t~ di s t urb an ce calls including s u ch things as family quarrels, m an wi th a g un , etc. This ca teo·or·y f 11 d . o w as o ow e t 1 closely by death s of p olice officer s assio·ned to t,n 0 m . o vv an pa To cars who ,~er e m a~ ng arrests or tr anspor ting priso ner s . It sh o uld b e n oted m studym g these figm es th at as indica ted b . d to one-m an p atrol cars ' · officer s ass1gne and foot a t ove . l , m ~tny of. t. he . p a 1 0- w er e r ece1v1n ""o· fl.ss1stance on th e cene fr om fellow office-·s at th i e time of th e fa tal attack s. During th e six-year p eriod for which s tatis tics h ave b e . . th ere h ave been 362 p erson s invol ved as off d . en marn tam ed vVh en accoun t in g for th e e 362 ,. ~n . ers rn the 278 m urd ers . . . . p e1 on s , it is fo 1111d tlla t "'04 . . arrested 43 were slam Just ifiably b 0 \\.ele 1 , y p o ice at th e tin1 f t1. . 'd or shor tly th ereafter , 13 comm itted s u icide 1 d " e O ue m c1 enl and 1 drowned b efore b ein o· t al-en 1· ' t ' iecl a n atural d eath i":" t , o cus t ody. 36 �POLICE KILLED BY FELONS BY TYPE O F PO LI CE ACTIVITY 1960-- 1965 58 21% RESPONDING TO "DISTURBANCE• CALLS (Fa m ily q uarrels, man w ith g un, etc.) 33 12% • BURGLA RIES IN PROGRESS, OR PURSUING BURG LARY SUSPECTS ROBBERIES IN PROGRESS, OR PURSUING ROBBERY SUSPECTS A TT EMPTING OTHER ARRESTS AND TRAN.SPO RTING PRISONERS 31 11 % INVESTIG A TING SUSPICIOUS PERSO NS A NO ClRCUMSTA NCES 17 6% BERSERK OR DERANGED PERSONS (No warning - unprovoke d attack) 278 POLICE KILLED INCLUDES CITY, COUNTY, AND STATE_ POLICE FBI CHART Chart 9 Police Killed by Felons, 1960- 1965

' T wom an cars - One-man... cars Foot ' D etect ive a nd special assign1nen t Off d uty Total Alone Assisted 28 9 7 4 8 2 12 12 1 1 7 0 33 JO 14 5 5 12 9 55 21 32 6 6 15 4 84 7 14 1 3 5 l 31 4 2 I. 5 1 4 17 82 •s 3 21 24 48 20 278 --I. R esponding to " distu rbance" calls __ _ 2. Burglaries in progress, or pursuing burglary suspects ____ _____ ______ ___ 3. Robberies in progress, or pursuing robbery sus pects __ ______ ____ _______ 4. Attempl ing other a rrests and transporting prisoners __ _________ _____ ___ 5. Investigating suspicions persons and circumstances ____ ______ _______ _____ G. Berserk or deranged person (No wa rni ng-unprovoked attack) ______ T otaL __________ __ ___ ___ ___ -- - - - - 58 - - - --- - - -- - - - ----- - - - - - - •51 city police officers , 32 county an d state police officers. When an examination is made of the prior criminal histories of those involved, it is found that 76 percent had been arrested on some criminal charge prior to the time they became p ar ticip an ts in the police murders and, of even more significance, over one-half of this group had been previously arrested for assaultive-type crimes such as rape, robbery, as ault with a deadly weapon , assault with intent to kill, etc. In fact, t he r ecords d isclo e 9 indiv iduals had been charged on some prior occasion with an offense of murder . 37 �Seven of these had b een p aroled on_the m'.1rder_ char ge , one w as an escapee h aving fled confinem ent_while ~~rvrng_trme for murder,_and one was an escapee who fled while await m g trial for murder . Sixtyeio-ht per cent of t he 362 per sons wh o were resp onsib le are known to have had prior convictions on criminal charges and m ore t h an two-thirds of this group h ad received len iency in t h e form of p r obation or p arole on at least one of these convictions . 1\/fore t h an 1 of every 4 of t he m urd erer.s was on p arole or probation w hen h e killed a police officer. _ The murder ers of p olice officer s r anged in age from a b oy of 14 to a man of 73 . T he median age was 27. S eventeen of t h e sl ayer were under 18 years of age at the t ime t hey commit ted t h e offen se , 40 wer e in the 18- 20 year age group and 99 w ere in t h e 21-25 year bracket. T wenty-two were over 50 years of age when t h ey m urder ed a police officer and t h e h eaviest age con centration lies in the 20 to 30 age sp an with the highest frequ ency b ein g found at age 25 . T he national r ate for assaults on law enforcement officers in 1965 was 10.8 assaults for every 100 officer s . While these assaults did n ot always re~ult in p erson al injury to t h e officer -v ictim, in a pproxim at ely one-t ~rd of t ? ese assaults the officer d id suffer physical h ar m . Fmther details r elatm g to assaults on p olice by geogr aphic division and poptu atio~ group can b e found in T able 4 7 . B r iefly, t his t able discloses the high est overall assault r ate was in t h e E as t S outh Cen tral States with 18.3 a~suults p er ~00 p olice officers . This w as follow ed bv the Sou th Atlant ~c States with a r ate of 17 .8, the 1\/fou n tain Stat;s

J.2.9, ~nd _t~e- P acific §~ates 10.8. The r ate in each of the o t her geographic divis10ns was slightly b elow t h e national aver age .

0 -~ 38 �1Jjaw 1.Eufnrremeut Qlnhe nf 1.Etqtrn i\.a a 11Jant 1.Ettfnrr:emeut ®ffir:er. m'I /undamenlal dut'I it1 lo

Jerve m a nkind; lo tia/effuard /ivetl and properl'I; lo prolecl lhe innocent affaintil

decep lion, lhe weak affaintil opp,·et1t1ion or inlimidalion, and lhe p eace/uf affaintil violence or ditiorder; and lo retipecl lhe Contililulionaf riffhlt1 o/ all m en lo hberl'J, e9ualil'I and jutilice. II Will k eep m'I private li/e untiullied atl an example lo af/; mainlain couraffeoutl calm in lh e /ace o/danffer, :Jcorn, or ridicule; d evelop t1et/-ret1lrainl; and be con:Jlan tf'I mind/u f o/ lhe wet/are o/ olhertl . ..JJonetil in lhouffhl and d eed in bolh m'I pertlonaf a nd o//;.cial /i/e, .!J wilf be exempfar'I in obe'linff lhe fawtl o/ lhe land and lhe reffu fa liontl o/ rn'I d ep arlmenl. Whalever .!} tlee or h ear o/ a con/;.denliafnature or lh at it1 confid ed lo me in m 'I o//;.cia f capacit'I will be kep i ever tlecrel unlet1t1 revefalion it1 necetltlar'I in lhe p er/orm ance o/ rn'I dut'I. II Utill n ever a cl o//;.ciou:Jl'I or permit f'er:Jonaf/ ee/in fj:J, preiudice:J, animo:Jilie:J or /,-ienclhip:J lo influen ce m'I d ecit1iont1. W ith n o comprom i:Je /or crim e and wilh relentle:1t1 f'ro:J eculion o/ crimina£, .!} wifl en/orce lhe law courleoutl f'J and approprialef'I without / ear or /avor, malice or ;// wifl, n ever empfo'linff unnece:Jtlar'I /orce or violence and n ever acceplinff ffra lu iliet1. II r:ernguii:e .!} accepl ii a:i th e badffe o/ m'I o//;.ce a" a "'lmt ol o/ public / auh, a nd a p ublic lru:il lo be h efd :Jo fonff a:J .!} am lrue lo lhe elhic:J o/ lh e p o/ice :Jervice. .!} ~ill con:Jlantf'I :Jtrive lo achieve lhe:Je obieclive:i and idea£, d edicalinff m'l:Jet/ be/ore (}od lo m 'I cho:ien pro/et1t1ion , . . law en/ orcem en l. lnl.ernntion•I Au oci•l ion (Jr Chief, ol Po llo:•, Inc. 39 �~ - Introduction Background The Uniform Crime R eporting Program is the outgrow th of a need for a n ational and uniform compilation of police statistics. This need was expressed by law enforcemen t executives m any years ago. In 1930, crime reports were solicited from police depar tm en ts throughou t t he Nat ion b ased on uniform classifications and procedures developed by the Committee on Uniform Crime Records of the In tern a tion al Ass'ociation of Chiefs of P olice (IACP). In th at year th e F ederal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), on request of the above organiz ation, as urned the role as the national clearinghouse. The Commi ttee on Uniform Crime R ecords, IACP , con tinues to ser ve in an advisory capacity to the FBI in the oper ation of this Program . The assistan ce of the Committee is especially valu able in ~ctively prom oting the qu ali ty of the repor ts supplied by the cooperating law enforcemen t agencies . In this connection , the Field Ser vice Division of t he IAC P is also playing an active and effective p ar t in quali ty con trol through surveys of police record and crime reporting $ys tems . Dr. P eter P. L ejins, Professor , D epartmen t of Sociology, U niversity of l\!Iaryland, con tinues as a consultan t to the FBI in t he condu ct of this Progr am. T he Committee on Unifo rm Crime R ecords at its April, 1965, meeting reaffirm ed the purpose and obj ectives of the Uniform Crim e R epor ting Program. Briefl y, the Committee approved a more refin ed collection of robbery by type, a revision in the lar ceny classification , a special n ationwid e st1Tvey on sex offenses, restated its position wi th r eo-ard to the defini tion of au to theft, and the form at b u tilized in th e publication of crime statistics . The Commi ttee at the foregoing meeting and al o dur ing the course of the Octo ber , 1965, m ee ting discus::;ed the need to fm ther subdi vide a numb er of the broad crim e chtssificat ions u tilized in the Progr am . A detailed breakdown of lar ceny by type of tbef t was developed and in troduced as a collection item beginning in J anu ary, 1966. While thi breakdown of the larceny cla sifi cation pro vides for a better unders tanding of the natm e of this offen e, it will also serve to iden tify types of theft which could be u tilized as a Crim e Index category. The dollar valu ation of lar ceny as present!~ used would be elimin ated in favor of a collec tion of lar ceny by type w1thou t regard to the value of proper ty stolen . The experience gained from -n 221- 746° - 66- 4 �th· ationwide collection of larceny by type in 1966 wil~ gre~tly 1~ n · m akm· a- a d etermination with respect to t b1s crnne assist m b classification. · . . . Committees on Uniform Crime Reportmg w1thm state l aw enfor?em en t associations are active in prov~ding service by p~·omotmg in terest in the Uniform Crime Repor t mg. Progra~, fo ste~m~ more ·despread and more intelligen t u se of umform crrme s tat1st1cs and WI . . . by lending assistance to contnbutQr s w h en t h e n ee d eJ,,..7.sts Objectives The fundamental objective of this Program is to produce a reliable fund of nationwide criminal statistics for administrative and oper ational use of l aw enforcement agencies and executiv es. At the same time, meaningful data is provided for other professionals with related interests in the crime problem and for schol ar s, as well as to inform the public of general crime conditions. Specifically, the means utilized to attain t h ese goals are : ( 1) an attempt is made .to measure the extent, fluctuation and distribution of serious crime in the United States through the use of a C rime Index consisting of seven selected offenses. This count is based on these seven offenses being reported to the p olice or coming directly to their attention . (2) The total volume of all types of criminal offenses is compiled as they become known by police arrests. (3 ) Since the above are also measures of l aw enforcement activity, r el ated data is collected to demonstr ate eff.ectiveness of enforcement activit ies available p olice str ength and significant factors invol ved in crime'. Reporting Procedure Under this natio~1al vol untary system each contribut ing law enforcement agen cy 1s wholly responsible for compilino· its own · . . "' sup 1· dcrime r eports for su b m 1ss10n toth e FB

I. Each contributor is

'th . C . R . H P ie W1 the Umform n m . e epor tmg andbook which outlin · d t ·1 . d 1 . . es in e a1 procedtll'es for scormg an c assifym 00 • offenses The H db l ·11 . • oo;;:: 1 ustrates and discusses the monthly and annual report1· .an f ll 11 h ng orms, as.- we as the numerous ta y s eets made avail able to facilit t th d' tabnlation of the desired d ata. a e e peuo I C The publication of the Uniform Crime Re ·t· . " r · was 1mtiate · · · d m · October, 1963 has cont· POI lino"' . h . ewsletter ' " which In~lec wit issues being Published when pertinent Thi "N, . 1 . revisions in the ProoTam a · well as t ews . etter" . is utili,ze d t o exp1a1n "' . s o p1esent informat· d. . . tional material to ass1 t contributor s. ion an mstrucReco0·nizing that a sound records syst · . . reporting is to meet desirable standards th:;~s ~ece_s sary 1f cnme of Police Recor<!s 1,o l aw enfor cement 0.' . I furm hes a l'VIanual abenc1es upon request . Special 42 �Agents of the FBI are widely utilized to encomage new contributors and to assist t hem by explaining t he procedmes and definitions necessary under t his uniform system. On a m on thly b asis, city police, sheriffs and state police report the number of offenses that become known to them in the following crime categories : criminal homicide, for cible r ape, robbery , assault, burglary , larceny, and au to theft . T his coun t is taken from a r ecord of all complain ts of crimes received by the police from victims or other sources or discovered by the police in their own operations . Complain ts determined by police investigation to be unfounded are eliminated from t his count. The number of "offenses known" in these crime _categories is r eported to t he FBI without regard to whether anyone is arr ested , stolen pr operty is recovered, local prosecu tive policy , or any other consideration. Police agen cies repor t . on a monthly basis the total numbe_r of these crimes which they clear by arrest and, separately , the crim es cleared by the arres t of persons under 18 year s of age. P olice additionally r eport certain other analytical data pertaining to specific crime ca_~egories, including total arrest m ade for t he month for all criminal acts sep arated as to adult s and juveniles . In annu al r epor ts, " offenses known" data and clearances by arrest are summarized by t he con tributors. Annual form s provide a repor t of persons arrested for all criminal offenses with respect to age, sex and race of the offender , as well as an accoun ting of the number of persons formally charged and their disposition . P olice employee data a.re collected annually, including the number of police killed and assaulted. Reporting A rea During the calendar year 1965, crime repor ts were received from law enfor cement agencies repr esen ting 97 percen t of the total Uni ted States population living in s tandard me tropolitan st atistical area ·, 89 percent of the population in other cities, and 75 percen t of t he rural population . The combined coverage account for 92 percent of the national population . Pre entation of crime data by area as used in this publication follows as closely as practical the definitions u ed by the Bmeaus of the Budget and Census for standard metropolitan s tatistical areas and other cities. There is, however , some devia tion insofar as the rmal area i concerned. For crime repor ting purpo es r ur al is generally t he unincorporated portion of a coun ty ou tside of st andard metropolitan stalistical areas. In addition, sheriffs' dep ar tmen ts or st ate police agencies frequently provide cover age for m all in corporated com munities which do not provide t heir own p olice ser vice. These places 43 �' .. are characteristically more rural t h an urban , t hus t he crime counts for these places are included in the rural tabulations . In addition, statistics are pr esented in certain t ables r elat ive to " suburban". areas . A suburb an area consists of cities wit h 50,000 or less popula t10n too-ether with coun ties which lie within a standard metr opolitan statisti~al area. I n this use of suburban t he core city experience is , of course, excluded . T he subm·ban .area con cept is u sed b ecause of t h e peculiar crime conditions which exist in t hese communit ies surrounding the major core cit ies. These metropolitan areas are n ot rur al in nature, yet neither are they compar able to lar ge cit ies al though they h ave many of t he problems identified with t he latter . Standard metropolitan statistical areas are generally m ade up of an entire county or counties having at least one core city of 50 ,000 or mor e inh abitants, wit h t h e wh ole meeting the requirements of certain metr op olitan char acteristics. I n New Engl and , "town" in stead of "county" is used to describ e st and ard metrop olitan stat istical areas. These towns do not coincide gener ally wit h established crime r eporting units; t h erefor e, metrop olitan stat e economic areas in New E ngland are used in this area tabul ation since they en comp ass an entire county or counties. Stand ard metropolit an stat istical areas mal~e up an estimated 67 p ercent of the total United States population . Other cities are urb an places outside standard metrop olitan statistical areas. Most of these places of 2 ,500 or more inhabitants ar e inc_orporated and co~ prise 12.6 percent of the 1964 estimated p opu lat10n: Rura_l areas are made up of t he unincorporated p or t ion of counties outside of m·b an places and standard m etrop olitan statistical areas a:1d repr:sent 20.4 _Percent of ou r n ~t ion al p opul ation. T h r ough out this Progr am, sheriffs, county poh ce and m an y st ate p 1· . . d . hin o ice report on crimes committe wit the limits of t h e count 7 b t . ·d · · hil 1· . .

, u ou ts1 e

c(1tibes, w 1 e p)o ice r eport on crimes committed wit hin the city lim its ur an p aces . Verification P rocesses Uniformity of crime d ata collected under this p . · . O w ·.1s of concern to t he F B I as t h e nation al clearino·hol rooram . pn n,ary . 1th t h e r eceipt of reports coverino·0 approximatelv 8 000 . 0 • _ts~ . . . d on a voluntary b asis, the problems Jof , tt · ]Urisd1ct1on . . . s , .pr ep a1e . a auu n g uniformit r . . d" l apparent. I ssu ance of m struction s does not 1 . J aie I ea i Y F BI. On the cont r ary it is standai·d , .. comp et e the r ole of the pro d . . . . . . ' op e1 atmo· .6 ce lUe t o ex amin e each m commg r eport n ot only for a·'th metical ace . b . . n and possibly of even m or e impor tan ce for , b ur acy ut a1so , ' r easona leness as a p o sible indication of errors. Variations in the level an d r atios amon o· th ,· by previous reports of each agency ar e ~sede ~run e classe est ablis? ed as a n, easlU·e of J)ossible 4-! �or probable incompleteness or ch anges in repor ting policy. Necessary ari thmetical adjustmen ts or un usual vari ations are brough t t o the attention of the submitting agency by correspondence . Dming 1965 17, 101 letters were addressed to contributor s primarily as a result of ,·erific at ion and evalu ation processes. Corresp onden ce wit h contri but ors is t he principal tool for super vision of qu ality. N ot only are the individ ual reports studied, but also periodic t rends for indi,·idual reporting units are prep ared , as are crim e r ates in descending or der for all un its gro uped for general com p arability to assist in detecting vari ations and fl uctuation s possibly due to some reason other than chance. For the most p art, the problem is one of keeping t he contributors informed of the type information necessary to the success of this Program. The elimin at ion of duplication of crime repor t ing by th e various agen cies is given constant attention. In addition to detailed instrirctions as to the limits of repor ting jurisd ictions between heriffs and police in urban places, lis ts of urban places by county are furnish ed to sheriffs, county police, and in some in stan ces state police organ izations . Uniform Crime R eportin g h as been taugh t to all law enfo rcement officers attendin g the FBI N ation al Academ y. Th e Academy was establish ed in 1935, and there are 2,972 gradu a tes wh o are s till in law enfo rcemen t , over 27 percent of whom are th e execu t ive heads of law enforcemen t agen cies . Th e FBI al so presents this subj ec t t o region al police sch ools t hroughou t the countr y. Con tact by Special Agents of the FBI are 11tilized to enlist th e <:ooper a tion of new contribu tors an d to eJq>lain the purpose of this Program and th e methods of. assembling inform a tion for repor tin g. Wh en corresponden ce, in cludin g specially designed ques tionnaires, fails, ~pecial Agents may be d irected to visit th e contributor to affir matively resolve the m isunderstan ding. Variations from the desired rep or tin g s tandards which cannot b e re,;olved by the steps ind icated above are brought to th e attention of the Comm ittee on Un iform Crime R ecords of th e I ACP. The CommiLLee may designate a representative to make a personal vi it to the local department to assist in the n eeded revision of record and reporting methods . It is clear, of course, that regardless of the extent of the s tatis t ical verification processes used by th e F BI , the accm acy of the data as:;em bled under this P rogr am depen ds up on the degree of sin cere effort exerted by each contributor to m eet the n ece sar y standards of reporting and, for this reason, the F BI is not in a position to vou ch for the validity of Lhe reports received . 45 �The Crime Tota ls Communities not represented by crime r epor ts are rel a t ively few , as discussed previously and as shown b y an examin ation of th e table_s which follow presenting 1965 cr ime to tals for the I ndex of Crime classifications . The FBI conducts a ce:m tinuing p r ogr am to further r edu ce the un r epor ted areas . Within each of th e three areas-stand ar d metr op olitan stat istical , other urb an, and rur al - it is assumed that the unreported portion had th e same proportionate crime exp erience as th at for which reports were r eceived. In lieu of figures for the entire year from those agencies, repor ts for as many as 9 months were accepted as sufficien tly representative on which to b ase est im ates for the year . Estim ates for um·eported areas are b ased on the r eported crime experience of similar areas within each state. Cer tain refinements are made of this b asic estimating procedure as t h e need arises . Crime Trends Crime d ata for tr ends are homogeneous to th e extent t h at fio·ures from identical r ep orting units are u sed for each of the p eriods rabul ated. E xclusions are m ade when figures from a repor tin o- unit ar e ob viously inaccur ate for any p eriod or when it is a scert: ined th at unusu al fluctu ations are due to su ch var i ables as improv ed r ecor d ·procedures and not t o ch an ce. As a matter of stand ar d proce_dure, crime trends for individu al pl aces are analyzed by the FBI five tim es a y e ar . Any significan t incre ase or decrease is made the su?J~ct of a speci al inquiry wit h t he contrib uting agencr Whenever _1 t l S foun~ th at crime repor ting procedures are responsible for the . . difference m le,Tel of crime , t h e fi gures f or specific cn me c ategones or t ota~s ar e excluded from t h e t r end tabu l ations. On the oth er h and, crime rate tables b y state and t d ·d · · t· 1 · s an ar metropoh tan statis ica ar ea contam the m ost r eliable rep or ts available for the current ye ar, and car e sh ould be exer cised in anv d. , t . . . Ch J u ec comor issues. an ges in crime level m . h b p arisons with pn · d · ay ave een du e in part to improve reportmg or r ecords proced l'.u" es r. ath er t h an to chance. Population Data In computing crime r ates by state o-eoo-raphi d. . . ul . . ' :::. :::. c iv1sion and the . h 1 N ation as a w o e, p op ation estimates r eleased b .h ' t he Cer_is:1s on ~':gu st 27, 196~ , were u sed . Po : 1 t _e Bm~au .of for individual cities and counties wer e pr e , dp b atioi: estimates Y us:1Ilg Speci al Census R eports, state so urces an d estimat pare and extrapol ation wher e no oth er estimate , es, coi?mercial sources, _1 • · f" . va avml able Co 1t 1965 poprnation estimates or mdi vidual cities d .· mp e e an counties were nsed 46 �from 14 st ates while official som ces in other states provided limited d ata which was used selectively . The estimat ed United St ates population i~crease in 1965 was 1.3 per cen t over 1964 according to figmes published by the Bureau of th e Census. Classification of Offenses A stumbling block to a unifor m national crime repor ting system in the United States r esults from vari ations in definitions of criminal violations among the states. This obst acle, insofar as uniformity of definitions is concerned , was removed by the adop tion of an arbitrary set of crime classifications. T o some extent the title of each cl~ssification connotes in a general way its content. However , in r eadi1w the explanation of each category, it is very important to keep in minci'th at because of t he differences among the state codes ther e is n o possibility in a system su ch as t his to distinguish between crimes by design ation s such as "felony" and "misdemeanor." A continuing progr am is cari-ied out to furnish contributors with timely supplemental instructions as t h e need arises in certain classifications. These are aimed at the clarification of any misunderstandings which may arise and the redirection of attention to the proper application of classification procedmes under this system . Brief definitions of crime classification s utilized in this P rogram are H ted below : 1. Criminal homicide.- (a) Mmder and nonnegligent man. laugh.: t er : all willful felonious homicides as distinguished from death s caused by negligence. Excludes attempts to kill, as aults to kill, suicides, accidental deaths, or justifiable homicides. Justifiable homicides are limited to : (1) the killing of a person by a peace officer in line of duty; (2) the killin o- of a person in the act of committing a felony by a privat e citizen. (b) Manslaughter by negligence : any death which t he police investigation establishes was primarily attributable t o gross negligence of some individual other than the victim . 2 . Forcible rape. - Rape by force, assault to rape and attempted rape. Excludes statutory offenses (no force used - victim un der age of con sent). 3. Robbery. - Stealing or taking anything of value from the person by for ce or violence or by putting in fear , such as strong-arm robbery, st ickups, arm ed robbery, assault to r ob , and attempt to rob. 4. Aggravated assault. - Assault with intent to kill or for the purpose of inflicting severe bodily injury by shooting, cutting, stabbing, maiming, poisoning, scalding, or by t he use of acids, explosives, or other means. Excludes simple assault, assault and b attery, fighting, etc. 5. Burglary-breaking or entering. - Burglary, housebreaking, safecrackin g, or any unlawful entry to commit a felony or a the£ t, 47 �even thouo-h no force was used to g ain entrance and attempts . Burglary follo~ed by lar cen y is not counted again as l arceny. 6. Larceny- theft (except au to theft).-(a) Fifty dollars and over in va.lue; (b) under $50 in value. Thefts of bicycles, automobile accessories, sh oplift ing, p ocket-picking, or any stealin g of property or ar ticle of value which is n ot taken b y force and v iolence or by fraud. Excludes embezzlement, "con" games, forgery , worthless check s , etc . 7 Auto theft .-Stealing or drivin g away and aband oning a motor vehicle. E xcludes taking for temporary u se when actually returned b y the taker or unauthorized use b y those having l awful access to the vehicle. 8. Other assaults.-Assaults and attempted assaul ts which are not of an aggravated nature. 9 . Arson.- Willful or malicious burning with or without in tent to defraud , Includes attempts. 10. Forgery and countedeiting.-Making , altering, uttering or possessing, with intent to d efraud , anything false which is made to appear true. Includes attemp ts. 11. Fraud .-Fraudulent conversion and ob taining money or prop - erty by false pretenses. counterfeiting. Includes b ad checks except foro·eries and 0 12. Embezzlement.-Misappropriation or misapplication of money or property entrusted to one's care, custody or control. 13. Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessino-.-Buyino· 0 ' receivin g, and possessing stolen proper~y and att~mp ts . 0 . 14. Vandalism.-Willful or malicious destruction 1·n· d" .. . , Jury, 1sfigurement or _defacement of property without consent of the owner or person havmg custody or control. 15. We apons; carrying, possessing, etc.-All v iol at· f . · ions • o . reou 1at10n or sta t u t·es contro 11·me; t b e carryino· us m· 0 •

=' 0 ,

· · · · of deadly weapons o, possessino· fur 0 ' rnshmg, an d manu f acturmg il ' or s en cers and a tt emp ts . 16. Prostitution and comn:iercialized vie -S _ commercialized nature and attemp ts such a e. e~ o~enses of a s b awdv house, procuring, transp ortin:· or d ts ?~o t itution , keeping "' ' e a1n1no· · moral- purposes. o w 01nen f·or im17 . Sex offenses (except for cible r ape t· . ciali zed vice) .-Statutory r ape ofl'e ' pr~s ·it u t ion , and comm er' n ses ao·a1n t ch t" t as i Y, co1nm on decency, morals, and the like. Includes att0 . . . . empts . 18. Na1cot1c d1ug laws.- Offen ses r elat· . . as unlawful possession, sale or u se Ex 1 ldng tFo n arco tic drugs, s uch " c u. es 'ed er al off en ses . · · n i tti· 19. Ga1nhling.Promotin o· p en 0 • ng,d or en Oo·ao·· · gan1 bl.m g. 20 . Offenses agains t the ' fan iil ,,,tng. 111 · Y an child · N d neglect, e ert1on, or abu e of fanuly a nd childreu~en. - on s up p or t , 48 �--- - - ---

21. Driving under the influence.- Dri ving or operating any motor vehicle while drunk or under the influence of liquor or narcotics. 22. Liquor laws. -State or local liquor law violations, except "drunkenness" (class 23) and "driving under the influence" (class 21) . Excludes Federal violations. 23. Drunkenness. -Drunkenness or intoxication. 24. Disorderly conduct.- B reach of the peace. 25. Vagrancy .-Vagabondage, begging, loitering, etc. 26. All other offenses.- All violations of state or local laws except classes 1-25. 27. Suspicion .-Arrests for no specific offense and released withou t form al charges b eing placed . 28. Curfew and loitering Jaws (juveniles).- 0:ffenses relating to Yiolation of local curfew or loitering ordinances where such laws exist. 29 . Runaway (juveniles).-Limited to juveniles taken into ·protective cu s tody under provisions of local statu tes as runaways. 49 �The Index of Cri1ne, 1965 I n this section, tabulations are shown to indicate the probable extent, :fluctuation and distribution of crime for the United States as a whole , geographic divisions, individual states and standard metropolitan statistical areas . T he meastu-e u sed is a Crime Index consisting of seven important offenses which are counted as they become known to the law enforcement agencies . Crime classifications used in the Index are : murder and nonnegligent 11.1.ansl aughter, for cible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary-breaking or entering , larceny $50 and over, and auto theft. The total number of criminal acts that occur is unknown, but those that are reported to the police provide the first means of a count. Not all crimes come readily to the attention of the police ; not all crimes are of sufficient importance to be significant in an index; and not all important crimes occur with enough regularity to be meaningful in an index. With these considerations in mind, the above crimes were selected as a group to furnish an abbreviated and convenient meas me of the crim.e problem. It is important to remember in reviewing the tabl es in this section that the volume of crime in a state or standard metropolitan s t atistical area is subject to the factors set forth on page vii . Estimates of cmrent permanent population are used to construct crime rates . With our highly mobile population all communities, metropolitan areas and states are affected to a greater or lesser deoTee b"'r the el t . Th. f

,

.; emen of transient poptil at10n. 1s actor is not accounted for in crime ·rates since no reliable estimates are avail able nationwide. 50 --- �Table 1.-fndex of Crime, Uni te d S t ates, 1965 Area P opu lation T ota l offenses United States Total. _____ ____ _____________________ ___ ___ ___ 193, BIB, 000 2,780, 01 5 I, 434. 3 R ate per 100,000 inha bitantS- - --------------- -- - ----- - ------ --- ---- --Stan dard Metro politan Statistical Area ________ ___ _________ 129,790, 000 ___ __ ______ _ Area actuall y reportin g ' -- ------ - --------------- - - - --07. 4% 2, 268, 555 Esti mated tota L ___ ___ ______ ______ ___ ___ _______ ___ ___ 100. 0% 2, 312,35 1 R ate per 100,000 inha bitants-- --- - --- -- -- -- - ---- ----- - __ __ ___ _________ 1, 7 I. 5 Other Cities ___ __ _--- - ---- --- - ---- --- --- ---- --- - ---- -- -- - -24, 338, 000 - -- -- ______ _ Area act uall y reporti ng _________ __ __ ___ ___ ___ ___ ______ . 5'.zl, 21 5, 748 E stimated total.. _______________ _______ ___ ______ ___ ___ 100. 0'1o 242,345 R ate per 100,000 inh abi ta nts-- -- ---- - ----------------- - -- -- -- --------99.5. 7 RuraL--- --- - - ____ ________ - ___ ____ ____- - -- --- - - --- - -- - -- - 39,684,000 __ ___ ___ ___ _ Area actuall y reporting___ ______ ______ ______ __________ 75.0% 173, 730 Estimated total.. ________ __ _____ ____ ___ ___ _________ ___ 100. 0% 225, 319 Rate per 100,000 inha bitants- --: - ---- - ----- - - ------ - -- - --- - ----- - ----567. 8 J\I urder nnd nonnegligent manslaughter Forcible r ape Robber y Aggravated assa ult Larcen y Burglary S50 an d Auto t heft over 9, 850 5. 1 22,467 II. 6 11 8,9 16 6 1. 4 206, 661 106. 6 I, 173, 201 605. 3 762, 352 393. 3 486, 568 251. 0 6, 801 6, 978 5. 4 17, 408 17,844 13. 7 10 ,682 LIO, 623 85. 2 155, 479 158,843 122. 4 937, 583 956, 038 736. 6 615,031 627,054 483. 1 426, 671 434,971 335. I 71 6 85 1 3. 5 1,170 I, 317 5. 4 3,051 4,433 18. 2 17,4 12 _20, 435 84. 0 07, 106 109,12 1 448. 4 65, 950 73,408 301. 6 20, 443 32, 780 134. 7 2, 021 5. 1 3, 306 8. 3 27, 383 69. 0 108, 042 272. 3 6 1, 890 156. 0 18, 8 17 47. 4 ---12-- ----- --2,786

--- --- --- --- -- ----- ---- - ------ ----- - ----- -- --------------- -------2,4

14, 722 I, 296 48, 8 16 17, 684 86,0 19 3, 860 9. 7 1 The percentage re presenting area actuall y reporting will not coin cide wi t h t he ra tio betwee n reported nnd estim ated crime totals since these data represent t he sum of t he calculations for indiv idual states whi ch have varying populati ons, porti ons reportin g and crimo rntes . Popul ation by area for each state is 1965 estimate; tota l population for each stat.a is B ureau of tho Census provisional estimate as of J nl y 1, 1965, and subject to change . All rates were calculated on t he estimated population before rounding. o, ...... �I Table 2.- Inde x of Cri m e by R e gions , [N u mber a n d r ate per 100,000 inhabitants ; Murder and n onnegl igent m a n s la u ghter Total offen ses Area Year P op ulat ion 1 i - - ---,------ 1- Forcible rape

,----- -- - - ~ - ----,- 1 1 N umber Rate per Num ber R a te per Number R a te per - - - - -- - 1---1-- - - - -.-- - - 1- 1964 191, 818, 334, 000 223 United States Total ' - - - - - 1905 193 000 2, 2, 614, 780,015 P ercentchange __ ___________ __ __~-+ 6. 3 Northeast ___ _- - - --- - -- - - 1964 _ 47, 125,000 1965 4 7, 526, 000 587, SGI 636,929 P ercen tchange _____ _ _j 964 -- -il,070,000 130,030 + s. 3 New England ______ __ _ 1965 11, 159, 000 140,067 100,000 100,000 100,000 - - - - - --- I. 366. I, 434. 33 +5. 0 9, 850 249 9, +6. 5 4. 5. 8I +6. 3 20, 551 22,467 +9.3 10. IL 67 +8. :._ 1, 24 7_ 4 I , 341. 0 1, +1. 174. 56 1,255.2 1, 607 l , 693 + 188 5. 1 235 3. 4 3. 6 l.7 + 5. 9 2. J 3, 745 4,052 62:l --t-s. 2 556 7. 9 8. 5 5.G + 7. 6 5.0 +6.9 1, 120.6 1, 175.1 671. 80 680. +25. 0 49 46 - 10. 8 152 148 -10. 7 5. 52 5. 15 21 + 23.5 1. 86 1. L 5 2.1 i7 43 7. 8 4.3 1,375_ 7 1, 507.3 546. 0 105 129 6 2. 0 2. 4 _9 320 290 25 6.0 5.4 3.8 Percen tcha nge____ ___ t 1964 Connrcticu --- - ----- 1965 1964 J\1Rin e _________ _____ 1965 2 766 000 2: sa2: ooo 989,000 993,000 3+ 0,7 9.967 33, 277 6, 644 6,752 Massach use tts --- - - N ewHampsh ire __ __ 1964 1965 11996645 5, 338,000 5,348,000 654,000 73, 440 80,610 3, 571 Rhode Island__ ___ __ 11996045 669,000 914,000 4,084 13, 278 610. 5 1,452.8 18 11 2. 72 1. , 7ermon t ------ - -- - -- 1964 1965 920, 000 409,000 397.000 13,044 2, 101 2.300 1,417. 9 513.7 579.4 19 22 2. 1 .5 .5 14 2 5 35 24 26 1 2._7l 2 3.8 5.9 6.5 M iddle Atlantic____ ___ 11906654 i- "".3:;:6;-,;:: 05:;;5;-,;;; oo;;o~ - 4;5;;:7;-,;;: 83;;1~ -;-1-, ;;:26;;9;--_;;: 87r-:;-1,-:4:;-1::: 9i - - : : 3:-:_9::"i--::-, '.".::":'."'i'- '-"'.:-": _ 3 122 89. 67 36,367,000 496, 862 l , 3fi7. 4 l , 458 4. O 3, 49fi 5 Percent change __ + s. + 2. 7 + 2. 6 +12. 0 + 10. + 7. 7 New Jersey _______ :_ 1964 6,682,000 91, 637 1,371. 4 207 3. J _3 0 ew Yor k --- - - ----- 1964 1965 P ennsylvan ia _______ 1964 1965 6,774,000 17,915, 000 18,073,000 11 ,459,000 29684,, 61210! 290,647 _19181,. 0 74 604 1,396.6 1,496.6 1,60 .2 85,5. 9 2 19 833 833 379 3. 2 4.6 4. 6 3 _3 Nort h ContraL ________ _ 1964 1965 11. 520,000 53,370,000 657,515 968;!: 1,232.0 406 1,846 1965 54, 014,000 4, s 5, ooo 8,098. 000 Ohio ________ _______ _ 1965 1964 Wiscons in ________ __ _ 1965 1964 10, 8,218,000 100,000 142,.563 102, 10 l , 269. 6 3- 1 1,307. 9 l , 339. 3 + 2. 4 1,112. o 1,613.1 1 166 o 1' 211· 9 1,537. 2 • · 1, l , 734.8 01I. O 2, 009 + s. 8 1,396 l 510 -t-8.2 572 551 1955 Michigan____ __ ____ _ 19f:4 685, 720 + 4. 3 492, 008 510, 720 + ~- 8 179,631 171, 69! 56,264 59,493 124,486 3. 5 3_ 5 3. 7 +5. 7 3_ 7 4 O + 8· 1 · 55· 52 N change ___ ___ - -E Percent t Nort h Central 1964 37,619,000 as -- - 1965 38,137, 000 Percentchange ____ __1-9-64-- - 10, 409, 000 Ill ois o 1.11 - - - -- ----- ---- - 1965 10,644, 000 Ind iana _____ ___ _____ 1964 4, 825,000 1965 West North Central_ - 19r 19 5 Percent change ____ - i 964 I owa __________ __ ___ _ 1965 K ansas ___ ____ __ ____ _ 1064 mt l!J65 M innesota __ __ __ __ __ Missou ri _______ ___ __ 1964 + 145 171 269 350 358 3 0 3 3 3. -5 4.4 3. 5 6 9 605 1, 1, 507 i72 l ,OOG 1. ll9 , 5 59 6, 387 +14_ 1 , 228 44 905 + ie o 1 ' 569' l , 06 7 56 l, 4 466 358 1, 669 721 915 9 1 8. 9 8. 9. 84 _ 8 8 9. 7 _ 10 l I. 85 +12. 4 I. 1I ? 92 + · l15 ·· 2 5 00 16. o._5 9. 8 5 16 20._3 7 1 3- 6 8. 9 1 5 4,144,000 30, '16.5 737. 6 64 1· 124 3. 0 _6 1, 050. 8 450 t - - ~ 2.-~5+-:-g l , ~70 u:™~ooir 165,507 ios~~"i:~is1i- :~ ~14~9~ - ~ 3~89. 37 ,>, , 17i99} 1, 102.2 499 3 1 1.482 2 756 ooo 17 g?4 +10. 9 +n: 9 + s ? + o 9 2:100:000 1~:498 706: 5 1.3 137 5: o 2, 225, 000 21, 480 · 96.5. 4 l. 3 123 4. 5 75 2, 234, 000 22, 261 996. 5 3. 4 246 1 I. I 60 10,245, 000 4,107,000 106,417 29, 519 ~~· ~%•888 ~:~~:888 4,409, 000 rn~~ tJ ~ cb raskn ___ __ __ ___ _ Nortl1 Dakota__ _____ 1964 South Dakota__ _____ 1965 I 964 366 60 ~g

g::r Ugo:1

ii 5 240 300 67, 77 l::1~;888 gJ~6 1065 1,038.7 718. 7 1, 539_ m:: 4,497, ooo 72, 0.59 1, 0 02. 5 645, 000 3,567 553. 652, 715, 000 000 3,271 4, 624 0 501. 546 _7 7 632. 4 i4 6 6 6 i U fgi l.4 186 ii. 2 5. 4 8~~ 1a. o 2. 4 76 \ : 5_1 45 33 7. O 5. 1 u .. 9 9 661 ti ~ j ir-:;-;:;;+-~1~-f~i "i--:~4~8l.+.-_j6:J.s 1965 703, 000 4,44 5 9 south _ ____ - _- - - - -- -- 1964 1-~5~9~.~ - 6~2~ ,~ oo~o~~73~2~.~38 ~7;"j~1~23~6 0 -- - 1065 60,049, 000 759, 982 1' 255· Percent change ___ ___ 3 SouthAtl ant ,c ___ 1961 1965 Percent change__ __ D elaware __ __ ____ ___ 1964 ·1905 _ ---- 28, 311, 000 28,714, 000

491, 000 505,000 , ·ee fo otnotes a t e ncl or tabl e . 52 +a. s 37 .392 398,900 +s. 4 6, 339 6, 502 '+<>· ~ 6· 1 33 5 1'389· ;, ' + 3 · jj 1 · 29 1. 0 1 • 28 , 7. o l 4, 5 77 4, 797 , 1 ~, ;, 2 420 +4.6 ~l 2L 26 l. 3 39 5. 5 7. 7 G. 06 1 r; _469 + n. 7 2, 859 a . 203 + 15., ·3G' 30 10. 2 10. s +5. 9 JO.I 11. 5 + " I 3· 5. 3 7. 9 8. O + a. 9 .2 8. 4 + '> 4 4-.- 3 _ 5 1 ~ '

�Geograp h ic Div isions and States, 1964- 65 · percent change ove r 1964] Aggravated assault Robbery B urglary Larceny $50 and over N umber R ate per Number R ate per N umber R ate per N u mber 100,000 100,000 100,000 Au to theft R ate per N um ber R ate per 100,000 100,000 ---111, 753 118, 916 +6. 4 58. 4 61. 4 +s. 1 20,971 23, 712 +13. 1 2,343 2,964 + 20.5 414 546 44. 5 49. 9 +1 2.1 21. 2 26. 6 + 25 . .5 15. 0 19. 3 7. 6 4. 0 30. 6 40. 0 6. 6 6. 9 17, 7 19. 0 3. 2 4. 5 75 40 1. 636 2,139 43 46 162 175 13 18 101. 8 1, 110, 458 106. 6 1, 173, 201 +4.7 + s. 1 580. 4 605. 3 + 4. 3 704, 536 762, 352 + s.2 75 78 380 493 50 43 76. 9 84. 7 + 10.1 40. 4 43. 6 + 7. 9 41. 9 43. 5 31. 0 30. 4 46. 8 50. 7 11. 5 I I. 7 41. 6 53. 6 12. 2 10.8 229, 262 245, 024 + 6. 9 55, 010 58,044 + 5. 5 J,J , 713 15,959 3, 248 3, 54 1. 28, 278 29,655 I , 827 2, 11 7 5, 880 5, 486 I , 064 I. 286 486. 5 515. 9 + a. a 496. 9 520. 2 + 1. 7 531. 9 563. 5 328. 1 3.56. 6 529. 7 554. 5 279. 3 316. 5 643. 4 596. 4 2fi0. 1 324. 0 172, 013 186, 488 + 8.4 32,595 33,904 + 4.0 , 793 9, 188 I. 868 1,9 11 16,470 17, 152 1,046 I , 224 3. 876 3, 93 542 · 536 88. l 97. 4 +J0. 6 87. 2 86. 3 104. 4 117. 5 63. l 72.0 174, 252 186, 9SO + 7. 3 40, 143 42, ll 3 90,277 97, 23,5 43,832 47. 632 483. 3 514. 6 + 6. 5 600. 7 621. 7 503. 9 538. 0 382. 5 41 3. 5 139, 4 18 152,584 +9. 4 22, 11 5 194, 705 206, 661 +6. 1 - - - - - -- 36,230 40, 239 +11 . 1 4,468 4,861 + 8. 8 I, 158 l , 233 307 302 2, 498 2, 71 2 18,628 20, 748 +ll. 4 3,812 3, 753 9,829 11,073 4,987 5. 922 +10. 4 57. 0 55. 4 54. 9 61. 3 43. 5 51. 4 31, 762 35,378 + 11 . 4 5, 828 5,845 18, 701 21, 238 7,233 8. 295 40. 675 41. 397 +1.8 34 . 081 34,459 +1.1 19.123 17. 535 2. 731 2. 731 7. 113 8.432 4. 663 5. 286 451 475 76. 2 76. 6 +.5 90. 6 90. 4 - .2 182.3 164. 8 56. 6 55. 9 87.8 102. 6 46. 2 51. 6 II. 0 11. 5 43,919 45, 425 + 3.4 35, 186 35. 733 + 1. 6 15, 652 14,553 2,977 3, 067 9,582 10. 669 5. 848 6,221 l, 127 1. 223 82. 3 84. 1 + 2. 2 93. 5 93. 7 +. 2 149. 2 136. 7 61. 7 62. 8 118.3 129. 8 57. 9 60. 7 27. 4 29. 5 269,955 282, 727 +4. 7 192, 193 201 , 832 +5. 0 57, 416 58,566 23,962 25/ 245 51,990 57,951 47, 100 48, 199 11, 725 11. 871 505. 8 523. 5 + 3.5 510. 9 529.3 + 3.6 547. 4 550.3 496. 6 516. 8 642. 0 705. 2 466. 3 _470. 5 285. 5 286. 5 170. 239 175, 74 1 + 3. 2 126,601 128, 260 + 1. 3 42, 744 38, 342 15,628 16,343 33, 163 37. 183 24,901 25. 971 10, 165 10. 42 1 6,594 6,938 +5.2 310 354 623 537 I. 285 1. 433 3, 955 4.195 306 324 56 30 59 65 41. 9 43. 7 +4.3 11. 2 12.8 28. 0 24. 0 36. 5 40. 3 89. 7 93. 3 20. 7 21. 9 8. 7 4. 6 8. 3 9. 2 8, 733 9. 692 +n.o 525 554 1,629 1, 591 I, 108 1,405 4,697 5,281 351 416 122 154 301 291 55. 4 61. 0 +10. 1 19. 0 20. 1 73. 2 71. 2 31. 5 39.5 106. 5 117. 4 23. 7 28. 2 18. 9 23. 6 42. 1 41.4 77, 762 80,895 +4. 0 8, 004 8, 398 9,626 JO, 443 18,833 18,853 33, 051 34 , 311 4. 832 5. 684 1, 546 1, 348 1,870 l. 858 493. 7 509. 5 + 3.2 200. 4 304. 3 432. 6 467. 5 534. 9 530. 5 749. 6 763. 0 326. 5 384. 8 239. 7 206. 8 261. 5 264. 3 26,045 27. 406 +5.2 14. 434 16.161 +12.0 196 277 44. 0 45. 6 +3.6 51. 0 ,56. 3 +10.4 39. 9 54. 9 79, 940 84. 408 +s.6 44,758 47,610 +6.4 183 142 134. 9 140. 6 +4.2 158. l 165. 8 +4.9 37. 3 28. 1 328,601 331, 768 +1. 0 166,043 168,871 + 1. 7 3, 071 3, 033 554. 6 552. 4 -.4 586. 5 588. 1 +.3 625. 5 600. 6 51. 7 57. 1 = 368. 2 393. 3 + a. a 365. 0 392. 6 + 7.6 294. 4 303. 8 + 3.2 317. 9 324. 4 188. 9 192. 5 308. 5 320. 7 159. 9 183. 0 424. 1 423. 2 132. 5 13,5. 0 386. 7 419. 9 + s. 6 331. 0 327. 0 54 5. 6 593. 9 170. 7 200. 6 462, 971 486,568 + 5. 1 242. 0 251. 0 +3. 7 124,033 135,721 + 9.4 34,803 39,503 + 13. 5 5, 717 6, 157 I , 054 894 24, 133 28 , 533 549 263. 2 285. 8 + s. o 314. 4 354. 0 - -- - = +12. c. 206. 7 217. •I 106. 6 90. 0 452. I 533. 5 83. 9 5 i 8 7. 7 2,944 2, 943 •106 322. l 319. 9 99. 3 98. 0 389 89, 230 96. 218 +1. s 247. 5 264. 8 +1.0 18, 923 19, 924 49, 228 51, 17l 21, 079 2,5. 123 283. 2 294. l 274. 8 283 . l 184. 0 21 ~. I 247. 5 25 1. 5 125, 283 132, 034 +5.4 98, 323 104 , 030 + s .8 42,555 40, 438 10, 365 11 , 470 21, 011 26,301 18, 525 19, 459 5,867 6. 362 234. 7 244. 5 +4.2 261. 4 272. +4.4 405. 7 379. 9 214. 8 234. 8 259. 5 320. 1 183. 4 189. 9 142. 9 153. 5 43,638 47. 481 +8.8 6,274 7, 144 6, 175 6,685 11 ,209 11 , 789 13,831 15. 374 3, 198 3,636 1,208 l , 199 I , 743 I. 654 277. 0 299. 1 + 8. o 227. 6 258. 8 277. 5 299. 3 318.3 331. 7 313. 7 341. 9 216. 1 246. 2 187. 3 183. 9 243. 8 235. 3 26,960 28,004 + 3. 9 2, 639 2, 889 3, 106 2, 741 6, 384 7, 165 11, 442 11, 7 6 2,202 2, 404 5 4 501 003 518 171. 2 176. 4 +a. a 95. 8 104. 7 139. 6 122. 7 181. 3 201. 6 259. 5 262. 1 148. 162. 8 90. 5 76. 8 84. 3 73. 7 181,266 199,611 +10. 1 93,293 104. 833 + 12.4 I. 5 8 1, 758 305. 9 332. 4 + 8. 7 329. 5 365. 1 + 10.8 323. 4 348. 1 105,897 1051 52~ - .4 54,692 55, 71 2 + 1. 9 1,244 1,236 178. 7 175. 7 - 1. 7 193. 2 194. 0 +.4 253. 4 244 . 8 22, 152 97, 745 !07, 325 19, 558 23, 107 3 19. 0 325. 4 + 2. 0 336. 5 336. 3 - .1 407. 5 360. 2 323. 9 334 . 6 409. 5 452. 5 246. 5 253. 5 53 �Table 2. -:Index of Crime by Regions, [N u m b er a nd r ate p er 100,000 inha b ita n ts; Murder and nonnegligent m a nsla u ghter Tota l offenses Area Forcible rape Year Population 1 l - - - - - , - -- - -i 1- - - - - - - , - - - - --1- - ---,,--------1 N umber R ate per Number R ate per Number R ate per 100,000 Florida __ ___ _______ _ 1964 · 5,705,000 5,805, 000 4,294, 000 4,357,000 3,432,000 3,519, 000 4,852, 000 4,914, 000 2,555,000 2,542,000 4,378, 000 4,457,000 1,797,000 1,812,000 12,678, 000 12, 808,000 109,965 116, 732 1965 Georgia__ ___________ 1964 53,594 1965 52,271 M ary land __________ _ 1964 49, 858 1965 60,464 North Carolina_____ 1964 45,205 1965 48, 155 South Carolina______ 1964 31,081 1965 27, 880 Virginia__ ________ ___ 1964 49, 356 1965 ,51, 635 West Virginia _______ 1964 9,854 9,581 1965 E ast Sout h Central ___ 1964 125,344 128, 072 1965 Percent chaRge___ _ +2. 2 Alabama_ ____ _______ 1364 3,407,000 35,981 1965 3,462, 000 36,972 Keutucky ____ ____ __ _ 1964 3, 1.'i9, 000 32,755 1965 3, 179,000 33,431 Mississippi__________ 1964 2,314,000 14,688 1965 2,321,000 16, 034 Tennessee __ ______ ___ 1964 3, 79 , 000 41,920 1965 3,845,000 41,635 West South Cen t ral ___ 1064 18,263, 000 ' 228,651 1955 18,527,000 233, 010 P ercent change____ - - - -------- - -+1 .-9 Arkansas __ ___ _____ __ 1964 1,933,000 14,688 1965 1,960,000 14,503 Louisiana__ _________ 1964 3,468,000 42,418 1965 3,534,000 41, 840 Oklahoma___________ 1964 2,465,000 29,844 1965 2,482,000 . 28,543 Te.xas ________ ____ ___ 1964 10, 397,000 141, 701 1965 · 10, 551,000 148, 124 West ___ ______ ___ _____ ___ 1964 31, 587, 000 636, 460 1965 32,231,000 697,384 Percent change______ -- --+ o. 6 Mountain __ ______ __ __ _ 1964 7,697, 000 l18, 463 . 1965 7,775,000 118,906 P ercent change ___ _ ------ ---- --------- +.4 Arizona ___ __________ 1964 1,581,000 32,693 1965 1, 60 , 000 31, 108 Colorado __ ____ _____ _ 1064 1, 966,000 30, 552 1, 692, 969, 000 000 30, 407 Idaho ________ __ __ ___ 1965 1964 6, 145 1965 692, ooo 6, 417 Montana ________ ___ _ 1964 705, 000 7,845 706, 7,643 Nevada ___ _______ __ _ 1965 1964 408, 000 000 11,387 NewMexioo ____ ___ _ ~!!! dgHgg Utah __ ___ ___ ____ ____ iig,, ggg rn~~ Pacific__ _________ ___ __ 1964 23, !ll , 000 1965 24,456.000 578 478 AJ;i15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~-15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):~:: - j 954 m: ggg Washington ___ __ ___ _ 11964 250,000 253,000 18, 084, _ ~, 000 1 60 701-, 000 7II. 000 1, 871 , 000 1, 99, 000 2,984,000 1965 2,990,000 1065 California ____ ______ _ 1964 1n 6 , 1"904" llawaiL __ ___ _______ 1965 Oregon____ _____ _____ 1964 965 100,000 ( 518 .503 491 229 236 369 388 206 245 297 296 67 72 938 1, 077 +14. 8 316 395 lfi4 168 233 207 22..; 307 1,326 1,300 - 2. o 147 ·115 287 285 110 lJO 782 790 1,219 1,351 +10. 8 332 300 - 9. 6 83 80 3 2 69 28 14 l9 12 32 927. 3 1, l12. 8 1, 082. 7 2, 790.9 1. 001. 6 2 168 2 4,326 438.399 2' 365. 6 '+o: 1 41°09· 2 94 . · 2,424.2 491, 713 11, 083 2,643. 1,581. 5o 13, 438 25, 073 28,235 39,936 1,890.1 1, 340.1 11' 486 · 9 33 3 1 '. 363: 4 t1~~ 40, 766

~

i }:J3½9i: 1, 974.1 4. 3 l· 100.000

- ---- - - - 489

~Mt~ UrU n851g0~3 ,..., 3, 34 1 3 40 , 5 517, 997 Wyoming ___ ____ ____ 143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST) 1,927. 6 2, 010. 9 1, 248.1 1, 199. 7 1,452.8 1, 718. 2 931. 7 980. 0 1, 216.5 1,096.8 1,1 27.3 1, 158. 6 548.3 ·528. 8 988. 7 1,000.0 +1. 1 1,056. 1 1,067. 9 1, 036.8 1, 051. 6 634. 7 690. 8 1,103.8 1, 082. 9 1, 252. O 1, 257. 2 +- 4 759. 8 739. 9 1, 223. 1 1, 184. 0 1, 210. 7 1,150. O 1,363. O 1,403.9 2, 015. o 2, 163. 9 +7. 4 1,539.5 1, 529. 6 - .6 2, 067.8 1, 934. 5 1, 554. O 1, 888. 544. 3O ~~ - 15 J9 10 88 7 5 8. 6 8. 9 11. 7 11. 3 6. 7 6. 7 7. 6 7. 9 8: 1 !l. 6 6. 8 6. 6 3. 7 4.0 7. 4 8. 4 + 13.5 9. 3 11. 4 5. 2 5. 3 10. l 8. 9 5. 9 - 8. 0 7. 3 7. 0 -4. 1 7. 6 5. 9 8. 3 s. 1 4. 5 4.4 7. 5 7. 5 3. 9 4. 2 +7. 7 4. 3 3. 9 - 9.3 5. 2 Ii. 0 4. 2 3. 5 4.0 2. 0 2. 7 1. 7 7. 8 8. 4 5. 4 6. 1 1. 5 1.5 5. 5 2. 9 3. 7 ,2ig 1 +it~ 26 16 740 -880 15 23 34 65 ~~ 589 77] 529 58G 346 489 451 437 258 271 45H 483 89 77 10. 3 13. 3 12. 3 13. 4 10. 1 13. 9 9. 3 8. 9 10. l 10. 7 10. 4 10. 8 5. 0 4.2 1,204 9. .i 9. l -4. 2 11. 7 10. 6 8. 0 1, 161 - 3. 6 397 367 2M 209 217 160 336 425 1,998 2,015 +.9 157 203 384 394 269 275 1,188 1, 14;~ 5, 147 5. 559 +8. o 998 1. 030 +3.2 259 286 336 318 41 38 53 55 54 68 120 138 100 88 35 39 4, 149 i~ r,_ r, 9. 4 6. 9 s. 8 11. 1 10. 9 10. 9 8. 1 10. 4 11. 1 11. 1 10. 9 11. l 11. 4 10. R 16. 3 17. 2 +5.5 13. 0 13. 2 +1. 5 16. 4 17. 8 17. 1 Hi. 2 5. 9 5. 5 7. 5 7. 8 13. 2 15. 5 11. 9 13. 4 10. 1 S. 9 10. 2 l 1. 5 17. 4 -j2 ~1 10. 4 6· 3 2~ 56 45 i:4. i1 3, 948 621 3, 20. 21. 20 3. 2 l. 8 3.4 186 225 226 2.. 86 12. ll.!JO 2. 4 229 7. 7 22. 4 17. 8 1 Population for each State for 1964 and 1965 is Bureau of t h e Cens u s ro v· 2· 2 304 10. 2 subject to chflnge. Aldi ratestere eal_cu.lated on the estnnated popuJatfou ~s ~o~a l estnnatc as or J ul y 1 ancl , Offense totals base on a reportmg a gencies a nd estimates for u11r e o1e rouncltng . ' e portecl aieas . A ggra vated assault 54 �Geographic D ivisions and Staie s, 1964- 65- Conti nued p ercent cha nge, over 1964] Aggravated assault Robbery N um ber Rate per N um ber 100,000 B ur glar y R ate per N w n ber 4, 958 5,146 1, 445 I , 297 2, 041 2,919 I , 034 1, 062 658 545 I, 462 1. 71 5 303 261 86. 9 88. 6 33. 7 29.8 59. 5 83. 0 21. 3 21. 6 25. 8 21. 4 33. 4 38. 5 16. 9 14. 4 IO, 951 5,808 6, 403 4, 830 6,388 10,264 10, 635 3, 104 3 428 6; 533 5, 968 900 I , 003 184. 1 188. 6 135. 3 147. 0 140. 7 181. 5 211. 5 216. 4 121. 5 134. 9 149. 2 133. 9 50. 1 55. 4 54, 959 55,556 22. 706 21. 236 18, 735 22, 474 17,922 18, 610 14, 106 11 , 885 20, 746 21, 540 3, 756 3,593 - 4. 3 992 992 l, 140 1, 167 476 334 I , 148 1.100 29. 6 28.1 - 5.1 29. 1 28. 7 36. I 36. 7 20. 6 14. 4 30. 2 28. 6 13, 471 13, 830 + 2. 7 5, 555 5, 162 I , 928 1, 919 3,192 3,248 2, 796 _ 3, 501 106. 3 108. 0 +1. 6 163. 1 149. I 61.0 60. 4 137. 9 139. 9 73. 6 91. 1 57,676 56,992 - 1. 2 15,627 16, ll 9 14,571 14,1'10 6, 157 6,626 21,321 20, 107 7,855 7, 652 - 2.6 565 465 l , 849 1,813 I, 038 942 4, 403 4,432 43. 0 41. 3 - 4. 0 29. 2 23. 7 53. 3 51. 3 42.1 38. 0 42. 4 42. 0 21, 711 22,968 +5.8 1, 772 1,879 4,620 4, 686 2, 100 1,928 13,219 14, 475 118.9 123. 9 +4. 2 91. 7 95. 9 133. 2 132. 6 85. 2 77. 7 127. 1 137. 2 76. 2 81. g + 7. 5 48. 0 42. 0 - 11. 3 61. 2 55. 7 67. 3 54. 5 I O. 3 10.1 15. 6 1,5. 9 109. 8 97. 5 46. 2 42. 7 26. 5 23.1 13. 4 17. 9 34,616 36,589 +5. 7 6,274 6,533 + 4. 1 2,050 1,831 1,378 I, 547 397 371 382 335 449 419 914 1, 329 510 554 185 147 109. 6 ] 13. 5 + 3. 6 81. 5 84. 0 + 3. 1 130. 2 IJ3. ~ 70. I 78. 6 .57. 4 53. 6 64. 2 47. 5 11 0.0 05. 2 90. 7 129. 2 51.4 56. 0 53. 9 43. 2 24,062 2li,401 +o. 1 3,694 3,308 - 10. 4 967 895 1, 323 I, 073 71 iO 110 112 448 429 466 430 263 229 46 61 -.. 85. 3 34. 4 + 10. 7 21.. 2 39. 9 103. 2 113. 3 13.0 18. 7 37. 6 46. 0 28. 5 30. 3 28,342 30, 050 +6. 0 240 215 24,998 26, 581 447 329 1,047 I, 126 1,610 I. 805 118. 6 122. 9 +3.6 00. 0 85. 0 138. 2 11 2. a 63.8 4fl.3 56. 0 59. 3 M. O new reportin g procedures init ia ted in 1964 . a Includes the Dist rict of Columbia. Auto t heft R ate per N u mber 100,000 R ate per 100,000 963. 4 957. 0 528.8 487. 4 545. 9 638. 7 369. 4 378. 7 552. 1 467. 6 473. 9 483. 3 268. 1 253. 9 26, 692 31,728 12, 654 13, 828 14,410 17, 191 10,253 11, 732 8,586 7, 741 13. 300 14, 366 2, 267 2, 3!0 467. 9 546. 6 294. 7 317.4 419. 9 488. 5 211. 3 238.8 336. 0 304. 5 303. 8 322. 3 126. 2 127. 5 11, 775 12, 062 9, 949 8, 430 9, 267 10, 767 4, 012 5, 291 4, 163 3,765 6,562 7,267 1, 410 l , 258 206. 4 207. 8 231. 7 193. 5 270. 0 306. 0 101. 2 107. 7 162. 9 148. I 140. 9 163. l 78. 5 69. 4 454. 9 445. 0 - 2. 2 458. 7 465. 6 461. 2 253. 6 270. 9 266. I 285. 5 561. 4 523. 0 32, 148 34,692 + 7. 9 9,415 10, 235 10, 172 1,1, 006 3, 143 3, 664 9, 418 9, 787 276. 4 295. 6 322.0 346. 2 135. 8 157. 9 248. 0 254. 5 16, 151 16, 727 +3. 6 3,679 3, 702 4, 526 4, 822 I , 270 I , 795 6,676 6,408 127. 4 130. 6 +2. 5 108. 0 106. 9 143. 3 151. 7 54. 9 77. 3 175. 8 166. 7 104, 882 105, 905 + 1.0 6, 436 5, 723 16, 730 15, 9 3 14,047 13,089 67,669 71, 110 574. 3 571. 4 - .5 332, 9 292. 0 482. 4 452. 3 569. 8 527. 4 650. 9 674. 0 55,825 60,086 + 7. 6 3,898 4., 552 10, 539 11,521 7,399 7, 4 2 33, 989 36, 5.1 1 305. 7 324. 2 +6. J 20 1. 7 232. 2 303. 9 326.0 300.1 301. 5 326. 9 346. 2 35, 054 33, 084 - 5. 6 I , 713 I , 566 8, 009 7, 158 4,881 4, 71 7 20,451 19, 643 191. 9 178. 5 - 7. 0 8 .6 70. 9 230. 0 202. G 198. 0 190. 0 196. 7 186. 2 282,640 313,682 + 11. 0 50, 127 49,948 - .4 13, 726 13, 129 13, 367 12,817 2, 285 2, 483 3,328 3,197 4,4 16 3,863 6, 471 7,216 5, 233 6,008 1,301 I , 235 894. 8 651. 4 642. 5 -1. 4 868. 2 816. 5 679. 9 651. 0 . 330. 2 358. 8 472.1 452. 9 I , 082. 3 878. 0 64 2. 0 701. 3 527. 5 606. 9 379. 3 363. 3 181,018 200, 512 +10. 8 37,396 39, 4.52 + 5. ,5 10, 25 1 10, 267 8, 734 9, 687 2,053 2,733 2,537 2, 53<1 3, 79 3, 802 3, 931 4, 134 4,065 4, 845 I, 346 1, 450 573. I 622. 2 + .6 4 6. 0 507. 5 + 4.4 048. 4 638. 5 444. 2 402. 0 383. 4 394. 9 359. 9 359. 0 950. 7 864. I 390. 0 401. 8 409. 8 489.4 392. 4 426. 5 107, 758 113, 290 +5.1 19, fi42 I , 335 - 6. 7 5,348 4, 620 5, 332 1, 806 670 708 1,4 16 1, 398 2, IGa 1,923 2, 348 2, 263 2, 010 2, 064 409 46-3 341. 2 351. 5 +3.0 255. 3 2:J5. 9 -7.0 338. 3 287. 3 271. 2 24 . 7 90. 8 102. 3 200. 0 198. 0 516. 9 437. I 232. 9 210. a 202. 6 208. Ii 973. 2 I, 078. 5 +10. s 443. 6 554 . 5 1,088. 7 l , 209. fl 838. 8 980. 9 573. 4 636. I 000. 3 611. 1 143,622 161, 060 + 12. 1 l, 137 I, /i l 6 ll 7, 703 132,443 2, 825 3,392 8, 447 JO, 020 13. 510 rn, 6Sa 601. 2 658. 6 +9. 5 454. 8 599. 2 650. 9 712. 0 403. 0 477. I 451. 5 527. 7 4-52. 7 457. 8 88, 116 94,955 +7. 8 5 I, 030 75, 7 7 8 1, 773 1, 803 2, 581 3, 800 3,846 5, 751 Ii. 725 36 . 8 3 .3 +5. 3 354 . 0 407. I 4 19. I 439. 6 257. 2 303. 0 207. 9 202. 5· 192. 7 19 1. .5 4,818 4, 600 232,513 203, 734 + 13. 4 I , 109 1,403 196,R83 225, 007 5,880 6,974 10, 727 12,079 17, 914 18, 27 1 60. 4 tou,l does not agree with t he number published in 1964 20, 368 23,093 + 13.4 53 101 LS, 067 21,081 95 13~ 703 873 850 905 R ate per Number 100,000 100,000 10, 503 L ar cen y $50 and over 444.8 973. 3 + 8. 8 + 6. 8 Jl9. 2 1:m.2 issue due to sta tist ical adJUstments resu lting frolll �Table 3.-Index of Crime by State , 1965 [ See footnotes 1 and 2 for population data] A rea Population Total offenses Murder and non· negligent man. slaughter Forcible rape Aggravated assault Robbery Burgl ary L arceny $50 and over A uto theft ALABAMA Standa rd M etropolitan Statistical Area.. . .................. Area act uall y repo rting. ....................... . ....... . E sti mated total.... . ................. . .. . . . . ............ Other Cit ies.. . . ..... . ..... . .... . .................. . . ....... A rea actuall y reporting.... . ... . ............. . . ....... . . E stimated total...... .... . ......... . ................... . R ural...... . ....... . ... . ..... . ....... . . . . . .... . ... . ... .. .. . . Area actuall y report ing. .......... . . .................... E stimated total.......... . . . .. . .. . ... . ........ . . . . ...... I , 777,000 86. 0% JOO. 0% 553, 00.0 67. 4% 100. 0% I, 132,000 39. 7% 100. 0% State TotaL... . . .. .. ... . . .. ... .. . . .. . . . . ... ... . . ....... .... 3,462, 000 Rate per 100,000 inhabi tants . . . ... . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . .. ... . ............ . . 26,830 28, 801 180 209 200 231 703 761 2,695 2,931 12,1 53 13, 150 7, 750 8,226 3, 149 3,293 3, 074 4,564 28 42 17 25 81 120 615 913 1, 316 1, 954 822 1, 220 105 290 . 1, 431 3,607 36, 972 1, 067. 9 57 144 395 11. 1 44 44 lll Ill 367 10. 6 992 28. 7 523 1,318 5, 162 149. 1 403 1, 015 16, 119 465. 6 313 789 10, 235 295. 6 47 119 3, 702 106. 9 2,409 2, 666 8 9 18 20 73 81 135 149 586 649 932 i , 031 657 727 1,660 4, 326 1, 709. 9 7 18 6. 3 25 45 17. 8 20 101 39. 9 66 215 85. 0 754 1, 403 554. 5 485 l , 518 599. 2 303 l , 030 407. 1 25, 965 59 217 746 1,401 lO, 929 8, 677 3, 936 2, 90~ 5 17 89 208 l , 302 926 356 2, OiO 2,240 31, 108 1, 934. 5 15 48 52 286 55 16 895 205 222 1, 831 113. 9 830 898 13, 129 816. 5 614 664 10, 267 303 328 4, 620 (;38. 2 7. 3 ALASKA Standard Metropoli tan Statisti ca l Area. . . . . . .......... . . .. . None Other Cities.. ...... . ... ..... . . . .. . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . ..... . . 89, 000 A rea actuall y reporUng.. .. .. . .... . ... . . ... . ... . .. .... .. 90. 4% Estimated total... . . . . . .. .. . ... .. .. . .... . ..... . ... . .... . 100. 0% Rw·al. .. ..... . . ... . . . ... .. . . ..... .. . ... . . . . . . .. . . .. ... . ... . . 164, 000 Area actuall y report ing. . .... . ... . .. . .......... . . ...... . 100. 0% State TotaL . ...... .. . ..... ... . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . •.. . .. . . .. ... . . 253, 000 R ate per 100,000 inhabitants .. . . ... .. ... ... . . ........ .. . ......... ... . . ARIZONA Standa rd Metropoli ta n tat istical A rea. . .. ... .. . ... . . . .. . . . A rea actuall y report in g. ....•........ .... ... . ...... . ... . Other Cit ies . . . . .... ..... . .......... . ....... ........ . ... . . . . Area actuall y reporting•. . ... . .. . .. . .......•. . . . . . .. .... Rural.. .. . .. . ... . ............ . ... . . . ...... ... .•. .... . . . · · · ·· A rea act uall y reporting. ....... . .... . ... . ....... . .. . . . . . E stimated total.. ......... . . .. . ..................... .. . . State TotaL ................ . ..... . . . ....... . . ..... . . . Halo per 100,000 iuhabitunts . 1,177, 000 100. 0% l 73, 000 100. 0% 258, 000 92. 4% 100. 0% 1. 608, 000 80 ii. 0 17. 8 60

)5 . i

j

�ARKANSAS Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area ______ __ ____ _____ ____ 595,000 Area actuall y reportiug_________________ ____________ ____ 91. 9% Estimated totaL_________________________ __ ____________ JOO. 0% Other Cities __ _____ ___ __ __ ---- ------------------ ----- --- --- 465,000 Area actuall y reporting____________________ ____ ____ _____ 61. 0% Est imated totaL_____ __________ ____________ __ _____ _____ 100. 0% RuraL_____ _________ __________ ________ ______________ ________ 900, 000 Area actually reporting_______ __ ______ ______ _____ _______ 51. 0% Estimnted-totaL_________________ ____ _________ ____ ___ __ 100. 0% State Tota!__ ___ ___ _____ ____ ___ __ _____ _________ _______________ l, 960,000 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___________ ______ ___ __ ______ ----- --- ------ 8,120 8, 571 46 50 104 120 324 347 914 995 2, 946 3,052 2,912 1,028 1, 095 2, 151 3,520 11 18 16 20 37 61 301 494 945 1, 550 621 1,019 220 361 1,226 2, 403 14,503 739. 9 24 47 11 5 5. 9 29 57 203 10. 4 29 57 465 23. 7 199 390 1,879 95. 9 572 1, 121 5, 723 292.0 317 621 4,552 232. 2 56 110 1, 566 79. 9 454,460 456,222 707 800 3,670 3, 689 20, 244 20,303 24,000 24, 796 205,884 206, 793 121,479 121, 925 77,606 77, 916 17, 080 17,165 26 20 80 80 428 430 812 816 8,345 8,382 4,914 4,936 2,475 18, 304 l ,326 491, 713 2,643. 5 54 54 880 ·1. 7 170 170 3,948 21. 2 348 348 21, 081 113. 3 968 960 28,581 142. 9 0,819 0,832 225, 007 1,209.6 5,575 5,582 132,443 712. 0 1, 370 l, 371 81, 773 430. 0 24,278 50 243 1,012 1, 179 10,407 7,119 4,268 1,063 1,119 320 337 2,758 CALIFORNIA Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area_______ ___ ___ ________ 16,615, 000 Area actually reporting_______ _____ ________________ ___ __ 90. 5% E stimated total______ ___ _____ ___________ _____ _____ ____ __ 100. 0% Other Cities___ ____ _____ __ ___ ------ _______ ___ --- --- ---- --- -06, 000 Area actually reporting_____ ______ ___ _____ ______ ____ __ __ 99. 6% Estimated total __ ____ _____ _______ _____ _- ___ __ -_- _______ JOO. 0% Rural _- ---- --- -- --- -- ----- --- ---- --------------------- --- -J, J O, 000 Area actually reporting__________________________ ______ _ 09. 0% E stimated total_ -------- --- ------- ---- ------------ ----100. 0% State TotaL----- - ----- - -- _______ _________ __ ________ ---- ____ 18,602,000 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants----- ---- ----- ------ ------ -- -- ------ ------ 2,486 COLORADO Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area__ _____ ___ _____ ___ ___ J, 378,000 Area actually reporting_____ ___ ___ _____ ____ ____ ____ _____ JOO. 0% Other Cities______ _____________________ ___ ____ ______________ 227, 000 A.rea actually reporting__________ ______________________ _ . 95. 0% E stimated totaL __ ______ ___ _____________ _____ _____ ___ __ JOO. 0% Rural __ ________ ______ _____ _____ ___ __ __________ _______ __ ____ 304,000 Area actually reporting_____ _______ ______ ______ ____ ___ __ 7 . 5% E stimated total_-- ---- ----- -- --- ------- ---- ------- --- -JOO. 0% State Total___________________ _____ ___ __ _____ ___ ___ ______ ___ __ 1,969, 000 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants..---- ------ --- --- -------- -- - - ---------- -- - 2, 518 2, 651 2 2 15 16 22 23 112 118 984 1,036 2,728 3,478 30,407 1, 544.3 13 17 69 3. 5 46 59 318 16. 2 30 38 1,073 54. 5 196 250 1, 547 78.6 1,078 1,374 12,817 65 1. 0 !, 137 I, 449 9,687 492. 0 228 201 4, 896 248. 7 20, 448 30,196 41 41 110 112 501 514 l, 072 1,099 13, 826 14, 171 8,262 5,636 1, 356 3 20 JO 78 638 363 244 16 22 546 19. 3 56 1,233 43. 5 1, 150 15, 959 563. 5 350 9, 188 324. 4 129 8, 157 217. 4 CONNECTICUT Standard Metropolitan Statistical Arca__________ _____ ______ 2,44 1,000 Area actuall y reporting________ _____ ________ ______ ______ 97. 6% E stimated total

-------100. 0%

Other Cities ______ ___-----------------------____ ___ ______ ______ __ _____--__

102,000 Area actually reporting____________ ___ ________ ___ _______ 100. 0% Rural __ _______ ____ ___ ______ ____ -- ---__ __ ___ __ ______________ 229, 000 Area actually reporting_____ ___ ____ _____ __ __ ___ _____ ____ JOO. 0% State Tota!___ ______ _________ __ ____ _______ ____________________ 2,832,000 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants--- --- ----- ------- ----- ----- -- --- --- ------.;r °' See footnotes at end of table. 1,725 33,277 1, 175. 1 2 48 I. 6 148 5. 2 8, 475 5,784 �Table 3.-lndex of Crime by State, 1965-Continued [See footnotes 1 and 2 for population data] Area Population Total offenses M urder and nonnegligent manslaughter Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault Burglary Larceny $50 and over Auto theft DELAWARE Standard Metropoli tan Stati~tical Area __ ______ ___ _______ ___ 350, 000 Area actually reporting________ .. ________ ___ ___. . ____ . __ 100. 0% Other Cities __. _____ . ___ __ __ ___ ______ ________ __ _. _______ ___ _ 29,000 Area actually reporting ______ ___ __. ___ . _____ ______ ___ . . _ 80.4% Estimated totaL ______________ -. ---- --- --- --- -- ---- ---100.0% Rural. ________ __ _________ __ ____ __ ___ ___ _____ ____ _______ _____ 126, 000 Area actually reporting _____ ___________. __ __ ___ __ __ ____ . LOO. 0% State Tota!_ _____ _________ ___ ----- ------- ----------. ------ - ___ 505, 000 R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ___ ____ ________ __________ ___ ------ -------FLORIDA Area ______ ___________ ____ 3, 899,000 Standard Metropoli tan Statistical Area actuaJ! y reporting _____ ------ ----. -... -- ---- . -- . --96. @o 100. 0 Estimated total. ____ _. --- - --- . ---- .. . ---- ---- -- --- -- --- . 795, 000 Other Cities ___ __. ____ _. __. ---- --- .---- .---- -------- --. -- --83. 6% Area actually reporting ___________ . --------. --- . --- ----100. 0% Estimated total.. ... --- __ __---- _---- -- ---- .. -- ---- -- . . -], Ill, 000 Rural. ....... ___ - -- . ---- ---- - -- -- -- ---- -- ----- -- ------- -- --Area actuall y reporLing ___ ____ ____ __. _. . . __.. _--- - .. ____ 57. 8% Estimated total __ ____ ______ ___ ____ ____ __ ___ _____ __ ____ __ 100.0% State TotaL. ____ ____ _____ _____ __.. ___ . ----- --- - --- --- - -- --- .. 5, 805,000 R ate p er 100,000 inhabitants ________ _____ __ ___ ___ _____ __ -------------- 5, 462 15 21 257 48 2, 524 1, 465 I, 132 332 372 3 2 3 2 13 15 48 54 14 l 158 78 87 47 53 668 6, 502 1,287. 6 8 26 5. 1 7 30 5. 9 5 277 54. 9 40 142 28.1 351 3,033 600. 6 206 1, 758 348. 1 51 1,236 244. 8 88, 837 91,665 303 313 498 516 4,311 4,438 7,474 7,707 41 , 928 43,264 24,693 25,483 9, 630 9, 944 10,014 11, 974 53 63 53 63 317 370 I, 128 I, 349 4, 871 5, 825 2,564 3,066 1, 028 I, 220 7,573 13. 093 116, 732 2,010.0 82 142 518 8. 0 111 192 771 13. 3 190 329 5, 146 88. 6 1, 096 I, 895 10, 951 188. 6 3, 711 6,467 55, 558 957. 0 1, 839 3,179 31, 728 546. 6 514 89 12, 082 207. 8 33,411 35, 057 225 237 300 318 942 082 2,508 2,615 13,529 1'1, 233 9, 941 10,458 5,966 6,214 63 95 918 I, 382 2, 4i4 3,726 J, 231 1,854 776 I, 169 I, 148 3, 2i7 531 I, 516 13, 828 8,430 3 17. •J J03. 5 GEORGIA Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area ___________________ __ Area actuall y reporting ______ _________________ ____ _____ . Estimated total. __ ___ ___ __ . _. _. ___ . ______ _. ___ . _______ __ Other Cities .. _________ ___________ . ____ ________ . . ___ ____ ____ Area actually reporting ________ --- --- ------ ------------Estimated total ________________ . __ . _______ __ ____ ________ RurnL _________ ___ _________ . _______________ . __ .. __. __ ... _.. _ Area actually reporting __________ ___ _____ ___ __ _________ Estimatccl total__ __________ . _____ . ______ _____ .. ____ . __._ State TotaL ___ _____ ____ ________ ___ ___

------ --- ---- - --Rote per 100,000 i nhahitnnts __

2, 116, 000 94. 5% JOO. 0% 695, 000 66. 4% 100. 0% I, 546, 000 35.0% 100. 0% 4, 357, 000 5,537 8,339 45 68 30 45 3, 109 8,875 52,271 78 223 586 - ----------- 65 180 491 I, 100. 7 11. :i 13. 4 77 220 1, 297 29. S 843 2,406 6, 403 117. 0 21,236 ,JS7. ,1 367 l ,0'17 �HAWAII Standard Metropoli tan Statistical Area___ _________ ___ __ __ __ Area actualJy reporting____ ____ _______ _______ ________ ___ Other Cities_________________ ____ _____ ___ __________ _______ __ Rur~rea actuall y reporting________ ___ __________ ___________ _ 1:: ~6ll Area actualJ y reporting____ ___ ____________________ ______ JOO. 0% 8t01 574,000 JOO. 0% 5 1, 000 R~t~·~ei--ioo;iioo-ia-habitaiiis::: :: :::: :::::::::::: ::::::: -----_:'. '.'. 143.215.248.55 - 12,522 479 437 13,438 l, 890. I 6 130

------- --- ---- ----- -- -- -------5 ·---- --- --- -3

23 133 8 3. 2 .8 J .7 2 2 6, 430 ~, 125 2, 531 ' 18 287 143 131 29 329 46.3 257 6,974 9 9 124 3,392 4ii. 1 19 2,68 1 363. 0 o. IDAHO Standard M etropolitan Statistical Area ___ _________ _____ ____ Oth_e,\rrec1ta1_cestually reporting _________ _____ _______ ___ _________ . lf~ff~;f~l~lt~f15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~~::::::::::::::::: :::::: ::: ::::::: J00, 000 JOO. O% 259,000 l , 203 3 Ji 50 425 .579 1'20 l~~: 6~ 3.102 3, 14<1 5 5 13 13 45 40 ·160 102 1, 228 J. 245 l , 214 J. 230 437 ,i43 1, 757 19 22 38 5. 5 6 7 70 10. I 127 2,070 6,417 927.3 8 9 14 2. 0 371 53. 0 090 813 2, 483 358. 8 78-1 924 2, 733 394. 9 123 145 708 102. 3 153, JO I 158,0 14 505 520 I , 536 J, 590 17, 223 13, 155 13, 589' 50,496 52, 54-l 32, 65~ 33,909 38, 061 39,233 5,948 0, 6 ll 0 10 29 32 JOO 211 2,734 3,039 1,928 2, 143 649 455 5,200 6, 4G6 171, 691 l , 613. I J7 81 10[ 17, 535 IM. 8 409 509 14, 553 130. 7 2, 399 2,983 58, 588 550. 3 1, 842 2,290 38, 342 360. 2 389 484 5. 2 63 78 1, 708 16.0 45,4 15 46,539 121 123 308 378 2,450 2, 523 2,308 2,369 18,640 19,082 12, 131 12, 429 9, 391 9,635 7,923 8, 560 18 19 43 46 137 148 405 438 3,35'1 3,624 2,&10 2,852 l, 326 I , 433 4,377 4, 394 59, 493 I, 217. 9 29 29 171 3. 5 42 42 466 9. 5 60 00 2, 73 1 55. 9 259 260 3,067 02. 8 2,529 2, 539 25, 245 516. 8 1, 0.58 1,062 16, 343 334. 6 400 402 11 , 470 234. 8 Rural_________ __________ _______________ __ ___ ____ ____ ___ ___ _ 333, 000 Area actuall y reporting____ ________ _____ __________ __ ____ 84. % Estimated totaL _______ _______ ____ ___ _______ ____ __ __ __ _ JOO. 0% State Total__ __ __________ _________ _____ ______________________ 692, 000 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants__ __ ___ _________ __ ___________ _______ _____ _

--------

150 ILLINOIS Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area____ ____ _________ ____ 8, 486, 000 Area actuall y reportin g_______________ ____ ______________ 95. 4% Estimated total_________ ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ ___________ JOO. 0% Other Cities_____ _______ _______________ ___________ ___ __ _____ 913,000 Area actuall y reporting_______________ ______ ____________ 90. 0'.!'9 E stimated total ________ _____________ ___ ___ _____________ JOO. Oo/0 RuraL ______ ______ ______ _______ ____ ___ ___ ___ _____ ___ _______ l, 244 , 000 Area actuall y reporting____ __ _______ ______ ______________ 80. 4% Estimated totaL_____ __________ __ __ _____ ____ ___ ___ _____ JOO. 0% State TotaL ____ ________ _,_________ ______ ____ __________ ______ _ 10, 844, 000 Rate per J00,000 inhabita nts ________ ____ _____________ _____ __________ __ 21 551 JG, 755 409 ·, 721 ~1i~g 4 INDIANA Standard M etropolitan Statistical Ar ea____ ___ ______________ 2,876, 000 Area actuall y reporting_________________ _______ __ _____ __ 98. 1% Estim ated totaL____________ ___________________________ JOO. 0% Other Cities ______ ________ _________________________ _------- 824,000 Area actuall y reporting_____________ _________________ ___ 92. 6% Estimated total _--- ------------- ------- ------------ -- -JOO. 0% Rural _-- -------- ----- --- --------- ------ __ _____ _-----------l, 185,000 Arca actually reporting_______ _________ ______ _____ ____ __ 99. 6% Estimated totaL _________ _____________ -- -------- ------100. 0% State TotaL ---- ---------- ------------ ----- -- ----- --- __ __ ____ 4,885,000 Rate per 100,000 in habitants __ ____ ____ ___ _______ ___ ___ __ -------- ---- -<:.,, <:O See footnotes at end of table. - I �0:, Tahle 3.-lndex nf Crime by State, 1965-Continued 0 [Sec footnotes I and 2 for population data] Population Arca Total offenses M urder and non· negli gent , nan slaughtcr Forcible mpe Aggravated assault Robbery flw- glary Larceny $50 and Auto theft over IOWA Standard Metropolitan Statistical Are,1 .. . .. . . . . .... . Arca actu all y reporting... .... . . .. -· -··········· ·· ··· · · Other Cities. . ___ _____ . . ____. __. . . __ _.. ____ -· . ... ---···..... Arca actually reporting. . . . -- · ·-········· · ·-· · · -·· -····· Estimated totaJ... _________ ____· · · ·--·· -··· · · ····- ··· . .. Run·L-- ·--·- ··· - -- -- ---- - - --- -· - -·········· · ·-·· · · ···-- · .. . 03i,OOO 100. 0% ilO, 000 0/i. I% 100. 0% I, I 13. 000 Arca act uall y rcpor ling. ............. -· --····· · · · ···-··· R5. i% Estim ated tntaL - -- - --····· -··-·········-- · ··········· · 100.0% State Total. - -·· . ____ ___. . ______ . .... . ....... . ___. . · -........ 2, 760, 000 Rate per 100,000 inh ahitn nts.... . . . . . . . . . ... . -·-· · · ··· - · · · · ·· · · ·· - ···· 10.fi'.19 20 nO 266 209 4, 244 3, R54 1, 97r, 166 175 2, 1"7 2,280 I. 638 1,723 68 1 ilfi 2fl 4, 72fi 4: 971 fl r, 12 13 55 58 3, 342 3, 898 19. 498 706 . 5 9 10 36 I. 3 43 50 123 4. 5 30 354 12. 8 14fi 170 554 20. 1 I , 60fi 1,874 8, 398 304. 3 I. 343 I. .'ifi7 7, 144 2/iR. 8 lfi9 197 2,889 104. i 13, 12R 34 121 359 1,005 r,, 274 3, ;i22 1, R13 ,5, 137 5, 197 14 14 20 20 104 105 281 2S4 2,345 2, 373 1. 73 1 fl42 I , 751 fi.'iO 3, 520 3, 93(i 22, 261 99fi . .'i 11 12 60 2. 7 .'in 65 73 537 24. 0 270 302 1,591 71. 2 1,fiOfi 1, 796 10, 443 407 . .'i I , 263 r,3 204 9. 1 1, 412 6, 685 299. 3 240 278 2, 741 122. i 22, 743 24, Oi 4 79 84 100 107 942 99fi 91 5 9r,9 8, 833 9,350 8.144 8, fi23 3, 730 3, 94.'i 4,481 5,329 2fl 23 27 94 112 493 58fi 2, 144 31 2, 550 I. 183 1,407 518 fi l6 37 7/l 209 2fl 180 3fi4 1. 919 I. IOR 2,240 14. 140 483 \)ifi 11. 008 120 21i l 4. 822 KANSAS Staorlard Metropoli tan Statistical Area...... --·-··- · ······· oor..ooo Arca actuall y rcporlin ~----········· · · · ······· - · · ...... . IOO. 0% Other CitiCS-, - ---- -- --------- -····-·····. ·· ···- · ··· · -·-···. r.04, 000 Arca actuall y reporting ______ . . _... --·· .... ··-· - · · ·- ··- · 08. 8% Estimated total. ---------····· · ··-····--·· . ... ··· -···· . 100. 0% Rural ____ __-···-· ---- --. ____ ·-··-- . ................... ·- . .. 724. 000 Arca actually reporting ...... ---·-··-···· --·· - -·-··· · -·· 89.4 % Estimated total. - ---·· · ·····-···-·-···--· ·· · -·· ··-····· 100. 0% State Total. _··· · -··-- ___ ....... ____ .. ___ ........ __ __. .. ___ .. 2, 234, 000 Rate per 100,000 inh ahi tants.---- --· ·-·· ·· ·-··-·-··-···- -- · ··-·- · -· · -· KENT UCKY Standard Metropolitan Statistical Arca .. . .. -- ·-- ·--· - · ·-Arca actuall y reporting. . --···-··· ·-······-··-·····--··· E stimated total. __ ___ __ _____ ... __ .... _. . ___.. __ ... . _._. Other Cities . . __ ______ ____ ___ _. ___ . . _. ....... _.. __.. -- ... . . . Arca actu all y reportin g.. --- ----···-···-·····-···-· · ···. Est imated total __ ____ ____ . __· -· .... _........ · -........ . R ural __ -· ···- .. . ______ _________ . _____ .. -·_ . .. _.... _. . . ____ . Arca act uall y reportin g______ __.. __ ............. ___. . .. . Stat143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)\'~t tcr~_total __ .------ -- ---·- -------- · ·---- - -- --- ... . Rate per I00,01)0 inhal,itn nt:,; __ --- - - I , 17/i. 000 94.4 % 100. 0% !i03. 000 84. 1% IOO 0% I , :,01. 000 ,m.5% 100.0% 3, 179.000 I, 992 4., 028 33, 431 1,051.fi 2fi 53 168 ii. 3 n. n /i9 l , 187

~n. 7

liO. 4 4•14. 8 3·1/i. 2 l fl l. 7 �LOUISIANA Standar d M etropolitan St a t istical Area _________ ______ ___ ___ A r ea actually repor ting____ ________________ ________ _____ Estimated tota L _____ ___________ ___________ __________ __ Other Cities_____ ____________________ ____ _____ _____ ___ ____ __ 1, 930,000 98. 8'.z!, 100. Oo/o 454,000 33,143 33, 64 1 176 178 269 272 1,533 I, 559 2,915 2, 956 12,620 12, 809 9,258 9, 386 6, 372 6,481 i~~l'i:;t~ftlt~r15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~~:::::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1l8: g~ 2,293 3, 039 15 20 18 24 61 81 231 306 1, 128 1,405 608 806 232 307 3,483 41,840 1, 184. 0 59 87 285 8. 1 66 98 394 11. 1 117 173 1, 813 51. 3 961 1,424 4, 686 132. 6 I. 133 J, 679 15, 983 452. 3 897 l , 329 11, 521 326.0 250 370 7, 158 202. 6 2,567 2,664 6 6 14 14 23 24 07 100 I, 259 I, 304 I, 736 2, 186 7 9 7 9 5 6 77 97 l , 877 1,902 6, 752 680. 0 21 2. 1 20 20 43 4. 3 10 JO 40 4. 0 56,148 103 455 l , 935 1,060 13 13 7 7 2, 058 2, 347 60,464 26 30 236 24 I , 71 8. 2 75, 771 79,214 RuraL _ ----------------------- ---------------- ____ _______ __ 1,150,000 Area a ctu ally re porting_____ ___________ ____ ___________ __ 67. 5% E stim a ted totaL ___ ________________ _____ ___________ ____ 100. 0% State Total______ __ __________ _________________ _____________ __ 3,534,000 R a te p er 100,000 inhabita nts ____ __ ___ __ ____ ______ ___ ____ -------------- 5, 160 MAINE Sta ndard M etr opolitan Statistica l A r ea ________________ _____ 2i7, 000 96. 3% A rea a ctually reporting __ ____ ___________ _________ ______ _ E s timated total____________ __ _____ ___ ______ _____ __ ___ __ 100. 0% Other C ities__________________________________ _________ _____ 369,000 Area a ctuall y r epor ting____________ _________ __ ________ __ 79. 4% E s tima t ed total_- ------ --------- ------------ - -------- -100. 0% Rural___ __________________ ____ __ ___ _____________ __ __ ____ ___ 347,000 98. 6% A r ea actually r epor ting_______ __ __________ ____ ______ ____ JOO. 0% E s t im a ted tota L ______ ______ _________ ____ __ ___ ______ __ _ State TotaL _____ ____ ____________ ___ ___ __ _______ __ ___ ___ ____ _ 993,000 R ate p er 100,000 inha bita nts ___ ___________ _____ __ ____ ___ -- - -- - - -- - ---- 782 . 813 386 403 I, 113 884 521 656 235 296 104 105 302 30. 4 1, 109 1, 124 3, 541 356. 6 436 442 1,911 192. 5 192 195 894 90. 0 2,827 6,067 20,459 16, 000 10,147 53 54 135 137 890 906 507 516 330 336 6. 7 33 38 2, 919 83. 0 161 184 6,388 181. 5 973 1, 109 22, 474 638. 7 592 489 13. 9 17,191 488. 5 249 284 10, 767 306. 0 124 129 259 272 2,023 2, 115 2,400 2, 604 27, 772 29, 032 15, 960 16,685 27,143 28, 3'17 1, 260 17 22 101 553 424 1,43 136 80, 610 l, 507. 3 I 290 2 2, 139 40. 0 7 2,712 50. 7 70 29, 655 554. 5 43 17, 152 320. 7 13 28, 533 533. 5 6 6 MARYLAND Standard M etr opolitan Statis t ical Area ..... __ ____ _______ __ __ 2,824,000 Area actuall y reporting_ __________ ___ ___ ____ _________ ___ 100. 0% Other C ities ____________________________ _____ _____ __________ 182,000 Arca a ctuall y reporting__________ _________ _______ ___ ____ 98. 2% 100. 0% E s timated totnL __________________ ______________ _______ 514,000 R u ral. ----------------------------- --- - -_ _____ __ ________ ___ Area a ctuall y r eporting______________ _____ _______ ____ ___ 87. 7'.z!, E s timated total _____________ ______ _________ ____ __ ______ JOO. Oo/o State Tota!_____ ____ _____________ _______ _______ ___ __ ___ ______ 3,519, 000 R a te per 100,000 inhabita nts ____ _________ __________ __ ___ - - ----- ------ - MASSACHUSETTS Sta ndard Metropolita n Sta t is tical Area ___ _____ ____ _____ ___ _ 5,207,000 Area a ctually reporting _________ ____ __ _____ _____________ 95. ?'.z!, E s tima t ed total ___ _______ ____ _______ __ ___ ____ ______ ____ _ 100. U"/o Other Cities_ _____________ ____ _______ _______ _______ _______ __ 107, 000 A rea actually reportfog___ ____ _____ _____ _________ _______ 100. 0% Rural _____ __________ ______ ___ __ ___ ____ _______ __ ___ ______ ____ 34, 000 Area actu all y reporting_______ ____ ____ ___ ______ _____ ____ JOO. 0% State Tota!_ _________ . __ _______ __ ____________ _. __ _____ . ______ _ 5, 348,000 R ate per 100,000 inha bita nts _____ ____ ______ _________ ____ ---- - ---- ----- See foo t notes at encl of table. 129 2. 4 27 5. 4 675 �r Table 3.-lndex of Crim e by State, 1965-Continuecl [Seo footnotes I an d 2 for p op ula tion d a t a ] A rea Pop nla t ion T ota l o ffenses M ard er an d nonnegligen t man- F orcible rape Robbery Aggrava ted assa ul t L arcen y $50 and Burglar y over Auto the ft · sla u gh ter MICHIGAN S ta nda rd Metropolita n S ta tistical Arca __ ___________________ Area actuall y repor ti ng __ ____ __ ___ _____ __ __ _______ ____ __ E s tim a ted totaL ________________ ____ _______ _____ ______ _ Other C ities ___________ ______ ________ ____________ ____ ___ ____ Area reporting - --------- -- --- --------------E s timactually a ted totaL _____ ____ ______ . ____ ______ __ _________ ____ R u ra l __ __ __ _________________________________________________ Area actuall y repor ting _______________ ____ ______________ E stim a ted totaJ ___ ___ __ _______ . __ _____ __ __ _________ ______ State Total. ___ _______ ______ __ __ ____ -- - ___ -- - _________ _____ ___ R ate p er J00,000 in ha hitan ts ___________ __________ ____ ___ r,, 305, 000 99. 2% 100.0% f,73, 000 95.6% 100. 0% 1, 230,000 09. 5% 100.0% 8,218,000

123, 027 124, 025 303 305 l, 44 1 I, 453 8, 074 8, 146 9, 346· 9,423 47, 896 48, 275 31, 811 32, 064 24, 156 24,359 5, 912 6, 181 9 9 47 40 125 131 470 401 2, 878 3, 009 I, 539 I, 600 844 883 12,200 12, 357 142, 563 1,734.8 44 44 358 4:4 166 167 1, 669 20. 3 154 155 8, 432 102. 6 751 755 10,669 129. 8 6,631 6, 667 57, 951 705. 2 3,491 3, 510 37, 183 452. 5 1, 053 1, 059 26, 301 320. l 33, 560 33,69 1 35 35 150 150 1, 394 1,399 1: 203 l , 208 15, 340 15, 396 9, 195 9,228 6, 252 6, 275 9 9 Jll Ii 7.5 77 1, 258 l , 298 1,346 1, 389 562 580 2r, 27 186 In 17 1, 433 40. ~ 116 120 1, 405 39. 5 2, 003 2, 159 18, 853 530. 5 1,136 I, 172 11, 789 331. 7 301 310 7, 165 201. 6 MINNESOTA S ta n da rd M etrop olita n S ta tis tical Area ___________ __ ________ Area a ct u a ll y repor ti ng ___ ______ ____ ______ _____ --------E s tim a ted totaL ____ __ __ ______ - _____ - _- --- - - - - - - - - -- - - -Other Ci ties _____ __________ . __- _- - - --- -- --- ---- - -- - ---- - - --Area a c tually rep or ting ____ - - -- ----- - - . - . - - -- - - ---- - - - - E s____ timated LOta_________________ L. . __ ___ . - - -- - - - -___ - - ________ . -- - - --- ______________ - - - - - - - - - - -- -Rural ___ __ ____ A rea actually rep or ting ____ ___ .- ------- - - - -- ---- -- -----E stim a ted tota J. ______ - _- -- - - - - ____ --- - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - State Total. ______ ___ ___ ._ -- -- __- - - - - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - - - R a te p er 100,000 inlla hi ta n ts _____________ ______ ____ _____ l , 881, 000 99. 7% 100. 0% 547,000 9fi. 0~ 100. 0 0 J, 127, 000 07.0% 100. 0% 3,554,000 --·-------- --- 3,267 3,371 3, 702 ~. 810 40, 881 I, 150. 3 14 14 50 I. 4 5. 2 I, 594 2, 063 18 25 11 17 34 45 151 25H 857 1, 045 309 406 214 267 5, 287 7, 158 46 22 30 81 110 905 l , 225 2, 249 3,045 J, 405 62 579 784 46 57 17U 334 521 l, 7fi5 3,248 4 13 2, 53f, 6, 626 149 I, 35fl 3, 664 U!) 0

.!~.).

I Al.!) MISSISSIPPI S tancla rcl i\fotropolita n S ta iistica l Arca --------- ------- -Arca a ctua ll y rep orting _______ ___________ -- -------- ---- E sLim a tcrl total. _____ - - . - - - - - - - - ... - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ot her C it ies _________________________ ___ ______ . -----. --- ___ ,\rca actua ll y re p or t ing __ ___ ______ .. - - --------- - -------E stima ted total _- ------- - --------------------------- ___ Ru•·,, i __ - -- - - - - - ______ ___ - _ - ___ - _ - - _______ . __ - _ - _ - - - _ - _ ____ .\ rca actu a ll y rep or tin g __ __ _____ __ li:s1inmtccl totuJ State Total H:lll' p r r 100,0<l(i -i11 l~·d1i1a111 s

--- ------- ----

251, 000 66. I% 100.0% 715, 000 73.9% 100. 0% 1, 355, 000 33.0% JOO. 0% 2, 321, 000 l , 377 Ii, Sta 16, 034 i:no ' 41 120 207 R. n 113 160 n. n II I I f-i l, 002 150 744 I, 795 ii :l �MISSOURI Standard Metropolitan Statistical Area_________ _________ ___ Area actuall y reporting____ _____________ _____ ___________ E stimated totaL - -- -- -- ---- -- ---- - - -- - - --- - -· ·-- - · · -··Ot her Cities . . - · -··- ' -·-·-· · · - · · -·-·· ·-· -····--·-·-· · - · -·· ·Arca actually reporting.. · - · - - · -- · - - --· -· - - · -·-·-··-· ·- · E stimated totaL -· -··· - · · - · - · -- --· -·· ·--· · - - - -···- · - · · Rural _- -···---·- - ·---· -··-·· · -·- · · -· ---·- - -- · -- --· -· --· - · · - ~~IT~~ticfi~t~I~~:~'.' .!:::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 2, 835,000 99. 5% 100. 0% 532, 000 93. 6% JOO. 0% I, 129,000 186: i~ State TotaL - --·-· · · · · · -·- ···-·- · --- - · -- -·--- - ·-- - -· - ·--···-4, 497,000 R ate per 100,000 inha bitants--·· ··· ··- · ·-·-·-··-·- -· ·· ·- · -- ···-·----·- 59,364 no, 102 230 23 1 663 607 3,901 3, 925 4,22 1 4, 246 27, 900 28,056 4, 106 4, 385 13 14 17 18 77 2 267 285 2, 120 5, 346 7, 972 72, 059 1, 602. 5 37 55 300 6. 7 85 127 812 18. I 126 4, 195 93. 3 503 750 5,281 117. 4 II 63 10 II 23 25 I 11 , 7 1 11, 7 2 JO, 73 1 10, 795 I, 367 l , 460 380 34, 311 763. 0 l, 430 2,132 15,.374 341. 9 392 585 11, 786 202. I JO I I, 304 976 499 77 83 845 9 16 732 793 572 620 148 1.51 335 47. fl 957 977 3, 197 452. 9 750 765 2, 534 359. 0 273 279 1, 398 198. 0 I , 985 2,773 4, 135 406 MONTANA Standard 1'"1etropolitan Statistical Area ...· --·-- · - · - · - - -- · ·· 165,000 Area actually reporting .. · - ·----·· · · · -· ··-·- · -··-·-·--·JOO. 0% Other Cities.--- ·---- · ······ · ·- ·-·-·---· · -· · --· -· -·-·-··--·· 206,000 Area actuall y repor trn!:.· -- -·· -· --··--· · · - -- · - - · -· · - · -·· 92. 3% E stimated totaL · · -· . . _. ___ .... -- · ··-·. -- -·. - · - . ·- . . -·100. 0% RuraL - · - ·-- -·. --·-· _·-- __. . __ -· -- · -· ·-. -· ---- . . -· ··-·· ___ 335, 000 Area actuall y reportiog.·-·- · - - · ··- -·-·· -·- · ----··----- _ 98. 0% E st imated totaL - --·· · - ···· -· ·- · - - · -··-·----·-·-- ·-··-· 100. 0% Sta te Total. . _____ . __ _. _- · _. -· · ·.-· ._ . _-· - ·--. • . · - - . -- . ·-· _- . 706, 000 R ate per 100,000 inha bitants· -·- · --··-··-·--·-···-··--·- · ··---·-····· · !?, 955 2,263 2, 452 4 4 2, 191 2,236 7,643 I, 082. 7 7 12 I. 7 32 33 55 7. 8 24 24 112 15. 0 8, 020 8,568 20 21 50 56 270 278 139 156 3,604 3, 830 2,071 2, 252 l , 866 I , 975 I , 756 I , 933 3 3 8 9 19 21 94 104 755 83 1 626 689 251 276 1, 840 2,075 12, 576 51. 5 IJ 10 78 22 25 324 21. 9 138 156 418 28. 2 907 12 36 2. 4 616 695 3,836 246. 2 136 153 2, 404 162. 8 NEBRASKA Stan dard l\Ietropolitan Statist ical Area. ---· · ····-------· ··· Area actuall y reporting.---··· · ··---····---······----· · · E stimated total.. .... . ... . . ··----···----· · ··-·--- -··-··. Other Cities __. . ... . . · -- - - - .. __·- .. _.... _-· .. ·- __ . _. . . . __... Area actually repor ting.... . . . ... -- -- · · · - -- - · · · ··--·· . .. E stimated total. . .. .... _.· · -· . . ____ . . . . · - -- -··· -- -- · · -· · R ural.. ..... ·-· · · · - · -···----······· ··--·· -··· ·- --- - · · · - -·. . . 614,000 92.8% 100. 0% 292, 000 90. 8% 100. 0% 571 , 000 ~~!l1ni'~titlKt~T~~:~'.~~:::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::: 1: :g~ Slat'k~1~ :Je~ ioo:oo0-inl1ah·ita~-ts::: :: :: : : : : :: : : : : :::: : : : : :: : . · -. ~'.~'.'.'. 143.215.248.55. 8 See footno t es at encl or table. II 5. I I , 023 5, 884 384. 8 l �Tahle 3.-lnde:-.: of Crirne by S ta te, 1965-Con Linu ed [See footnotes l and 2 for population data] Murd er Arca Population 'l'otal ofTcnscs and non- negligent Forcible rape Aggravated assault Burglary 374 395 308 320 3. 233 3, 445 3. 143 3,373 l , fi2i 1,702 204 254 181 ior, 22r, 132 Robbery man- Larcen y $50 ancl over Auto theft slnugh tcr NEVADA Stanrtar1 n SLatisLic>tl 11, ea .. Arca actuall y reportinJ?... Forcible rape . 30,517 31,403 lf,4 mo 24 274 8•12 860 2,091 2, lSO 15, 04 15,538 6, 932 7,082 5, 192 5, 3f,0 3, 528 4,700 21 28 28 37 02 83 302 402 l, 6fl7 2, 22 l 969 I, 291 470 fl3 I, r,3r, 5, 472 41,635 J, 0 2. 0 31 11 0 307 R.O 32 I l4 425 ll. I 44 l57 1, 100 28. r, 25R 910 3,501 9l. l li50 2, 348 20, 107 523. 0 397 I, 414 9, 787 254. 5 11 · 4 l0 6, 408 119,04 [ 122, 050 574

)9

82 874 3,057 4, 065 IO, 741 II , l34 57, 47R 59, 25:i 28,087 29,225 17, 37r, 17, 799 52 " lfiO. 7 TEXAS Stannard Metropolitan Statistical Area .... . ... -··· ·· · ... 7, 174, 000 Area actuall y reporting . . . · -· ... -··· . . .. ........ . ... . ... 95.9% Estimated toinl. ... __ ....... ··· ········· ·· ·· · ·-· · · ... 100. 0% Other Cities . .... · ········· · ······· ··· ·············-·· ··· ... 1, 54 1,000 Arca actuall y reporting.·-······-·· · · ··-········ ··· .. ... 8\). % E stimated Lota!. __· · · ··········-···· · ····· ········ ·· ... 100. 0% Rural. .--··· ........ ....... . . ·-·· . ..... .. ....• ........ . . . I, 83(;, 000 Area actually reporting. .. .. •. .... . ......•.... .. 72. 2% Estimated totaL _·-· ·- ······· ······ ···· ·-··· · ······ 100.0% State Total. _... . ... . ........ ----· ····· · · ········ ·······- ·· . . 10,551, 000 Rate per I00,000 inhahitants . ... ··-···-· ······· · · - ---- ---------· l I, 650 12,970 57 fi3 ,58 142 158 l, 25 1, 401 5,92 1 H, 502 3,23 1 3,597 989 1,1 01 8, SOfi 12,204 148, 124 1,4m.9 93 l29 790 7. r, 152 211 1, 143 10. 8 151 209 4, 432 42. 0 I, 400 l , 940 14,475 137. 2 3, 798 5, 2f,3 71, 110 674. 0 2, fi7fi 3,709 36, 531 34fi. 2 53r, 743 19, 643 186.2 12,023 12, 127 9 82 21(\ 9 83 217 470 475 5, 05fi 4,307 4, 3fi0 1, 883 1, 89 375 70., I 2 19 220 fiR fib •\30 128 103 R98 9,1 13, 803 1.:1111 :l 4 4 15 4-\6 483 6. 008 339 31i7 4. 845 1~!1 I UTAH Standard Metropolitan tatistica l Arca ... . Area actuall y reporting. . ·-· .. _ . ........ ······-· .. E stimated tol11L ···-··· ... _ -· · ···· ····· -···· · .. Other C' ities._ .. -· ..... ··- ...... _........ . .......•... -·· ·Area actually reportin!(.-.. ·····-·· ················ ·· .. EsLimatcd total. ........... ... ...... . .. ... ......•... Hurni. _-····· . .. . ........ . .. Area actwil ly reporting Estima ted tol al State Total l<:t11• p f·t lltll .fl!U l 1 11!1:11!1 1·, 111-. 7.,7, 000 gg_ l o/,, 100. 0% 8fi, 000 53. 3% 100.0% 147,000 92. 3% 100.0% 990, 000 I .r)

--------------- 5

3 6 (\ 5 (i 88 229 ' H 2:{ I an 40 43 554 .;,; n fi, 095 tiOH. !l ,1 fi3 2, 064 inC: A �VERMONT Sta ndard M etropolitan Statistical Area ___ _____ ________ _____ one Other Cities__ ______ ______ __ _____ ______ __ __________ __ ____ __ _ 186, 000 Area actually reporting_______ ____ _____ _____ ____ ________ 90. 2% Estimated totaL _________ ___ ______ __ ___ ___ __ ______ ____ _ JOO. 0% Rural_ ___ __ _________ __ __ __ ___ ___ _______ ____ _______ __ ______ _ 211 ,000 Area actually reporting_____________ __________ ___ _______ 99. 1% E stimated totaL __ ____ ______ _____ __ ___ ______ ___ _____ __ _ 100. 0% State Tota!__ __ ____ ___ __ ______ __ ___ _____ _____ _____ ____ _______ 397, 000 Ra te per 100 ,000 inhabitants ________________ ___ _________ -- - ---- ------- 852 945 -- ------ --- ---------- -- 2 2 2 2 18 20 385 427 199 221 246 273 I, 343 1, 355 2,300 570. 4 2 2 .5 24 2,1 26 6. 5 16 16 18 4. 5 23 23 43 10. 8 851 859 1,280 324. 0 312 315 530 135. 0 11 5 116 389 98. 0 39, 529 14.8 313 1, 433 3, 721 16, 836 11 , 199 5, 870 5, 015 5, 44 1 36 39 45 49 151 164 717 778 2,110 2,289 I, 480 I , 006 476 516 6, 64 1 6,665 51, 63 5 I, 158. 6 109 109 296 6.6 121 121 483 10. 8 11 8 11S l , 715 3S. 5 1,463 I, 469 5, 96 133. 9 2, 400 2,4 15 21,540 483. 3 l , 555 I, 561 14, 366 322. 3 869 872 7,267 163.1 20, 11 3 29, 2.16 45 227 227 767 45 771 ) , 256 l, 260 13, 094 13, 149 9,410 9,449 4, 314 4, 335 0, 121 6, 340 10 10 2 20 71 74 25-1 2,490 2,579 2,317 2, 400 951 985 4, 835 5, 190 40, 760 1,303.4 11 12 67 2. 2 45 48 304 JO. 2 56 60 905 30. 3 1,805 60. 4 2, 369 2,543 18,271 61 I. 1 I, i14 I , 840 13, 089 157. S 377 405 5, 725 19 1. 5 4, 762 4, 907 28 24 24 162 167 595 614 2,.044 2,105 I, 255 1, 295 654 674 1,576 2, 215 4 6 8 II 40 56 11 5 162 792 I , 113 309 56 1 218 306 2, 435 2, 459 9,581 528. 8 38 38 72 4. 0 42 42 77 4. 2 38 38 261 14. 4 225 227 1, 003 55. 4 1, 368 I, 382 4,600 253. 9 449 454 2,310 127. 5 275 278 I, 258 69. 4 2 VIRGINIA Standard Metropolitan Sta tistical Area __ ______ ____ __ ____ ____ 2, 39 1, 000 Area actually reporting___ __ ____________ _____ ________ ___ 100. 0% Ot her Cities _____ _____ __ ____________________ __ ________ ___ ___ 4 9,000 Area actually repor ting______ ___ __ ___ ____ ____ ___ ________ 92. 2% E stimated totaL _- ------------- - --- -- --- ------- -------100. 0% Ru.ra l _ ----- -- -------- -- ---- - --- -- - -- ---- -- -------- - -------l , 577, 000 Area actually reporting_ ___ _____________________________ 99. 0% E stimated total _- - -- - -------------- --- ------ --- -------100. 0% State Total__ _____________________________ ___ ________ ________ 4, 457, 000 R a te per 100,000 inhabitants ___________ _______ _________ _ - ------------WASHINGTON Standard Metropoli tan Statistical Area_________ __ ____ _______ 1, 909,000 Area actually reporting__ ___________ ________ __ ______ ___ _ 99. ~'.il, E s ti mated total _________ __________ ___ __ __ ___ ___ __ ___ ___ 100. UV/o Other Cit ies_ ___ _____ _____ ________ ___ ___ ____ ________ __ ______ 469, 000 Area actually reporting_____ ______ __ __ ______ ____________ 96. 5'.z'g E stima ted total __ ______ ________ __________ ____ __________ 100. Oo/o RuraL ________ _____ __ _____ __ __ _______ __ ___ _____ ___ ________ _ 613, 000 Area actually reporting____ __ ___ _________ _____ ___ _______ 93. 2% E stimated totaL _- ------- -- ----- ------ -- - - --- --- ---- - -100. 0% State Total__ ___ _______ ____ ___ __ _____ ______ __ ____ _____ ________ _ 2,990,000 Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ______ ______________________ --- ------ ----- 263 263 282 WEST VIRGINIA Standard Metropoli tan Statistical Area___ ____________ _____ _ 588, 000 Area actu aUy reporting____________________________ ____ _ 97. 7% Estimated totaL _-------------------------------------100. 0% Other Cities__ ___ ______ _______ ___ ________ ___________________ 329, 000 Area actually reporting___ ___________ _________ ___ _____ __ 71. 1% E stimated totaL _--- --- -- --- ---------- ------ -- --------100. 0% Rural _-- -------------------- --------- --- ------------------894, 000 Area actuall y reporting______________________ ____ _____ __ 99. 0% stimated _--0% StateETotaL ___totaL _____ ___ ____----_____-----------------------------___ ___ ___ ____ ____ ____ ___ __ ___ 1,8100. 12,000 R ate per 100,000 inhabita nts _________________ __________ _ -------------See foo tn otes nt end of table. 28 �~1 Table 3.-lnde,~ of Crime by State, 1965- Continued 0 [ Seo footnotes 1 and 2 for population d ata] Area Population Total offenses M urd er and nonnegligent manslaugh ter Forcible rape Robbery Aggravated assault B urglary Larceny $50 and over Auto theft WISCONSIN Standard M etropoli ta n Statistical Area ___ - --- --- - - --- - --- 2, 060, 000 Area actuall y reporting_ _____ _____ _____________ __ __ ____ _ 98. 2% Estimated totaL _--- - ------- - ------------ ------- ------100. 0% Other Cities___ ___ _______ __ _____ __ _____________________ ____ _ 9 10, 000 Area actuall y reporting ______ _____________ ____ _____ _____ 96. 7% Estimated totaL - - --- - -- - -- - - --------------_ 100. 000 0% R ural ___________ ____ ---------___ _________________________ -- -- -- -____ 1, 174, Area actuall y reporti ng_ ___ __ ____ _________ ____ __________ 85. 5% E stimated totaL ____________ _________________ ____ ______ 100. 0% StateRTote.I ________ __-- -- - ---- --- --- --- - ------- - - ------ -- --4, 144,000 ate per 100,000 inhabitants _____ __ __ __ __ _____ _____ _____ _____ ____ __ __ _ 19,938 20, 159 44 45 80 83 397 399 869 875 6,423 6, 534 7,210 7, 290 4, 906 4,933 5, 128 5, 303 4 4 15 16 39 40 92 95 2,370 2,451 I, 720 I, 779 888 9 18 4,364 5,1 03 30, 565 737. 6 13 15 64 1. 5 43 50 149 3. 0 31 36 475 11. 5 216 253 1, 223 29. 5 2, 468 2, 886 11, 671 286. 5 I, 156 I, 352 10, 421 251. 5 437 5 11 6, 362 153. 5 2, 233 2, 354 3 3 16 17 42 44 72 76 888 885 933 327 345 801 I , 051 3,405 1,001. 6 ,', 17 22 39 11. 5 13 17 61 17. 9 54 228 7 10 2. 9 71 147 43. 2 299 304 517 ! , 460 426. 5 90 118 463 136. 2 WYOMING Standard M etropoli tan Sta tistical Area __________ __ ____ ____ _ Other Cities ____ __________________________ ----- --- ---- _____ _ Area actually reporti ng ______________ __________ ________ _ E stimated total ___ ___ _____ ------ ___ __ __---- --- _______ __ R urnL ______________ ________ __________ ------ - __________ ___ _ ~~mtitiffit~f~~'.-~'.·:~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: None 208, 000 94. 9% 100. 0% 132, 000 76.1% 100. 0% 340,000 State TotaL _ __ _____ ___________ __ ________ __ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ __ _ R ate per 100,000 inhabita nts _______________________________ ______ __ ___ 936 l , 235 363_3 1 For sta ndard metropoli ta n statistical areas in this table the percentage actuall y may not coincide with the ratio between reported and esti mated crime totals since t hese data represent the sum of sucb calculations for individual areas varyi ng in size, portions reporting, and cri me rates. 2 Population by area for each state is 1965 estimate; total population for each state is Bureau of the Census pro visional estimate as of July 1, l965 , a nd subject to cha nge. All rates were calculated on the estimated popttlation before round ing. �Table 4 .- Index of Crime , 1965, Standa rd ft1et ropolitan S tat.is t ica l A re as Standard met ropolitan stat istical ar ea P opulation Abilene, Tex_ ___ ______ ___ ________ ______________ __ __ __ _____ __ 131, 000 (Includes T aylor and J ones Cou nties.) 100. 0% Arca actually reporting______ __ ________ ___ __ ___ ____ ___ __ R ate per 100,000 inhabitants _______ __ ____ ____ _____ __ ___ _____ ___ ____ ___ Akron, Ohio_____ ___ _________ ___ ____ ____ __ _____ ____ ___ ____ __ _ 649, 000 (Includes Summit and Por tage Counties.) Area actuall y reporting____ ___ ______ ___ ______ ____ ___ ____ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inha bitants _____ __ _________ _______ ___ ___ ___ ________ __ Albany-Schenectady-Troy, N .Y_____ ______ __________ _____ ___ _ 720, 000 (I ncludes Albany , Rensselaer, Saratoga and Schenectad y Counties.) Area actually repor ting_________ __ __ ___ ___ ___ ___________ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inha bitants __ ____ ___ __ _____________ ____ ____ __ ____ ____ Allentown-Bethlehem-Eastori, Pa.-N ,]_ __ ____ _______ ____ ___ _ 502, 000 (Includes L ehigh and Nor t hampton Counties, Pa.; a nd Warren Count y, •. J.) Arca actu ally re porting________ ___ ____ ______ __ _____ _____ 90. 0% ~;tl;;J;1ot~~gb-i"~i:i-abitaiiis:::::::::::::::::::::::::::: __-___ '143,000 . ~~: ~~Altoona, Pa __ -- --- -- ----- -------------- ______ __ ____ _________ (Includes Blair Count y.) Area actu ally reporting__ ______ ____ _____ __ __ __ ___ __ _____ 97. 0% ~!~empa;;1ot~5~6-it1-hnbitai11.s:::::::::::::: ::: :::::::::: : -----_'181, .~~:~ ~Amarillo, Tex__ ______ ____ ________ ____ __ _____________________ 000 (Includes Potter a nd R a ndall Counties.) Area actuall y reporting___ ______ ____ _________ ____ __ _____ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants _____ ______ __ __ ____ __ __ _____ ____ ______ ____ Anaheim-Santa Ana-Garden Grove, Calif__ _____ __ ___ __ ______ 1, 148, 000 (I ncludes Orange Count y.) Area actually repor ting__ ___ _____ __ ________ _______ ___ ___ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ______ __________ __ _____ __ ___ ___ ____ __ _____ Ann Arbor, Mich _------- ----- -- ------ - ---- ----- -----------189. 000 (Includes Washtenaw Count y.) Arca actuall y repor ting__ ___ ____ ___ _____ ___ _____ __ ____ __ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ____ _______ __ __ ______ ______ __ ____ _____ ____ Asheville, N.C _____ ____ ________ ___ ____________________ __ ___ _ 139,000 (Includes Buncombe Co11nt y.) Area actuall y repor ting____ _______ __ ____ ____ __ ___ __ ____ _ 100. 0% R ate per 100 ,000 in habitants ______ __________ ___ __ ______ _ ____ _________ _ 'J'otal oITenses i\'1urder and nonnegligen t manslaughter F orcible rape Aggra- R obbery rnted assault Burglary Larceny $50 an d Auto theft OYe r 4 3. 0 13 9.!) 23 I 7. 5 59 44. 9 910 099. I 592 450. 4 JG8 127. 8 3 I. 308. 9 IO 2. 0 74 11. 4 486 74. 9 347 53. 5 3, 37 520. 5 2,547 , 392. 5 2, 032 313. I 6,497 902. 4 9 1. 3 38 ,1, ~ 12G 17. 5 374 5 1. 9 3. 0f>3 42-1. 0 I. 445 200. 7 I , 452 20 1. 7 3. 55 1 ~- 745 745. (i G 7 I. 4 26 28 5. 6 78 89 17. 7 143 158 31', 5 I, 722 1, 800 358. 4 I, 065 I, 105 220. 0 511 558 Il l. I 755 03 563. 0 3 3 2. I 5 5 3.;) II 13 9. I 20 23 IG. I 49 1 514 360:-.4 75 85 5U. 6 150 I GO 11 2. 2 2. 707 l, 54(i. l 7 3. 9 IO 5. 5 82 45. 3 21 4 I IS. 3 I, 125 621. 9 I, 039 57"1. 3 320 170. 9 26, I 7 2. 281.0 32 2. 8 131 I I. 4 538 ,10. 9 992 Su. 4 13, 273 I, 156. I s, 042 700. 5 3, 179 270. 9 3, 0 70 I. 626. 7 2 I.I 26 13. 8 70 37. I 234 124. 0 1, 065 504. 3 I, 224 648. 5 449 237. 9 2,003 I, 439. 0 7 IO 7. 2 42 30. 2 187 134. 3 717 5. 0 515. I 754 54 1. 7 2 G 205. 5 I , 778 I, 352. (i s, �Tah le 4. - lndex of Crime, 1965, S t a ndard Metropolitan Statistical Areas- Conti nued Standard metropolitan statistical a rea Atlanta, Ga ___ ___ _______ __________ ____ (Includes C layton, Cohh, D e Kalh, Pul ton Hnd Gw innett oun t ies.) Area actually reporting __ ______ ... -- · -- __ ----· ·Estima ted totaL __ ____________ __--- - __-- -- -· --- -- - -- -- Rate per 100,000 inhabitan ts __ ____ ___-- -- --- - --- --- - - __ _ _ Atlantic City, N ,J _______ ____ ____ _____ ____ ___ ____ _______ ____ _ (Includes Atlan tic County.) Area actually reporting ______ . _ - - -- - -- ___ ___ E s timated tota L .... - ____ ___ ______ __ _______-- · · -· ---- --· Rate per________ 100,000____ in ha bitants-- -- -- ----------- -- _ _ Aus tin, Tex ______ ____ _________ ___ _____-·-______ (Incl udes Travis County.) Arca actually repor ting ______ _ _____ ______ _____ _ _ Rate per 100,000 inha!Jitants__ ______ _____________ _______ Bakersfield, Calif_______ ___ ____ ______ _____ ____ ____ ___ _ (Includes Kero County.) Area actually reporting ____ ___ _ ___ - --- -- - -- ---- - -Rate per 100,000 inha hitanLS-- - ----- - ------ -- --- -- - -- ---. B altimore, Md _____ ____ __ __ ____-- -- --- --- ------ -- ---- -- ----(Inclucles Ba ltimore C'ity a nd .>\ nno Arunrtel, Baltimore, Carroll a nd Howard Coun t ies.) Area actua lly reporting _________ _____ _________ ·Rate per 100,000 inha hitants __________ __________ ______ _ Baton Rouge, La ____ __ __ _____ ___. ______ ____ ___ -· -- - - -·-- -- -(Includes Eas t Ba ton Rouge P nrish .) Area actually reporting __ _______ _______ ---- - -- - - - -Rate per J00,000 inhahitan ts ____ ____ ___________ ______ __ . B ay City, Mich _____ __ _____ ____ ___ ---- - -------- --- -- - (Inclucles B a y C'ounty .) Area actually reporting ___ _ Rate per 100,000 inha hil a nts_ . ------ · ___

·

Beaumont-Por t Arthur, Tex ____ . _·-·· · · ------ ___ . . (Includes J efferson a nrl Orange Count ies.) Area act ually reporting ___ ____ . E s t imated tota L _ ___________ -·Rate per 1011,000 inha bitants- .. _ __ . --Binghamton, N.Y.-Pa ---····· - ____ . _____ _ ________ _ (IDclurl es nroo me and 'l'ioga roundes , N . Y .: a nrl Susqueha n na ('011nl.y , P fl .) Area nctuall y reporting __ __ l l:ltr J)('r 100,onn inhnh i1a nls Population 'I'otal offenses Murder and n onnegligent manslnughter Forcible R obber y rape Aggravated assault Burglary Auto the rt L arceny $50 and over I, 227, 000 OR. I % 100. 0% 21, 557. 22, 088 I , 800. 7 137 141 I I. a 175 179 14. fl 537 553 1,273 45. I !03. 8 8, 229 8, 435 fi87. 7 7, 055 7,206 587. 5 94 99 M.4 124 132 75. 2 2,034 I, I 9. 7 1,027 1,055 601. 1 i25 293. 0 2,202 ?- J- 889. 9 333. 4 2,452 l , 229 4,195 4,301 350. 6 I 76, 000 30 603 630 95.6% 3,919 100.0% 4,042 2,303. I 4. 0 31 17. 7 4,508 I, 821. 7· 23 9. 3 14. l 118 47. 7 7, 3fi5 2,255. I lfi 4. 9 84 25. 7 263 258 3,428 80. 5 79. 0 1,049. fi 38,858 2,088. 5 161 8. 7 2,336 125. 6 4, 346 12, 587 676. 5 11 , 629 18.0 625. 0 7,464 401. 2 5,315 2,005.4 JR 6. 2 28 IO. 9 11 9 318 123. 6 2, 295 46. 2 2,085 810. 2 176. 4 35 32. 4 40. 8 405. 8 295 2i3. 3 20fi 190. 7 7 2,088 359. 0 247, 000 100.0% 35 580 234. 4 327,000 100. 0%

--

753. R5 261. 5 ! , 861, 000 100.0% 335 233. 6 257, 000 100.0% 891. 9 454 108, 000 100. 0% 1,031 13 955. I 12. 0 44 43 333, 000 98. 9% 100.0% 2, 794 2, SnO 858. 8 22 22 13 13 fl.fl 3. 9 50 52 15. 6 2. 093 lii-1. (i r) g 2. U 12 58 I fi

~. 0

18. 7 338 344 103. 3 l, 494 5fi3 314 l , 52i 458. 5 578 173. 6 97. 3 I , ! Sf>

182. 2

59ti 1\l2. I 7;1 2 324 310,000 100.0% 2:n �B ir ming h a m , Ala ______ ___ __ _____ 671, 000 (Includes J efferson County.) Area actu a ll y repor t ing _______ _____ ___ ____ __ . 100.0% R ate p er 100,000 inhabita n ts ____ ____ __ ___________ _______ _

Boston-Lowell-La w re n ce, Mass, __ ___ __ ____ _______ __________

3,217, 000 (Inclu des Essex, M iddlesex , N o rfol k anrl Su!Tolk Counties.) Area actu ally repor t ing_____ ____ ________________ ___ ____ 97. 3% E stimated totaL __ _____ ____ ___ ___ _____________ ____ _____ 100. 0% R a te per 100,000 in h abitants ________________ ____________ __

Bridge port-S ta mford - N orwa lk , Con n ________________________

734, 000 (Includes Fai rfield C ounty.) A rea a ct u all y r epor t ing___ __________________________ ___ _ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabi tan ts ________ ______ _____ _____ _____ _

Brock ton , Mass________ __ ______ ___ _____ _____________ ________

277, 000 (Incl udes P l ymou t h Cou nty.) A rea actu ally repor ting________________ _______ __ ________ 93. 0% Estim a ted total _------ ---- - - - - - - - --- -- - ---- -- - - ------- 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants __ ______ ____ __ _______________ _

Brown s ville -H arlingen-Sa n B enito, T ex ____ _____ __ ___ _______

160, 000 (Inclu des Cam eron Coun t ~•.) A rca actu all y repor t ing _____ _______ ___________________ __ 100. 0% Rate p e r 100,000 i nh abitants ______ ___ ___________________ __

Buffalo , N .Y_ ___ ____ _______ ____ ______ _____ __ ________ ________

1, 459, 000 (Inclu d es E ric a n d N iagara Cou nties.) Area actu all y rep orting _____ _________ __ ___ ____ _____ ____ _ 99. 7% Estimated total__ __ ___ ____ ________ _____ __ __________ _____ 100. 0% Rate p er 100,000 i n h abitants ____ __ ___ ____________ ____ ___ _ Ca nton, Ohio _____ - --- - --- - - - --- - - -- - - ------------ -- - ------- 355, 000 (I ncl udes Stark Coun ty.) Arca actu all y repor ting______ _____ ___ ________ ___________ 100. 0% Rate p e r 100,000 inhabit a nts ____ ____ ______________ ______ _ _______ ___ _ 143, 000 Ce d ar Ra p ids, Iow a __ - - -- - - - - - - - - --- - -- - -- - ----- - -- - --- -- - __ ( Includes L i n n County. ) Arca actually repor t ing ____ ___ ____ ______ ________________ 100. 0% Rate p er 100,000 inhabita nts ______ ___ __ ___ ________ __ __ __ -Ch a mpa ig n - Urbana, IlJ __ ___ ______ ________ ____ _____ _____ ____ 145, 000 ( I ncludes Champaign Cou nty.) 100. 0% A rea act u nll y reportin g ___ __ _______ ______ __ _______ ._ ___ _ Rate p e r 100,000 inhabitan ts ______ ____ __________ __ ____ __ C h arleston, s .c ___________ __ _____ ____ ____________ __ _________ 297,000 ( I ncludes Charleston and B erkele y Coun ties.) Arca actu all y reporting_____ ______ __ _________ ______ _____ 100. 0% Rate p e r 100,000 in h a b i tants __ __________ __ ___ _________ _____ __ ________ _ Charlotte, N.C._______________ ___ ___ ______ ____ ___ ____ _____ ___ 366, 000 (Includes Meck lenburg and Union Coun ties. ) Area actua lly repor t ing _____ ____ __ ____ ____ ___________ ___ 100. 0% Rate p er 100,000 inh a bitan ts ______________ __________ ___ _ ___ ______ ____ _ 11 . 659 ,g I , 737. 1 13. 3 53, 637 54. 998 I, 709.·4 3 12. 4 3 7 57. 7 l , 171 174. 5 4, 9S•I 742. fi 3, 531 526. l I, 4 14 210. 7 2. 8 so 157 162 5. 0 l ,f,68 I, 704 53. 0 1,695 I , 740 54. l 17, f,32 18, 127 563. 4 10, 655 10,942 340. 1 21, 743 22,234 691. I 9. 825 1,338.2 18 2. 5 33 4. 5 175 23. 8 323 44. 0 4, 562 621. 4 2,745 373. 9 1. 969 268. 2 4,324 1,689.7 6 7 2.5 22 23 8.3 73 83 29. 9 212 224 80.8 2, 177 2,307 832. 4 1, 188 1. 264 456. 1 64fi 775 279. 6 l ,6fi3 I , 037. 7 2 1. 2 10 11. 9 24 15. 0 178 Ill. 1 832 519. 2 429 267. 7 17fl 111.7 lfi, 998 l i, 082 1, 170.8 33 33 2.3 103 10-1 7. I 571 575 39. 4 957 964 66.1 6, 974 6,999 479. 7 4,720 4, 752 325. 7 3, G40 3, 655 250. ,5 3,677 1,036. 3 10 2.8 27 7. 6 133 37. 5 129 36. 4 1, 616 45:i. 4 1, 193 336. 2 5fi9 160. 4 991 691. 7 1 .7 2 I. 4 17 11. 9 25 17. 4 389 271. 5 341 238. 0 2lfi 150. 8 I, 140 784. 7 7 4. 8 7 4. 8 38 20. 2 79 54. 4 483 332. 5 335 230. fi 191 131. .1 5, 072 1, 710.2 31 10. 5 61 20. 0 167 56. 3 415 139. 9 2,214 746. 5 I , 424 480. 2 700 256. 3 fi, 947 1,898.9 58 44 12.0 296 15. 9 so. 0 910 24 . 7 3,225 SSL 5 I, 712 468. 0 702 191. 9 4,683 7 �r Table 4 .- lndex of Crime, 1965, Stan dard Jlfetropolit;a.n Sta tistical Areas- Continued Standar d metropolitan statistical area Population 320, 000 Chattanooga , Tenn.-Ga __ __ . . . .... .. -· .. _..... _· - · -· _.... __.. (Includes llamilton County, T ena. ; a nd Walker County, Ga.) Area actually reponiug ___ ··- -·--··-·-·-·· - ··-···-·---·84. 3% Estimated total. - -·-·. __ . ..... _.·-·-_ . . . . . .... _..... _._ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabita nts--- ··-··· -·····----··-······ · ·-·· -·- ····-Chicago, Ill-·- -·-·-- .. _. .. .. _... . . _. .. ___ ... _._ ... _... . _. __ ._ 6, 641. 000 (Includes Cook, Du P age, Kane, Lake, McHenry a nd Will Counties .) 07. 1% Area actua lly reporting ___ · --·--··- · - -· · · · ··· -·····-· ·- _ I00.0% E s timated total. - ··· ······---·-············----· __-·-·_ Ra te per 100,000 inha bitants. · -·····--- -· · · · ··--··-··--- · -·-··-·· --· Cincinnati, Ohio·Ky ..fodiana _. .. -· -·· · -· -· -· -··········- -· _ !, 349,000 (Includes II.ami lton, C lermont and \\'arren Counties, Ohio; and Campbell, Kenton a nd Boone Coun ties, Ky.; a nd Dearborn County, Incl. ) Oi.1 % Area actually reporting ..... . · · · ··-···-· ···-··· .. -· __ -·_ 100.0% Estim ated totaL -· .. -·-· -· -· · --··· . . ···-···-··-- · -·-··· !{ate per 100,000 inhabitan ts---- ·-- · · · ·······-·--····-··. 2, 022.000 Cleveland, Ohio....... __ --· · · ··--·- ··· · - · ··-·· .. -·--···(Includes C uyahoga, Lake, Geauga a nd :Medina Counties .) Area actua lly reporting __. . . . . ... . . . ..... -·-···-·-· -· __. Oi . 0% E stimated tota l. ---··-····· ····· ·- ···--·---·--- · · · . __ 100.0% Rate p er 100,0tlO inha bitants. . ··-·-··--···--- ···- · -·-· --·-·-- -·173, 000 Colorado Springs, Colo. · · · ··· · ·· · -·· · · ·- -··-·-·-······· - -(.!ncludcs El Paso Coun t )·.) Arca act ually repor1 ing __. _.... . .. .... _. .... ·- -.. __. ... . JOO. 0% Rate per 100,000 inlrn bita ntS-·-···--···---·--·· -···· · -· · .. 249, 000 Columbus, Ga. -Ala .. --·---- ... --------· -- --- -·- ··· .... (Includes C hatta hoochee and :\l 11scogec Counties, Ga .; a nd Russell County, A la .) Area acwaJ ly reporting ~6. :io/c Estimated total _ _ 100. oc; Ha te per JOO.ODO inha ilitants-. Columbus , Ohio _ . . _ 832, 000 ( I ncludl's Fra nkl in, !Jl'la warc• a nd l'icka w:1,v l '011n1 iC's.) \rrn :1<'1unll ,1 l'('jl()l'IIIII! 100. oc: H·l11· P"' 1011.0flO i11h·,l,i1 ·lJJI' 'J'otal offenses M u rder and non· negligent manslaughter Forcible rape Robber y Aggrarnted assault Burglary Auto theft Larceny $50 and over 1, 2i2 1,337 418. 3 38 42 13. l 34 42 13. I 104 1l 6 36. 3 198 228 71. 3 2, 143 2,411 754. 3 I , 402 I , 435 15, 800 16,224 244. 3 12. 245 12,514 41, 2i6 42,386 2,048.9 445 455 G. 0 I .4 63 . 3 [ 2,056 12, 763 9-16. 3 54 57 193 108 463 14. 7 886 010 68. I 5, 430 5. 715 423. i 3'. soo 4. 2 23, 474 113 176 2. 008 2, i 93 115 5. i I 'I 2,043 IOl. 0 I. 620 I, 6:i6 ' I.O 10, i 08 24,062 II, 055 2, 025 5,066 6,087 546. f, 144. 6 301. 0 4, 1123 5,007 I, 566. 6 132, 8 9 136,060 I. 189. 8 21. 6 .9 497 36. 8 2,28 1 5 20 46 1, :3 I7. I 2. 9 11. 5 26.1)

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�Corpus Christi, Tex __ -- -· ---------- -- _- ____ ----· _____ ___ __. . 272, 000 (Includes Nueces and San P atricio Cou nties.) Arca actuall y reporting .. · - -- · · ·· · - · · · · ·· · -· · · - · · ·-····· 97. 2% E stimated totaL .-·· ·-··· · · ·· · ·· · · · · ·-····-- ··· · · · ····100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitan ts. .... · - · - · ····· · · ·-·- · ·--·-· .. .. ......... . Dallas, Tex.·-·-·· · · · · ······--· ·· · ···· · · · -· · · · -· · · ··-- --- · ·· 1,298, 000 (Includes Collin, Dal las, Denton and E llis Count ies .) Arca actuall y reporting_ · ···· · ·· · · ·-- ··· -··---· -·· · ··-·· 95. 0% E stimated totaL .···- · ·· -· · ··· · -·· · · - · ··-- · - · -· ----·-·100. 0% R ate per 100, 000 inhabitants-·· · · · ·· -· -· ·---- -···· · -·· · · ------·· ··· ··· Davenport·Rock I sland·Moline, Io wa•III ____ .. .. . . . . . . .... . .. 329, 000 (Includes Scott Coun ty , I owa ; and Rock Island and Henry Coun t ies, Illinois. ) Area actuall y repor ting ... . ... . . ... ____ -·····- · ··- ···-·· 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inha bita nts---- · - · ·· ····--·· ··-·-·-·- ·- · ·· -······ ···· Dayto n, Ohio ___ - · ·· · ··-·· ·- · · · -·- · -- -· ··· · · ·-·- · - -- -- --···791, 000 (Includes Greene, Miami, Montgomer y and Preble Counties. ) 98. 4% Area actu all y repor ting .. . ·-···- · ···· · · -···-·---- -·--- · Estimated totaL. .... -. -·-· · · ·· ·· ··-· -- -· -· -· ··-· -·- . ... 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabi ta nts . . . . ·-·· ··· · · · · ···· · · ····· · · . ... ......... . Decatur, III.- . --· · · - .· ·-· . . . . · · · · · · -· ... . .. -·- · -· -·-· .. ··- · . 125, 000 (Includes M acon County .) 100.0% Area actually report ing_·-···· · -···· · ··· · · · ··--··-·-· --R ate per 100,000 inhabi ta nts· · · ·· ·· ·· ····- - -·-·· · ··- · ···· ··· ·-·- · ····· De n ver , Colo . . ... -··--·-·-·· · · · -···- · -· · · - .... .. . ··-·-_-··__ 1, 078, 000 (Includes Adams, Ara pahoe, Boulder, Denver and Jetferson Coun ties. ) 100.0% Area actually repor ting _·-···-·--· · ··-···-·-·-···· · · ··· · R a te per 100,000 inhabitants·- ···-·-· -· -·- · · · -· ·· · · ····- ···-·-········ Des Moines, I owa __ · ·- · · · -···- · -· -·-·-·-· -· -- -·- · · · -· -· ··· · · 268,000 (I ncludes Polk County.) Area actually repor ting··· · ·· · · -·- · ··-··· ---·- · ··---·--100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants·-· · · ··· ··· -·· · · · · · · · · · ··· · · ···· ··· -·---·Detroit, Mich __ ····· · · · · ·· · · · · -·-·-·-·· --· ·· ·· · · ··· · · · · · · · ··· 3, 952, 000 (Includes Macomb, Oakland and Wayne Counties.) Area act uall y repor ting··· ·-· ··· · ···· ··-· --··-··· -···- ·09. 0% , Estimated total. _. . . .. ·· · · - . -· .... . . __-· ___ . __ .. . . .. ··100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants· · · ····-·-·-·- · · · ···· ---·--- ····· ·· -······ Duluth.Superior, Minn .• Wis . · ····-·- · ····· ----------· · ··-·· 277, 000 (I ncludes St. Louis County, M inn.; and Douglas County, Wis. ) 99. 0% Area actually reporting_···-· · · ·· · ··· ···--·----·--····-· ~~ti;ipa:re?~~gg5.inh-abttaiits~ ~ Durha m , N .C·-····- - ···--· ····· -·-··· · · ·· ···· ·-·-·-·-·····123, 000 (Incl udes D urham Coun ty.) 100. 0% Area actu all y reporting.·-· --- · ··· ·· · · ·· ··········-·· · · · R ate per 100,000 inhabitants·-·-·-- · -······ · · ···· · · · ·· -· -·-----···-··· El P aso , Tex _· ---···-· · ··············· -· · ·-· ··· · ··- · ·· ··· -·362, 000 (Includes El Paso County. ) · Area actuall y reporting... · - -··-····· -·· · ---··- · -···· ·· 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants·-·------·-··--··· ·- ···-·--· ·-- ·- ----·-·-- =143.215.248.55:: ::::::::::::~:::::::: _..... ~: ~. -;i c.,-. 5,455 5, 505 2, 054.6 19 20 7.3 28 29 10. f, 129 134 49. 2 500 611 224. 4 2, 259 2,327 851. 5 1, 887 1, 9 10 704. 7 534 555 203.8 22, 338 22,018 130 134 10. 3 170 180 13. 9 678 691 53. 2 1, 748 1, 812 139. 6 10, 54 1 10, 789 83 1. 0 4, 622 4,821 371. 3 4,449 4, 491 345. 9 9 2. 7 25 7. 6 123 37. 3 149 45. 2 l, 770 537. 3 l , 591 482. 0 790 239. 8 39 40 5. 1 86 87 11. 0 426 437 55. 2 535 546 69.0 4,542 4,621 583. 8 2, 054 2, 095 264. 7 1,677 I , 71 4 216. 6 1,274.7 3 2. 4 8 6. 4 62 40. 6 28 22. 4 835 668. 2 452 361. 7 205 164. 0 20, 564 1,906.8 44 4. 1 205 10.0 909 84. 3 953 88.4 8,817 817. 6 5, 906 547. 6 3, 730 345. 9 3,523 I , 312. 4 7 2.6 18 6. 7 100 37. 3 37 13. 8 l , 488 554. 3 l , 333 496. 6 540 20 1. 2 86, 085 86, 029 2, 100.5 243 245 6. 2 1, 052 1,061 26. 8 6,090 7, 051 178. 4 5, 889 5, 954 150. 6 32, 895 33, 214 840. 4 10, 866 20, 080 508.1 19, 150 19,324 488. 9 2, •130 2, 482 896. 2 2 2 .7 5 5 1. 8 47 49 17. 7 67 69 24. 9 1,106 1, 220 4'10.5 685 699 252. 4 428 438 158. 2 I, 588 l , 288. 8 15 12. 2 13 10. 6 23 18. 7 380 308. 4 589 478. 0 362 293. 8 206 167. 2 5, 502 1, 52 1.4 9 2. 5 34 9. 4 167 46. 2 402 111. 2 3, 0.13 84 1. 5 864 238. 0 983 271. 8 I, 765. l 4, 457 I , 352. 9 0, 359 9,540 I , 205. 3 I , 503 �r Tabl e 4 .-[ndex of Crime, 1965 , Standard Jlfetropolitan S tutis tical Areas - Continued Standard metropolitan statist ical area Population Total offenses Murder and non. negligent Forcible rnpe Robbery man- Aggra. vated assaul t Burglary Larceny $50 and o\·er Auto theft slaughter 253, 000 Erie, P a ._ ·-· --- --··----·- ·--·.· --· - ·-- · .·--··--·.·---· . .... (Incl udes Erie Count y.) Area actuall y reporting··- -· · · ---· ··--·· ·· ····· -· · · ·· · · l 00. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants-· ··· · --· · · ·· · · ··-····-· · ··· --- · ·········· Eugene, Oreg·-· · -··-····· · -···-··· -·· ·· ·- ---- ---·· -· · -· ---· 189, 000 (Includes Lane Coun ty.) Area actu a!J y reporting .. · -· --·--···· -· -· - ·-···· ··· · ···· 100. 0% R ate per L00,000 inhabi ta nts . ... . .. . ........... . . . . .. . .... ... . . .. .. .. . Evansvill e, Ind.·Ky. .... . ...... .. .. . ... . . . ............ . . . ... 227,000 (Includes Vanderburgh and Warll'i ck Counti es , I ndi ana; and H enderson County, Kentucky.) Area actu all y reporting..... . ....... . .. . . . ... . ...... .. . . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inh abitauts . . . ..... . ....... .. . .. ... . . ............. . . . Fall Ri ver·New Bedford, Mass. ... . . ......... . ..... . . . ... .. 415, 000 (Includes Bristol County.) 9i. 2% Area actw1.ll y reporting... . ...... .... .. . .....·.... . .. .... Estimated totaL . .. .. . .... . .. .... . ... •... .. .. . ..... . . .. 100. 0% Rate per L00,000 in habi ta nts . . . ... . . .. .. . . . . ..... . ... . ............... . Fargo.Moorhead, N. Dak.·Minn.. . . .. .. . .. . . .. .......... ... 11 4, 000 (Includes Cass Coun ty , N. Da le ; and lay Count y , Minn.) 100. 0% Area actuall y reporting ... ... . ... ............. . . . ...... . Rate per J00,000 inh abitants . ... . . . . .. . . . . . . ... . . .................. . Fayetteville, N.C.. .......... . . ..... .. . . . . . . .. .... . . . . .. . . . . 180. 000 (In cludes Curnberland Coun ty .) Area actu all y reportin g. ..... . . . . ... . ..... . ... ... .. . ... . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inha bitants .... .. . ... ... .. . ... . .. .. . ... ... . ... . ... . Flint, Mich ...... ........ ........ . ..... . . . . .... .. .. . ... . .... 457,000 (Includes Genesee an d Lapeer Counti es.) 100.0% Area actuall y reporting . . . ... .. ........ . ........ . ...... . Rate per J00 ,000 inhabi ta nts ... . ... . ...... . ..... . ...... . 436. 000 Fort Lauderdale·Hollywood, Fla . ........ . .... .. ......•...... (In clu des Broward C'oun ty .) Area actuall y repor ting. ... . . .. ..... .... . .. . . . . . . .. .. . . . 96. 9% Est.im ated tota l. .. ··-········ · · ···· · ·· ·· · ·······--··· 100.0% Rate per 100,000 inhab ita nts...................................... .. Fort Smith, Ark .·Okla . ....... . . ... . . . . . . -. . .. . .. . ... ... ... . 167, 000 (Includ es Se basti an and Craw ford Cou11 tirs, .\rk .; nncl Lenore ;l!ld Scq noyah C'onn t ics, Ok la.) B0.3% A rca actuall y rrporti11,:. .... .................. . .. . ..... . 100. 0% Est imated tota l. . . ..... .. .. . ................•.......... Rate per 100,000 inlrnhilnnt , 612 2,479 979. 3 6 2. 4 13 5. 1 44. 2 83 32. 8 I, 130 446. 4 523 206. 6 24 1. 8 2,244 I , 185. 0 2 I. 1 22 11. 6 35 18. 5 76 40. 1 782 413. 0 l , 024 540. 8 303 lGO. 0 4,084 I, 802. 5 7 3. I 29 12. 8 11 0 48. 6 21l 93. 1 1,942 857. 1 l, 242 548. 2 M3 239. 7 6, 379 fi, 55B 1, 578. 3 IO IO 21 22 5. 3 100 2. 4 105 2.1. 3 312 318 76. 6 3,091 3, 157 760. 0 I. 291 1, 328 319. 7 1, 552 1,61 6 389. 0 11 265 233. 0 391 343. 8 130 11 4. 3 11 2 815 2 716. 5 1. 8 7 6. 2 9 7. 9 9. 7 2,087 1, 159. 5 13 7. 2 2l II . 7 85 47. 2 301. 1 855 475. 0 302 167. R 269 149. 4 IO, 079 2, 20G. :, 18 3. 9 104 22. 8 369 0. 8 1,511 330. 8 3,4 55 756. 3 3, 406 7-15. 6 266. 2 IO, 431 JO, 771 35 36 8. 2 71 73 16. 7 407 97. 4 l, 159 l 189 272. 5 5, 122 5, 282 I. 210. 3 2,586 2,680 (1 14. 1 I, 05l \, 086 248. 9 41 H 28. l 578 G87 10-1. 10U 368 219. !J 215 243 1-1:,. 2 2,468. I I 3JG 1: 559 \1:1 1. n ' 9 27 30

, 4

I i. fl 8 425 542 158 l7,5 r; ' ·11 0. :i 1, 2 16 �Fort Wayne, I nd . . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . ...... 252,000 (Includes Allen County.) Arca neturul y rcportini:... ,.. .... ............. . . . . . ..... IOO. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants . ....... ... . . .... .. ... .... ... . . ... . .. . . .. . Fort Worth, Tex. . ........ . . ........... ....... ..... . ......... 632, 000 (Includes Johnson and 'l'nrrnnt Counties.) 94. 0% Arca actually reporting................ . . . . .... . . ....... E stimated totru. .......... .... .................. . . ... .. 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ....... . ... . . ..... . ... . . . .. ..... . . ... .. . Fresno, Calif........ . . . ..... ........... . . . ... ..... ... . . . .... 405, 000 (Includes F resno Cou nty.) ~;~fi:;fifttt~f~)15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ' 1: :6~ R ate per 100.000 inhabitants............... . . ........... . ............ . Galveston. Texas City, Tex........ . .... . .... . .......... ..... . 156, 000 (Includes Galveston C ounty.) Area actually reporting.................. . . ......... . ... 05. 7% E stimated totru. ...... . . ..... . ..... . ..... .. . .. ......... 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitan ts... . ... ..... ... ... .......... . ............ . 600, 000 Gary•Hammond ·East Chicago, Ind.... . . . . . . . . . . . . ........... (Includes L ake a nd Porter Counties.) 09. 3% Arca actually reporting.. . ..... .. . . . .......... . .. . . . ... . E stimated totaL ......... . . ............ . .... . .......... 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inlrnbita nts....... . . .......... . ........ . . . ... .... ... . Grand Rapids, Mich.. .......................... . . . . . . ....... 491, 000 (Includes K ent nnd Ottawa Counties.) ~;~f~;fitttt~f~~:143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::: ::: -:r -:r Gree143.215.248.55f.c!;.A~:~!~!143.215.248.55'.143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)::::::::: ::::::::::::::::::: (Includes Brown County,) Arca actually repor ting. ..................... ....... .... R nte per J00,000 inhabita nts ........... . . . . ............ . Greensboro.High Point, N .C......... . . . .... . . ..... .... . . .... (Includes Guilford County.) Area acturuly reporting............ . .. .................. R ate per 100,000 inhabitants. .... .... . . ............ . ... . Greenville, S.C...... . . . . ................. ...... . . . ..... ... .. (Includes Green ville and Pickens Counties.) Arca actuall y reporting............. ....... ... . ....... .. E stimated total.. .............................. ......... R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ... ...... ... ................ Harrisburg, P a ................ .... ..... . ... . . .......... . ... . (Includes C umberland, Dauphin and Perry Counties.) Area actually reporting......... . . ..... . ......... ....... Estimated total. ....... . . .. . ... .... . ... . . . . . . ... . . . . . .. Ra te per 100,000 inhabitants ......... . .... . ..... . ... . ... Hartford·New Br itain.Bristol, Conn..... . . . . . . . . ......... . .. (Includes H artford County.) Area actually reporting.. . ..... . .... ..... . . ..... . . . ..... Estima ted total. . ... . .... ........ ...... . ..... . ...... ... R ate per 100,000 inhah itants.... . . . . . . lgg: ~~ ······1a1;iiiiii. IOO. 0% . . . . . ........ . 23 9. 1 13r, .'\4. 0 184 73. 1 1, 2 1n 483. I l ,~r, i\10. 9 4n0 182, 8 10. 4 87 93 14. 7 443 457 72. 3 49r,

\47

Sn. .'\ 4, R05 5, 12fi RIO. R 2, 20fl 2, 352 372.0 I, 727 273. 2 10,230 10,331 2, .,51. 4 19 19 1, 7 43 44 10,9 3 12 3 17 78. 3 302 307 7.1. R 4,337 4,3Rl 1, ORI. 9 3, 411 3,439 R49. 3 1,806 1,824 450. fi 3, 3 11 3, 434 2, 196. R l fi 17 10. 9 41 42 2n.O 109 113 72. 3 74r, 7.'\7 4114. 3 I, 039 l,OUS 702.4 93 1 959 nl3. fi 429 44R 286. 6 12, 072 12, mo 2,028.3 31 31 fi, 2 100 101 JR.R 8 13 8 18 130, 4 992 997 ln6. 3 3,959 3,994 r,r,r,, 2 3,543 3,566 594.8 2, f,34 2,653 442. 5 5,994 fi,08n I, 240. 1 9 9 1. 8 59 23fl 243 49. o 1, 943 2,621 I. 967 12. 4 195 201 41. 0 534. I 400. 8 96 984 200. 5 748 Mfi. 4 I .7 f\ f, 4. 4 4. 4 40 29. 2 285 208, 2 273 199. 4 137 100. 1 3. Rr,4 1,370. 2 20 7. 1 27 9, r, 70 24. R I, 015 359, 9 I, 197 424 . .'\ 1, 010 358. I 525 18n. 2 4,430 4, 542 1,617.8 17 17 f>. l 33 34 12. 1 78 81 28. 9 284 292 10<1. 0 1,74 1 1,788 636, 0 1, .504 I, 530 5'18. 2 773 79 1 281. 8 2,493 3,005 79B. 7 17 19 4. 9 30 36 9. 4 fif, 100 26.0 81 128 33. 3 I, 421 I, 649 428. 6 603 719 186. 9 275 414 107, 6 9,035 9,305 15 15 2, 0 3 30 5. 1 221 220 20, 5 419 429 55. 0 4,708 4, 832 n30. 2 2,285 2, 3R2 30R 0 I, 349 1, 402 182. R 3 3,308 1, 3 14.3 I. 2 9,Ro2 10, 3f,8 I, f>40. 0 r,3 f,fl fi l 2,584 I, fi72 282, 000 100. 0% . .. . . . ....... . 281, 000 98. 4'.z!, 100. 0'10 . . ... ........ . 386,000 87. 9% 100. 0% . ............ . 767,000 97. 2% 100. 0% I, 2 13. fi �-:r 00 Table ,t . -l ndex of Crime, 1965, Standard Jllletropolitan Statistical Areas- Con tinu ecl Standard met ropolitan statistical area P opulation Murder Total offenses and non- negligent I Forcible ra pe Robbery man- slaughter Aggra,·ated assault Burglary Larceny $50 and o\·er Auto theft Honolulu , HawaiL __________________ ________________________ 574, 000 (Jnclucles H onolulu Coun ty.) Area actuall y reporting __ _______________________________ 100.0% Hate per 100,000 inhabitants ___________________________ Houston , Tex __ _____________________________________________ I. 645,000 (Includes ll arris, Brazoria, F ort Bene!, Liberty a nd i\fontgomery Counties.) Area actua ll y reporting ______ . __________________________ Q,J.O% E stima ted tota L __ _______ ___ ______________ ____________ 100.0% Hate per 100.000 inha bitants _______________________ India napolis, I nd ___ , ________________ ____________________ 9S5, 000 (fnclucles Marion , H a milton, ll a ncock, I lend ricks, J ohnson, Morgan and 'helby Counties.) Area actually reporting _______________________________ 97.9% Estimated Lota !__ ____________________ . ____ . _____ . ____ __ 100.0% Hate per I00,000 inlrnbitants _____ _____________ __________ -Jackson , Mich _________________ __ ... 137,000 (l ncludes J ackson County.) Area act ually reporting ____ ._. ______________ . _________ ._ 100.0% Rate per 100,000 inha hiJ.an1 s _ _____ ______ ______________ - · ----------Jacksonville , Fla ___ ___ _. ___ __ ___ _ 494, 000

----------- ---------(lnclucles D uva l Coun ty.)

Area actuall y reporting ___ ____________ . ______________ ... 100. 0% R a te per 100,000 inha bitants ____________________________ -------------Jersey City, N.J__________________ ---- --- -------- ---- -··-602,000 (Includes Iludson County.) Area actual ly reporting __. ______ __ ___________ ___ __ - _- _- . 99. 1% E stim utecl tota l__ _____ __ _____ ___ ________ __ __ __ _____ . ____ 100.0% Ha te per 100,000 inha bitants ___________________________ Johnstown, Pa,. ________ ____ __________ ____ . _________________ -----------278, 000 (lnrludcs Cambria a nd Somerset Counties.) Area artuaJly reporting __ _-- __________ - -- _- _. _- ___ - -- . - . 94. 5% Estimated totaL ______ --- - - _- _- _-__ - - -- . - - - - - - . -- - - - . !00. 0% R ate per 100,000 inba bi wnts----------·----------------Kala mazoo, Mich _______ . ___________ __________ ___ ___________ -------------179, 000 (Jncluclcs Kalamazoo County.) Area actuall y reporting_ .- -- _--------------- ---------- _ JOO. 0% H ate ncr 100,000 inha bita nts-- ------· --- --- ----------·- --Kansas City, Mo.-Kans - ----------I, 247,000 --- ------([nclu<lcs Clar. J ack,on, Ca sa nd PlaLtr ('ou111 ics, t\lo.: mHI Johnson a nd 11·ranrl0Ltc C'ou n1it's, Kuns.) .\ rPn :ict 1rnll _,· rP poni n~ 100. 0% H:ilt· 1wr 100.000 inh:i loi1n11rs 12,522 2, 181. 7 18 3. I 1.0 130 22. 6 2 2 49. l G, 430 I, 120. 3 3, 125 544. 5 2,53 1 441. 0 29, e18 31, 112 1, 800. 8 IGS 176 10. 7 180 194 11. 8 11 fl26 I , 5i l 95. 5 2, 701 2, SH li2. s l4, 796 15, 497 941. 5, 49 6,242 379. 4 4,398 4. 588 278. 17,562 Ii. 981 1, 825. 3 50 51 .) . 2 168 171 17. 4 l, 152 I, I 77 I 19. 5 662 6 5 69. 5 7,696 7,861 798. 0 3, 64-1 3, 75:i 381. 2 4, 190 4,281 434. 6 I, 7i8 I, 293. i I .7 21 15. 3 2fi 18. 9 219 159. 4 839 610. 5 50-l 366. 7 168 122. 2 11 , 97i 2, 425. 1 55 11.1 78 15. 8 840 I70. I 714 1'14.6 6,476 I, 31l. 2 2, 67fi 541.8 I, 138 230. 4 7, 34 I i, 42-1 I, 234. 0 2 2 4. i 26 2fl 230 234 3~. 9 429 434 72. I 2,600 2, fi36 438. 2 82 901 149. 8 3,146 3, l65 526. l 802 1, 058 381. 2 6 5 7 ? - -· J 7 2. 5 16 32 11. 5 29 50 18. 0 465 565 203. 6 170 222 80. 0 l ll 175 63. I 2, fi94 1, fiO:l. 9 2 l.l 19 JO. n 52 29. 0 255 142. 3 I, 277 712. 9 835 461i. l 254 141.8

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9fi 7. 7 (i 4. 3 n ' �Kenosha, Wis ___ ______ ____ ____ _________________ -·· 11 3,000 (Includes Kenosha County.) Arca actuall y reporting_ ______ __ ____ ____ __ ___ ___________ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inha bitan ts-- -- ---- ------·-·-·-·-·- - ·-- - --- - - - -- - -- - Knoxville, Tenn ____ _____. _____ __ _-·- - - - -- - ---------. -- ___ __ _ 398, 000 (Includes Anderson, Blou nt and K nox Coun ties.) 82. 0% Arca act uall y reporting____ ___ _______ ______________ _____ E stimated t otaL. __ _______________ ___ ___ ___ _____ ___ ___ __ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitan ts __ __ ____ ____ _______ ________ _ _. . . . __ ____ __ _ Lak e Charles, La ______ ______ ------- ----- - -- - ----- - -- - -- ---165,000 (Includes Calcasieu Parish. ) Area actuall y reporting______ ____ ___ __ ___ ___________ ____ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants _____ __ __ ______ __ ___ __ ________ ____ ____ ____ Lancaster, Pa ________ __________ -- -- - -- ---- - -- --- -- -- - - - - -- - 288,000 (Includes L ancaster County.) Area actu all y reportin g_ __ ________ ____ __ ___ _________ ____ 96. 2% E stim ated totaL ____ _______ ___ ______ __ _______________ __ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhab itants _______________ ____ ______ ____ ___ ____ __ ___ _ Lansing, Mich _- --- · - - - - -- - -- -- -- - - ----- - - ---- ----- - -- - --- -325,000 (Includes Clinton, E aton a nd Ingham Cou nties.) Area actu all y reporting_ ______ ____ ______ ____ ______ ______ 100. 0% ~:::s~~Ji~·-~~!~-143.215.248.55'.15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ----- . Las -25 i:ooii(Includes Clark C ounty .) Area actuall y reporting___ ___ ________ ____ __ ____ _________ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants----- -- --- --- - ------- - - - ---- __ ___ ___ ______ Lawton, Okla_____ __ ____ ______ __ ___ _____ _____ _____ _________ _ 111, 000 (Includes Com anche County.) Area act uall y reporting____ ___ _______ _____ __ ___ ___ __ ____ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhab itants ________ ______ _______ ____ ___ - -- - - -- - -- - -- Lexington , Ky__ ________ ______ ______ ____ ___________________ __ 154, 000 (I ncludes F ayette County. ) 100. 0% Area actually report ing_________ ___ _______ ________ __ __ __ R ate per 100,000 inhabitantS- - --- - · - · - ·- - --- ---- - - - --·-· -- ·-·- - --- - -- Lincoln, Ne br ___ ___--- -- ---- --- -- - · ___ ____________ -- - -· - · _.. 168, 000 (In cludes L ancaster Coun ty.) 100. 0% Arca actuall y re porting_____ ______ __ ___ _______________ __ R ate per 100,000 inha bitan ts- -- - -- · - -- - -· -·- - --- - -- - -- -- --- - -- - ---- - - Little Rock-North Little Rock, Ark__ ______ ____ _______ _____ ___ 293,000 (Includes Pulask i County .) 100. 0% Arca actual ly reporti ng_. _______ _____ ___ _____ ___ ___ _____ R ate per 100,000 inhabi tantS- - ---- · · - -- --- ---- - --- - - --- · ____ ________ __ Lorain-Elyria, Ohio _- ---- - -- ---- ---- - -- - -- - - -- - - - -- --·- · · · - · 245, 000 (Includes L orain Coun ty.) 9 . 5% Area actuall y reportin g___ ________ __ ______ ____ ___ ___ ____ E sti mated totaL ______ ______ ___ _______ ____ ____ ____ ____ _ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inha bitants.. --- --· - - --- · ---- · ·- · -- - · - ·- --- - - --- -- ---Los Angeles-Long Beach, Calif_ ___ _______ ____ __ _______ _____ _ 6, 820,000 (Includes Los Angeles County.) Area actuall y reporting_____________ ________ ____________ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants _________ ___ __ ____ _____ _____ _____ ___ _____ _ 22 19. 5 577 511. 0 34 1 302. 0 276 244, 4 80 01 22. 9 387 442 Ill . 0 1, 824 2, 125 533. 7 612 704 176. 8 512 6-1 5 154. 5 fl. 0 32 19. 3 157 94. 0 664 401. 4 548 331. 2 127 76. 8 13 14 4. 9 ·18 26 9.0 61 72 25. 0 658 711 246. 6 252 280 97. 1 163 197 68.3 I, 240 I, 098. 2 2 1. 8 4 3. .5 3,478 4,059 I, 0 10.;; 26 29 7. 3 37 53 13. 3 I, 543 932. 7 5 3. 0 10 I, 16fi 1, 300 450. 9

-------- ---- ----- --- -----

18 · 15. 9 5, 003 I, 8 15. 5 12 3. 7 87 26. 8 85 26. 1 259 79. 7 2,529 777. 8 2, 11 5 650. 5 8lfi 251. 0 5, 852 2, 332. 3 20 8. 0 28 I I. 2 255 IOI. 6 238 04. 0 2,091 833.4 2,236 801. 2 984 392. 2 I, 455 I, 306. I 10 9. 0 13 II. 7 36 32. 3 195 175. 0 555 498. 2 490 439. 9 156 140. 0 3,925 2, 549. 3 12 7.8 12 7. 8 133 8fl. 4 186 120.8 1, 591 1,033. 4 1,451 942. 4 540 350. 7 I, 764 I, 047. 3 3 1. 8 !fl 9..'; 13 7. 7 99 58.8 639 379. 4 763 453. 0 23 1 137. 1 5, 621 1, 921. I 27 0. 2 62 21.2 247 84. 4 622 212. 6 1, 907 651. 8 2,03 1 694.1 725 247. 8 2,190 2,239 912. 5 II II 4. 5 26 26 IO. 6 81 84 34. 2 125 128 52. 2 924 946 385. 5 448 459 187. 1 575 585 238. 4 243,229 3,566.6 417 6. 1 2, 241 32. 9 12, 899 189. 1 15, 662 229. 7 106, 686 1, 564. 4 62, 540 917. 0 42, 784 627. 4 �00 0 Table 4 . -lndex of Crime , 1965, Standa rd ft'Ietropolitan Statistical Areas- Continued Standard met ropolitan sta tistical area P opula t ion 'T'otal offenses M urder and nonnegligent man- Forcible ra pe R obbery slaughter Louisville , Ky.-Ind .. __ ___________ ______ _____________________ 816, 000 (Includes J efferson Coun t y, K y .; and Clark and F loyd Cou nt ies, Incl .) Area actually reporting ____________________________ ____ _ 96. 9% Estimated total . ________ __ ____ _________________________ 100. 0% H ate per 100,000 inhabitants __ ______ _______ ___ __ __ ___ ___ Lubbock , Tex __ ____ _____ ______________ __________ __________ __ 182, 000 (Includes Lubbock C ounty.) Area act uall y reporting _____ __________ ____ ___ __ ___ ______ 83. 9% Eslimatocl total ___ ______ ______ __ _____ ___ __ ________ _____ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabita nts ______ __ ___________________

Lynchburg, Va ___ ___ _____ ____ ______ _________________________ --------123; 000 (lnclucles L ynchburg City a ncl Amherst nncl Ca m p bell Counties.) Area actuall y report ing ______________ ____ _______________ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inbabitanls __________ _____ _______ ______ Macon , Ga ______ __________________________ ____ ___________ ___ -------------195, 000 (I ncludes B ibb a nd Houston C oun t ies.) Area actualJ y repor ting ___ _______ _____ ____ ________ ______ 89.4% Estimated total __ ______ __ ____________ _____ ____ -- - -- - - - 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabita nts __ ___ _________ _____ ___ _____ _ - -- - --Mad ison , Wis ____ ___ __ ___ _____ ______________ __________ ______ ----- - 258, 000 (I ncludes D one Count y.) .\ rca actuall y repor t ing ___ __________ _____ _____________ __ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 in habit an ts _______ ___ ___ _________ ____ __ Manchester, N .H____________________________________________ 204, 000 (Includes Hill s boro Cou nty .) Area act ually reporting ___ _________ _______ _- - -- - _- - -- - __ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inha bi tan ts ___ _________________________ Memphis , Tenn .- Ark ____________________________ ___________ -------------802, 000 (Includes Shelby Coun ty, T en o .; and C rittenden C'onnty, Ar k.) 95. 9% 1i~f~1~t~cm ·t~f~~r~~1'.~: :::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 100.0% Ra te per 100,000 inha hita nl s ____________________________

··-----Miami, Fla I, 111, 000 (lnr·lucles riade C'oun-t y .) .-\rea :H·t11all~ reporting l{a l C' J1Pr 11 111.111111 i111lalii1a111s Jllll_ O, Aggrarntcd assault Larcen y $50 and Burglar y Aut o theft over 17. 167 17, 755 2, 175.5 65 67 8. 2 77 80 9. 8 783 S13 99. 6 682 708 86. 6, 303 6, 530 800. 1 6, 350 6,5'10 801. 3 2, 907 3, 017 369_7 3, 21 3,534 1,943. 8 8 10 5. 5 28 33 18. 2 53 60 33. 0 236 271 149. 1 1, 493 1,628 895. 4 1, 124 1, 233 67 . 2 276 299 164. 5 1, 1!9 90i. 6 6 4. 9 16 13. 0 20 16. 2 li2 139. 5 648 525. 6 152 123. 3 105 5. 2 3,065 3, 357 1, 718. 4 24 26 13. 3 30 33 16. 9 98 105 53. 7 298 317 162. 3 1, 475 1, GOO 819. 0 768 860 440.2 372 416 212. 9 11 2, 1iG 844. 9 l. G 4. 3 10 7. 4 35 13. 6 861 334. 3 891 345. 9 355 137. 8 1,210 592. 2 6 2. 9 6 2. 9 17 8. 3 33 16. 1 575 281.4 372 182. l 201 98. 4 14, 058 H,:l(i4 ' · i90. 2 47 50 6. 2 120 131 16. 3 383 399 49. 7 i OO 755 94. l i , l i6 7, 2-18 903. :i 3, 058 4,062 50G. 3 1, il 9 214. 2 ,, 1]9 I , ~2•1 lfi•l. '.! 1:l, i ll\ II 1; 10, 12\l '2\A. ,·, 4

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~ �1, 355, 000 Mil wa ukee, Wis . .. ... . . ............................•...... (In cludes M il waukee, Wa ukes ha and Ozau kee Counties .) 97. 2% Area actually reporting . .................. . ..... ........ E stimated Lo Lal. . .. .... .. .... . ..... . ... .. ... ... ........ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 in habitants .. . ... . ......... ..... ....... .. .. ... ..... . Minneapolis·St. P aul, Minn . . .. ...... ... . ... ............ . ... 1,604, 000 (Includes Anoka , D akota , Hennepin, R amsey a ncl Wash· ington Counties.) 99. 8% Area actu all y reporting.. . .. . .. . ..... .... ... ..... .. ..... Estimated total. .. ... . .. . . ... ... . . . ............. . . . .... 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabita nts ......................... . .. .... .. . .. . . . . . 410,000 · Mobile , Ala ... .. . .... . . ........ . .. ... ....... ........ . ...... . (Includes Mobile and Baldw in C ounties.) 88. 5% Area actu all y reporting. ... . ... . ... .... .. . . ... . ......... Estimated total.... . ... . ..... ...... .... ... . ....... .. .. . . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ... . .. .... .................. .. -- ·· ····· · · Monroe, La ________ ______________ ___ ____ ____ ____ ___ __ _____ __ _ (I ncludes Ouachi ta Parish.) Area act u all y reporLin g....... ... .. .. .............. . ... . Rate per I 00,000 inhabitants . .. . . ........ ... .. .. . ... ... . Muncie , Ind . ... . .... . ...... . ... .. ........... .. . .. ......... . (I ncludes Delaware Count y.) · Area act uall y reporting.. . .... . ... .. •.......... . . . ... .. . R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ....... ...... . ..... .. .. ... .. Muskegon.Muskegon Heights, Mich ... . . ... . .... . .......... . (Includes M us kegon C ou nty.) Ar ea ocLUall y reporting . .... ..... . ............•..... ... . Estim ated toLal.. ... . . ..... . ... . .......... ............. . Rote per 100,000 inh abiLants . . .......... .... . ........... Nashville, Tenn . ... . . . .... .... .. ....... ...... ........... . .. . (Includes Davidson, Sumner and Wilson C'ounties.) ..\. rea act ua ll y reporting .... . ... ................... ... _.. Estimated total.. ... . . . .. .... ...... ... .......... ..... ... R ate per 100,000 inhabitants . .. ... ... ... ... ...... ....... Newark, N .J. . .. .... .. . ....... . . ..... . ..... ... . ...... . .. . . . . (Includes E ssex, Morris and Union Counties .) Area actuall y reporting .. . . . . . . ... . . . ..... . . . . ... .. . . . . E stimated total .... . ........ ... ..... . . . . . . ....... . . . .. . R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ..... . .. . . . . ... . . ... . . .. . . . . New Haven-Waterbury, Conn ______________ ______ _____ ______ I3, 4f,3 13, 684 1,0 10.2 30 31 2. 3 48 51 3. 8 248 250 18. 5 52 1 527 38. 9 3, 724 3, 835 283. I .';, 118 5, 189 383. 1 3, 774 3,801 280. Ii 3 1,352 3 1, 122 I , 958. ,5 33 33 2. 1 144 144 9. 0 I, 352 I, 355 84. 5 I, 148 ] , 151 7 1. 7 14, 322 14, 354 894. 7 8, 49 1 8, 510 530. 4 ,i, Sfl2 5, 87a 3fi6. 2 r,, 534 fi, 833 I, fif, . 4 33 39 9. 5 ,57 63 15. 4 168 177 43. 2 ,527 565 138.0 3, 67fi 3,834 936. I I , 398 l , 4fl4 357 . ., fi7.5 RO I HlR 7 8Rfi 7fi7. 4 fi 5 4. 4 16 /\. 3 14 . 2 241 213. r, 332 294. 2 l :,4 l 3fl. ;; 11 2 99.3 11 9. 4 35 30. 0 38 32. 6 908 778. 0 3or, 262. 2 450 385 . .'; 23 24 15. 3 80 85 .54. l 267 272 173. l I, 139 f,84

a~

l , 162 739 . .'i 699 444 . 9 28'1 182. 0 58 68 13. 0 283 290 55. 3 863 897 170. 9 4,053 4,242 808. 4 l , 837 I , 895 361. I l , 784 I , 849 352. 3 113, 000 100. 0% __ 11 7,000 100. 0% ...... . ...... . I, 754 6 l, 502. 8 ,'i. l 2, 47 1 2, 533 I, fil2. l .'i 5 3. 2 8,033 0, 208 I, 77 1. 8 57 IO. 9 3fi, 342 36,387 I, 904 . 9 4. R 24 1 241 13. 2 l , 903 l , 995 l09. 4 2, 705 2, 708 153. 4 15,891 15, 911 872. 3 7,945 7. 955 43fl. l 7,394 7. 404 405. 9 R r, .8 29 4. 0 72 74 10. 2 277 282 39.0 3,594 3,650 505. 6 2,669 2,709 374. 3 2, 053 2, 0 I 2 7. 5 2 2 .9 10 11 5. 1 33 39 18. 0 53 r,5 30. I 962 I, 11 8 517. 4 563 659 305. 0 zr,5 332 153. 6 157, 000 98. 2% 100. 0% . 525, 000 9 1. 3% JOO. 0% ..... . .. . . . .. .

\5

1, 824, 000 99.8% 100.0% . 83 83 724, 000 (Includes New H aven County .) 98. 5% Area actuall y reporting.... . .... . . . . ... ........... . . . . .. Estimated Lota!. ... . .... . . . ...... ... .... . . . . .... . . . . . . . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants.... . ... . ...... . . ..... .. . .. . . ... .. . .. . ... . New London·Groton·Norwich , Conn...................... . .. 216, 000 (Includes New London County .) 87. 7% Area actuall y reporting .. . . ........ . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . Estimated total. .. .......... . .... ..... . . . ... . . . .. .. . . . . 100.0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants . . . . . . . . . . . . •.. . • . . • . 8,700 8,840 1, 22 1. 5 l, 2, 22fi l , 030. 1 29 �l Table 4,. - fnde x of Cr ime, 1965, S tandard Nletropo li tan Statistica l Areas- Con tinuecl 00 Lv Standard metropolitan sta tistical area New Orleans, La .. . . . . . ... . .. ...... . . . . ... .. .. .. .. ........ . Popul ation 11 , 484, 000 (!nclucles Bronx, Kings, Manhattan, Queens, Rich· mood, . assa u, Rock land , Suffolk and ll" estchester Counties.) Area actually reporting ..... . .......................... . lOO. 0%. Hale per J00,000 ioha bitants..... .............................. . NorfoJk . Portsmouth, Va..... . ... . ..... . ...... . .. .. .......... 850, 000 Ogden, Utah. .. . ... . ........... . .. ......................... . 120, 000 (Includes Norfolk, Chesa pea ke, Portsmouth and Vir· ginia Beach Cities and Norfolk and Princess ,\ nne Counties.) 1\ rea actuall y reportin g. . .. ......... . ...... ... .. . . .. . ... 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhab ita nts... . ... . .... ....... . . . . .... .. ... .. . ... . .. . (Jncludes \Veller County.) Area actually reportin g. .. . ........ . . ... . ... . . . .. .. . . . . . 9-1. 2% Estimated total. ... . ... . .. .. .. . ... ...... . .......... . .. . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inh abitants ...... ... . .. . ...... . ... . ... .. .. ... .. .. ... . Oklahoma City, Okl a. .. . ..... . .. ..... . . ... . .. .. . ...... . . .. . 583, 000 (I ncludes Canadi an, Clevelan d and Okbhoma Cou nties.) Area actuall y reporting. . ...................... . ........ 100. 0% Hate per 100,000 inh abitants .................................. .. . . .. . . Omaha, Nebr .. fowa . ..... . ... . . . .......... .... . ............. (111cludes Orange and , em i11 0J,, ('nunLi<'S .) Area actuall y re portin g. ........................ .. ..... . Est imat.r cl to t al. ...... . ... • ... H a t e pt'r 100,000 inh ahi tn nt s Forcible rape Larceny Aggra· vated assault Robbery Burglary $50 and Auto theft OYer l Ii I 19 12.0 199 202 20. 3 I. 187 I, 210 121. i 23 8. G 33 12. 3 2l I. 3 I, 9 I. 6 i02 G. I I, 30 l 11. 3 9, 620 3. 9 Ii, 6i8 154. 2 13. 20-1 2,02Y. 8 42 6. 5 llU IOG 575 88. 4 ~2 1. 7 847. 4 I, 196 J, 300 J. 080. 7 2 2 l. i 86 91 75. 6 4 142 I. 54.1. 5 227, 162 fJ, 8% 1.1198.6 33 ,5. 7 7 8 22 23 6. i 19. I S4 14. 4 8!). 3 520 i, 320 i, 488 753. I .5, 30 l 5,4 15 544. 6 5,099 5, 190 522. 6 33i I , 912 12.'i. 7 i\ 3. 4 1,169 436. 2 450 167. 9 67,006 5 4. 5 9, 4i6 780. 5 4l , 379 36 1. 0 5 51? 3,529 1,998

'142. 5

30i. 2 619 514. 6 2i l 314 261. 0 243 202. 0 -!. 915 ,13_7 294. I 2, 139 3Gi. 2 3. -!7-1 3. li50 i03. \J I. i4G I. 899 306. 2 1'. 88i I , 404 I. 500 150. 9 I, 4-12 49 1 84. 3 ,,so I, il3 519. 000 (fn cludes Douglas an d Sarpy Coun ties, >IPhr .: and Pottawattamie Count)', Iowa .) Area actuall y reportin g... . ....... . ................ . .... 93. 0% E ti mated total. .. .. . . .... .... . ........... . ... .. ...... . 100. 0% Hate per 100,000 inh abita nts........... ....... . ....... . . . . ... .. . .. . .. . Orlando, Fla. . . . . . ...... . .. .. .. . . . . ............ . ... .... .. ... 20, Ci8i 21, 130 2. 125. 2 268,000 (Includes Newport News ancl I !amplo n Cities and York 'ounty.) Area actnall y reporting .. . . . . ....... . ................. . 100.0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ........ . . ............... . . ............ . New York , N.Y . .... .... . . ... ... . . . . . . ............ . ..... . Murder and non- negligent man slaughter 994, 000 (Includes Jefferson, Orleans, St. Bernard and St. Tam· many P arishes. ) Area actuall y reporting..... ... .. ..... . . ... ... . ......... 9i. 9% Estimated total.. . ...................... . ... .. . . . .... . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inh abitants ........ .. .. ... . . . . ... . ......... . . . . . . . .. . Newport News· Ha mpton , Va ... ......... . . . . . ..... . ......... Total offen ses i , 4 IG 19 35 7. 8:i3 I. fi l4. 4 20 3. 9 40 7. 7 fiO-~ 20 fi. GI•\ I. 7-J.i . I

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28\J G 13. I

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7 228 I 04 363. 9 383, 000 8i.:l% 100.0% !)I 192 388 2. Ot1t1 228 -lf i(i 3. 1-14

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l ~I. 7 ~:?! . 0 I, o84 I. UCi9 Al I. :? 02-1 74:1 101. n �Oxnard·Ventura, Calif___ ____ ___. _· ··-· --- ·-300, 000 (Includes Ventura County.) Area actually repor ting ............ . . . .... _. . . . . . .. . . .. . 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants . ... ........ ... . ...... ...... - -- -- ------- -Paterson·Clifton·Passaic, N .J ••••••••• •.•....• ••• • •••.••••••. 1,326,000 (Includes Bergen and Passaic Counties.) 97. 4% tiri:;;~tt;c~Tporting. . ····· ··········· · · ·········· · ·· 100.0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants . ................. ........ .. -------------Pensacola, Fla ... ·-··-·· .......... ·............. ..... . ....... 234, 000 (Includes Escambia and Santa Rosa Counties.) Area actually reporting . .... ................... ......... 100.0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ......... . ... ....... ........ -------------Peoria, Ill..... . . .... ... . . ................. . .... . ... . . . ...•.. 359,000 (I ncludes P eoria , T azewell and Woodford Counties.) 74. 3% ~~iri:;t~J~;t~?143.215.248.55'.143.215.248.55:::: ::: : : : : : :: : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : : 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants . .. -. . . ... . . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . ------ -- ---- -Philadelphia. Pa .•N .J•...• • • • • ••.... • . •• •••• • • •• ••• •••.•••. . 4, 622, 000 (Includes Bucks, Chester, Delaware, Montgomery and Philadelphia Counties, Pa.; and B urlington , Camden and Gloucester Counties, N .J .) Area actually reporting . ...... . . . . ..... .... ...... ....... 04.3% 100. 0% Estimated total...·- -··· ······ ···· ... ....... .... . . . . . ... Rate per 100,000 inhabitants .......•. •..•... •.. ......... -- ------- ----Phoenix, Ariz. •............. . .......... ... ..... . .... •. •.. . . • 845, 000 (Includes M aricopa County.) Area actually reporting_. . . . . . .... . ..... . . .. . ...... . . ... 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ...... ........ . . ......... .. Pittsburgh, Pa . ..... .... . . .. ......... .. .......... . . .. . . · . . .. 2, 341, 000 (Includes Allegheny, Beaver , W ashington and Westmore· l and Counties.) Area actually reporting.... ...................... . . . . .. . 93.3% Estimated total . . . . . ..................... . ......... . . . . 100. 0% Rate per 100.000 inhabitants ...... .... . ...... ....•... ... 147, 000 Pittsfiel d , Mass.·-·········· ···· ······· · · · ······· ········ ··(Includes Berkshire County.) Area actu ally reporting. ....... .... ..................... 100.0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants .... ... . ........ ..•.. . .... . . 189, 000 Portland , Maine .......... ······ ···· · · -·········-····· · · ··· · (Incl udes Cumberland County.) 96. 1% Arca actuall y reporting_··-···· · -·-·· · ··-- · · - - · · - ····-·· 100.0% Estimated totaL . . . · ···-· · ···· · ··· ··· -···· · ·····-··· · . . Rate per 100,000 inhabitants . . . ..... ......... ... ........ 876, 000 Portland , Oreg.-Wash __.... ...... ............ . . .. ····· ···· · (Includes Clackamas, Multnomah and W ashington Counties, Oreg.; and Clark County, Wash.) Area actually reporting_......... ..... . . . .... .... ..... .. 100.0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants . ................. ·-······-· -- ----------00

.:,

\'"f 5,363 I , 785. 8 9 3. 0 91 30. 3 102 34. 0 181 60. 3 2, 6<17 881. 4 I. 685 561. 1 648 215. 8 13,379 13,939 1, 051.1 23 24 l. S 55 4. 4 58 404 428 32. 3 785 821 61. 9 5, 823 6,067 457. 5 3, 669 3, 796 286. 2 2, 620 2, 745 207. 0 4, 503 1,920.6 13 5. 5 34 14. 5 132 56. 3 304 129. 7 2,103 896. 9 I, 111 473. 9 806 343. 8 4,345 5,442 1,515.3 7 10 2. S 30 43 12.0 161 236 65. 7 228 310 86. 3 2,049 2,497 695. 3 995 1,261 351. 1 875 I , 085 302. 1 56,413 59,876 I , 295. 5 243 253 5. 5 704 734 15. 9 3,638 3, 830 82.9 5,588 5, 853 126. 6 23, 096 24, 501 530. 1 10,702 11, 433 247. 4 12, 442 13, 272 287. 2 20, 703 2,449. 9 44 5. 2 181 21. 4 598, 70. 8 1, 136 134. 4 8, 418 996. 2 7, 311 865. 2 3, 015 356. 8 28, 500 30,525 1,303. 7 75 82 3.5 220 241 10.3 1,664 1, 788 76. 4 1,524 1,692 72. 3 10, 508 11,295 482. 4 6,278 6,691 285. 8 8,231 8, 73", 373. 1 916 623. 2 2 I. 4 5 3. 4 8 5. 4 50 34.0 417 297. 3 272 185. 1 142 96. 6 1,816 1,885 995. 4 4 4 2. 1 14 14 7.4 18 19 10.0 71 73 38. 5 871 903 476.8 561 583 307. 9 277 289 152. 6 16,994 I, 941. 0 26 3. 0 118 13. 5 735 84. 0 549 62. 7 7,226 825. 3 5,810 663. 6 2, 530 289. 0 �Table 4 .-lndex of Crime, 1965, Standard 1'1/e tropolitan Statistical Areas- Co ntinued Standard metropolitan statist ical area Popu lat ion Total offenses Murder and oonocgligeo t Forcible rape man- Robbery slaughter Pro vidence-Pawtucket -Warwick, R.L . _.. __ ______ -________ . __ 760, 000 (Includes Bristol, Kent and Providence Counties.) Area actuall y reporting_______________ ______________ ____ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ___ ____ _________ ____ __ ______ ____ _____ ____ _ 11 6, 000 Pro vo- Orem, Utah ______ ___ ... __ . ___ . ____ ___ ___ ____ ____ .__ ___ (Includes Uta h County.) Area actuall y reportin g_______ _____ ____ _____ __ _________ _ 100. 0% Rate per J00,000 inhabitants .. _____ ____ ____________ _______ _____ __ ____ _ 126, 000 Pueblo, Colo__ ____ __________ ______ ____ ____________________ __ (Includes Pueblo County.) Area actuall y reporting__ ____________ _____ ___ ___ ________ 100. 00/o Rate per 100,000 inh abitants _____ ______ ___ ______ _______________ __ __ __ Racine , Wis_________ ____________ ______ ________ __ ____________ 155, 000 (Includes Racine County.) 100. 0% Area actuall y reporting________ ___________ _____ ___ ______ Rate per 100,000 inhabitants _________ ____________ _________ __ _____ ____ _ 191 , 000 Raleigh , N,C ___ -------- ---- ------ __ __ _______ __________ _____ _ (Includes Wake Cotmty.) Area actuall y reporting___ ___________ ______ _____________ 90. U% Estim ated totaL ____ ____ ______________ __________ _______ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inh abitants _____ ___ ____________________ ---- --- ---- --· Reading , Pa____ ________ ____ ___ ___ ____ __ ______ _____________ __ 293, 000 (Includes Berks County.) 07. 7% Area actuall y reporting____ _____ ____ _______ ______ ______ _ Estimated tota L __ ____ ________ ______ ____ ___ _____ __ ____ _ 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 iuhabita n ts ___ _______ ___ ____ ________ ___ ------ ------- 493, 000 Richmond , Va__ ___ _______ ________ ____ ___ __ __ ________ ____ __ __ (Includ es Richmond City and C' hestrrfie ld, H enrico and IIanover Counties.) Area actuall y reporting_ ________________________ __ __ ___ _ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants___ _________________________ ______ ___ ____ _ Ro anoke, Va_____ _________ ____ ______________ ____ ___ __________ 181, 000 (facludes Roanok e City and Roanok e County.) IOO. 0% Area actually reportin"- --- --- --- __ _______ __ _________ ___ R a t e per 100,000 ioh abit>1 nts __ ________ ___ _____ ________________ ______ __ Rochester, N.Y_____ ____ ___ _____ ____ ___ _______ _______ ________ 813. 000 (lucl11cles iVTonroe, Li vingston, Orlean s and \l' a yne Counties.) Arra act.u all)' report ing_____ _____ ___ _____ ___ __ ___ ___ ____ 97. 2% Eslinrnted tntnL _________ _____ ________ ________ _____ _ IOO. 0% Ha ir prr 100.000 inha h il a n ls 11 ,875 ' · 563. l 17 2. 2 3. 8 0 0 587. 2 1 .9 0 1 7. 8 .9 29 166 21. 9 Aggravated assault 422 55. 5 Burglary Auto theft Larceny $50 and o,-er 4,954 652. 1 3,403 •155. 8 2, 824 371. 7 23 343 19. 9 296. 2 209 180. 5 94 8 1. 2 I, 433 I .8 18 I, 135. 7 57 123 14. 3 45. 2 97. 5 572 453. 3 457 362. 2 162. 5 1,847 l , 188. 4 7 4. 5 11 7. I JOO 04. 3 236 15 1. 8 733 47 1. G 485 312. l 275 170. 9 3,02 1 3, 1,13 ' · 049. 8 15 16 1,237 859 326 8. 9 66 70 3G. 7 502 IO 8. 4 525 275. 0 1, 285 8 8 342 170. 5 I, 721 1, 78 1 GOS. 3 9 9 3. l 0 G 2. 0 43 46 15. 7 84 28. 7 o, •198 I. !128. 4 50 10. 2 70 14. 2 303 GI. 5 867 176. 0 2,259 I. 2-18. 8 12 4. 4 76 42. 0 I 18. 3 7. 027 R. :J8:l 1.11:1 I.:, 8 17 6. G 01,1. 5 166. l 003 030 426 255 438 3 17. 6 149. 6 268 91. 5 79 21-1 205 ma 2,206 85 1. 7 466. 2 I, 717 348. G 933 515. 62 1 343. 3 218. ,J 4. 18 19 74 77 21 1 3,999 2. 249 231 4. 1:1 7 2, ·12'.l

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.'lll\11) 211, I 395 987 o; 1 1:1 1 , I �Rockford, llL ______ _ 257,poo (Includes Winnebago a nrt Roonc ('ounLics.) Arca actuall y reporting___ __________ ··-·-··--- - ___ _____ IOO. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ________ · - - --·- ---- - --- - - --- - - · -- · ··---- - Sacramento, Calif_____ .. _-··- --· - -- --------- - -·· - __-- -·- ·-·762, 000 (Includes Sacramento, Placer and Yolo ('aunties.) Arca actually reporting ______ ___ ·-- --- ---- -- - -- -··----- 99. 5% E stimated totaL·-··-- -·-· -- --·- --- ---- --- - --·· - ---- - -100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhnbitants ______ _·-------- --- --· ·----- - -- - - --- -·- - - Saginaw, Mich __ _. ______ ________ -·-··---_______ __ ___ ____ ____ 203, 000 (Includes Saginaw County.) Area a ctually reportini:.---· - -·-- ----·---· - --- - - ____ ___ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhahitants--··········---·-····-··-··· ... .......... . St. Louis, Mo.·Ill. . ... . ........... .. -. . ·-·· ··-·····---······· 2, 267,000 (Includes St. Louis City nnd Jefferson, St. Charles, St. Louis and Franklin Counties, Mo.; noel i\fartison and St. Cla ir Counties, Ill.) 05. 2% Area actually reporting·-·······--· -· .... . .... . . . 100. 0% Estimated total . . . . . ... . . . . . ......... . .. . . ·-··- ········ Rate per 100,000 inhabita nts......... ... . . -············- . 173,000 Salem, Oreg. · ··········-················--··-·· -· · ········· (Includes Marion and Polk Counties.) 100. 0% Area actually reporLinl;;·-··-········· ... -·······-· ..... . R ate per 100,000 inhabitants ...... - . ... .............••.. 521,000 Salt Lake City, Uta h · -·-· --······· · · · · ······· ···· ·· ·········· (Includes Salt Lnke anrl D avis Coun ties.) Area actually reporting_ ........•......... -· -·· ······ · · · 100. 0% Ra te per 100,000 inha hitauts ... . --· ·· · ···-···-·-··--···. ··-···· ··· San Antonio, Tex -····· ···· -······· -········· -·-···· · · · · ···· 806, 000 (Includes Bexar and O uadalupe Counties.) Area actually reporting_· · ··· ·--·-·····-·-······· · ·-·-· 98. 0% Estimated total. · - · ·········-·······---· · ··· --··-······ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ........... - - -·-···· · -·-·- · - ·-··· ······ · · · San Bernardino·Rivers ide·Ontario, Calif_.. ·- · ··· · · ··-·---·· 1, 044, 000 (Includes Riverside and San Bernardino Counties.) Area actually report ing .. .... . . ... ·-····· · · · ·-·-····-··100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants....... .. . · -·-·-···· · -· ····· ··-·-···· ·· · · · Sa n Diego, Calif. . . .. . . ···- -·· · . ... . . . . . . ---·-·-· .. . ... __... 1, 191,000 (Includes San D iego Count y.) 100. 0% Area actually reporting .. .....• -··· ····---·············· Rate per 100,000 inha bi ta nts... . . . · -· ···· · · ··-· -·-·-·-·- . . . San Fra n cisco.Oakland, Calif ____ .......... - _.. . . ..... . . . . . . . 2,989, 000 (Includes Alameda, Cont ra Costa, Mnrin, San Francisco and San M a teo Counties.) Area actually reporting ..... ·--·· · · ···--············· · ·· 97. 7% E stimated total. . · -· · - · · ---···· · · - · · · · · · · · -·-------···· 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants. . . . ... --········ · ---····-·- --·-·-······· · Sa n Jose, Calif_. . -· · ·-· .. -· · · . . .... . . . . . . .... .. -· -- -- _. -·... 884,000 (Includes Santa Clara County.) 100.0% Area actually repor ting _._ ..... . .... . Hate per 100,000 inhahitants . 2, 41l3 9:i9. r, 4 I. r; 16 6. 2 95 37. 0 112 43. fl I, 19-1 4fl5. 2 7!15 294. I 287 111. 8 lfi, 845 16,954 2,224. 5 34 34 4. 5 189 24. 9 623 628 82.4 519 525 f,S. 9 8. 177 8,224 1,070.0 4, 072 4, 102 538. 2 3,231 3,25 1 426. f, 27 13. 3 · 154 75. 8 3r,4 179. 2 I , 177 5i9. fl fi42 316. I 5.'il 271. 3 452 470 20. 7 2, 60 2, 952 130.. 2 2, 977 3, 085 13fi. I 20, IO I 20, 747 915. 0 7. 307 7,057 337. 7 8,098 8,3fi4 3C.S. 9 JO 4. 9 41,972 43, 455 177 180 190 om. 5 7. 9 1,918 I, 110. 4 4. I 10 5. 8 33 19. I 94 54. 4 79 508. 9 681 394. 3 21 4 123. 9 10, 147 1,948. I 6 I. 2 66 12. 7 193 37. I 361 fi9. 3 4, 133 793. 5 3, 827 734. 7 I, 56 1 299. 7 16, 404 16,657 2,065.9 62 63 7. 8 11 1 112 13. 9 353 359 44. 5 I , 459 I , 473 182. 7 7, 875 7,954 9 6. 5 4,534 4, 57l 566. 9 2, JOO 2, 125 263. 6 24, 482 2,345.2 52 .5.0 108 10.0 520 49.8 1,206 11 5. 5 12, 685 I , 215. 1 6, 883 659. 3 2, 938 281. 4 18. 141 I, 523. 7 40 3. 4 llfi 505 42. 4 726 9. 7 m. o 6, 7 3 569. 7 7,303 6 13. 4 2, 6f,S 224. 1 74,341 75, 893 2,539. 3 125 128 4. 3 393 410 13. 7 3,865 3, 9r,o 132. 5 34, 193 35, 0 11 1, lil. 4 16, 617 17, 005 569. 0 15,300 15. 482 518. 0 14,651 1,658. I 22 2. 5 84 9. 5 424 4 .0 7, 23 1 818. 3 4, 193 474. 5 2, 471 279. 6 1, 7 3,848 3,897 130. ,4 226 25. 6 �r Cl) 0:, TabJe 4 . -Inde x of Crim e , 1965, S ta n da rd 1U etropolita.n Sta.t is t ica.l Are as - Co n t inu ed Standard metropolitan stat istica l area Populat ion 'l'otal oITenses Murder an d 0 0 11negligent man- F orcible rape R obbery slaughter Santa Barbara, Calif_- - -- -- --· · · - · · · · · · · · · · . . ....... ... . . . . . .. (Includes Sa nta Bar bara Coun ty.) Area actua ll y reporting·· · ··· · -· ·· ·· ·· · ·-·· ·- · -·· · · · · ·· · Sava~!~\~~;15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~ ~.1.~ ~ ~'. '.~ ~ ~ ~: : : : : : :: : :::: : : : : ::: : ::: : : : : Burglary Larcen y $50 an d o,er Au to t heft 241, 000 100. 0% - .. . .. 20f 000. (Incl udes Chatham Count y.) 98. 0% Area actual ly reporting.. _· · · · ·· ·-- ·· ·· ··-···· · · --· · ·· · · Estimated total. ··· ·· ····· ·· · · · ·· -· · ·· · ·· -········· · ·· · 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 iubabi ta nts .. .. . · -········--··· - -·· · ·· · Scranton, Pa. • • • · ·-- · ·--·.· - - - · ·- • • • . .. • • . . • · - - · .•.•• .. . · -·· 227, 000 (I ncludes Lackawanna Cou nty.) Area actu all y reporti ng. . ... . - · ···-· · ··· · ·· · · · ··· ·-· ··- · 98. 1% Estimated t otal __ ·- · -· ··-·-·· ......... . · · -· · · ··· ····· ·· JOO. 0% R ate per 100,000 iuhabitauts . ........ _. .. . ..• _. ... -.. . .. · · ···· · ··-···· Seattle-E verett, Wash __ _··· · ·······-···-·········- ·· · -· ····· 1, 189,000 (I ncludes K ing a nd S'nobom isb Coun ties. ) Area actua ll y repor ting. · · ·-······-· · ······ · -·· ·· - · -···· 99. 7% E stimated total. .---····················· · · · · -·-·· -· ·· · JOO. 0% Hate per 100,000 i n.ha bita nts . .................. . ...... . . ·- ·········--Shre veport, La .. · -· ·····-··············-· .. .... . . ..... . .. 306, 000 (Includes B ossier a nd Caddo Parishes.) Area act uall y reportin g.····-· . ............. ··· ·······-· 100. 0% Hate per 100,000 i nhabitau ts .... ............. -······ ··· ···-·· · ······Sioux City,Iowa·Nebr .. . .. ... .. .. -- ·········- ....... ... . 119, 000 (I nclud es Woodbury Coun ty, Io"·a; a nd 11a kota Count y, Nebr.) 93. 5% Area act uall y repor ting. .... · ·····-··· ··· -············ E ; tima tecl totaL -·-· · - · ···-·· ...... ........... ··-·· · ··· 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabita nts . ..................•... ·· ·-········· South Bend, I nd ... . · · · ·· -· -·· · -···-················-··· ···281, 000 (In cludes St . J osepb and lVJa rshall C'ou nlies .) Area acu rnJJ y repor ting ............ ······· ····· ·· ·-· ··· 9 . 8% E stimated tota l.. .. . - ...... . .. . . . . ···-···· . ...••... I00.0% R a te per 100,000 inha bita nts... -...............•• . ...... ·· ···-·-···· Spokane, Wash .. .. - . ....................... ·-·-· .. .. 290, 000 (lnclndcs Spokane Coun ty.) 98. 7% 100. 0% R a te per 100,000 in ha bita nts ...•... ... . .. Springfield, Il l.. ... ... - ........... . 152, 000 ( Include~ Ra nga mon Co unt ;·.) \n'a ac·t unll _,· rr por ling 100. 0°,; l<-Jlf· 1,1·1 100.000 inh:1ld1·1111, ~~f~1~;~~J1i6t~f143.215.248.55'.'.~ ~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Aggra. vated assaul t 4, 302 10 I, 7 4. 8 4. l 3, 871 3, 948 I, 945. 7 I , 361 J, 531 lli -1. 4 20, 960 21, 020 29 38 15. 8 41 94 39. 0 170 2,11 0 875. 4 604. 5 1, 7 10 1, 740 857. 5 496. 3 i5 33. 0 647 713 314. l 141. 8 168. 3 9, 368 9, 305 790. 0 6,808 3, 062 3, 072 1, 4 8 897 293. 5 515 168. 5 561 589 493. 5 268 294 246. 4 7G I 501 143 59. 3 570 576 30 42 172 14. 8 20. 7 84. 8 283. 9 18 28 61 1 7 2 .9 4. 0 12. 3 627 629 32 9 450 186. 7 J. 457 985 366 381 I , 007 187. 8 287 322 I , 767 . ., 32 174 174 2. 7 14. 6 52. 9 889 891 H. 9 3, 74 7 I, 225. 9 26 8. 5 20 6. 5 168 55. 0 207. J I, 40G I, 517 l , 27 1. I 4 4 3. 4 31 5 12 10. 9 33 18.4 27. 7 562 470. 9 2, -582 2, fi51 943. 9 g 3. 2 9 10 73 77 27. 4 if 81 28. l, 178 419. 4 779 277 . 4

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�Springfield, Mo __ ___ ____ _____ _________ ______ _____ ____ ___ -- ·· · (Incl udes Greene Count y.) Area actually reporting.·-· - · ·-·--··· ·---····- · ·· ··· · · ·· 135 000 ' 100. 0% Spri~: r\~1~~r6:~~ . '.~-143.215.248.55!143.215.248.55-t~:::::::::::::::::::::: : : :: · . . . - ·-j37-ooo· (Incl_u des Clark County.) · ' 100. 0% Area actually reporting.·-·-··-········ -···-· -- · ··· · · ··R ate per 100,000 inhabitants. ······ · · · · -·--···· · ···-···- . .. ... .. ... .. . Springfield·Chicopee·Holyok e, Mass ... ...... · · · · ···-··· · ···· 555 000 (Includes H am pden and H ampshire Counties.) ' Area act ually reporting.-··-······· ··· · ·····-·········· · 98. 3% i !\~mpaetrc1ob~8&\·1oiiabi taot;.-_·_~-.--·.·_·_·.·.·.~·-·-·.·.~~·.~-.~-.·_·.·.·...•.. . !~~:~~. Steubenville-Weirton, Ohio-W. Va..... .. .. . .... ..... . ... . ... 167,000 (Includes Jefferson County, Ohio; and Brooke a nd H ancock Counties, W. Va.) t ~itr:~t~~Kt~!~~:~'.~~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 1~b:~~ Rate per 100,000 inha bi ta nts. - · ·-·--·-·· · ··· -····-·-···· ·· · · · · -·- · ··-· Stockton, Calif __ ..... ·· · - · - · · ··· · · ····· · ··- · -·- · ··· · · ·· ·-. . . 271, 000 (Includes San Joaquin Coun ty.) Area actually reporting... ···· · ··· ········- ·· · ···· ·· ···JOO. 0% Rate per 100,000 inha bitants.·-· · -···-··· ······ · -·· · ·· ·· · ·· · · · -···· ··Syracuse , N .Y. . ·- ··· · ··· ··- -··· · · ·· · · ··· · -········· ·· · . . 630 000 (Includes Madison , Onondaga and Oswego Coun ties.·) - · ' Arca actuall y reporting.·····-· · ·· ··-·--·········· ······ 09. 2% Taco;~ti{~l15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)143.215.248.55:15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)::·15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):~:·~:-15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~::: -:- ...... ~ :' : :. (Includes Pierco County.) Area actually repor tlng.... _· ·-····-· ··· ·· · -·- · ···- · ··· · 100. 0% R ate per 100,000 inhabitants. . ·- ··· ·· · ·- · -· · · ·· ·· ·· · · ·· · · · ·--··--· ·- ·· Tampa·St. Peters burg, Fla_--- ·-·· · ··-·-- ····-· ··· · · · · · ··· · 887,000 (Includes Hillsborough and Pinellas Counties.) Arca actually reporting.-···· ·· · ······ · · · - -··· · · · ······· 97. 3% TeJ~:! ~~fi!15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~ ~~i15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):~·:~-:~: ~·: :~·~·:~·~-::~·~·::~ ·~ ·~·~-.·-· ~~; ~~. Tex!l!f£:~i143.215.248.55%f15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)'.15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)::::::::::::::::::::::::::::....-.143.215.248.55;:. 1 (Inclu des Vigo , Olay, Sullivan and Vermillion Counties.) Arca actuall y reporting...... _.... .. ---··-··········- ··· 07. 2% (Includes Bowie County , T ex.; and Miller County , Ark .) 84. 7% Area actually reporting· · - · · · · · - · · · · -- -··· ···- · ···-·-··· E stimated total _- · · ··- ·-· ···· · ·-· ···-· · ·· ···· ··· · ·· ·-·· 100. 0% T R ate per 100,000 inhabitants_···- ······ ·· ····· · · · · ··· · · · · ······-·· -· ·· oledo, Ohio.Mich.·-· · ···---· ·· ·· · ·-· -·-- ·· ·-·- · ··-···-· ··· 654, 000 (Includes Lu cas and Wood Counties, Ohio; and Monroe Coun ty, M ich.) Arca actuall y reporting·-· ·· ·-·· ·· · ·· · -···-·- · ··-···-··· 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhahlfants._ ....•. -·-·- · - · ········-· - · · -·-·· · · · - · · -· 1,554 I, 147. 8

----- ---- -- ---

5 3. 7 47 3,1. 7 35 25. 0 002 666. 2 41 5 300. 5 150 110. 8 588 I, 220 93. 6 4 2. 0 7 5.1 37 27. 1 13. 0 430. 7 328 240. 2 237 173. 6 4, 593 4, 744 854. 5 8 8 I. 4 29 30 5. 4 ~ 46 50 0. 0 78 83 14. 0 I, 633 1,688 304. 0 1, 261 I , 293 232. 9 1, 538 1, 502 286. 7 9i7 I, 155 690. 3 2 2 1. 2 9 IO 6. 0 28 37 22. 1 121 137 8 1. 0 497 573 342. 5 224 268 160. 2 96 128 76. 5 6, 336 2, 334. 0 13 4. 8 43 15. 8 221 81.4 33 1 121.9 2, 097 I, 104. 0 1, 875 690. 7 856 315. 3 8,162 8, 227 I, 305. 8 14 14 2. 2 91 91 1-1.4 252 255 40. 5 482 487 77. 3 3, 382 3,402 q4 0. 0 2, 868 2,893 459. 2 1,073 I , 085 172. 2 4, 392 I, 329. 7 4 I. 2 34 10. 3 88 26. 6 258 78.1 2, 036 616. 4 I, 422 430. 5 550 166. 5 I , 336 18,94 1 2, 135. 8 51 53 6. 0 Ill 114 12. 9 797 830 93. 6 I, 700 1, 753 197. 7 9, 244 9, 528 1,074. 4 4, 784 4, 951 558. 3 1, 64.9 1, 712 193. 0 1, 7 4 1,881 0 0 5. 3 11 12 7.1 44 50 29. 4 32 37 21. 8 856 894 526. 0 636 662 389. 5 196 217 127. 7 8 66 92 91.1 326 360 356. 6 187 23 7 234. 8 104 126 124. 8 481 73. 6 4, 377 660. 4 3, 057 467. 5 1, 387 212. 1 l, 106. 6 700 851 843. 0 IO 11 5 IO 10.9 9. 9 15 14 . 9 9, 943 I , 520. 7 23 3.5 73 11. 2 83. ,1 545 IO �00 00 T able 4 .-lndex of Cri me, 1965, S tanda rd Metr opolita.n S ta tistical Areas - Continued Standard metropolitan statistical area Populat ion Total offenses Murder and n onnegligent Forcible rape man- Robbery slaughter Topeka , Kans ____ _____ __ _____ _______ _____ _____ __________ ____ (Includes Shawnee County.) Area actually reporting. _____ ___ __ __ __ ______ ____ _____ ___ R ote per 100,000 inhabitants __ ____________ _____ ________ _ Trenton, N .J______ ___ _______ _. _. ____________ ____ ____ ________ (Includ es Mercer Coun ty.) Area aclllall )• reporting ____ __ ___________ ____ __ _____ _____ E stimated total.. _____ _____ __ -- -- --- _______ ______ ______ _ Hate per 100,000 inhabi lani s _____ ______________ ____ ____ _ 289, 000 Tucso n, Ariz ___ __________ __ _______________ ____ ___ ________ __. 331. 000 98. 3% 100 .0% 99. 2% if;t~:;;iJ~lt~f:143.215.248.55: ~~!::::: : :::::: : :: :::::::::::::::::: I00. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ______________ __________ ____ Vallejo-Napa, Calif__ ___ _. _____________ ____ _______ ______ ___ __ -------------234, 000 (Includes Solano and Na pa Counties .) Area actuall y reporting ___ _________ ___ ______ ______ __ ____ 100. 0% W Rate per 100,000 inhabitants ___________ _______________ __

----aco i Tex ____ _____ ___ __ ____ _

158, 000 (Includes M cLennan County~) -- ------ --- -- ----- -----·-·Area actually reporting _____ ___ __ ___________ __ ____ . _____ JOO. 0% H:11P pPr rnn,cln11 inhahitnrn..; B urglary Larceny $50 and Auto theft over 150, 000 100. 0% (Includes Pima County.) Area actu ally reporting _____________ ____ ___ ____ ___ ______ 100.0% Hate per 100,000 inhabitants __ ___ ________ _______________ Tulsa, Okla ___________________________ ____ . __ _______________ ------ ----- --449, 000 (Includes Creek, Osage and Tulsa Counties .) Area actually reporting __ ____ _____ . _____________ . ___ . ___ 100. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants __________________ __ ___ ___ __ Utica-Rome, N, Y____ _____ ___________ ____ . _. _. ___ . ___ .. __ . __ _ ----- --------352, 000 (Includes H erkim er and On eida Counties.) Was143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)::·ri~'. ~JJ~-t~~'. 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):::: ::::::::: ::::::::::- .::: (lnclud es District of Columbia; Montgomery and Prin ce Georges Counties, M el.; Alexanclria Fairfax and F alls Church Citiesa ncl Arlin gton ancl Fa;;.ra, Counties, Va.) Area actuall y reponin g_____ ---··--·· _____ _ ___ __ __ Rate per 100,000 inhabitan ts . ____ __ ____________________ Waterloo , Iowa__ ___ __ ________ ______ _____

(Incl url es Bl ack H awk C' ounty.) Area a,·111 a ll ,- rcpnrting Aggravated assaul t -- --------- - 1. 780 1, 183. 1 3 2. 0 22 14. 6 47 31. 2 li5 116. 3 915 608. 2 41G 276. 5 202 134. 3 5,373 5,452 I , 885. 7 7 7 2. 4 24 24 8. 3 235 238 82. 3 219 224 ii. 5 2, 272 2. 307 797. 9 1, 110 1, 128 390. 2 1,506 l , 524 527. 1 5,202 l , 587. 4 15 4. 5 36 10. 9 148 44. 6 265 79. 9 2,511 757. 5 1, 366 412. 1 921 2ii. 8 7, 488 I, 6G7. 2 Jg 40 4. 2 10. 2 220 49. 0 49 l 109. 3 3, 051 6i0. 3 2,408 536. 2 I , 253 279. 0 1, 89 1 2. 102 59(i. 5 4 5 J. 4 9 10 2. 8 37 46 13. l 51 19. 3 I, 044 l, 108 3 l4. 4 494 574 162. 9 252 29 1 82. 6 2,988 I. 279. '.l 8 3. 4 19 8. l 93 39. 8 81 34. 7 I, 337 572. 4 939 402. 0 511 218. 8 3,056 I, 937. 9 13 8. 2 17 10. 8 61 38. 7 229 145. 2 2, 008 I, 273. 3 519 329.1 209 132. 5 51, n4 7 2,1 71. 3 197 8. 2 339 14. 2 3, 665 153. 2 5, 087 2 12. 6 21,323 89 1. 3 11 , 869 496. 1 9,467 395. 7 42

l:l .-1

2, 392, 000 100.0% 126, 000 11)0, or; 1, l ii8 2 1:i \l:ll . I I I\ JI ) :i 68 40

ll

~ -133 425

3.J.J. I

l:Jq_ I

203 H il. A �West Palm Beach , Fla_ ___ __________ ___ _________ _______ ___ ___ (I ncludes Palm Beach County.) Area actuall y reporting__ ____ __ __ ________ ____ ___ _____ ___ 274, 000 93. 4% 615:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)'.143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):::::::::::::::::::::::::::: ------:;~::- Whe;itfil~t~% (Includes Marshall and Ohio Counties, W. Va.; and Belmont County, Ohio.) Area actuall y reporting__________________ _____ _________ _ 91. 9% Wic!~Y,!7Jt115:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)-!143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)'.143.215.248.55::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::: -- -- --; : : :(Includes Sedgwick and Butler Counties.) Area actually reporting_ ___ ___ ___ _________ _____ ____ ___ __ 100. 0% Wic~:,t~~ii~ .1£~;?_~'.~-~ ~~i_t_143.215.248.55 : :: : :: : :::::::: : ::: :-- ---- -- - - --- - 147- 000(Includes Archer and Wichita Counties.) -- --- --' Area actually reporting_ __ ____ ____ ___ ___ ___ ____ ____ ____ _ JOO. 0% Rate per 100,000 inhabitants _______ ____ ____ ___ ____ _____ ______ ________ _ 348 000 Wilkes-Barre-Hazelton, Pa___ __ ________________ __ __ (I ncludes Luzerne County.) -- --- -- -' Area actually reporting ____________________ ____ _______ __ 96. 4% Estimated totaL inhabitants __----------__-------- - --_---------JOO. 0% Rate per 100,000 ___ ---___________ _ Wilmington, Del.-N .J.-Md ________ ___ _____ ___ _____ -------- -- ------463-000(lncludes New Castle County, Del.; Salem -c-oii_~t;y- ' N.J .; and Cecil County, Md.) ' ~ r~!' acfually reporting ____ ______ ____ __ _____ ________ __ __ 99. 0% s una ed totaL ___ _______ ______ _____________ ______ ____ 100. 0% w· RateJ'er 100,000 inhabitants __ ___ _____ __ __ ____ ____________ ___ __ ___ ___ _ 2 17 ooo mst-0n- alem, N,C___ ______ ______ ____ _________ __ (Includes Forsyth County.) - -- ------' 100. 0% Area actually reporting____ __ _____ __ _____ ___ __ Rate per 100,000 inhabitants __ _______ ____ _____ : ---- --- -Worcester, Mass __ ___ ________ ______ ____ ____ ________________ _ 61 5 000 (Includes Worcester County.) ' 86. 9% Are!' actually reporting____ ______ ___ __ ___ _________ ___ ___ Estunated totaL

JOO. 0%__ Rate per 100,000 mhabitants ______ ____ _________ ___ ___ ___ __ __________ York, Pa __ __ _____-- ---- ---- ----- --- -- -- -- -- ----- ----303, 000 (Includes York and Adams Counties.) -- ----Are!' actually reporting_____ _______ ____ __ _______ ______ __ 97. 2% Estimated totaL rnhabitants , - - - -c--- -----------JOO. 0% Rate per 100,000 _____ --------__ ________--_____ _ -----Youngstown-Warren, Ohio______ _______________ ______ _----- - - - -- ---532-000(Includes Mahoning and Trumbull Counties.)

--'

JOO Oo/c Area actuall y reporting_______ ___________ Rate per 100.000 inhabitants ____ ____ ____ _: : : : : : : :::- ---- ________ _· __0 _ 4, 647 5, 103 1, 862.3 28 29 10. 6 34 36 13. 1 105 130 47. ,1 699 739 269. 7 2,2 12 2, 426 885. 4 1, 112 1,238 451. 8 457 505 184. 3 829 1,040 56 1. 7 3 4 2. 2 l 3 1. 6 23 36 19. 4 59 72 38_-9 409 501 270. 6 235 282 152. 3 99 142 76. 7 5,824 1, 586. 6 13 3. 5 41 J I. 2 13 1 35. 7 322 87. 7 2, 757 751. I I , 691 460. 7 869 236. 7 2, 192 1,496. 0 10 6.8 21 14. 3 92 62. 8 369 25 1. 8 652 445. 0 829 565.8 219 149. 5 1, 60•1 1, 748 503. 0 2 2 .6 12 13 3. 7 20 29 8. 3 92 103 29. 6 620 678 195. l 483 512 147. 3 375 411 118. 3 6, 311 6, 359 I , 374. 5 20 20 4. 3 34 34 7. 3 276 278 60. 1 107 110 23. 8 2, 895 2, 91 6 630. 3 1, 711 1, 722 372. 2 1,268 I. 279 276. 5 3, ],13 1,148. 0 34 15. 7 17 7. 8 55 25. 3 792 364. 9 1. 2 16 560. 2 608 280. 1 421 194. 0 5, 922 7,3 17 I , 190. 3 11 13 2. 1 25 30 4.9 128 165 26. 8 143 189 30. 7 2,800 3, 316 539. 4 1,293 I , 586 258. 0 1, 522 2. 018 328. 3 4 4 1. 3 JG 17 5.6 63 69 22. 7 69 78 25. 7 1,306 I, 347 443. 9 438 460 151. 6 259 2 5 93. 9 17 3. 2 23 4. 3 152 28. 6 426 80. 0 2, 029 38 1. 1 1, 171 219. 9 1, 075 20 1. 9 2,1 55 2, 260 744. 8 4, 893 919. 0 .. �General United States Crime Statistics enforce are 1wimarily of value to law The data prese-n t ed 111 . t h 1s . sect10n . .· . and others for .. the purpose of compa .-ment ex· ecut1ves, news media l'eported • e cnme experience of a community with the ave,,,ges nn Oo· th . . rates al' nationally by communities of similar size. Crime trends and Police e tn.bitlated by grouping places accoi·din• to population size. 0 PopuJatperfor mance m cn. mes by a,,-est is presented by · · c1eanng • l'\1 ati ion o-roll . d.1v1sion. . . .t~ P an d geograpl uc O • of the o~al city averages are also shown indicating the type and value Police pi~o;erty stolen, by offense and type, and value recovered by examined' estigat10n. Robbery, bw·glacy, and larceny-theft are Cit by type, as well a where and when they occw-red. 1 ofl'e Y' sub · ur·b an and rur al area arrest r ates are shown for all cn1n1Dtw. · · offens nses. An-est 'rotes by population ' gi·oup are olso listed for specific · Othe,· es. This is another step in building totals for crime cotegones to the th a~ those in the Crime Index and in presenting crimes known 0 . . ·d d f · th use _Po~cel through arrests. f!Stawat1st1 ' enfca. data relatrn•'"' to suburban areas are· provi · · e 1,·o,o· r roited Con, . orcernen t officials in suburb an comm um ties 10 m • ~n, ' . cio/•nsons. Places used to establish totals fo,· subuxban areas m'.'>ties with 50 000 or le s populotion and county Jaw enforcement . cies · . · _1 • Of course the ' . 1n standard metropolitan statistw~ ,ueOS°"1 ' n,;,; It eIse_inx perience of t he Iar•e city is "' core . · excluded. . . th t usuallY abou t a N atwntw. . _1 half the 1 P0·rtan t to remember 10 studymg d bave1t ages h lf below. m ust be . above an · · •. tou. ••er8.ges unitsprousedv1de the police adm1n1st1a o1 · ,th • valuable gu1·d ance i.: s . 11 "1 th6 erforJJl ance of .LU foree in . h as r Pdoes not en d with . zmg the local cnrne count, l1S we combatino· crime. The analysis, oweve ' 0 .1 ditions 8 thllch ac . " . . . · al f!oc~ con at ompanson, !ont is only through an •PP' "'s the eflecti vanes, • clear picture of the community crime problem or of the po lice force 1s . poss1·ble. 111 n,llaly· can . 91 �Table 5.-Crime Trends, O.D'e n ses K nown to the Polic<', 1964- 65 , hy Pop ula tio n G roups [1 965 estimated population] Crim inal homicide I'opulation group Grand total Crime index total Jlfor clcr and nonnegligent man- slaughter Manslnughtcr by negligence L arceny-theft Forcible R obbery rape Aggravated RSSR UIL Burglarybreaking or enterin g $50 and over Un de r $50 Auto theft TOTAL, ALL AGENCIES: 5,388 agencies; total po pu,000

_____ ___ ___ ____ ______ ___ ______ _

lation _____ 1964 159,771 ___ ___ ___ 7, 457 17, 580 3, 937, 663 2, 326, 875 6, 090 103,984 162. 527 987, 594 624. 783 1, 604, 698 422, 950 1965_-- _--- - _______ -- _-- ________ ____________ ____ _ 4, 047, 861 667, 896 1, 692, 666 18, 989 6, 661 2, 448, 534 7,898 109, 198 167, 379 1,037, 650 439, 524 P ercent change _______ __ ______ ______ __ ___ __ _____ _ - .8 +2.8 +5.2 + 5.9 + o.4 + 8.o +5. 0 +3. 0 +5. 1 + 0.0 + 3. 9 0 l= = = =t== = = l = = = 1====1==== - - - - - - - - - - - - ====l = == =I = = = TOTAL CITil.S : 3,798 cities ; total population 111,798,000 1964 ______: __ __ _____ _____ _______ _____ ___ ____ ____ __ 3,295, 325 1, 380, 178 94, 923 133. 497 780, 268 509, 601 374, 259 12, 763 I, 911, 193 5, 882 3. 954 1965_____ --- __--- _-- __-- ____ -- __ __-- ___ ____ ______ 3,374, 112 99, 461 6, 180 3, 907 137, 055 540, 731 1, 362, 929 390, 327 819,837 13, 685 2, 007, 276 P ercent change ____________ ___ ____ ___ ______ ___ __ _ 1. 2 1. 3 +5. 1 +7. 2 +4.8 +2.7 + 6. 1 +2.4 +5.0 +4. 3 +5.1 l== = = l == = = I - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ====l,= ===I= = = <1ROl' P I 53 cities over 250,000; 40,800,000 ]964 ______ ______ ___population ____________ __ ____ ___: ________ _ 1965 _____ ________ ___ __ ___ _________ ________ ____ ___ P ercen t change ___ _____ _______ _______ __ _______ ___ 6 cities over 1,000,000; population 18,881,000: 1064_ - -- - -- - -- -- - - -- _--- __ -- ____ -- __ -- __ -- __ _- 1965 __ __ ____ ___ __ _______________ ________ ----- --Percen t change ____ _______ __ __ ____ ___ ___ _ 18 cities, 500,000 to 1,000,000; population 11,641,000: 1964 _______________ ---- ---------- -------- -- -----1965 ____________ ___ _________________________ __ __ _ Percent chan ge ____ _____ _______ _________________ _ 29 cit ies,_______________ 250,000 to 500,000; populat ion 10,284,000:__ _ 1964 __ __ _____ __________________ 1905 __________ ______ ___ ______ . P ercent chan ge __ __ ______ _______ _____ __ __ _______ _ ,,,,8,300 2, Olfl 2, 000 - .3 7, 74-1 8, 509 + 11. 0 70. 4,12 73, Oli2 +3. 7 77, !2R 70, 4fi8 +:l .O 3~3. 444 402, 687 + s. o 243. 82 1 + 3. 0 ,53fi, Olfl - 4. 0 224, 2!i9 233. 402 + 4. 1 l , fif> l fi87 f\54 -4. 8 4, 40 1 4. 949 + 12. 5 40, 489 41, fi33 +2s 4fi , 21\7 4!i, 3G8 +. 2 l63, 4fi7 l , 807 + 8. 8 175,50 1 135. 812 138, (i32 +2. 1 108, r, 19 l 7, 811 - .5.4 105. 382 110, 5!i7 +4.9 1, Iii ] , 195 +1. 5 739 758 +2.n I. 911 2, 148 + 12.4 17, !HO 18, r,97 115, i RO 11 , 796 +r,. 2 17, 825 19, 453 +9. I M.823 57, 725 +5.3 19G. 757 183, 993 - G. 5 73,003 75, 204 + 3. 0 230, 810 ?39 391 - -f-3. 7 722 754 +4. 4 590 597 + 1. 2 1. 432 I , 502 + 4. 9 12,353 12, 732 +3.l 13. 03fi 13, (i47 +4. 7 104, 197 108, 390 53, ] 8(i 54, 735 +2.9 lli3, 024 IM, 212 +.7 45. 884 47. fi3 1 + 3. 8 245, 140 759 R3,i 59G 0. 043 9. 57 1 18. 127 IR.442 108. 347 11 2,-1-l!i fi5. Rl 8 198.-140 107. 11;3 4 1. 572 f- 111. 11 +- A. :, I, 474 I. 438 1,570, 734 1,590, 081 +1. 2 I, 010, 418 I, O!i2, 05fi + 1. 1 3, !ifiO 3, 7.i fi + fl. f, 696, 685 707, 912 +1. 6 497,479 519, 447 +4. 4 479,625 477, 969 - .3 282, 120 293,218 +3.9 394,424 404, 200 + 2. 5 444. 27fi 455. OJI, + 2.-1 +7.4 +H +4.0 2.i l , 0, 2 GROUP II 92 cities, 100,000 to 250,000; population 13,087,000: 1964 _-- ___ - - - - ------------ _ _ _ _ __ 1965 _ Pc-r ..:cnt l'h:m~c 2,17, '.!24 + 4. \I mo - 2 .\ + r, "' -L I 7 + :l ' 70. 377 j ti q 44 . I Iii +r. I �GROUP Ill 224 cities, 100,000; 15,390,000: 1964 ___50,000 __ ____to _____ __ ____population ______ ___ ____ ___ ____ ____ _ 1965 __ ____ __ ____ ______ ___ _______ __ _____ ____ ______ Percent change ___ _--- --------- ---------- ------ __ 431,691 444,502 +3.0 232, 297 245,543 +5.7 546 534 -2. 2 554 506 - 8. 7 I, 207 I, 283 +6.3 7, 117 7,508 +5. 5 11,865 11, 841 - .2 98, 184 103,074 +5.0 69, 673 75, 023 +7.7 198,840 198, 453 - .2 43, 705 46,280 + 5.9 380, 826 395,591 +3. 9 193,882 207,702 +7. 1 458 488 + 6.6 447 402 - 10. 1 913 975 +6. 8 4,439 5,098 +14. 8 IO, 226 10,643 +4. 1 83,983 88,012 +4 . 8 62, 113 69,027 + u .1 186, 497 187, 487 +.5 31,750 33,459 +5.4 313,813 327,635 +4.4 150,989 161,799 +7.2 364 368 +1. 1 225 239 +0.2 870 872 +. 2 2, 654 2, 990 +12.1 9,831 10,545 +7.3 69, 349 74,360 + 7.2 45,525 49, 944 +9.7 162,599 165,597 +1. 8 22, 396 22, 720 +1.4 153,985 161, 287 +4.7 78,467 82, 952 +5. 1 195 199 + 2. 1 116 122 + 5. 2 555 518 - 6. 7 1,218 1, 232 +1.1 6,320 6, 116 - 3. 2 36, 961 39, 258 + 0.2 2'2, 051 25, 278 +11.6 75, 40'2 78,2 13 +3. 1 10, 567 10, 351 - 2. 0 903, 061 953, 344 +5.6 517,273 558, 20-2 +7. 9 I , 149 1, 207 +5. 0 I , 288 I, 608 + 24.8 4,024 4, 581 +13.8 ll, 842 13, 419 + 13. 3 27, 901 29,979 +7.4 243, 119 260, 570 +7.2 154,560 171, 207 +10. 8 384, 500 393,534 +2.3 74, 678 77, 239 +3. 4 204, 474 210, 139 + 2. 8 142, 714 147, 591 +3.4 837 933 +11.5 I , 346 I. 602 +19. 0 2, 079 2, Oil 2, 344 2,255 -3. 8 12, 464 12,997 +4.3 73, 148 74, 684 +2. 1 39. 213 42,290 +7. 8 60, 414 60,946 +.9 12,629 12, 361 - 2.1 GROUP IV 451 cities, 25,000 to_____ 50,000; population 15,720,000: 1964 ____ ______ _____ ___ ___ ______ ____ ____ ____ _ J1l::cent change_ - -- - -- -- - ---- -- -- -- - ----- ----- _: GROUP V 1,0511964 cities, 10,000 to 25,000; population 16,198,000: ______ _______ ______ _____ ______ _______ ___ ___ __ J.;1::cen t chn,;ge - - ----------- -- -- ---------- -: -: : : GROUP VI 1,927 cities under 10,000; population 10,596,000: ~!t~~ :hange __ ____ ______ _____ __ :: : : : : :::::::: SUB URBA N AR EA I 1,963 agencies; population 47,882,000: ~:ir:~i change _-______ ____ ___ :: :::: --------- ---RURAL AREA 1,325 agencies; populat ion 23, 761 000: ~!Lnt change __ ___ _____: : ~::: : -- --- ----- --- --: I Agencies and populat ion represented in suburban area are also represented in other city groups. - .1. �r Tahlc 6.-Crime Ra t es, Offenses Known lo t he Police, 1965, by Popiilatinn Gro ups [I Ofi5 esti m aterl popul a tion ] C ri m inal homicide n rn nrt Po pulation group total C ri me in dex total Murde r a nd nonncgli!!en t m a nslau ghte r 1la nsla ughtor h y ncgligcn cc L arcen y-theft Fo rcible ra pe f! ohher y Airirrnv·a tc rl assa u lt Rur irla ryhrca k- Au to theft in g or enter ing $50 a n rl o ver 185, 11 5 1, 096, 974 108. 5 643. 1 71 6, 637 420. 1 1, 660, 139 978. 5 462, 778 27 1. 3 149, 433 127. 7 857,088 732. 7 575,498 492. 0 1, 420, 739 1, 214. 6 409, 179 349. 8 Unrlcr $50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -TOTAL, ALL AGENCIES : 5,931 agencies; total pop ulation 170,577,000 : Nu m ber of offenses known ___ _____ ___ -Ra te per 100,000 inh abitants _____ ____ - TOTAL CITIES: 4,073 cities; total popula t io n 116,974 ,000 : N umber of offe nses known __ ___ __ __ Rate per 100 ,000 inha bitants ____ __ 4, 281, 134 2, 509. 8 2, 604, 982 I, 527. 2 3, 540, 630 3,026. 9 2, 115, 860 1, 808.8 = 8, 538 5. 0 6, 474 5. 5 7, 013 4. 1 20,456 12. 0 4,031 3. 4 14,512 12. 4 GRO("P I /ifi cities over 250,000; popula t ion 42,.173,000: N umher or offenses known ________ _ f!aLe per 100,000 ____ ___________ 6 cities over 1,000,000; popula Lion 18,SR l,000: N u mher or offenses k nown _____ ___ ____ Ra te per 100,000 ________ ___ ___ 20 cities, 500,000 to 1,000,000; popu la t ion 13,090.000: N umhc r of offenses known __ - R Ate per 100,000 ___ __________ 30 cities, 250,000 to 500,000; population l0, 599,000: N u mher of offenses known ____ _ _ _ _ Ra te per 100,000 ___ -- 114, 484 67. 1 - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - = 103, 676 88. 6 = - -- - - - -- I, ni2, 573 3,028. 7 l , 106,313 2, 59S. 6 3, 93r, 0. 2 2,000 4. 0 9, 112 21. 4 i/'i, 115 178. 8 R5, 23fi 200. 2 418,34 1 9 2. r, 2fi0, r.22 633. 3 /ifi4 , 170 I, 325. 2 2'13, 0.';J 573. 0 707,912 3, i -!O. 4 510,447 2,75 1. 2 1,807 9. n (i54 3. 5 4, 040 26. 2 4 1, fi33 220. 5 4fi, 3fi8 245. 6 I75, /iO I 029 . .'i 138, f,22 i34 . 2 187, 8 1I 994. 7 I IO, /ifii 585. 540,595 4, 12 . 9 337,826 2, 580. 2 I, 363 10. 4 830 6. 4 2,547 10. 5 21,563 Ui4. 7 23,830 182. 0 13? 050 1,008.5 72. 712 555. 3 20 1,030 l, 542. 3 83, if> 639. 424, 0fi6 4,000. 0 249,040 2, 349. 6 766 7. 2 507 5. 6 1, 616 15. 2 12, 910 121. 9 15, 038 14 1. 9 I IO, 790 l , 045. 3 58,288 549. 9 174,420 1,645. 7 49, fi2 3 468. ·2 484, 465 3, 53.5. 3 2i7. 040 2, O~ l. i SiJ 644 4. 7 l, 536 11. 2 !O, 017 20,601 151. 0 11 9, 380 8il. 2 70, l50 555. 7 206, 78 1 I, 509. 0 48. 38 353. l!>fl, :!;jfi '2 .i4 , ()0:.? ,'i l0 Ul~ ':1 7, f'ti:! 1, ,, J'.l, !4~ 1nn. .i l fi 7i . B:! I ,.i I li7 I tl

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I ,-- - tri. PI <.ROUP 11 06 cit ies, !00, 000 to 250,000; popu lation 13,701,000: N u mbe r of offenses kno ll'n __ ______ _ ·-- - ___ Rate per !00,000 ___ __ --- --- ---- 6. 4 73. I GllO UP ill 230 cities, 50,000 to 100,000; popu la tion J.5,i88.000 : \/umhcr of o ffe nses kno ll'n f! atP 1w r tnn. nnn

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_?f\7 �GRO UP IV 468 cities, 25,000 t o 50,000; population 10,280,000: N u mber of offenses k nown ___ ___ ____ __ _________ _ R ate p er 100,000___ _______ ______ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ 410,613 2,522.2 216, 457 1,329.6 499 3.1 409 2. 5 I, 018 G. 3 5, 353 32. 9 11,515 70. 7 91,450 561. 7 72, 036 442. 5 193, 747 1, 190. I 34, 586 212. 4 34 1, 957 2,011.2 170, 821 I, 004. 7 387 2. 3 242 I. 4 049 5. 6 3,170 IS. G 11,343 66. 7 78,514 46 1. S 52,575 309. 2 170, 894 I, 005.1 23, 883 140.5 174, 766 1,503.2 01, 227 784. 7 234 2.0 127 I. I 585 5. 0 I, 369 11. 8 7, 206 62. 0 42,887 368. 9 27,488 236. 4 83,412 717. 4 11, 458 98. 6 l , 018, 740 1, 0 0. 601, 930 1, 170. 1 I, 363 2. 7 I, 752 3. 4 5, 042 9. 8 J<J, 449 28.1 33,88fi 65. 9 280, 083 544. 6 184, 717 359. 2 415,058 807. 0 82, 390 160. 2 237,041 874. 1 167,281 616. 9 I, 152 4. 2 I, 693 6. 2 2,372 s. 7 2, 684 9. 9 15, 80 58. 3 83,625 308. 4 47, 785 176. 2 68,067 251. 0 13, 855 51. l GROUP V 1,104 cities, 10;000 to 25,000; p opulation 17,003,000: N w n ber of o ffenses known ____ ____ ________ _____ _ R ate per 100,000_______________ _______ ______ _____ GROUP VI 2,110 cit ies un d er 10,000; population 11,626,000: N u mber of offenses k nown ____ ____ _________ _____ R ate per 100,000____ _______ ____ __________ ____ ____ SUB UR B.AN AREA 1 2,113 agencies; p opulation 51,431,000: N umber of offenses known ___ ___ _____ _______ ____ _R ate per 100,000. ___ _____ __ _____ ________ ____ __ ___ - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - RURAL ARE.A 1,559 agencies; population 27, 118,000: N u mber of offenses lcnown ____ __ _____ ____ __ __ ___ R ate per 100,000___ ___ _____ ________ ___ ___ ___ _____ Agencies an d population represented in su burba n a rea arc a lso included in other city g rou ps. Population figu res rou nded to the nearest thousand. All rates we re ca lcula ted on t he popula t ion before rounding . 1 ,..- �Table 7 .- Cri,ne Tre nds, Offe n ses Known to t h e Po lice , 1965 versus Average 1960- 64 [3 ,363 agen cies; ID65 estim ated popu lati on 127,795,000] N u mber of olienscs Offense A \·cra~c 1960-04 TOTAL _- ------ - - -- ------ -- -- -- - - ---- -- -- - - -- ---- ________ ____. 1965 Percent chan ge 2. 997, 815 3. 665. 860 + 22. 3 M urder nncl n on negligent manslaughter _. ···· - · · ·· · ·· · ----- · · __ ___ _ !\,J anslaughter by negligen ce __ . ____ ______ ___ .. ·· · · · -· - ··---- - - --- -- Porcible rape ___ ----·-·- · -- - - - ----- - ---- · -·- · - ·· -· --- -- - · -· ·- ··· ···- Hobbery. __--- _-- · · ·· _... . . . .... -- . -- . -- - ---- -- -- . - -- ___. . . _.. __. . _. 5, 828 3,925 12, 592 87,352 6, 934 4, 44] 16,554 JOG, 879 + 1u. o + 13.l +31.5 + 22.4 143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)f:;;~b143.215.248.55t '~t.;-ar-oniciiiag::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Larceny-theft: 107, 790 734, 205 ] 36, 644 919,203 +20. 8 +25. 2 460, So l 603, 366 1,454, 044 417, 795 +20.s $50 and o,-er __·- · · ·- -- - ----------- --- - - - ---- · ··· __ __________ ____ Under $50 ___ _. -- - -·- · -- - - - ••• ---- - -- -- ·· · - -- . • -- - - _. ____ • ____ • __ A u to theft_ . . . . ___ - -- . -. -- -- - ... . . --- . --- . . - . - -- - . - . . . - . . ___. . ___ .. . D6 l , 263, 472 321, 790 + 30.9 +15.1 �Table 8.-0}Jenses Known and Percent Cka.red by A rrest, 1965, by Popufotion G roups [1965 estim ated population) L a rcen y-theft C riminal hom icide Population group G rand totul C rime index total Forcible Robbe ry •I urdcr M a nrope and non- slau gh te r negligent by negligence mans laughter Aggrnvatcd assaul t Burglar ybreaking or . entering S.iO and Total Auto theft over - - - - - -- - - -- - - --- TOTAL CITIBS 2,784 cities; total population 99,846,000: Offenses known _____ __ __ __ ___________ ______ _____ P er cent cleared by arrest. ___ _______ _____ ______ 3, 078, 931 24. 6 1,817, 172 26. 3 5,691 90. o 3, 505 So. 3 12,271 64. 0

----

89, 982 37. 6 126, 612 72. 9 729, 347 1, 756, 719 19. 6 24. 7 - - - - - - -- 498,465 13. 9 ~ GROU P I 53 cities over ~50,UUU; total population 38,742,000: Offenses known _- ------ ---- - - - -- - - - - ---- --- - - --. Percent cleared by arrest ______ ____ ______ __ __ ____ 5 cities over l ,0U0,000; total population 16,149,000: Offenses known ___ ________ ___ ________ _______ ____ Percent cleared by arrest ______ ______ _____ _____ __ 19 cit ies, 500,000 to 1,000,000; total population 12,343,000: Offenses k nown ________ ______ ___ _______ ________ _ Percent clear ed by arrest ______ ____________ ___ ___ 29 cities, 250,000,o 500,000; total population 10,250,000: Offenses known ___ ___ __ ________ _____ ___________ _ Percent cleared by arr est __ __ __ ___ ____ _______ ____ 354,804 25. 2 949, 25l 27. 5 3,574 89. 8 1,793 87. 7 7,71 5 26.0 61. 9 65, 713 38. 4 73,402 70. 6 352,294 26. 3 732,886 20. 2 233, 295 14. 2 213,258 23. 5 5<13, 75<1 28.1 398,0 29. 8 l, 558 89. 0 455 0. 2 3,681 03.1 33,617 40. 6 37, 157 70. 8 124, 730 27. 9 254, 125 20.0 l08, 91-1 15. 5 88. 431 26. 5 -19fi, 905 26.0 310,869 27. 4 l, 300 91. 0 769 94. 8 2,462 62. 2 19, 476 38. l 22,000 69. 0 120,515 27. 9 253,004 20.8 68, 737 13. 9 76,373 21.6 410, 076 23. 1 240,294 23. 6 7IO 87. 7 569 84. 2 1,572 58. 7 12, 620 33. 1 14, 245 71.1 107, 049 22. 6 2'25, 757 19. 6 55,644 ll. 8 4 ,- 454 21.0 446, 403 24. 4 254,370 26. 3 781 04. 4 599' I, 443 77. l 66. 3 9,291 36. 1 18,870 76. 9 110,550 24.1 260, 765 10. 7 60, 241 14. 2 44, 194 24. 4 418,549 21. 9 229,255 23.3 479 88.9 462 81. 2 1, 149 62. I 6,962 33. 2 12, 064 72. 7 96, 775 22. 2 259,543 18. 1 70,71 1 13. 0 41. 115 25. 6 I , 450, 035 GROUP ll 89 cities, 100,000 to 250,000; total popnlation .12,563,000: Offenses known ________ ___ ________ __ ______ ______ Percent cleared by arrest____ ___ ______ ____ _______ GROUP Ill 209 cities, 50,000 to 100,000; t otal population 14,403,000: Offenses known _________________ ___________ __. __ Percent cleared by arrest_____ _____ ______________ �r Table 8 .- 0.ffe n ses Kno w n and Pe rcen t Clea red by Arres t , 1965, by l'opuln lion C rou.ps- Cont inue d [1065 estimated popula tion] C rimin al hom..icidc C rime P opula tion grou p Grnnd total ind ex tota l Murder .. Man- Fo rcible and non- sla ughte r neg ligent man - Ilohhery rnpe by negligence Aggrn,,ated assault n urglnrybreak- La rcen y- theft $50 nnd i ng or en te rin g T otal Auto theft over sla ugh te r - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - - GROUP I V 416 cit ies, 25,000to 50,000; total popula tion 14,503,000 : Offenses known- - - ---- - - -- --- --- ---- - -- - ----- - -Percent cleared IJy a rrest __ ___ -- --------- 9,955 75. 4 81, 2ifl 23. 2 242,544 19. 1 65,261 12. G 30,556 28. 3 2,420 36. 9 8. 248 7fi. 3 fi0. 034 22. 6 181. 565 18. 7 40,820 13. 7 18. 215 34. 9 347 79. 3 R!R 44. 0 4,073 83. fi 2q,4 1R 24 . 7 79. 4l6 22. 2 19, 137 17. I 7,4fifi I, 0~9 7, . 5 3. 7,11 11, RI0 35. 5 25. ,% 2 fi6. n no.434 ,iao, 48n 147, 847 12. il Bfi,4~9 30. I i40 fill.fl I. 294 I, 538 4~. 3 7,008 74 . 2 370. 829 22. 7 193. 174 23. 8 44 1 9 1. 4 907 69. 6 4. 778 8G. 0 372 27 1, r,55 22. 9 130, 725 25. fl 2i8 89. 6 185 95. I 710 70. 3 120, i70 2(i. 11 fi0, 397 29. I 13R 92. 0 94 RO. 4 820,904 21. i 47,. 176 23. 3 9R3 90.1 14~.%R 102, 470 31. 3 512 8,i 7 35. 6 GROUP V 817 cities, 10,000 lo 25,000; total population 12,728,000: Offenses kno ,rn ______ ____ _____ _____ ________ _____ Percent cleared by a rrest_ ____________ _____ ____ __ GROU P VI 1,200 ci l ies unde r 10,000; tot~! popul ation 6,906,000: Offe nses k n ow n ___ __ ___ ____ ___ - ---I'e rcen t cleared by nrrcsL _______ ----- 4 1. g SURVR RA.'J' A REA I 1,411 agencies ; tota l popu lation 37,951,000: Offenses kn own ______ ___ __________ Percent cleared IJy a rrest_ _________ ___

fi<l. 9 2!. 4 17. 5 53. /i29 2(i. 7 75,481 21. 6 RCRAI. AREA 620 agencies; total popula tion 15,761,000: Offen~cs known _____ __________ __ _ _____________ P e rcent clea red fly arrest. _________________ -- -- 1 Agencies 2~. ~ nncl populntion rc prcse ntcn i.n s u!Jurhnn a rea a rc a lso rcprcsc11Lerl in otl1c r dly ~roups . f,7, 9 29. 733 21. 3 , 758 47. 3 �T ab]e 9. - 0.ffe n ses Kn own and Pe rce nt Cleared by Arrest, 1965, by Geograp hic D iv is ions (1 965 est imated populat ion] Larceny-theft Crimin al h omicide Geographic division Grand total Cri me index total Forcible Robbery Murder M anrape ond non- slau ghte r negligent by neg111 a n ligca cc slau gh t er Aggravated assaul t Bu rgla rybrea king or entering $50 and 'l'otal Anto t heft over TOTAL , ALL DIVISIONS 2,784 cities; total population 99,846,000 : Offenses know n ____ __ ________ _______ __ _________ P ercent clear ed by arrest_ _____ ______ ____ ________ 498,465 13. 9 41, 697 21. 6 78, 497 19. 5 25, 171 16. 7 3 1, 709 23. 6 31,025 69. 3 139,210 24. 7 284, 185 16. l 126,1 87 13. 0 82,5 18 21. 2 31, 153 36. 3 27,801 73. 1 140,000 26. 0 392, 785 20. 5 90, 759 16. 0 85, 96 5 28. 3 940 64. 3 0, 153 32. 1 6, 932 72. 1 57, 774 26. 5 160,261 20. 7 32,269 13. 7 23,083 27. 4 1, 410 69. 7 II , 862 38. 7 25, 005 77. 6 91, 032 24 . 6 199, 121 21. 0 5 , 154 13. 9 34, 988 28. 2 3, 605 85. 3 12, 271 64. 0 89, 982 37. 6 126, 612 72. 9 105, 224 23. 6 159 8 1. 8 209 77. 0 3i l o. 3 2,462 36. 7 3,655 78. 1 560, 38 1 23. 2 401, 766 24. 9 I, 195 85. 9 617 7 .I 2,766 GS. 5 18, 865 38. 8 682, 961 25. 9 3 0, l i9 28. 9 l , 157 92. 5 756 86. 6 3, 344 59. 5 255, 738 24. 6 127,505 26. 7 354 90. 1 24 1 86. 7 365,009 27. 6 223,566 29. 7 1, 11 5 94. 0 476 96. 0 1, 817, 172 26. 3 158, 759 22. 8 N E W ENGLA ND STATES - - -- ---- - -- - 258 cities; total population 7,241,000: Offenses known ____ ____ ___ __ ____ _____ ____ ____ ___ P ercent cleared by arrest_ _____ _________ _________ 354, 80 25. 729, 347 1, 756, 719 19. 6 24. 7 5,69 1 90. 5 3, 078, 931 24. 6 MIDDLE ATLA NTIC STATE S 585 cities; total population 23,118,000: Offenses known ___ __ _________ ___ __ ____ __________ Percent cleared by arrest_ ___ ___ __ _____ __________ EAST N ORTH-CEN TR AL STATE S 651 cities; total population 22,131,000: Offenses known _____ __ __ ______ __ __ ______________ P ercent cleared by arrest_ __ _________ ____________ WE ST N ORTH CEN TR AL STATES 309 cities; total population 7,855,000 : 0 IIenses known ____ __ _____ ___ ____ __ ____ _______ __ Percent cleared by arrest __________ ____ ___ _______ SOUTH ATLAN TI C STATES 241 cities; total populat ion 10,309,000 : Offenses known _____________ ____ __ _______ _______ Percent cleared by arrest ___ _______ _____________ _ �r-' 0 Table 9.- 0.ffe n ses Kno w n and Percent C leare d by Arrest, 1965, by Geographic D ivis ions- Con t inued 0 (1965 esLirnatcd populaL ion] C rimina l homicid e Geographic d ivision Grand t otal Crime index t otal ~lurdcr and nonneglige nt n1anslau gh te r Man sla ught cr b y n cg ligc11cc L a rcen y-t heft F orcib le Robber y rape Aggravatcd nssnult Bu rglnr ybrea kin g or e nterin g T ota l Auto theft $50 a nd over

---- - - -EAST SO UTH CE NTB:AL STATES

85 cit ies; t ota l population 3,828,000: Offenses known . ... . ... . ....... ... .. ___ _____ _. __ Percent cleared by ar rest_ __ __ ___________ ______ __ 105,097 22. 9 69,058 24. 2 382 91.1 202 78. 7 391 66. 8 2, 101 35. I 4. 869 71. 0 31. 575 20. 6 54,925 18. 5 19,088 15. 6 10, (i52 22. 7 299,924 27. 6 lfi3, 503 29. l 757 OJ. 5 427 97. 7 !, 030 fi , 101 44. 3 13, R95 75. 4 7(1, 002 63. 9 25. 9 174, 543 23. 6 3R, !i09 17. 1 27, 079 25. 2 15'1, 5fl0 22. 3 77, 905 24. l l59 96. 2 J52 72. 4 532 fi l. 3 2, 457 40. 7 3. 732 73. 4 33, 243 24. l lO\, 192 JR 4 24, (i80 12. 4 13, 102 2fi. 5 496, 493 21. g 2fi8, 40R 22. 2 413 88. 4 425 80. 0 I , 487 R, 828 37. R I n. riaR n1. n 11 s . 72,1 I 3 11 ,210 23. 8 18.f> 83, 648 10., WE ST SOUTH CENTRAL STATES 181 cities; total popula tion 9,405,000 : Offenses kn own_ ---------- - --------------- -- __ Percent cleared by arrest . .. ____ __ ___ ___ ___ _____ MOUKTAIN STATES 139 cities; t otal population 4,084,000: Offenses known _________________ ____ __ __ Percent cleared by a rrest ____ _____ __ ___ ___ :_: :: :: PACffl C STATES 335 cities; total popula tion 11 ,873 000: Offenses known _____ __ ____ __'___ ____ ----·· · · -·· Percen t cleared by a rrest . _________ _

--- -- -

56. 3 I I 4:,, 70, 24. �T able 10. - Ojfenses Cleared by A rre st of Persons Under 18 Years of Age [Percent of total cleared ; 1965 estimated population] Larceny- theft Criminal homicide Population group Grand total Crime inrlex totnl M urder ManForcible Robbery rape nnd non- slaughter by negnegligent ligence manslaughter Aggravated assault Burglarybreaking or entering T otal $50 and Auto theft over - -- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- TOTAL CITIES 2,642 cities ; total population 90,434,000 : Total clearances __ __ ____ __ _______ ___ ___ __ ________ Percent under 18_ - ---- - -- - ----- - - -- ---- --- - - -- - - 81, 065 9. 1 159, 719 37. 4 306, 237 43. 7 60, 444 24. 5 75, 07 48. 22. 3 43, 168 9.0 78, 355 3l. 8 121,492 38. 8 26,908 18. 9 39, 065 46. 4 1,549 14. 9 7,120 19. 7 18, 761 8. 4 24, 07'1 20.4 31, 1 0 33. 1 12,267 12. 0 13, 690 28. 3 698 4. 2 I , 488 13. 3 7,296 26.1 14,988 9. 7 32,324 36. 3 50,832 39. 7 8,730 24. 9 15, 981 5.5. 3 551 4. 0 450 4. 2 849 12. 0 3, 756 19. 5 9,4 19 8.8 21,957 37. 6 39, 480 42. 2 5. 91 1 24. 4 9, 394 57. 6 61,238 30. 5 647 4. 0 6. 4 392 850 14. 6 2, 954 15. 9 13, 542 8. 0 24, 431 39. 5 47,871 41. 3 9, 016 26. 9, 798 50. 1 48,963 33. 2 385 4. 2 353 5. 4 664 13. 7 2. 138 16. 5 8,229 10. 8 19, 745 40. 0 43, 767 43. 9 8. 510 28. 5 9, 292 49. 2 2, 597 5. 4 6, 736 14. 1 25, 950 20. 7 1,304 4. 5 3,886 13. 7 IS, li2 1, 014 5. 1 156 7.1 SI, 967 32.1 l , 160 5. 0 85, 856 37. 3 51,837 3 2. 4 100,485 35. 9 84,573 39. 1 661, 865 36. 8 413,475 30. 2 4,483 4. 6 308, 167 32. 1 212,279 26. 7 2,725 97,544 23. 0 78,475 17. 2 124, 767 35. 6 GROUP I - --- - --- = 49 ci~es ~ver 250,000; total population 33,826,000: P~;~e;f143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)e1t: :: : : : : -- -: : : ::: : : : : : :: : : : : : :-4 cities over 1,000,000; total population 12,611 ,000: -i~;~itei~ct'e;efs __-_-: _- - : : : ~-_-::::::::::::::: :: 18 cities, 500,000 to 1,000,000; total population 4. - - -- - - -- 11,742,000: i~:~it143.215.248.55;efs::::::::::::::: ::::: : :::: : :::::: 27 cit ies, f5~,000 to 500,000; total population 9,474,000: i~;~e;te:n°tl!;ek::: :::::::: : : : : : ::::::::::::::: GROUP II so0~/es, 100,000 to 250, 000; total population 11 ,222,Total clearances __ ______ _______ _______ _____ ___ ___ Percent under 18 _______ _______ __ ___ ___ _____ ___ __ GROU P IIl 193 cities, 50,000 to 100,000; total population 13,334,000: . Total clearances _____ ___ __ ___ ______ ___ __ __ _______ P ercent under 18 __ _____ __ _____ ____ ___ _____ ____ __ �r Table 10.-0}Je n ses Cleared by Arrest nf Persons Un d er 18 Yea rs nf Age-Co n tinued [P ercent or t otal clea red; 1905 estima ted popula tion] ' riminal homi cide Popula tion group (l ranrl tota l C rime index t otal A ggrn- ~lu rcler a nrl nonneg li gent lllflll - sla ugh te r Ma nslnug htor h y ncglig-cncc F orcihlo ra pe

- - - - -

R ohhery va tocl assa ul t n urg!a rybrea ki ng or enterin g L a rcen y- theft Tota l ,, 50 a nd over Auto theft - -- - - - - - -- - - -- - - - - - GROUP I V 374 cities , 25,000 to ,50,000; tota l populat ion 13,052,000: Tot al clearances . ___ ____ __ ___

- ----·-- --Percent under 18 ____ __

--- ---- --- 77, 115 44. 2 41, fl4 4 35. 1 3fi5 4. 7 299 5. 0 585 16. 6 1,503 17.8 6. 797 8. 9 17, 182 44. 4 42, 555 50. 6 7, 383 28. I 7. 829 50.3 fi O, 45fi 45. 3 32, 45 1 3(i. 9 24 1 4. l rn1 481 14. 8 853 10. 2 19. 2 6, 007 10. I 13. 242 46. 8 33,293 51. 2 5,455 30. 8 6, 112 53. 0 31, 060 46. 4 If>, 000 38. 7 120 3. 3 82 6. I 270 14. J 330 18. 2 3, 2fi2 IO. I 6, 7fi4 51. 3 17, 250 52. 0 3, 172 35. 2 2, OR2 l.i 7, .17P. 30. 7 flfi, '.W:2 33. I , 44 P. ! 3 a. o ., . 7 2, Ofi9 lfi . 2 3, 401 t.,. R 14,037 JI. I 41, (i(i ~ 40. 2 i7, 291 4.,. a lfi, 7RR 27. 2 17. .1.;.; 4,i. 7 30,6 10 31. 2 W, , I i 301 30. ,; 304 fi,f, 2. 0

9,5

14. 5 fif, 10. 0 4, 7(;0 7. 2 13, 357 40. 7 Iii, 4fi0 30. l s, o.;2 23. 1 3, 7R. 44. 8 GRO OP V 792 cities , I 0,000 to 25,000 ; t o tal popul a tion 12,349,000: T o tal cleara nces ____ . ____ ____ ________________ --P ercent u nder 18 ____ ___ _____ -- - ---- -- - ··G RO UP VJ 1,1 54 cities un der 10,000; t ot a l popul a t ion fi ,651,000 : 1' otal clearan ces ___ ______________ ___ -Percent u nde r 18 __ __ ··-- 51. 2 SU R UnR ..\ N A REA I l ,321 agcn eies ; t ot al popul a t ion 33 , lfi l ,000 : T ot a l clea m n ccs __ __ _ -P e rcent under 18. -- --------

Rl'RA L AREA 585 agen cies ; t otal popu la tion 11,11,i,000: 'l.'otal clea ran ces . ___ _____ -· -- --------------P erce nt unde r 18 ___ --- ----1 Age n cies a n cl popula t ion re presenter! in subu rba n a rea a rc a lso re presen te d in ot her ci Ly g- ro u ps. " �Table IL-Disposi tion of Persons Formally Charge d by the Police, 1965 [1,781 cities; 1965 estimated popul at ion 57,761,000] Percent of persons charged Ch arged (held for prosecu· tion ) Offen se TOTAL . ...... . ... . . . . .... .. . ... ... _ orrense charged Acquitted or dismissed Lesser offen se 67. 5 I , 997 797 3,386 14, 655 3 1, 275 69,242 152, 968 39, 794 35. 4 30. 7 34. 0 34. 9 24.8 38.3 3 14, 11 4 32. 6 87,294 2,048 9,754 18,864 2,626 50. 5 5. 7 1. 6 6. 6 4. 5 7. 4 8. 1 9. 2 2. 1 11. 3 1. 5 .5 14. 6 15. 2 2. 7 2, 058, 42 1 Referred to ju ven ile cour t j=====f=====•l===,,;;;~ I===~~!===~~ Criminal hom icide : (a) Guilty M urder and no11.11egligent man· Forl ti;le~;~l143.215.248.55 ~te{by.negligen ce :: : : ::: ~;ii~i~=: :::::::::::::::::: :: :: f~~r~e;:ite~· rurglary-breaking or entering .. A~~';ri;till:l~~::::·............ ·::::: :::::== Subtotal for abo ve offenses .. ..... . . . Other assaults ~~son. _. . . . . . :::: : ::: : :::: :::: : ::::::::::: Fr143.215.248.55[Y and counterfeiting . .. . . . .. .... ... . Embezzle.rne"i,;t .......... . . ............... . Stolen propert:1,:;. bu ~ing: ·pcis: · y·~g.-~ecei .............::::::::::::::::::: Prear,ons; carry in g, possessin g, etc ________ _ ~;~~i~m 1tut10n and commerciali zed vice .. . . . . 8exosoITenses . . .. ... .. . ... ... . ........ . .... . drug laws ........ . ..... . ....... . : a!;,t;g;~ st ·an ci"ci1iici.ren::: g'V;h~

e143.215.248.55;s::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::

sorderl y cond uct .. ........ .. ...... .... . . A~g~:~irorrenses:: ::::: :::::::: :: ::::: :::: grr~n ses ! ga in tiie·frunily Lnvmg un der the influence . . .. ... ...... . 0 1 44. 7 21. 5 17. 5 61. 9 70. 6 70. 3 38. 5 22. 2 57. 4 69. 2 54. 7 46. 5 55. 4 62. 9 78. 6 65.3 89. 2 73. 9 76. 6 50. 4 7,304 29,546 20,825 9,042 23, 149 16,545 36, 471 21, 604 94,937 76, 9 5 753,577 255,333 52,044 226,359 32. 5 19. 1 34. 9 16. 2 13. 0 11. 8 7. 0 8. 4 23 . 4 34. 2 14. 8 51. 4 45. 1 60. 6 6. 6 16. 4 44.3 3. 7 4. 5 10. 6 3. 9 3. 6 33. 3 10. 9 17. 4 22. 6 21. () 12. 4 67. 1 10. 1 2. 8 29. 1 18. 2 20.2 24. 9 16. 8 38. 0 34. 4 28. 4 9. 6 14. 9 9. 4 17. 0 17. 0 17. 0 26. 6 58.0 15. 8 1. 3 21. 1 7. 3 1. 0 6. 6 30.1 18. 2 JO. 5 13. 4 12. 7 15. 4 7. 5 3. 6 6. 2 45. 7 .6 1. 5 1. 1 4.. 5 •G 18. 4 1.0 8. 5 4. 9 31. 5 Table 12. -0.ffenses Known, Cleared; Persons A rrested , Charged and Disposed of in 1965 [1,657 citi es; 1965 estimated population 56,554,000] T y pe TOTAL

Murder

a nd non· negligent man- sla ugbter Auto tbeft - -- - - --- --- --- ---- -981,1 89 192,209 387, 538 99,217 25. 6 184,670 18. 8 20,904 41,462 81, 325 48,40 1 4, 708 185, 497 3, 177 47. 8 362 19. 6 3,380 71. 8 1,028 39. 9 447 17. 3 14,606 69. 9 4,931 51. 3 1,852 19. 3 31,007 74. 8 10,680 40. 6 4, 744 18. 0 68,430 84 . l 16, 838 50. 8 5, 098 15. 4 151, 482 1,987 62. 5 39,204 81.0 8,347 602 32. 6 J39 7. 0 ] , 104 42. 8 801 23. 7 2,825 29. 4 4,998 34. 2 10,8 1 41. 4 4,702 15. 2 11, 191 33.8 35,303 51. 6 19, 760 23. 9 68,635 45. 3 385, 474 Total persons cha rged ...... . . Percent of arrests . . . ....... Ad ul ts guiJLy . ...... . .... . . . . Percent of charged . ........ Ad ul ts guil ty of lesser oITense. Percent of charged . .. .. . ... Adu lts acq uitted or dismissed . . . ..... . .. . . -·· Percent of charged . .. . ...•. Referred to juvenile court. . . . Percent of charged .. .. . . ... 310, 096 80. 4 100, 364 29. 7 138, 329 44. 6 Bur· Lar· glarybreak· ceaytbeft ing or entering 66,0 12 48,087 72. 8 ARRESTS ... . . .. . .............. 51, 031 Aggra· vated assault 41, 762 16,055 38. 4 3,01 5 2,709 89. 9 20. 372 ·11. 9 cible rape Rob· bery 6,349 4, 163 65. 6 074 gienses knowu ................ 1, 678, 534 eases cleared . __ . . .. _....•... 403,24. 0 Percent cleared .. ... . ... . .. 58. 4 For- 884 81. 7 57,656 69. 6 5, 43 1 6. 6 48,633 25. 3 54. 0 2,438 15. 8 4, 668 30. 2 23,75 1 60. 6 �Table 13 . -Police- Dispos i t ion of Ju venile Offe n d e r s Take n Into Cus tody , 1965 (1965 estim ated p opulation] P op ula t ion gro u p T ota l 1 H a ndled w ith in depar t me n t and released Referr ed t o juYeni le cour t j urisd ict ion R eferred towelfa re agen cy R e ferred t o other poli ce age n cy Referr ed to criminal or ad ul t cour t TOTAL 2,877 agen cies; total population 95,096,000 : Nu mber . . . .. ·--·· ---- ---· - __ ·- __ __· - --- 833, 507 389,278 383,875 24, 146 22. 114 2 100. 0 P ercen t.. .· - ··-·---· - · · - - - -·- · -· - --· -·-· 46. 7 46. 1 2. 9 2. 7 TOTAL CITIES i====ii====cJ= ===i=====I== = = 2,294 ag~n cies; total population 76,144,000: Nnm ber .... - ·- ·. __· - · - --- - --·-- · ·-· - ·-· P ercent --- -··- -· --- ----- -··-·. ·- -. - . ·-- 741. 353 100. 0 348, 827 47. 1 339. 651 45 . 8 22. 865 261, 195 100. O 100, 532 38. 5 139. 911 53. 6 99,671 100. 0 48, 731 48. 9 J OI , 630 100. O 19, 674 14. 094 l. i

Contents

1 = 2 3 = = = =1====1==== = = = =1====1== 4 == =11, 5 =0 1= = = =1= = 6 - --=== 7 = 8 = 9 ==i=== = i= =

9.1 = ,[= = 9.2 ==

= 2. 7 10. 336 1. 4 15,862 6. 1 3, 798 l. 092 44. 649 44. 8 I. 4 15 I. 4 2,950 3. 0 1.926 I. g 55. 531 54. 6 39, 848 39. 2 2, 111 2. 1 3, 404 3. 3 i3 ti 115. 831 100. 0 59. 669 51. 5 48, 640 42. 0 1, 442 1. 2 4, 072 3. 5 2, 00~ l. 'i 104. 949 100. 0 55, 105 52. 5 42, 594 40. 6 1, ~65 1. 2 3,564 3. 4 2. 421 24, 009 41. 3 77 0 1. 3 1, 886 3. 2 2, 153 7,9 12 3. G 3, 387 1. 5 1, 237 2, 7 fi 8. 3 3. 1 GHOUP I 39 cit ies o,·er 250,000; popula ti on 31,1 i7,000: N umber. . . . - -- -- - - ____ ·- . . -- - - - - -- · - --P ercent .. . . .. . -- . --·-·· · - · . ·- · --- ·--- -- . 1. 5 .4 GROU P JI 58 cit ies, 100,000 t o 250,000; populat ion 7,850,000 : N umber ... . - . - -- ___ _·- ____. ____ ____-- - _ Percen t . ..... ·- . - . - _- -- - - - - __ - - - _- - - . -- _ GROU P Ill 137 cities, 50,000 t o 100,000; p op u la ti on 9,456,000: N u m ber . .. . - - -· ·-·- ···· - - -- - - -- - --- -- P er cent_ __·------------·---- - - - -- -- -- · · GROUP IV 319 cit ies, 25,000 to 50,000 ; pop ul at ion 11 ,059,000: N um ber. ____ ·------ · - - -- -------- - ----· Percen t_ _. __ _.. __ . __ . __ ._ . .. _. ______ ..• GHOU i' V 688 cit ies, 10,000 to 25,000; pop ula t io n 10,571,000: N umber _____ _______ _____ ___ ___________ Percent_ _. __ __ . _____ . - -- - - -- _. __.. _. __. GROUP V I 1.053 cities und er 10,000; pop u lation 6,03 1,000: N um ber_. __ . ____ ___ ______ _____ ·------ 1~erccnt ________ __ ___________ _________ __ 58, 077 100. 0 29, 259 50. 4 SUBU RBAN A RE A 3 1,163 agen cies ; pop ul a tion 26,222,000: N um ber . _______ ___ __ ___ ____ ____ _______ P er cent . • - - - - --- -- - --- - -- ------- - - - ---- 220. 293 100. O 124, 0 3 56. 3 82, 769 37. 6 2.142 . 1. 0 33. 425 100. 0 9.8% 29. G 18. 846 56. 4 661 R U RAL AR EA 494 agen cies ; p opu la tion 8,806,000: N u mber __________ ______ ____ __ . _______ _ Percen t __ ______ ___ ___ ___-- -- - - --- -- -- - 1 2 8 2. 0 3. 7 I n cludes an offenses except t ra ffi c an d n eglect cases. Becau se of r oundi n g, the p er cen t ages m ay n ot add to t o t a l. A gencies and pop ulat ion r epr esente d i n s u b ur b a n ar ea a r c a lso included in oth er ci ty gr o u ps . 104

.!. 3

3. 7 �Table 14 . - 0jfense Analysis, T rends, 1964- 65; Percent Distribution a n d A v erage Value [646 cities 25,000 and over; 1965 estima ted population 75,400,000] N u mber of o!Ienses C lassification Percent change 1964 itobben ·: Percent d is tri bution 1965 1965 A verage \· nluC' I TOTAL ___ __- - - - -- -- - - - - --- - - - - --- - - - - - - - -- 82, 938 85, 999 + 3. 7 100. 0 $254 Highway ____ __ ________ __________ __ __ ___ _---Commercial house __________ ____ ________ ___ -Gas or service station ___ ____ __ ______ ____ ____ _ Chain store ______ ___ __ ____ ___ ___ ------- -- - - - Residence ___ ____ _____ ____ __ ___-- -- --- - -- -- -- 42, 718 + 3.4 + 1. 2 + s. 4 + 7.3 + 1. 3 +19. 0 +8.o 51. 4 20. 2 4, 660 2,200 7, 6 8 659 7. 888 44, 164 H,337 5, 050 2,360 7. 788 784 8. 51G 11 3 41 1 109 809, 821 834, 603 + 4. 1 Rank ___________ __ ________ __ ____ ___ _____ ___ _ Miscella neous ______ _________ _____ _---- - ---- - B urglary- breaking or e ntering : TOTA L __ ___ -- - -- - - - - ---- - -- --- - - ----- --- - - 17. 125 5. 9 2. 7 534 I .9 9. U 391 3, 789 203 100. 0 242 u. l== = = ,l=====l====I=== Residence

________ ____________ . N ight_ (d\\·elling)

____ ________ Uay ___ _______ _____ ______ _______________ _ N onresiclence (store, omce, etc.) : >l - - -- ---- - - --___ - - -____ - - - -____ - - - --- - - -- ---Daight_ y ____- -____________

150,390 136. 034 152. 758 lGl , 119 +7.1 + 12.3 25. 4 24. 1 247 274 293,937 29. 460 291, 230 29. 496 - .9 +. 1 45. 9 4. G 223 231 Larceny-theft (except a uto theft , i.Jy va lue) : I.=433, I. 438,==l,= 341 - .3 100. 0 ,===8=4 TOTAL __ __ _____ _____ _____ _____ ______ ______ l=== =647 = = ==-'-143.215.248.55=-=-=~1 $50 a nd over_ _______ ______ ____ _____ ______ __ 432, 866 414,310 + 4.5 30. 2 236 773,341 - 1.l 781, 814 53. 0 23 $5 to $50. _________ - ___- --- - - - --- - -------- - - -227. 440 242. 217 G. l 15. 0 2 Under $5 __ - - -- ____ - - - - - - - -- - -- -- - - - -------- Larcen y- theft (by t y pe) : -.3 1,433, 647 1,438, 341 100. 0 l====8=4 TOTAL __ ___ _____ _______ __ ___ ____ __ ______ __ l=====l=====l====l==== 14, 006 13, 692 +2.3 l.O Pock et-picking __ __ _____ - -- -- - - --------- - - - -I ~~ - .8 24,0ll 24, 205 I. 7 P urse-snatching. __- - ---- - - - - - - -- ----- - -- - - -11 2,361 106, 515 +5. 5 7. 8 7 Shop lifting_. -- ----- - ----- - -.- - -- - -- - -- - - - -- -1 - 2.0 279, 717 19. 5 2 5t 470 From a utos (except accessories) __ ___ ________ _ 20. 2 289, 711 288, 722 +.3 Auto accessories. ______ - - ---- - --- - - - ------- - ·

- 2. 5 221,425 15. 4 227, 170 io ¥143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)1G1:i1,1ini:s~~==:: ____________ :::::::: ::::: From coin operated maclnnes____ ___ ____ _____ All others. __ _____ - --- - - - - --- - -- - - --- - --- - - - - 241, 695 38,772 '.ll 2. 091 262, 958 24, 03 205. 420 +8.s -38. 0 -3. l 18. 3 1. 7 14. 3

g

159 1 AULo theft_ _-- -- --- _--- - - - - - - --- ----- - - - - - -- - - -- - --- - ---- -- -- -- - - - ------ - - --------- -- -- -- -- -- I. 030 ' Because of rou nding t ile percentages may not acid to total. Tab]e 15 .- Typ e a nd Va.lu e of Prop e rty Stolen and Recove re d, 1965 (G46 cit ies 25,000 a nd over; 1965 est imated populat ion 75,400,000) Value of p roperty '!'y pe of p roperty Stolen Percent recove red Recovered 8629, 700,~=l 000 =8324, 000 ' i=== = 52 T OTAL ___ ___ ________ _______ _______ ____ ___________ __ ____ __ l= ~= = 500,

0 Currency , notes, etc _- _- - -- - - - - -- ---- - --- ------- - ___ _________ .Jewelry preciou s 1net als _- - -__- ___ - - -____________ - - - ---- - -- - -_-- __ ____ ______ _ F u rs ____and _______ __ __ __ __ ________ __ : __ ___ _______ : Cloth mg _____- ----- - ----- --- -- - - - --Locall y stolen a u tomol11les .. - - - -- - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - _____ _ Miscellaneous ___- --- - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - -- - - 6 1, 700, 000 52, 200, 000 13. 100, 000 5, 600, 000 3, 500, 000 600, 000 9 7 5 25, 100, 000 332, 900, 000 144. 700, 000 2, 500, 000 290, 000, 000 22,300, 000 10 87 15 105 221-746° -00- -s �Table 16 . -Murd e r Vic ti,ns - W eapons Used, 1965 Weapons N um b er A ge Gun TOTAL. . . . . -- 8,773 P er cenL ...... ... . . . .. 5, 015 57. 2 C u tt in g or sta bb ing B lu nt Personal object weapons (clu b , (stranPoison hammer, gula t ions et c.) and beatings) E xp\o. 20 .2 5 .1 2, 02 1 23. 0 505 5. 8 894 10. 2 sives Oth er (dr ownings, arson , etc.) 226 2. 6 U n. known a nd no t staLed 87 1. 0

= = =1====1==== = = = =1====1=

Infa nt (un der 1) . . . . 11 6 1-4 . . . · - · · ···· · · · · ·-198 5-9 . .. . . ... . . ... .. - .. 121 10-14.. .. ... -··-- · · · · 97 620 15-19 . . . . . . -.... . . . . . ?0-?4 . .. .. · - - · ··- - · ·- 1,062 25-29 . . . . · - ··· --··· ·· · l , 128 30-34 . ... . ·-- ·· · · · · · · 1,008 35-39 . .. . .. . . · - · -· · ·- 1, 029 40-44 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 888 45-49 .... .. ... . . . - . . . 694 50-54· ·· · ·- ·· ·-- ·· · · · 529 55-59.. . . .. . ... . ·- · .. 384 60-64. .. . .... . . ·- -· -276 65-69 . . . . ... _. . . ..... 172 70-74.... ..... ..... .. 130 75a nd o,,er. .. . .. _. _ U nknown ... . ...... 7 25 43 45 383 G90 747 628 615 5328 95 6 4 10 14 150 262 260 264 270 222 166 11 3 85 64 3 22 25 ~o~ 132 80 55 44 106 ~h 6 22 64 105 35 .. 17 37 48 55 60 78 69 70 58 45 41 23 29 52 8 11 10 29 37 39 35 33 50 44 50 40 29 25 17 22 6 4G 3 2 2 - - · -· - · · 1 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 · ···- · ···---··-· · -- · ·-· · · · --· 2 29 36 19 9 12 18 16 14 20 15 10 59 · ··-·- -· 1 ···-·- · · · ···-··- · · ·-· - · · · · · -·-·· ·· · -· - - · ···· · - - · 6 I 1 3 3 · ··-·- · · · - · - ·· - · l 4 l 2 6 6 9 5 10 3 6 9 5 4 4 6 2 4 Table 11 .- llfurde r V icti,ns by A g e, S e x, a n d Race, 1965 Sex A ge umber ~lale - = = = = = -1 1 - - - - -= - TOTAL. .... 8,773 ·-····-· P ercent .. ... ··- · ·· · · 1 100. 0 In fant (under 1) .. ~ 1-4 . . .. . .... . . .. . . 5- 9.14. .. ...... 10• •••• •. ...... • • •. •• 15- 19 ..... . ... . . . . 20-24.. . ... . ... . .. 25-29. . . . .... ... . . 30-34 . . . .. .. ...... 35-39.. . ... . . . . . .. 40-44 . . . . . .. .... .. 45-49 .... ·· · · · . . .. 50-54 . . . .. _... . ... 55-59.. . ... ... . . .. 60-64 . . . . .. .. . . . . . 65-69 . . . . . . ..... . . 70- 74 · · -· · · -······ 75 and over .. -.. .. U nkno w n __·· ··· · 198 l~~ !i20 1, 062 1, 128 1, 008 1, 029 888 694 529 384 276 172 130 148 173 R a ce Percent F em al e - - - -- 6, 539 74. 5 2, 234 25. 5 - ---;;- - - - ; - _ _ 3_9_ 2.3 95 103 66~ g~ i:{ 7.1 12.1 12. 9 11. 5 11. 7 10. l 7. 0 6. 0 4. 4 3.1 2. 0 1. 5 l.7 2.0 464 802 857 765 789 644 541 424 206 212 129 90 103 118 156 260 2il 243 240 244 153 105 88 64 43 40 45 55 White - - - 3, 970 45. 3 71 133 /6 V 264 460 409 394 394 380 327 263 217 1i 104 87 102 49 N egro - I ndia n 40 62 3397 .r a p a. nese A l l ot h ers (incl u <les race u nkn ow n ) - - - = = =·1 - -- - - -- - 4. 693 53. 5 Chin ese 51 .6 16 .2 6 .1 37 .4 1 - - - = = --1-~= = = 2 ····· ··· ··· · · ··· ·· ·· ·· i · ::::: ::: 1 2 3 · ·· ···:i· ···· ·· ·· · · · ·· ··· 7 1 ~ 6 2 8 1 2 9 1 1 3 2 2 3 2 1 1 2 4 I 2 · · ····· · ··· · · · ·· · · ·· ·· 1 .. · · · ·· ·· 3 1 347 592 709 604 620 500 363 262 162 95 66 39 3 ·- · ···· · 43 1 · ····· 2· 113 .. ... . . . · · ····-· ·· ·-· · ·- i 2 l 1 11 1 B ecau se of rounding t h e p ercen tages m a y not a dd to total. 106 �Arrest Data Tables in t he following sec tion pro ,id e cer tain perso nal charac teri stics of ind i,-iduals ar rested for all cr im inal ac ts. Arr es t r a tes a nd trends are shown for city, suburban a nd rural a reas, as well as the United Sta tes as a whole. T abulations are published containi ng characteristics of p er ons arres ted by age, sex a nd race. Arrest statistics are collected a nnu ally from contribu ting lnw enforcement agencies and t he figures used in t he tables this y ear were snbmi tted by agencies r ep resen ting 69 per ce nt of t he United S tfl te population . In using t hese arrest figu r es i t is impor tant to r em em ber that the same person may be arres ted se,-eral times during one :rea r for the same type or for different offe nses. Eac h arres t is co unt ed. FLffther, the arrest of one p erso n may soh -e se,-eral cr imes and, in ot her instances, two or more persons may b e arre ted during th e solution of one crime. Arrests are primarily a measure of pt)lice acti,-i. ty, as i t r elates to crime. Although police arrest practices rnry, par ticularly with respect to juYeniles, contributors to th is Program are ins tru cted to co unt one arrest each time an incfo-id ual is taken in to custody for committing a specific cr ime. A ju ,·enile i co unted as n, p erson arrested when he commits an offense a nd the cir cums ta nces ar e su ch that if the offender were n.n n.du l t, a n a rrest wou ld be made. Arrest data is primn,rily a measure of law enforce ment activity, but it does pro,·ide useful information on the charncteristics of p ersons arrested for criminal acts. It i a gauge of cri minali ty wh en used within its limitations as must be done wi th all forms of crimin al statistics ' includino· court and penal. b 107 �Table 18. - Arrests, N tunber a nd Rate, 1965, by Popula t ion G ro ups [Rate per 100,000; 1965 esLimatcd population] Cities O!Iense charged TOTAL (4,062 a ge ncies ; total 'population 134,095,000) Group II T otal city arrests Group I (54 cities (3,083 cities; over 250,000; (86 cities, 100,000 to 250,000; 40,IJ00,000) 12, 157,000) Grou p l lI (I93 cities, 50,000 to Other areas Group I V 100,000 ; (387 cities, 25,000 to 50,000; I 3,270,000) 13,427,000) Group V (884 cities, 10,000 to 25,000; population population popu lation popnJat ion popnJat ion popnJation 10 I,652,000) 13,626,000) Group VI (1,479 Submban area t (1,538 agencies ; cities under population 10,000; popnJation 33,874,000) Rural area (839 agencies; populntio n I ,515,000) 8,27 1,000) TOTAL_____ ______ ______ ___ _______ ___ __ ____ Rate per 100,000 inhabitants _____ ____ ___ Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonncgligcnt nrnnsluughter. Rate per 100,000 ____ ____ ______ ____ __ __ (b) M anslaughter by negligence ___ ________ ___ Rate per 100,000 __ ____ ________ _____ __ _ Forcible rape ___. __ ___ ______ ___ ______ _______ _____ R ate per 100,000 _____ ____ ___ __ __ __ ___ _____ ___ _ Robber y ______ _____ ___ __ __ ___ ________ __ __ ___ __ ___ R ate per 100,000 __ __ _____ _____ ________ ____ ___ _ Aggravated assault. ___ ___ ____ ___ ____ ___ __ _______ Ra te per 100.000 ____ ____ ___ ______ ___ ___ __ __ ___ Burglary-break ing or entering __ _____ ___ __ ______ Rate per 100,000 __ ______________ _____ ___ ______ Larceny-theft_ ___ ______ ___ ____ __ _______ __ __ ____ _ R nte per 100,000 ___ ____ _____ __ ___ ________ _____ Auto t heft. __ ____ _______ _________ _____ __ _____ ____ Rate per 100,000 __ ________ ___ _______ ______ ____ Subtotal for above ofYenses ____ ___ __________ Hate per 100.000 _______ ___ ____ __________ __ 0 th A 'ifJ!s~~-tfoo,iiii_~: : : :::: ________ ________ ____ _ po~-iiiii,ooo_---------:::::::::::::::::::: rs~ate- F' orger y and countcrfeiLing_________ _____ ___ ______ Rate per 100,000 __ ___ _____ __________ __________ F•raud __ _____ ___ ____ __ __ __ ___ ______________ ____ __ Rate per 100,000 ____ ___ ____ ____ ___ ________ ____ E' m bezzlement_ __ ______ ___ _________ _______ ___ ____ Rate per l00,000 ____ _________ ____ __ ____ _______ s lolen propcn y; buying. recci\'in g, possessing ____ lt atc prr 100,000 __ . _ __ _ ___ _ _ 4, 955, 047 3, 695. 2 4,401, 598 4, 330. 1 2, 128, 794 5, 204.8 598, 094 4,919. 6 487, 740 3, 675.4 476, 008 3, 545. 1 436, 348 3,202.4 7,348 5. 5 2, 815 2. l 10, 734 · 8. 0 45,872 34. 2 84,4 11 62. 9 197, 627 147. 4 383, 726 286. 2 101, 763 75. 9 0, 144 0. 0 . 1, 822 1. 8 8, 035 8.5 42, 134 41. 4 73,606 72. 4 162,281 159. 6 338,543 333. 0 89,095 7. 0 4, 0 7 LO. 0 707 l. 7 5,526 13. 5 30,906 75. 6 42,493 103. 9 84,268 206. 0 142,361 348. l 46,449 11 3. 6 744 0. I 294 2. 4 947 7. 8 3,866 31. 8 9,619 79. l 19, 57 161.0 ,Ji, 034 386. 9 II , 551 95. 0 438 3. 3 271 2. 0 747 5. 6 2,869 21. 6 6, 155 46. 4 17, 01 134 . 1 •13,431 327. 3 10, 143 76. 4 420 3. l 263 2. 0 623 4. 6 2, 336 17. 4 5, 990 44. 6 17,079 127. 2 46,27 1 344. 6 9,320 69. 4 303 180 I. 3 504 3. 7 I, 472 10. 8 5, 888 43. 2 14, 575 107. 0 38, 778 28·1. G 7,059 56. 2 152 1. 8 107 l. 3 2 8 3. 5 6 5 8. 3 3,46 1 41. 8 8, 980 108.6 20,668 249. 9 3,973 48. 0 12,325 654 3. 5 615 3.3 1, 084 5. 9 1,423 7. 7 5,447 36. 4 37,977 11 2. l 77, 749 229. 5 18, 799 55. 5 18, 976 102. 5 21, 40[ 115. 6 6, ll 8 33. 0 834, 296 622. 2 722. 260 710. 5 356, 797 872. 4 93,633 770.2 81, Sii5 GIG. 8 82, 302 613. 0 69,359 509. 0 38,3 14 463. 2 155. 433 458. 9 55, 718 300. 9 207,615 154. 8 6, 187 4. 6 30, 617 22. 8 52, 007 38. 8 7, 674 5. 7 19, 060 14. 2 180,531 177. 6 4,9 12 4. 8 23,053 22. 7 37, 144 36. 5 5, 3l0 5. 2 16,434 81,25 1 198. 7 2, 227 5. 4 9, 204 27. 423 225. 6 518 4. 3 3,699 30. 4 6,384 52. 5 1, 092 9. 0 2, 077 17. I 22, 034 166. 0 60 1 4. 5 3,006 22. 7 11,550 3,1, 3 509 3. 8 1, 520 20. 542 153. 0 570 4. 2 3,275 24. 4 5,282 39. 3 1,005 18,804 l38. 4 603 10, 4l 7 126. 0 393 1 l. 5 12 , fi Ill . 2 22. ,'i 14,313 35. 0 !, 839 4. 5 8,89 1 21. 7 7. 5 l , 687 2. 2 4.4 2,629 19. 3 4, <133 32, 5 653 4. 8 I. 37 1 10. I 274,614 3, 320. 3 4. 1, 240 15. 0 2. 182 26. 4 212 2. G 888 10. 7 751, 031 2. 217. 1 95 1 2. 8 709 2. 1 1, 801 5. 3 5, 122 15. 1 37. 729 111.4 l. 592 4. 7 5, 685 16.8 11 , 439 33. 8 2, 135 6. 3 3, l8'1 9. -I 294, 773 1, 592. l 29.4 11,540 62. 3 644 3. 5 4,897 26. 4 8, 769 47. t I 1.103 6. 0 1, 4U! ; 7. (u �Vandalism _____ ____ . ___ . ___ ___ . ___ ______ __. ___. _. W Rate per 100,000_____ ________ __ ______ ___ __ ___ __ eapons; carrytn g, possessing, etc __ ____ _________ Rate per 100,000. __ _____ __ ________ ___ _________ Prostitution and commercialized vice ____ ____ __ __ Rate per 100,000___ ___ __ ___ __ _____ ___ ____ _____ Sex offenses (except forcible prostitu___ _____ _______rape _____and __ ____ ____ ____ tion) ____ _____ R ate per 100,000____ ____ _______ _____ __ ________ Narcotic drug laws _____ ___________ _____ __ _____ __ _ aa!ti1li~f-~~ -1-~'.~_o:~-==~-----==~--==::::::::::::::: Rate per 100,000 __ __ _ _ ___ _ ___ __ __ _______ , _ Offenses agai nst fam il y and children __ ___ ___ ___ __ Rate per 100,000 __ ___ __ ____ ___ _____ ____ ___ ___ _ Driving under the in flu ence ____________ ____ ____ __ Rate per 100,000 ___ ___ __ ____ ________ ____ __ ____ Liquor laws ____ __ ___ __ ____ ______ _______ ______ ___ _ Dri!~!~f,; \143.215.248.55·.°.°_0_-: : ::::: : ::: ::::::::::::::: : : : Diso~1!~1 ~efo~~ u~f-: ::: : : : : ::::::::::::::: : : : ::: Rate per 100,00Q _____ ______ __ _____ ____ ____ __ __ Vagrancy ______ ____ ___ ________ ________ ___ -------Rate per 100,000 __ ___ _______ ___ _______ ______ __ All other offenses (except trnill c) __________ ___ __ Rate per 100,000 ___ __ ______ _____ __ ___ ______ ___ Suspicion (not included in totals) ____ ______ __ ____ Rate per 100,000 ____ _____ ___________ _____ ____ _ Curfew and loi tering law violations ___ __ ______ ___ Ru!!t;Y~er _100,000 __. ___ _____ __ _____ ______ __ __ __ Rate per 100,ooo__ ____ , _____ ___ __ ______ ___ ____ 1 89, 668 66. 9 53, 585 40. 0 33, 987 25. 3 58, 205 43. 4 46,069 34. 4 114, 294 85. 2 60,98 1 45. 5 241, 511 180. 1 179,219 133. 7 1, 535, 040 1, 144. 7 570, 122 425. 2 120,416 89. 8 531 , 970 396. 7 76,346 56. 9 72, 243 53. 9 90, 28 1 67. 3 77, 207 7fi. 0 48, ROS 48. I 32,849 32. 3 .'\ !, 45 1 30, RR4 75. .1 71. 3 n. 347 70. 4 26, fi94 7. J24 4, IO fi5. 3 29, 3 1.; 71. 7 2, 054 16. 9 3fi. 2 709 .'\. 3 27, G<lO !iO. fi 07. fi 43, 527 42.S 108, fi02 ! OG. 8 ,10, 927 40. 3 20 1, 334 198. 1 144,4 65 142. 1 I, 438, 075 1, 414. 7 !i28, 350 519. 8 l1 2, 432 11 0. 6 44 1, 401 434. 2 68,962 67. 8 67, 929 60.8 74, 411 73. 2 34 , fi81 8-1. 8 91,354 223 . 4 16, .'\ 12 40. 4 82, f120 202. 0 45, 868 11 2.1 f,84 , 873 l , 674. ,; 28 1,930 689. 3 62, 666 153. 2 179,736 439. 4 23, 235 56. 8 28, 750 70. 3 30, 714 75. I I fi70 ns. n R, 917 73. 3 2, M4 20.9 8, ,5,53 70. 4 8, f.28 71. 0 22, 13fi 182. I 17, 07 1 14 0. 4 220, 2.17 1, 61. 0 (13,7 15 524. 1 15, 304 125. 9 55, 794 458. 9 10,387 85. 4 .'\, 009 4 1. 7 11 ,44 2 94. I fl. 173 39. 0 2, f.05 19. f, 3, 029 27. 3 .'\, 11 8 3 _r, 24 ,078 18 1. 4 15, 895 119.8 lfi3, 77fi I , 234. 2 49, 11 7 370. 1 12,2 10 92. I a8, 802 443. fi 10, 552 70. il 7, fl(l'J .'\7. S 10, '1116 s o. 4 10, 079 7,5. I 4. 392 32. 7 3,rn 2. f, 4, 40-1 32. R 2, !Of> 15. 7 2, ,119 18. 8 4, 44 33. I 27, 149 202. 2 22, l 5!i 165. 0 144, f,S, 1, 077.fi .'\O, 858 378. S 9,039 67. 3 .,9, s os 445. 4 9,977 74. 3 10, 325 70. g 0, 028 r.1. 2 Agencies and popul ation represented in suburha n nren are also incluclerl in other city groups. Population fi gures round ed t o t he nearest th ousand . All rates wore calcul a1ecl on t he r nr ulntion hoforr ro un rli ng. <jf 10,938 RO. 3 3, 7.'\2 27. .'\ 223 I. fi 3, fl 27. 1 I , 089 8. 0 7, 370 89. 2 2,! W 2,i. 7 202 2. 4 I , fi03 19. 4 r,02 R: 1 I , 7 11 83 f, 12. f, 4, !OR 30. 27, 385 20 1. 0 10. I 2, 025 24 . .'\ 17,966 217. 2 19,9 18 24 0. 8 85, 483 I , 033. R 33, 400 403. S 5, 189 62. 7 3,1, 000 4 11. l 7, 895 95. 5 5, 98fi 72. 4 4, 353 ., 2. 6 23,557 172. 9 133,008 976. 2 49,336 362. I 8, 01 8 58. 8 , 3, 201 390. 5 fl, Ol fi !iO. S 10, 120 74 . 3 8, 20S liO. 2 2:l, 4fi7 fi, 13, " fi6. 3 33. 1 2, 2R, 20. fi 977 2. 9 12. 2 34 0 9, 244 27. 3 4,344 12. 8 .'\, 013 14. 8 15,83 1 46. 7 48, 312 142. 6 35, 358 104 . 4 138, 316 408. 3 SI , 175 239. 0 10, 517 31. 0 11 4,4 19 337. 8 15, 590 46. 0 18, !Sf> 53. 7 2, 90, 15. 7 970 .'\. 2 2, 14 15. 2 9, 63 4 ,; 2. 0 24 , 583 132. s r., 979 22,mm Ri . 0 " I. 9 25, 51 4 137. s ,; 1, 85 l 312. 5 19, 8 19 107. 0 3, 06 2 19. 8 46, 51 0 251. 2 2, 099 14. 6 I, ~3 7 2 '· 9 6, 28 34. 0 �Table 19.- Arre s t Tren ds, 1960-65 1 [1,882 agencies, 1965 estimated population 86,157,000] N umber of persons arrested 0 ffcnse charged •rota! all ages 1960 1965 U ndcr 18 years of age Percent chnnge 1960 1965 Percent change 18 years of age and over 1960 1965 Percent change TOTAL .... ___ ._. - - _. . . _. . . . __ . __ _. __ _. . . . . _. _____. . . _.. _.. . _. 3, 103, 515 3,398,433 +0. 5 452, 962 699, 588 +54. 4 2, 650, 553 2, 698, 845 Crim inal homicide : (o) Murder and oonnr,g!igent manslaughter . ... . ___ ______ ____ . . . (b) M anslaughter by negligence. __ ___ _______ __ _----· __________ Forcible rape . .. . ____ _. ....... --··· .. ····---· ---------··-· ____ ___ __. Robbery ... ___ ---- ------··· -- -····-------·----- · ----·· - ________ ____ Aggravated assault. ___ ___.. ----·· ___ _.----------------·-···-·---·· B urglary- breaking or entering ___________ ___________ ___ ____ ___ _____ Larceny- t l·eft. __. ____________ _______ ______ _____________________ ... Auto theft ..... __ . . __ ..... _... _.. _. ____ ._ . . ___ . ___ _._. ____ ._._ .. ___ . 4,214 I , 678 6,359 29,277 46,640 111, 37 l 2,6 6 51, 644 5, 074 1, 745 7,379 33,525 60, 156 135,268 261,241 72,957 +20.4 + 4. 0 +rn. o +14. 5 +20. 0 +21. 4 +43.0 +41. 3 322 130 1, 144 7,043 5,833 54,060 89,487 31, 9 I 459 128 1,540 9,835 9. 637 GS, 291 143,201 45,982 +12. 5 -1. 5 +34.6 +39. 6 +05. 2 +26.3 +GO. 0 +43.8 3,892 1, 54 4,615 1, 617 5, 839 23,690 50,519 66. 977 ll8, 040 26,975 + 18.6 +4. 5 + 12.0 +6. 5 +23. 8 + 16. 9 +26. 7 +37. 2 433, 876 577,345 298,272 +22.3 114,772 139, 712 21, 3.55 38,108 13, 511 36,699 27, 2;14 41, 730 37,307 89,725 37,319 149,436 118,528 1,101, 5S6 3[14,869 01, 650 522,3[9 48,145 ll7, 853 19,354 36,693 8. 967 29,350 26,589 32, 52 33. 591 88, 136 30,910 148,282 8 , 247 1,084,908 296, 6 0 85,099 260. 462 35,847 + 14.3 +a. 7 + 19. 7 +46. 5 +26.0 + ll.5 + 1. 9 + 39. 1 -18. 7 +7. 9 + 11.2 +34.0 - 5.0 - .3 - 24. 2 +s.o -:,7. 6 Subtotal for above offenses .... -- ---------- ---- -----·· -··-· . . . Other assaul ts .. __ . ___ . __ . .. __ . . ..... __ __. __ ___ _______ _____ _. .. __ .. _

20, 115

31,477 ~~;fi143.215.248.551~~1~1~i:,te143.215.248.55i~t~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: : : : : : : ::::: Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing.. ___ ____ __ ___ ___ ____ _ 8,339 29, 189 Weapons; carrying, possess ing, rtc ... . - -----·-··--------·--- --- ----P rostitut ion and commercialized vice ____________ ___ ________ ___ ___ __ 24,245 Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) ________ ____ _____ _ 40,867 Narcotic cl rug laws _.. . . . __··-------·-· ____ . ___ __ _______ _____ ___ __ __ 25,623 Garn bling. ____ ___ __ ... _____ . . . ___ . ___ . .. ______ ______ . __ __ _____ . . ___ 109, 839 34, 768 Offenses agaiJJst family and children .... - --- ----------------·-··- - ·· 130,793 D rivin g under the influence.-----------······ · -- --------- ---- --·- · · 81,404 Liquor laws . ______ · · ------ ----------- -- ------- ------ --- ---------- .. Drunkenness __. _. ______ _. ______ __ __ . ______ ____ . ___ __•. _. ____ _. . _. . . 1, 153,092 D isorclerly conduct ____ __. . ____ ____ ___ ___ __ ____ ___ ___ . __ __. _. _. . ... _ 338,717 Vagrancy . . .. ___ . __ . __ .. _______ _. ____ _______ ----- --. --- - -... --. - --- . 121,189 40-5, 210 All other offenses (excegt traffic) ..... · ·-·-·-· -·····--· . ...... __... .. Suspicion (not include in totals) .... . . _. . ... . ... _____ __ ___ . ___ ..... 103, 24 2 1

+33. l 190, 000 +21. 7 +o.2 +21. 1 +62. 0 +25. 7 + 12.3 +2.1 +45. 6 -18. 3 +7. 3 + 14. 3 +45. 6 -4. 5 + 4. 8 - 2•1.4 +28. 0 - 53. 4 ll , 647 ], 447 8ll 2,219 5,891 402 8, 637 1,481 1, 433 572 971 15, 554 11,041 41, 213 8,097 151, 546 18. 713 279,073 21,859 2,001 1,415 4,544 7,349 645 8,87 3,716 1, 589 409 ] , 154 30,281 16,678 58, 189 5,951 255,857 12,298 5,215 22, 234 40, 07 57,318 93, 199 19,663 + 1. 8

- - - - - - ---- - - - + 46. 9

243, 876 +87. 7 +38.3 +74. 5 +104. 8 +24. i +60.4 +2.8 +150. 9 + io. o -28. 5 + 18. 8 +94.7 +51.1 +11. 2 - 26.5 +GS. 8 -34. 3 Basc(l on co111pn rnbk' rrports from 1,520 cit ics rrprcscnting 72, Il!J,000 popul:tl ion and 3fi2 c-011 11 1 irs rr prrsrnl ing 14 .038.000 pop11la1 ion . 103, 125 18, 668 30,666 6, 120 23,298 23,843 32,230 24, 142 108,406 34, 196 129. 22 65. 850 1, 142·. 051 297. 504 113. 092 253. 664 84, 529 �1:ri: .i At, 401\. !,! I I) 10 :, . • • •• 1 ;. ~ _u. ct ~ ,u0...1 .:ifo'i n 11n n;..;; :.'~" I i 1n .-.1 • I 11 i 11 / I j I' i J • f.,, i 'J(I J.- (/,l lJ,355 ngc n cics ; HHi5 c s LimaLcd po pulat ion l 14,9ti9,000] N umhc r o f persons nrrcs tcd () !Tense cha rger] 1064 IO!i.i r crccnt c hange 4,419,196 4, 453, 098 +.s fi, 5 10 2. 2i (j +7.5 - -L 7 9. 524 1:.!.:?01 fi35 17 11, fi2fi 344, 5r, 1 91,962 + 2.2 +2.~ +5.2 + 1. 0 - .i -2.H 74 1. 124 7•18, 205 + 1.0 183,837 4, 1\0li 27, 3SO 43, 105 7, 891 183. 309 5. 2~2 2fi, 810 43. 480 fi,855 -. 3 + 12.5 '"· 344 45, 779 34, 4~5 lfi, fi 7,i 1or;5 19fi-l JS yea rs of age and orer L"n rler 18 year s of a~e l I n<lcr 1,5 y c:-us of :1gc T otal all ngcs Percent change ! OM 10fi5 Percent 196•1 1065 ch,,ngc - -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - TOTAL .. Criminal homicide: (a) Murder a nd nonnegligent man. slaug hter .. .... ........ .. .. .. . ( b) Manslaug hte r hy ne~ligence ..•.. Forcible rape ... . . . . .. . . . . ... .. . . . .. . . . . Rohher y .. . . .. .. . . . .. . .... .. . ... . . . . __ . Aggravated assaul t ....... .... ... ... . .. . nurglary-hrcakin g or entering ____ ____ _ L arcen y-theft. .. . ..... . . .. . . . . . . .. ... . A u to theft . . . . . .... .. .. . . . ... . . . ....... . n. osn 2,389 9. 319 41,277 72,845 lfi7 , 900 34(i, 857 94, 391 1 j(i, S u btotal for a!Jo,·e olTenses .... . Other assa ul ts ........ .. ............ . Arson . ... .. . . . . .. . __ . ....... . ... . . . ... . Forger y and counter feiting . .. .. ... ... .. t;143.215.248.55i,11>roperty; ,imcn£.·:~:::::::. ·............ !Juyin~, recei,·ing, vric1;~r:,\~~---~::::::::::-:-: :· ----- -- ·· St olen >--' ~ \Yea pons; carryin J! , possess ing:, e tc. _ __ _ Prostitution nncl com-111crcia li zcd v ice __ _ Sex olTen ses (exce pt forcible rape and prostitution) __ . . . ............. . ... .. Nnrcot ic d ru g lnws __ ____ . __ ___ ____ _ Gamblin ~·-- ···· -- -- .............. .. OITenses against fa mily a nd children . . . . Dri ving und er the influence .. . ........ . Liquor laws .. ..... ... . __ . ... .. __ . . . . . . . Drunkenness . . ..... . ... . . . ..... .. . .... . Disord erly cond uct. .... ....... . .. .. . . . . Va~ranc y . . ........ . .. .. . - . . . ..... .... . . All other olTenses (excep t trnni c) ... . .. .. S uspicion (not included in tota ls) . .. .. . . C ur re"· a n rl loiterin ~ la w violations .. .. . Runaw ays __ ___ __ ____ __ ___ ___ _ 73. 2fi l 57. 28fi 38,903 JOO, 540 53, 09fi 210, lif\7 143, 555 1, 43 1, 101 481, 153 11 5. 335 4fifi, ' 4 81. 70) li4 , 079 fiO, 755 78, 11I 48. 907 33,057 52, 7fi3 43. 481 10~. li42 51. 4(i l 213, fi33 159, 184 l, 40fi, lii5 513,084 99, 138 4fi9, 302 3, 509,968 +. l 5ifi +R.! -9.fi + 13.4 +5. 7 +7.1 + 1. -1 5,523 2,2 11 so. ggr, -. I 15'1, 423 +7. 4 -4.3 -. 5 +.s + 1. 0 +3.5 -1.3 + 1.1 913, 125 94 18

io2

11 3 22 474 + 20. 2 +22.2 +20.0 +9. 2 + 11 . I + 7.8 +1. s -.(i 533 l 7R l. S3 1 12, 3S8 11. 350 87, 004 l 90,434 iiO, li-19 13. 1192 12. 152 90,833 100,2 12 57, 858 3or., -4. Ii 33. 742 5,934 2, 11 5 7.44S 20, 109 r.4 . 4S3 83, 793 15-1,349 34,104 ono +. 7 37G. i 5i 381. 335 + 1. 2 29, 147 3. 4(\J 2, (i55 1. f\24 157,11 9 i54. IH2 l, li52 I. 821 24 . 155 40. [f,4 i. ilO 41,SSfi 2fi4 + 0.1 + 13. 7 -5.S -44. 8 + 15.9 fi, 501 -1. 9 +10. 2 -1. i +4.2 - 14. 5 fi, 007 5. 9-11 -I.I

)(i,fi,1~

50, 720 10. 337 lfi, (HO fil3 10, l 18 828 10. 734 18, 382 38. 789 32, 229 +3.8 + 10.r. +7.3 - -1 . 7 40. 258 38,5<18 -7. 4 +0. 1 llifi. ~ 12 1n.so 1 +3.li 3r.4,31i7 10, 135 2. 315 11. fi(J5 2n. 71 R -2. 1 5~{0 f>,55 + 15.4 + 15.9 + -1. 7 +.o - 13. l l, 097 41 453 45 -5K i + 2.0 +r..r. +r..s -4. 0 2. 233 2, .i52 + 14.3 +fi. 3 + 11.n -1 5. l - - -- - - -- - --2. li82 2. 824 93 39. nor; 3. 218 79 - 7. n 4, 0.'i8 4, 'i 05 + 11.s -. 8 -3.1 + !.4 + 10.0 - 1. j flfi3 400 Oti2 ,;02 15fi 12fi 3fi. fi88 42

!4

2, 3:J5 2,Hfi5 2. n20 2,:H i 25, 233 l, }.i,7 ,i i, lti4 2.~. fi71 - 14.0 fi4, i i fi -'20. i 5, 1175 fi:i, 744 79, 810 + 2.1; + 14.4 2S, ,;53 +.r1 3. 506. Oil +5.3

i,032

4, I I 7 45, 2fi5 102, Gil 15. Hi7 +fi. (j +3.4 381. 401 3, 707 41. ()79 100. 758 15. 255 )- - - - - 943, 730 302. 105 - - - - - - - ----- - - - - - -- - 4,fm9 Jfi,H:,!O I. '2ifi +o. s -3. 3 + '15. l +~5. 5 - 10. 2 -10. n +13.2 +15. 7 + 13.fi +10. ,, 51i . f.: lfi - . (\ lfi, 188 33 , 933 -.3 -2. i + 18. 8 5. or.o r ercent change 3. 0H 2. 818 2. 94 1 18 1 n. <120 13. 7\19 3. 5i2 2, 51i7 i15 l.li59 37, 4 l 211. 837 'jfi , 9 13 7. fi84 141. 11 3 17. 407 fl4. n,n fiO. -;,; ;, If,[ 2, Oifl 12. 505 4,933 2,441 520 I. 7114 42. 315 23, Hi3 84. 379 7. 344 138. 139 !fi. 0-17 f\5. 744 70. sin +s .., +5.2 +35. l -9.4 +38. l - 4.9 - 20. 4 +2. 7 + 12. 0 +11. 2 +o. 1 - 4. 4 - 2. 1 -7. 8 +2. f\ + 11. 4 7. 48R 28,S 9 li l. 495 24 ..iH2 3fi, 159 33,812 43,487 35,331 IOfi, 973 52. 381 200, nos 106, 074 I, 410, 2M 404, 240 107, fl5 1 3~5. 771 f>4, 294 IOI\, 201 50,935 211 , 9:1<J llfi,Sfi9 1, 383,512 428. 705 91, 794 33 1. Hi3 48, 729 .. ---- -., -2. S + 1. 1 +10.2 -1.9 +11.1 -14. 7 + 1. 7 - 24 . 2

-----

�Table 21. -Totci l Arrests by Age, 1965 [4,062 agencies; 1965 estimated popul ation 134,095,000] Offense charged Ages uuder ages 15 - - - - -- -- - - - - - - -- -- TOTAL______ _________ ____ ___ 5, 03 1, 393 Crim inal homicide: (a) Murder a nd nonnegligent m anslaughter __ ______ ____ (b ) M ansla ughter by negligence ______ ___ ________ ___ _ F orcible rape _______ __ ____ _________ _ R obber y _- --- --- - --- - - ---- - ---- - -- Aggravated assa ul t_ __ _______ ____ ___ B urglary- brea king or entering ____ _ Larcen y-theft_ _____________ _- ____ _ A uto theft- _____ ___________ __ __ ___ _ - - Ages under 18 Ages 18 a nd over 13- 14 - -• - ~- -,,- - - --- - 6, il3 11 2,815 10, 734 45, 872 84,4 11 197,627 383, 726 101, 763 27 49 1 5,274 4, 335 50,297 l 12,839 16,662 196 2, 245 13,8 13 .12, 950 [02, 472 2 l 0, 469 63, 596 2, 619 , 489 32, 059 7 1, 46[ 95, 155 173,257 38, 167 21 502 52 1 8,945 18, 8 1 34 0

-

2l 20 19 - 7 I, 006 13, 100 30, 732 I , 766 12,624 3, 112 609 492 48 3 1,948 4, 03[ 2,962 1, 796 275 I 75,667 2, 156 27, 655 50,211 7, 399 1,676 1,439 39 28 l 3,030 735 132 12[ 19, 060 89, 668 53, 585 2,852 44,5 13 3, 500 6, 720 68, 785 10, 985 12,34 0 20,883 302 1l, 779 239 33, 987 80 839 33, 148 5, 384 1, 058 528 14,097 44, 10 5, 34.5 2,56 1 40, 724 HO. 2R 1 60 86 70 ! 2,958 3,026 16,821 27, 929 12,072 1G6 917 3, 523 3,57 1 14,357 22, 605 8,397 150 78 1 2, 78 1 2,985 9, 8 16 14 ,358 5, 108 14 5 677 2, 552 3, 000 7,810 11, 333 3, 729 149 720 2, 63 1 3,270 7, l [4 9, 885 3, 072 Gl8 3 003 3: JOO 17,886 33,733 17,424 207,615 6, 187 30,617 52,007 7, 674

u. 5~0

278 432 48, 104 660 263 2,578 2, 489 18,468 35,968 17,438 11--- - - 648 60,333 1,937 239,574 48,456 130, 763 2ii, 9 12 1,509, 128 93,4 72 470, 650 I 12 5?? 7,894 156,3 10 375; 5.5, 734 20,612 72, 243 265 14 378 3, 384 2,808 2 , 252 63, 226 J4J556 29,228 147 39 3, 117 2,543 31,882 1, 318 64,575 6,32 1 I 7. 673 284 6 92 I , 388 4.27,920 1 11 , 733 226 106 406,376 42, GOO 183 95 190, 045 Sex offenses (except for cible rape and prostitution) ___ _____________ _ 58, 205 Na rcoti c d rug laws __ ___ ___ ________ _ 46, 069 Garn blin g ______________ ______ _____ _ 114, 294 OITenses against famil y and ch il dren ____________ _____________ _ 60,981 Driving under t h e in fluence __ _____ _ 241, 511 Li quor laws _________ ______________ _ 179, 219 D rn nken ness ___ ________ ___ ________ _ 1, 535, 040 Disorderly cond uct__ ___ ___________ _ 570, 122 120, 416 Vagrancy ___ _____ -------- -- --- -- -A II other offenses (except traffic) __ _ 531, 970 Sus picion __ ____________________ _ 76, 346 Cu rfew a nd loitering luw Yiolnt ions 72. 243 uo: 28 1 Hun nwa :•s 18 - - - - - - - - -- -1·-- - + -- - - I - - -- 14 - 1 1 - - ----1- - - - - ,1-- --1-- -- Other assa ul ts __ ________ ______ ---- __ Arson ___________ __ __ ___ ____ ____ ___ _ F orger y and counterfeit ing _____ __ __ F ra ud ____ _____ ____ ______ __ ____ __ __ _ Em bezzlement ____ __ ____ ___ ____ __ __ Stolen property; bu ying, receiving, possessing. ____ __ ____ ___ _____ ____. Va nd alism __ __ ___ _____________ _____ W eap ons; ca rr ying, possessin g, etc __ P rosti tution a nd commercialized 17 70, 593 IOI, 103 258, 3'44 200, 389 229, 928 214, 128 210, 032 162,9 17 146, 240 147, 754 430, 040 I, 074, 485 3.956,908 l=== =l==== cl=== - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - -635 834, 296 IG 15 unde r 120 l- -- 11 - 12 IO no el 7,348 Sub total for a bove offenses __ . vice ___ ____ _____ ___ ______________ _ Age Grand total all - - 23 - - - - -- 11 2, 71 3 _77,502 - - - --- - 76, 007 _62, 822 53,820 ~ -- --- I~ _ 27, I I\) 7,9 18 938 438 343 38 5, 4 3 357 5[ 9 306 35 6,755 314 845 443 86 7,086 248 989 555 106 8, 287 20 [ I , 506 I , 059 162 7, 137 186 l , 373 1, 190 7, 129 124 I, 394 l , 483 177 252 71 6 12, 234 78 1 1,834 20, oOO I , 260 10, 106 2, 17 1 I , 337 8,337 2,646 1,27 1 5,829 2,668 I, 240 3,299 3, 025 959 2,234 2,407 787 1,645 2,222 1, 4 l 2, ,1 0 1 12 67 96 203 460 1,287 I, 607 1, i 39 2,462 615 71 34 1,1 24 3, 645 2,826 2,803 215 772 828 4 10 3,084 1, 396 703 2,387 2,5 11 I , 485 2, 180 2,41 1 1,4-10 2, 153 2,410 2 24 1 790 1,727 2, 51i 57 22 GS 154 2 65 GO 4 33 2i 0 I , 275 239 5, 073 l 21i l 2, 775 I, 089 I , 167 14, 122 I , 42 l 2, n7-I ,1, 7 1 ~ 7, n:l 9 88 234 7,399 254 406 2,818 2, 23:i 19 4 10 '938 37, 67 3 II 13'. 532 2:, . 11n 77 101 6,539 4,065 JG, 01 6 I, 059 29,882 3, 40-1 15. 6-1 1 522 15, 18 1 7,723 2 1,383 2, Oo5 32,388 4. 910 22. 4i2 2 1, 70(;

W. !lS-1

2, 063 920 23, 610 11 ,58 1 24, lfll 3, 41i2 29,465 51 Oi i J (i, 4.) 7 Ill. 0 11 l , 610 3, 154 29,470 21,92 1 31,505 7, 275 27,813 fi, 93;; I , 625 3, 651 1. 806 4, 5-17 23, 260 17,574 19, 571 18. 9 17 24,0H 5, ll 6 22, 162 4, 594 21,723 4,378 19,966 4. IOI 8, 178 100 l 58 1 1: 884 304 76 2,357 2: 2,244 6 528 i33 29, 108 ?3 246 379 19,978 3.833 1: -4'. �.,h\•o Table 21.-Total Arrests by Age, 1965- Continued Age Offense ch arged 22 23 25-29 24 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55- 59 60-M 65 and over Not known - - - - - - -- ------- - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - 8,447 101,419 123,221 193,438 370, 360 299, 847 454, 372 482,457 117,988 48 1,087 429, 665

- - -- - - - - - -- - - - - =

- -- - - - - - ---- - - -- = - - -- TOTAL ___ _____ ___ __ ____ __ _____ _ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter ______ _________ (b) Manslaughter by negligence __ Forcible rape __ ___ _______ ___ ___ __ _____ Robbery_------- -------------- ---- Aggravated assault_ __________________ Burglary- breaking or entering ___ ___ _ Larceny-theft_ _____ _____ ________ ____ Auto theft_ ___ ________ _____ __ ______ __ _ 140,451 124, 233 277 145 610 2,438 3, 170 6,502 8,814 2, 552 304 135 521 2,053 3,048 5,426 7,204 1, 893 2 11 8 426 1, 809 3,017 4,643 6, 605 1, 610 I, 143 393 I , 485 6, 025 12,058 15,1 08 22,055 4,571 895 285 935 3,463 10,007 9, 345 17,384 2, 619 808 244 600 2, 33 1 8,777 6,330 15, 120 1, 95 1 636 203 393 I, 205 fl,889 3, 997 II , 959 1,314 438 172 187 609 4,563 2,244 8,592 677 333 131 120 301 3, 198 I , 232 6, 738 391 206 76 54 142 1, 81'1 684 4,153 163 99 I, 570 2, 234 304 78 1,300 2, 128 306 82 1, 337 2, 175 362 302 5, 172 9,51 5 I, 362 256 3,969 8, 347 1, 222 193 3,270 7,162 1,071 192 2, 50~ 5, 823 48 124 1,371 3,300 459 88 664 I , 9S2 342 760 I, 094 2,205 3 , 269 61 8 977 2,038 2,536 553 832 1, 894 2, 359 2, 03 1 2, 567 7,042 7,113 I , 474 I, 855 5,41 7 3,924 I , 125 I, 678 4,556 2, 818 768 I, 233 3, 438 1,620 545 823 2,34'1 920 368 550 I, 5/)6 675 2,250 2,685 2,541 2, 652 6, 803 3,542 28, 570 21, 098 3, 930 18,777 3,326 I , 942 2,532 2,667 2, 624 6, 478 2,645 26,544 17,874 3,360 16,242 2,934 I, 039 2, 185 2,907 2, 673 6,478 2,290 26, 776 16,303 2,890 15,248 2,547 r,, 804 8, 574 14, 619 II , 899 28,6 17 7,301 120, GI 9 61, 145 10, 524 53,923 7,91 5 5,652 G, 26 1 15,190 10,208 30,260 6, 845 145, 61 54, I IG 9, 489 43, 55 5, 345 5,207 4, 188 15,268 9, 11 5 34,434 7,427 196,031 54,368 II , 184 40, 404 4,33 1 4, 124 2, 154 13, 944 6,604 34, 444 7,1 27 226, 172 49,609 12,234 33,928 3,439 2,465 912 II , 407 3, 740 27, 670 6, 134 205,967 36,388 11 ,011 23, 71 5 2,424 I , 792 538 10,046 2, 029 21,650 5, 146 176, 624 27, 199 IO, 288 17,1 38 I , fi39 5 125 45 31 67 979 306 2, 633 62 165 62 29 5S 1, 020 218 2, 753 46 56 36 358 948 133 159 493 65 30 111 326 29 72 I 171 285 052 377 104 182 527 207 70 184 535 206 34 45 20 1, 146 275 6, 809 843 13,193 3, 377 121, 470 16,987 7,290 9, 90 1 I , 91 2 801 150 4, 500 342 7,045 2,034 i7, i97 11 , 046 4, 980 5, 865 697 908 135 4, 624 255 4,438 1, 798 62, 423 , 529 4, 050 5, 965 576 57 13 42 64 184 60 4, 757 1,467 135 I , 047 36 -·--·-----3 11 35 23 76 12 - - - - -- - - -- ---- - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - -- - --- - - - - - - - - - - 24,508 - -- - -20,674 4, 24 4,351 165 12,444 7,292 17,482 26,656 36,16 1 44,993 18,516 63, 738 -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - -7,049 - --- ---- --- = --233 I, 943 1, 870 3,563 JI, 069 17, 498 22,400 8,234 143.215.248.55;~ _a_s15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST): ::-:-- ______ _____ ______ 7, 727 7,642 30,285 25, 423 Subtotal for above offenses _____ Forgery and counterfeiting ____ - _-- -- 143.215.248.55izzie-me-nt:-: :: :: : :: : : : : : : : : : : _: : Stolen property; buying, receiving v:~1:~~:-: _____________________ '. _ Weap_ons; carrying, possessing, etc:::: Prost1tut10n and commercialized vice_ Sex offenses (except forcible rape an d prostitution) __ ____ __ ______________ Narcotic drug laws ______ ______ _____ Gambling ________ _____ __ __________ - _Off_e~ses against family and children_: D n vmg under the in fluence. _________ ~ir=e143.215.248.55s::-::- --------------- ---Disorderly conduct_ __ ________ _______ : Vagrancy ___ ___________ ___ __ _____ _____ All other offenses (except traffic) ____ __ Suspicion ________ __ __________ _____ ____ Curfew and loitering law violations __ _ Runaways __ __ ____ ___ __ __ _____________ 3 6 f, �r Tabl e 24.-To tal Arres t Tre n ds by Sex, 1964-65 13,355 agc nrics; 1965 es t im ated popu lation 11 4,969,000] F emales M ales U nder 18 Total Offense charged 1964 JOGS P ercent clrn nge 1964 1965 Total P ercent change 1964 1965 Under l P ercen t change 1964 --TOTAL __ --- - ----- - - --- ------ - ----- --- 3, 898, 105 3, 919, 702 +. 6 Criminal homicide ; (a) M urder and nonnegligent m anslaughter. ___________ __ _____ __ _. __ (b) Manslaughter by negligAnco ___ _____ _ Forcible rape ___ __________________ _____ ______ Robbe r y ____ ____ ______ _____ _____ ____________ Aggravated assa ult. ___________________ ______ B urglary-breaking or entering ___ _____ ______ Larceny- theft_ _____ _____ __ __ __________ ___ Au t o theft _____ ____ __ ___ --- ----- --- --- - ----- 4,946 2,153 9,319 39, 107 62,744 161,698 27G, 221 90,406 5,344 2, 059 9,524 40,007 66,033 168,065 266,815 88, 119 +s. 0 Su btotal for above offenses ____________ 646, 594 645,966 Othe r assaults ____ ____ ____

--- --- -----A rs on __ ______ --- ---- -- ----- ------ ---- - -----Forgery and counterfeitin g ___________ _______

F ra ud _____ __ __ ______________________ __ -Embezz lemen t_ _______________________ ______ Stolen p roperty; bu yiu g, receiving, possessing _____________ . ______ _. ___ ______ . - ___ Vandalism ____ ______________________________ W eapons ; carrying, possessing, etc __ __ __ ____ Prostitution and commercia lized v ice __ _____ Sex offenses (except forci ble rape and prostitution) ____________________________________ N a rcotie drug laws ________________ __________ Gambl ing ____ __ ______________________ . _____ _ 0 fienses agaiw:t famil y and child ren __ ____ __ D ri ving nnder t he influen ce _________________ L iquor laws ___ --- - - --------- - ---- --- --- - - - -runkeru1ess ___ _____ __ ____ __ ______________ __ D D isorclerly conduct. ______________________ V agraucy __ -- - - - - --------------- - - - - - ---- - -A II other offenses (except traffic) __ __________ suspicion (not included in totals) ___________ C urfew and loitering law v iol ations _________ R unaways __ ______ _______ . __________________ 1 783,215 + 2. 3 -4.4 +2. 2 +2.3 +5.2 +3.9 -3. 4 - 2. 5 494 15 1, 31 11 ,815 10,007 83,858 157,7 18 58,064 538 141 2, 070 12,506 10, Qlfj 87,657 152, 764 55,351 + 8. 9 -1 0. 8 + 13.4 +5,8 +6. 1 +4.5 -3.1 -4. 7 - .1 323,945 321,649 - .7 521, 091 533,996 +2.s 147, 366 160,515 + 8.9 1, 110 1, 166 +5.0 39 38 - 2. 6 + 1.1 + 5. 0 +4.3 + 10.1 - 3. 6 1,343 3, l4 (i

12, il 6

2,585 5 6 1,536 3, 176 37. 448 2,507 + 2. 3 +14.4 + 1. 0 + 14.5 - 3. 0 + 8.3 40,422 45,3ll + 12. 1 + 1. 3 +2. 4 - .4 +4.4 -1 2. 2 3,916 195 520 710 19 4,604 191 283 42 +li.6 - 2. l + 4.8 - 60. 1 + 121 . 1 217 - 8. 1 236 20 20 ------------------- --- -------------- ------ ---- ------ ---- ---- -----2, 194 2, 170 573 10, 101 6,292 70, 63G 3,985 10, 602 6, 561 77, 746 3, 43 94,530 102,329

---- ---- ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

164,388 4, 279 22,331 34, 617 6,536 163,615 4,855 21,782 34,620 5,665 -.5 + 13. 5 -2. 5 14,935 68,820 42,760 10,554 15,356 73, 397 45,652 7,405 + 2.8 +6.7 +6. 8 48,020 33,484 JOO, 622 48, 139 196,776 126, 015 1,320,391 416,039 104, 297 398,572 73, 097 51, 839 38,097 44, 850 37,654 100, 093 46,812 199,969 140,504 1, 299, 705 447,215 89, 134 400, 4,55 57,892 53, 43 1 41,567 f ncrP asc of I C'SS Lilan om'-tcn 1h of one pcrccot.

765. 759

Percent change 1965 (') -13.3 - 29.8 - 6.fi + 12. 5 -.5 - 2. 8 + 1.6 +ll.5 - I. ti +7. 5 -14. 5 +. 5 - 20. 8 +3.1 +0.1 = 22,802

- -- - -- 2,849 2. 298 2, 2'J I IQ 2 24,543 3,270 2, 110 1,34 1 222 +7. 6 + 14. 8 - 8. 2 -39. 9 +37. 0 19,449 417 5,049 8,488 1,355 19,694 427 !i,028 8, 60 I, 190 5,5i4 53, iii 9,273 207 5,560 5fi, 811 9,791 223 -. 3 +5. 7 +1. i 1, 409 4, 441 3,019 23,871 1,310 4,714

1, 255

25,652 - 6. 4 +6.1 +7.8 +7. 5 433 2,871 347 406 381 2,918 327 605 - 12. 0 +1. 6 -5. 8 +49.0 9,902 3, 140 2,494 525 I, 595 32,370 18, 710 65,672 6, 871 Ill , 432 15, 455 51, 39 38,097 9, 148 4,350 2,360 357 !, 633 36,653 20,823 72,014 6, 39 1 108,968 14,281 53,431. 41, ,i67 -7. 6 +38.fi -5. 4 -32. 0 +2.4 +13. 2 + 11.:l +n. 7 - 7. 0 -2.2 -7. 6 +3. 1 +9. l 9, 2(i(i 5, 419 R, 918 4,957 13, S91 17,540 110,710 65, 11 4 11, 03 68,312 8,604 12,24 0 31, 65 7,913 5, 27 8,549 4,649 13, 664 I, ,GS0 JOG, 970 65,869 10,004 GS, 847 6,884 12,313 3 , 243 -14. 6 + 7.5 -4. 1 3,897 432 73 190 64 5, 111 2, 127 11,241 813 29,681 I, 952 12,240

Ji.658

3,357 583 81 169 71 5,662 2,340 12,365 953 29, 171 1, 766 12,313 38, 243 - 13. 9 +35.0 + 11. 0 -l l. l +10.9 + 10. R +10.0 +10.0 +17.2 - 1. 7 - 9.5 +.6 +20.s +5. 6 - 6. 2 -1. 6 +6.5 - 3.4 +1.2 - 9.4 +.8 - 20. 0 +. 6 + 20. s 545 �Table 25 .- Tota l A rrests by Race, 1965 [4,043 agen cies ; 1965 estimated population 125,1 39,000] T otal a rres ts R ace 0 ffense charged Total White Negro Ind ia n C hinese J a panese All oth ers (includ es race un· known) - - -- - - - -- - - -- - 1-----11-- -- 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- TO T AL __ ____ _____________ _____ 4,743, 123 Crimina l hom icide: (a) :'durder a nd nonnegligent m a nsla ughter _____ ____ ____ _ (b ) _\Ia nsla u ghte r by negligence- ____-- - - -- - - - - -- --- - Forcible rape- _____ __ - _-- - - - - - ---- _- H obbcry _____ ______ _____ _______ ___ ___

\ ggra n 1ted assa ult _____ ________ ---- - Burglnr y-hrcll1iag or ente rin g _____ _

L arce n y- t heft ______ ______ _---- - - __-Au t o theft _______ _____ ____ _____ _____ _ 3,235, 386 1,347,994 113, 398 2,970 1, 293 42,082 ,====•,==== = - -- - - - - - ·=== = ,==== 6,509 2,675 2,457 9, 328 39, 854 70, 285 181, 429 364, 072 93, 108 1, 883 4,485 16,586 32, 539 11 , 167 247,606 64, 200 3,704 46 3 5 76 541 15 1 4 13 85 4,005 2 4 87 22, 540 288 23 6 405 36,558 569 21 10 582 59, 673 150 1, 298 61 2, 080 ? 583 3 18 109, 792 222 3, 55 1 -, 927 26,372 106 33 1,470 - - - - - - - - - - - - -1-- -63 1 344 8, 204 Su btotal for a bo,e offenses __ ___ l==7=67='=0=4=2 =1 ~= 4= 88='=1=4=l=l==26=3=,=8=5l=l=5=,=8= ! I= 193,475 11 6, 734 73, 284 l, 207 3• 1 92 2, 064 0 thcr assaults ______ --- __ --- --- - - _- -I 5, 51 6 4,321 l , 127 28 I 38 _\rson ____ ___ - - - __ _____ --- - -- -- --- -- - 27,477 21, 690 5, 44 0 24 1 10 16 80 Forgery a nd count.er(eit.ing ___ _______ _ F ra ud-- ___ ___ _______ ________ --- _-- - _ 13 49, 537 40,843 8, 253 192 23 213 Em bczzle m ent_ __ ___ __ _____ ___ ___- - - _ 2 6, 781 5, 777 066 22 I 13 Stole n propert y; bu ying, recei ving, possessing _____ ______ ______ ____ _- ___ 88 10, 120 5, 463 0 174 15, 869 18 33 1 27 729 82, 798 65, 601 16,074 36 , -a nfinJism ____ __- -- - - ___ - -- - - - - - - - - - 200 16 49, 731 22, 695 26, 226 28 557 \\·ca pons ; carr y ing, possessing, e tc. - Prostitution and commercialized 30,63 5 12, 6•13 \· ice_. __ __ __------ · - - ----- · ·- --- -· -Sex offe nses (excep t forcible ra pe a nd 53, 422 38, 615 prosti tution ) ___ ____ -- - ___ - - - - - - -- - N a rcotic drug la ws __ ____ _____ _______ _ 31, 294 1 , 530 G a mbling __ _____ ________ ______ ___ ____ 87, 627 19, 842 59, 958 39, 449 O ffenses against fam il y a n d children _ 188, 159 Dri ving under tbe influe nce __ ____ ___ _ 231, 899 167, 815 131,452 Liqu or laws . .. .. . .. -- - · - ---- - - - ·----548 I, 070, 861 Orunkenness-. - ·- - - - - . - - - . - - - -. - - - -- 1, 516, 503, 849 312, 228 Disorderl y conduct __ _- - - -- - - - -- - - --11 5,305 3, 495 \" agrancy _. ·-- - - ... - -- - - .. - · - --- · - -- · 511, 121 365, 869 -~11 ot her offe nses (except traific)-- -76, 183 53, 651 ~ us p1c1ou ____ _. - .- - - - . . - .. - - . - - :- · -- - · 71, 138 54, 288 Curfe w and loitering law violat10n s .. I{ 11n a w nys .. __ _. - . . . - - . - - - - · - -- - -- · - - 88, 103 70,382 17,598 142 11 29 212 13, 759 12, 069 64, ]35 JO, 699 38, 966 31, 929 354, 158 179, 506 28, 161 135,946 2 1, 72 1 1'1, 521 15, J.1 2 237 80 28 474 3,433 3,065 81, 987 0 095 37 73 51 395 701 53.i 3,049 3 10 I, 163 I , 27 1 8, 975 5,878 871 4,075 187 1, 353 1, 364 2: 6 17 4, 782 005 586 1,078 29 178 JO JO 41 137 69 423 9 !31 298 0 338 75 29 144 53 30 151 13 52 62 117 �Table 25 . -To t al A rrests by Race, 1965- Continued Arrests under 18 Race Offense charged Total TOTAL ... . . . ... . ......... . . . . . 1, 019, 301 White 733, 585 Negro 263, 690 C riminal homicide: (a) M urder a nd n onnegligent manslau gh ter. .... . . . . . . .... (b) M anslaughter by negligence. Forcible rape. . . . . . . .. . . .... . . . .. . . . . Hobber y ........... ......... . ... . . . . . Aggravated assault...... . . . ... .. . ... . Burglary- brea ki ng or entering... . . . Larceny-theft . . .............. .. . . . .. Auto t heft. .. ........... . ... . .. . . . . .. 504 165 1, 940 11, 440 10, 594 94, 699 201, 242 59, 298 190 121 658 3, 281 4, 638 62, 665 137, 446 41,875 296 42 1,229 7, 977 5,760 29, 892 60, 131 15, 791 Subtotal for a bove offenses... . . 379,882 250,874 121,1 18

== =11, Other assa ults. .... ........ ... . ...... 28, 946 Arson ............ . . ..... . . ... . . .. . .. . 3, 680 Forger y and counterfeit ing.. ..... .... 2, 714 Fraud. . . . .. . . . .. . .. . . . ......... .... . 1, 710 E mbezzlement . ... . . . ... . . . . . . ... . . . . 241 Stolen property; bu y ing, receiving, 6, 238 possess ing. ..... ... . ... ....... .. . . . . Va ndalism . ..... . ........ . .. . . .. . .... 64, 015 W eapons; carrying, possessing, etc.. 10, 156 Prost it u t ion a nd commercia lized v ice... . ...... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .... .. .. 799 Sex offenses (except forcible ra pe 13, 079 a nd prostitution).. . . . . . . .... . .. . .. N arcotic drug laws.... . .... . .. . ... . .. 4, 021 Gambling . . . . .. ... . ....... . . . . . . .·.... 2, 194 Offenses against fa mily and childr en. 607 Driving u nder the infiuence. . .. . . .. .. 1, 886 L iq uor laws.... . ... . . .. . . . ... . . . . . . . . 46, 091 D runkenness... . . .... . ........... ... 25,583 D isorderly conduct . . ... . . .. . ~. . ..... 88, 982 Vagrancy... .. .. . .. . .. ...... .. ...... . 7, 107 All other offenses (except t raffi c).. . . 151, 651 Sus p1c10n.. . . . .... ..... .. ..... . ..... . 20, 478 C urfew and loitering la w v iola tions. 71, 138 R unaways. ... ... . . . . . . . ........ . .. . . 88, 103 118 I ndia n C hL n ese 7, 585 12, 218 626 4,004 52, 631 5,738 2, 087 10,649 4, 231 329 466 8, 882 2, 853 568 473 1, 708 42, 691 21, 045 60, 643 5,069 113,691 14, 995 54, 2 70, 382 3, 859 996 1, 503 129 122 2, 365 3,200 27, 063 1; 699 35,425 5, 288 14, 52l 15, 142 '515 423 45 n ese 440 1, 059 --- - -- 3 -- ------------ ----- 14 12, 942 27 1 1 1 2 3 99 196 81 2, 058 105 384 11 1 16 23 5 5 16 1 1 1 1 47 10 102 25 70 546 1,004 396

0 1= = = =1=

16, 118 3, 005 2, 154 1,252 192 A ll 0U10rs (includes race unknown) Japa· 1 2 2 44 119 H 1 37 153 121 1,453 2, 346 1. 128 5. 253 32 21 29 2 33 206 29 22 24 483 7 10 141 26 15 3 4 4 12 7 9 296 ] 46 11 1 l JI 283 202 805 2 2 4 43 730 1, 131 439 66 56 126 586 1,078

-- - ---- ---2

6 l 16 19 13 44 90 4 52 2 52 62 4 225 I. 537 2 6,1 338 1. :15:i 1, ~64 75 �Table 25 . -1'otal A r rest s by R ace, 1965- Contin~ed Arrests IS and over Race 0 liense char ged Total TOT AL __ ______ ·- - --- - - ----- --- 3, 723, 822 W hite ' egro I nd ia n Chinese 2, 501. 801 1, 084.304 105, 813 - - - -- Cri m ina"l homicide: 853 J npnnese A II others (includes race unknown) 1, 911 29, 140 -- - - - - (a ) M mder and non negligent ma nslaughter_ __ ___ __ _____ _ 2,485 3,408 3 62 6, 005 43 4 1, 762 499 15 l 12 3 2, 292 3, 827 3,436 71 1 7, 388 3 50 14, 569 263 4 13,305 21 28, 414 252 27,901 30, 708 499 14 18 461 59, 691 2<J, 781 752 17 027 55, 502 51 86, 730 l , 5;g 49, 661 122 110, 160 103 I , 205 162, 830 22,325 10, 581 531 6 25 342 33,810 1- -- - -11-- -- -1-- - -- 1- - - - - - - - - -- - -- Su btota lfor a bo,-eoffenses ____ 387, 1,60 237. 267 142, 733 3, 753 149 247 3, 0 11 (b) :\'1anslaugh ter by negligence_ Forcible ra pe ___ __ __ ___ ·-- __ __ ______ _ Hobber;- __ _____ _-- - ---- _-- - - - - - -- --AggrnY·a ted assaul L ____ ______ ______ _ Burglary- brea kin g or entering ____ __ Larceny-theft_ _________ ____ ____ ___ _ A uto theft_ _________ ____________ ____ _ 1=====11=== ,I= = = Other assa ults ____ ____ ____ __ __ ______ _ 164, 529 100, GIG 1, 316 1, 836 Arson _____ --- - - -- -- - -- - -- ---- -- ---- 19, 536 24, 763 Forgery a nd counterfeiting ___ ______ _ Fraud _______ _____ ______ ______ ______ _ 47, 827 Embezzlemen t- ____________________ _ 6. 540 Stolen property; buy ing, recei\·ing, 6, 116 possessing___ ______ ________ ___ ___ __ 9, 63 1 12,970 ,-andalism _ ________ __ ______ _________ 18, 783 16, 95i \ \'capons ; carrying, possessing, e tc__ _ 39, 575 12. 314 Prostitu t ion a nd commercia lized ,·ice_ 29, 836 Sex offenses (except forcible ra pe 29, 733 a nd prosti t u t ion)------- ------ -- -- 40, 343 15, 6i7

\Tarcotic drug lfn1-s _ _______ ____ ·-- __ _

27, 273 19, 274 (;am bling_ ___ ___ ______ ___ ______ _____ 85,433 38,976 Offenses against family a nd ch ild ren _ 59, 351 186, 451 llri,·ing u nder t he influence - __ ______ 230, 013 , 7Gl Liq uor laws_ ___ __ ____ __ _____________ 121, 724 16 Drunkenness----- - ------------ --- --- 1, 490, 965 1, 049, 251,585 Disorderl y conduct______________ ____ 414, 867 78,426 Vagrancy ___ ___ __ _____ __ _____________ 108, 198 252, 178 All other offenses (except t raffi c) _____ 359,470 38, 656 Sus picion_ _____ ____________ ______ ___ _ 55, 705 Curfew and loitering la w ,·iola t ions __ --------·- 3~:~1 61,066 501 4,925 7, 830 921 - - I, 156 12 218 187 22 3, 376 5. 1125 21 995 17: 132 55 125 180 141 9, 900 11 , 073 62, 632 19, 570 38 844 211 05 25 470 3, 390 2,335 0, 856 5,650 2,551 3,926 479 zo'.5M 350 95 152: 443 26,402 100, 521 16, 433 - - 2<J - - 76 - -!, 586 l 6 10 13 1 15 22 4 8 12 18 5 9 11 33 25 178 lO 39 23 143 34 26 99 11 28 61 44 386 10 137 53 4 10 70 87 208 4 59 184 11 72 2,1u 416 210 405 3 0 2, U38 315 I, 152 988 , 773 5. 073 G46 2. 53 122 Hunaways____ ____ __________ -------- -- - -- - - 119 �Tabl e 26.-City A rrest Tre nds, 1964- 65 [2,047 cities over 2,500; 1965 cstim!ltcd population 94,084 ,000] Nu mber of persons arrested T otal all ages Offense charged 1964 1965 Und er 18 years of age P ercen t chan ge 1964 1965 18 years of age and over P ercent chan ge 1 1964 1965 r ercen t chan ge 1

---4. 05i, 529

4, 080, 259 +. 6 833, 769 860, 645 + 3. 2 3, 223, 760 3, 219, 614 - .1 !iflfft]i~r143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST) 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)143.215.248.55 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ Auto t heft _____ ___ ___ __. ____ __ __ _____________________________ . ... ______ . 5,367 1,782 7,932 39, 020 66, 038 145,434 317,256 8.i, 567 5, 764 1, 674 8, 125 39, 891 69,238 151, 769 315,038 83,612 +7. 4 - 6. 1 + 2.4 +2. 2 +4. 8 + 4.4 - .7 -2. 3 4 8 128 1, 068 12, 034 10,685 75, 3il 177, 828 55, 64i 523 131 1, 876 12,685 11 , 340 79, 372 177,682 53,317 + 7. 2 + 2.3 + 12. 5 + s.4 +0.1 +s.3 -.1 -4 . 2 4,879 1, 654 6,264 26,986 551 353 10, r 53 139,42 29, 920 5,241 1, 543 G,249 27,206 57,898 72, 397 137,356 30,295 + 7.4 - 6. 7 -.2 +.8 +4.6 +3.3 - 1. 5 + 1. 3 Subt otal for above offenses __________ . ______ ___ __________________ . 668, 396 675, 11 1 + 1.0 333, 849 336, 926 +. 9 334,547 338, 185 + 1. 1 Other assaults ___ __ _____ ________ ____ ______ _______ ____ _____ ___ _________ __ 167, 418 4, 041 21, 969 35,645 6,297 14, 890 66,456 42,4 08 33,644 52,849 37,221 106, 662 40, 588 183, 01 6 121,266 l , 363. 366 455, 268 110, ll 7 404 , 100 77, 699 61,386 60,526 166,982 4,540 21,501 35, 188 5, 148 14,994 70, 484 45,674 32, 241 48,284 41 ,541 105, 950 38, 189 185, 41 133,256 1,337,321 485,199 94 , 356 407, 438 Gl , 209 62, 399 68,622 - .3 +1 2.3 - 2. 1 -1. 3 - 18. 2 +. 7 +5. 1 +7. 7 - 4.2 -8.6 + 11. 6 -. 7 -5.0 + 1. 5 +o.9 25,390 2, 755 2, 418 2,839 16 1 5,642 51, 611 9, 024 592 12,917 3,4 15 2, 504 528 l , 41 9 31, 859 19,067 73,144 7, 263 125,460 16,355 61, 386 60, 526 + 9. 3 +10. 8 -4 . 4 - 47. 6 + 5s. 3 - 1. 6 + 4.9 +6. 1 +36. 7 -\0. 8 + 39.9 -5. 5 -12. l +3. 8 +11 .s + 11. 9 +7. 4 - 4. 1 -. 5 -7.2 + 1.1 +13.4 142, 028 1,286 10, 551 32, 806 6, 136 9,248 14, 45 33,384 33, 052 39, 932 33,806 104. 158 40, 060 181,597 89, 407 1,344, zgg 382, 124 102,854 27 ,640 61,344 139, 234 1, 488 19, 190 33,699 4, 898 9, 442 16,322 36, 101 31,432 36, 764 36,762 103,583 37, 725 184,368 97. 733 1, 315,994 406,675 87,394 282. 625 46,036 -2. 0 + 15. 7 - 1. 8 +2. 7 -20. 2 +2. 1 +9. ~ +s. 1 -4. 9 -7. 9 + 8.7 TOT AL __ ________ ____ __ ____ _______ -- -- - -- - - - - -- - - - -- - - -- - - -- - - - -- - Criminal hom icid e: (a) Mll!der and nonnegligen t manslaughter_ _______________________ (b) Manslaughter b y negligence __ __-- -- ------ - -------------- -- ----Forcible rape________ - - - - -- - - -- - - - - ---- - - - ----- - -- - -- - -- - -------- - --- - -. Arson ___and _------- - -- - - - - - --- --- - - - - - - - - -- --- - -- -- - - -- -- - - -- - ----- ---- - Forgery COllll terfeitin g ___ ______ ____ _________ ____ ------ - _____ _____ _. F raud _____________________ _____________________________ ___ __ __ __ __ _____ E mbezzlemen t_ . ___ ___ __ _________________ _________ _____ ___ ________ ___ __ Stolen property; b uyin g, receivin g, possess in g. __ __________ __ ___ ________ Vand alism __ . . ______________ ____________ __ __________ ___ _____ __ __ _______ Weapons; carr yin g, possessin g, etc _______ -- ------------ ------------ - - -- P rostitu t ion a nd commercialized v ice _____ -- ----------- -- - ---- - - - - - - -- -Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitu tion) ___ ___________________ Narcotic cl rug Jaws __ __ ______________ __ ___ _____________________________ . Gamb ling _. _____________________ ____ ___________ ________________________ Offenses against fa mil y and ch ild ren __ _________________________ _________ D ri vin g und er t he in fl uen ce .. ______________ _________________ ___ _____ ___ Liquor laws ._-------- ------- - ---------- -· __ ________ ___ . __ . . ____ ______ __ Drunkenness __________________________ ____ . . .... _

--- ---- ---- ---D isord erly con d uct __ ___ _________ _____ . . __. . . _

Vagrancy _____ ___________________ ___ ___ ___. All other offenses (except traffic) ___ _______ __ Sus picion (not in cluded in totals) ___ ____ ____ - · Cll!few and loitering law violat ions___ _________ __ _ _ --- ··· · · · Rwrnways _____ ___ ____ _____________ _____ _____ _________ ______________ ___ _ 1 -1.9 +6. 6 - 14.3 +. 8 - 21. 2 + 1. 7 + 13.4 27,748 3, 052 2,311 1, 489 250 5,552 54 , 162 9,573 09 11,520 4, 779 2,367 464 1, 473 35, 523 21, 327 78,524 6,962 124 ,813 15, 173 62, 399 68. 622 -.(i -5.8 +1.5 +9.3 -2. 1 +6.4 - 15. 0 + l.4 - 25. 0

--- ---- --- --- --- --- ------ ------ ------ -- ------ ------ ·-- -- ·

fn 654 citi es ove r 25,000 popu l a1ion . arr es l s of prr:-ions und r r I ~ y<'nrs o f ap:1" in <' l' <',JSP d 3. 0 1w rc·t•11 t an<l n rr1·~t-.: of p,·rsnn...: 1-.: nn 11 OYPr df'rr<'·1st•d .4 pr rcr11 l: in 1 ,flfl3 ,·ii k.'- t1 n d 1'r '..!.i,000 populat ion, a r re~ l s of prr...: 0 11-: undt'r 1,._ llH'l'i':l•'d t 1 11L' f•·1• 111 a 11d :1rrp•;I-: ,)f pn-: p11 -. 1, a 11d 0 \· 1• r i 111·n •:1...: .,d I I pt>r<···nl �Table 27.-City Arrests by Age, 1965 [3,083 cities over 2,500; 1965 es timated population !01,652,000] I r Grand total all ages Offense charged 0 <O Ages Ages Ages I S under 15 under 18 and over Age 10 a nd 11- 12 13-14 under TOTAL __ ___ ___ _____ _. _____ ___ __________ ___._. ___ 4, 470, 560 ---Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligent manslaughter ____ ____ 6,144 (b) Ma nslaughter by negligence ____ __________ ____ __ 1, 822 iiti;}t~;::;~iE=_~:::::::::::::::-::::::::::::::::: Burglary-brea king or entering______ ___________ ____ ___ _ Larceny- theft_ ________ ______ __. ____ __ _________________ Auto t heft __ _____ ___________ ___ _________. ____________ ___ Subtotal for a bove offenses. ___ ___. ______ _. ____ ___ 0 tber assaults __ ____ __ ________ _______ ___ __ ___ _________ __ Arson. ___ _____ ___ ______ ______ ________ ____ _____ ___ ____ __ Forgery and counterfeiting ___ ____ ____ ____ ____ _____ ___ __ 8,635 42, 134 73, 608 182, 28 1 338,543 89,095 ---722, 260 =180, 531 ~~b~zzlement __ ___ :::::::: : :::::::::::::: :: : - -- -- -- Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing Vandalism __ ________ __ __ ____ ___ __ __ ____ _________:::::::: 4,912 23, 053 37, 144 5, 310 16, 434 77, 297 \ Veap_ons; ca rr yi ng , po:5sessin g , etc ____ ____ _____ -- ----- - 48, 898 P rostitution a nd com mercialized vice 32, 849 Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prosti tution) 51, 451 43, 527 ~ ! ~gtl~t~~- 143.215.248.55v_s______ ______ ______ __ ____________ : :::: 108, 602 Offenses against famil y and children ________ __ __ ________ 40, 927 143.215.248.551 i,~~ e~_L!~~! ~_flu ence ___ _______ __ __ ____ ___ _____ . _ 201, 334 144,465 1,438, 075 528, 356 112, 432 All other offenses (except traffic) ____________ ___ ________ 441, 401 Suspicion __ __ ____ _____ ___ ______ ___ _____ . - - - -- --- -- - -- . 66, 982 Curfew and loitering law violations ____ _____ ____ __ ____ __ 67, 929 ft ~r~t~f;143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~-~-~;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; Ru naways ____________ __ ________ __ _ __ _________ ·· --· -- 74,4 11 15 16 17 IS 19 20

--- --- --- ------ --388,168'

102 24 455 945, 24 1 3,525,319 64, 120 91,650 4, 063 43, 055 104 , 929 15, 117 142 I, 946 13, 236 11, 896 84,698 191, 037 56, 675 5,602 I, 080 6,689 28,898 61,710 77,583 147, 500 32,420 10 IL 4 0 18 88 1, 307 492 I 474 ! 954 7, 837 11, 385 17, 789 28, 741 1,620 308 172, 920 360, 172 362, 088 2fi, 934 11 ,909 2,028 546 454 46 2, 693 39,400 3, 265 79 4,83 1 1. 028 29,333 3, 332 2, 458 I, 563 256 6, 079 151, 198 I , 580 20, 595 35, 581 5, 054 JO, 355 17,-523 38,682 32, 03•1 3S, 863 38, 375 106, 143 40,398 199, 724 105, 502 1, 4 14,799 443, 744 105, 179 307, 177 50, 725 5, 175 518 127 32 2, 687 2, 386 29,304 I, 266 57,01 8 6, 062 16, 809 32, 160 54.2 59, 774 10, 216 815 12, 588 5, 152 2,459 529 1, 610 38, 963 23, 276 84, 612 7, 253 134,224 18,237 67, 929 -- ---- ---74, 411 __ ____ ,. __ _ I, 502 1, 246 30 27 1 293 10, 500 210 1 635 70 33 49 2 61 66 4, 617 123 11 , 527 I, 066 1, 11 8 4, C07 232,398 176,470 197, 185 183, 418 177, 068 137, 980 124,096 --- --- - - - --- - - - --- - -Si 14 349 3, 316 2,635 23,833 58, 399 13,1 89 88 17 374 2, 483 2,317 15, 125 32, 578 15, 502 152 43 525 2, 8 29 2,806 14, 070 29, 522 lfi, 368 200 58 592 2,749 2,710 12, 448 24,008 10,688 243 105 694 3, 151 3, 047 11, 028 18, 610 7, 213 232 92 005 2,521 2, 503 7, 6ll 11, 83 0 4,422 7,4 51 777 386 317 37 1,722 18, 173 2, 324 66 3,292 744 398 59 29 2, 428 2, 09 1 17, 88 1 896 33,034 3, 622 12, 846 22, 009 5,059 289 432 270 33 I, 131 8, 781 2, 018 88 2, 537 793 398 69 80 5, 418 3, 699 14, 576 043 25, 666 3, 168 14, 791 I 7, 74 1 6, 040 6,325 168 779 452 9/i 1,- 078 4, 72 1 2,481 44 9 2,476 I, 98,5 871 207 1, 077 18, 858 10,284 22,009 3,224 24,4 10 5,019 7, 157 11 7 I, 106 796 11-1 962 2, 477 2,700 1, 251 2, 029 2, 382 6, 152 11 3 1, 058 893 122 792 I, 74 0 2, 170 223 94 508 2, 275 2,539 6, 197 9,290 3,177 --- - - - - -- --- - -- --- - -- - - 44, 170 101, 816 68, 484 65,3 15 53, 453 44, 091 29,8 16 24,3 03 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - 2, 866 605 124 HO 8 678 10,727 725 12 1, 004 214 87 19 J 198 229 6, 806 247 12, 457 1,374 2, 845 G, 144 247 701 381 82 1, 177 6,872 2, 452 190 2,744 1, 346 672 126 42 1 12, 000 6, 907 18, 723 1, 820 27,1 30 3, 958 21, 186 16, fi86 15, 143 7,824 1, 4 15 I, 175 2,596 23, 138 19, 623 2 , 325 6,688 22,839 6, 107 1,565 1, 837 2,257 1, 381 J, 185 2, 09 18,04 0 17, 06 21,736 4, 692 18, 161 4, 204 6, 100 85 1,060 I, 074 194 641 1, 280 2,006 1,707 1, 844 2, 276 1, 659 I, 309 3, 767 13,528 17,489 19, 778 4,011 16, 270 3, 71 5

-------- --- -- -·------- --- ----- ----- ---

�Table 27.-City Arr e.s l.s by Age, 1965- Continuccl Age 0 ffense charged 21 22 23 24 25-29 30- 34 35- 39 40-44 45-49 50- 54 55- 59 6D-64 65 and over Not known 94,259 8,267

- - -- ---------11--- --- --- --- --- --- - -- --- - -- -- - --- --- - -- --TOTAL ___ ___ __ ___ ___________________ _____________ 128,547 122, 262 108, 310 102,4 12 405,293 381, 739 415, 273 411 , 459 337, 625 274, 622 181, 672 114, 406

Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter_ _____ __ (b) Manslaughter by negligence ___ _________ __ ______ Forcible rape ____ _________________ ______ ____ _____ ______ Robbery ___ __________________ ______ _____ __ ______ _____ __ Aggravated assault _______ _____ __ _____ ______________ ___ Burglary-breaking or entering _____________ ____ ___ ____ L arceny- theft _____ ___ __ __ ____ --- _______ ___ ____ ______ __ Auto theft_ ______ __ _____ _____ ___ ____ ___ __ __________ ____ - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 234 106 545 2,383 2,824 5, 721 8,244 2,615 235 92 490 2, 183 2,715 5,271 7,323 2, 142 253 82 403 I , 844 2,649 4,479 6, 140 l, 607 245 76 329 I , 607 2,581 3,811 5,534 l , 349 946 249 1, 191 5,437 10,497 12, 702 19,657 3,880 765 173 776 3, 152 8,704 7,938 15, 007 2,220 682 145 481 2,113 7,681 5,416 13,097 1,605 525 130 324 I , 142 5, 9 6 3,432 10,379 1,066 - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - -- 355 106 146 553 3,940 1, 889 7, 545 565 - - 265 90 96 284 2,749 1, 036 6,032 322 162 54 47 130 I , 564 587 3,760 130 105 38 26 60 816 255 2,4 14 48 127 48 25 52 880 I 8 2,569 40 5 3 11 35 22 75 10 - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - Subtotal for above offenses ___ ___ ___ _____ ____ __ ___ 22,672 20,45 1 17, 457 15,532 54,559 38, 744 31,220 22,984 15,099 10,874 6,434 161 3, 762 3, 929

--- --- --- --- ---- --- --- --- --- --Other assaul ts. __ __ __ _________ _____ ___ __ __ ____ _________ -7,026

3,032 9, 420 5,947 6,598 26, 185 21 ,972 19,252 14,993 1,679 7, 161 6,694 1, 607 223 Arson ____ ____ ___ __ _____ _____ ____ ________ ___ _______ _____ 234 193 155 151 97 71 42 68 80 52 66 26 29 1 Forgery an d counterfeiting ___ _______ ______ ______ _______ I , 213 2,427 I , 814 475 1, 169 I, 014 I , 001 3,858 2,961 976 260 111 86 6 Fraud _____ ____________ ________ __ ____ ___________ _______ l , 364 4, 154 2,362 359 24 1 l, 607 I, 554 5,803 5,003 I , 383 666 69 6,674 1,579 Embezzlement_ __ _____ __ _____ _________ ______ ________ ___ 237 101 43 15 578 214 237 920 837 70 1 306 205 230 Stolen property; buying, receiv ing, possessing __ __ __ ____ 461 315 156 85 62 1,270 957 65 1 612 I, 75 1 4 523 466 Vandalism ______ _____________ ______ _________ __________ _ 1, 647 172 1, 513 1, 109 501 257 167 27 932 2, 239 1,676 738 189 812 694 Weapons; carrying, possessing , etc ____ _____ _____ ________ 2, 130 476 489 4,219 1,446 44 1, 983 6,384 4, 916 3, 148 2,159 865 1,705 1,842 Prostitution and commercialized d ee _____ __ __ ________ _ 2,406 204 195 20 2, 704 1,553 355 3,814 889 645 2,261 6,860 3, 162 2,443 700 788 I , 570 5, 028 4,695 3, 690 1, 018 56 Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) _____ 1, 982 2, 188 6,043 l , 972 l , 730 1, 693 Narcotic drug laws __ ___ ______ ______ __ __________________ 2,619 122 142 13 2,045 249 8. 072 5,958 3,981 846 496 2,496 2,036 2,385 Gambling _____ ____ ____ _______ ____________ ________ __ ___ 2,434 4,260 4, 418 42 6,460 2,764 14 , 043 14, 505 14,458 l:l, 175 10,733 9,406 2,434 2,556 Offenses against family and children ________ _______ ____ 1,536 215 6, 103 24 186 7,738 6,83 1 4,453 2, 434 1, 78 1 l , 33 l 530 l, 776 1, 791 Driving nnder tbe inflnence ______ ________ ___________ __ _ 5,371 5,700 3,599 160 5, 734 5,319 24,226 25,629 29, 057 28,732 22, 842 17,697 10, 44 5,453 Liq nor laws __ _____ __ __ ____ _____ ___ ____ ___ ______ __ ______ 3, 710 1, 742 1,516 55 2,879 6,366 4, 452 1,820 6,067 5,851 6, 159 5, 288 2,799 2,092 Drunkenness __________________ ________ __ ______ ________ 26,643 26, 105 24, 250 24, 447 111 ,579 135,926 183, 928 212, 946 194, 553 Hi6, 790 11 5, 295 73,975 59, 440 4,742 Disorderly conduct_ _____ ________ _____ .____ ________ ___ __ 21, 274 19,412 16, 474 15,006 56,883 50,663 51, 279 46, 770 34,294 25,583 16, l83 10, 539 8,082 1, 463 Vagrancy ___ ______ ______________ _________ __ __ __ ________ 4, 042 4, 744 3,843 6,930 134 8,839 10,527 11, 526 LO, 389 9, 735 9, 722 3,621 2, 658 3. 078 All other offenses (except traffic) _______________ _____ ___ 8, 193 4,837 4,904 993 538 15,513 13,226 12, 405 43. 987 35. 415 32. 736 27,681 19,319 14,160 Susp1c1on _________________________________ ____ _________ 16, 923 640 536 30 4, 908 3,992 3, 147 2, 232 3, 47 l. 508 2, 700 2, 307 7, 269 3, 029 Curfew and loitering law violat ions _____ _______________

----- --- -------- -------- -- ----- -------- -------- --- ----- --- --- -- ---- ---- ------ -- -- ------ -------Runaways ___ _________ ___ __ __ ______________ __ ___ __ ___

--- -- --- ----- --- - ---- ----- - - - - - - - ----

---- ------ -- ----- --- -- -- ---- -- ------ ----- --- ---- ---- ----- -- - -------- ------ --

�Table 28 . -City Arrests of Persons Unde r 15, Under 18, Unde r 21 , and Unde r 25 Years of Age, 1965 [3,083 cities over 2,500; 1965 estimated population 101,652,000] Grand tot•! all ages TOTAL _____ _____ ___ ____ _____ _____ _________ _____ ___ ______ ____•.- _____ ~~{~~l~g~!~~'.143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)-15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)143.215.248.55::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::=:=:::::::::: Su btotal for above offenses . ____ _________ _______ ____ ___ __ ___ __ ___ __ _ P Nx iif!!ll!Iiiillll:l;li\l\\ll\i :Ili l l il i l 1 Less than one-tenth of one percent . 18 15 18 Under 21 Under 25 21 25 8. 7 21. 1 - - - -- 945, 24 1 1, 384,405 8,635 42, 134 73, 606 162, 281 338, 543 89, 095 102 24 455 5, 175 4, 063 43,055 HH,929 15,11 7 542 142 I , 946 13,236 11, 896 84,698 191,037 56, 675 1,240 433 3,753 21,183 19,985 IO<J, 534 230, 767 71, 487 2,207 789 5, 520 29,200 30, 754 128,816 258,008 79, 200 I. 7 1. 3 5. 3 12. 3 5. 5 26.5 31.0 17.0 8.8 7. 8 22. 5 31. 4 16.2 52. 2 56. 4 63. 6 722, 260 172,920 360, 172 458, 382 534,494 23. 9 49. 9 29, 333 3,332 2,458 I, 563 256 6, 079 59, 774 10,2 16 8 15 48, 742 3,647 5,682 4, 326 686 8, 474 65,27 1 17,092 5,338 18,298 12, 067 6,9 14 4,198 JO, 971 93,669 77, 456 154, 45 1 22,644 191,494 32,263 67,929 74,4 11 76,22 1 3, 913 10,079 IO, 430 I, 572 10,722 68, 898 24, 752 15,610 25. 675 21,603 17, 102 11 ,0 2 32,848 104,090 178,901 226,6 17 36,043 249, 176 43, 777 67, 929 74,4 11 6. 6 53. 5 2. 4 I. 2 16. 2 67. 8 10. 7 4. 2 4. 8 37. 0 77. 3 20. 9 2. 5 24. 5 11. 8 2. 3 1. 3 .8 27. 0 I. 6 16. 0 6. 5 30. 4 26. 4 100. 0 100.0 l= = ==I V dal ism " __ _____ Y, _________________ YI g, g, __ possessmg_ --- -- --- -- - -- --- ---Wan ___ __ ___ ___- -____________________ __ --___ -_ eap ons: carr yJpg, possessing, etc __________ __ ____ __________ ______ ____ __ __ 1 tutlon and commercialized vice __ _____ __ ______ __ ______ ________ __ __ __ S rosto!I~nses (excep t forcible rape and prostitution) _____ ___ ______ _____ __ __ 15 388, 168 4,470,560 R~b143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST) rape:::::: : : : ::::::::::::- - -- - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - - -- - -- - - -- - - -- - -- -- - Aggravated assaul t._ ______ _______ - - - - --- - Under Under Under Under Under ____ ,____ ,_____ ,_Under ____, ____ - -· 1,845, 945 1= == = 1 Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligen t manslaughter __ ____ ___ ___ _______ _____ __ 6, 144 F (b) Manslaughter by negligence __ ___ ___ _____ ____ _________ ____ __ ______ 1, 822 il~ii:~':·,,:~~'.+t t+::t:::::m:: Percentage N umber of persons arrested 0 !Iense charged 180, 531 4, 912 23,053 37, 144 5, 310 16,434 77,297 48, 898 32,849 51,45 1 43, 527 108,602 40, 927 201, 334 144,465 1, 438, 075 528, 356 112, 432 441, 40 1 68, 962 67, 929 74,4 11 = 11,909 2, 628 546 454 46 2, 693 39,400 3,265 79 4, 83 1 1,028 5 18 127 32 2, 687 2, 386 29,304 1,266 57,018 6,062 10,809 32, 160 12,588 5, 152 2,459 529 1,6 10 38,963 23,276 84, 612 7,253 134,224 18,237 67, 929 74, 41 I .9 16. 4 51.0 6. 7 .2 ' 9. 4 2. 4 .5 .3 (') 1. 9 .2 5. 5 I. I 12.0 8. 8 24. 7 43. 2 = 31. 0 - --- = 41. 3 20. 2 23. 8 43. 5 50. 3 27. 2 67. 5 68.2 so. 2 35. 9 43. 3 63. 0 69. 3 41. 8 70. 4 76. 2 88.0 27.0 74. 2 24. 6 I I. 6 12. 9 51. 6 84. 4 35. 0 16. 3 35. 6 27. 7 6. 4 10.3 5. 4 64 . 8 5. 4 29. 2 20. I 43. 4 46. 8 100.0 100. 0 79. 7 43. 7 28.1 29. 6 65. 2 89. 1 50. 6 47. 5 49. 9 49. 6 15. 7 27. I 16. 3 72. I 12. 4 42. 9 32. I 56. 5 63. 5 100. 0 100.0 - -- - --- - 74. 0 63. 5 - -- 42. 2 �Table 29.-City Arre s ts, Dis tribution by Se,~, 1965 [3,083 cities 01-cr 2,500; 196!i estimated populat ion 101,652,000] N u mber of Persons Arrested 0 ffense charged Total Malo Female Percent ma le Percent of total Percent female Total - - - - - - -TOTAL. . . . .... . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . ... .... . . . ... . . . .....•. . . ........ .. . . ..... ...... Cri minal homicide: (a) M urder and nonneglig_ e nt mauslaughteL ... .. .. . . . . . . . .... . . ... . . . . . ........ . (b) M anslaughter by negligence. . .... ... ...... ... .... . . . . . . . ...... . . . . .... ...... . F orcible rape ... •.... ... ... •. . . . . . ••.•.. ... . . . . . . •.. . . . . . . . . . ••.. ••...•. . . . . .......... R obbery . ..... •. . . •. . ....... ... .... ... . ..... ..... ...... . . . .... .. . ...... . .. . .. . ... . ... 4, 470, 560 Other assaults . . . • . •. . .. •... ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . ... . . . . .. .. . ... . . . Arson . . . . . ... . . . ... . . . ..... . . . . . . .. . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . .. . ... . . . . . . . ...•. . . ... . . . .... . . . . . F orger y a nd counterfeiting . . . ... . . . •. . . . . . . •. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . ...• . . . . . . .•. . . . . . . . . ... Fraud . . . . . . . . . . .•. . .•.. ..•.. . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. ... . . . ............. . .. . . .. . ... Em bczzlement. . ... . • .. . •. ... .... . . .... .... . . . . ........ . . ... . . . . . ..... . . . . . ..... ... .. Stolen proper t y; buyi ng, receivi ng, possessing .... .• . . . . . . . . . . .•. . . . . . ... . .. ... . . . .. .. Va ndalism . .. . . . . . . . . ..•. . . . . .....•.. . ... . . .. . ..... .... .. . .. . .. .. .............. . .. ... i~-~~g143.215.248.55io<;;1 :,;b 1 0 J'o,~~!~~f:J'i~·e~t~icc~: : : : : : : : : : : ::::: ::: :: : : : : : : ::: : : . : : : : :: : : : : : :::: Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prosLiLUtion) ........ . ....... . . . .............. . . N arcotic d rug la ws . · · ···· · · ·-· -··--· - · · · · · · ···· ····· ·· · · · · · · · ·· · · ·· · · · · · · · · ·· · · ·· ···· Ga m bli ng . . . . . . . . . . .... . ... . . . .. · ·•··········· ····· · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ··· · ·· · ····· Offenses against famil y aod cbildren .. . . .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .... . . . .. ... . . . Driving under t he influence . · · · · - · - · ··· · · · · · · ···· · · · · · · · · · · · · · ···· · · ··· · · · · ·· ··· · · · ·· Liquor laws . . . . .. .... . . . . · · · · · ··· ·-·- ····· . ... . . • .. · - . .... . . . ... .. ... . ... .. ......•... D runkenness .. . ... . ... . . . . . . . .... ... ... •. . . .... .. .. ... . ..... . .. . .. . . . . .. . . ... . . .. •. . . Disorderl y cond uct . . . ... . . . . ... . . . . . .... . . . . . ... . ...•.. ................•.... . . .. .. . . . Vagrnncy. . . . . . . . . . •. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . • . .. . .......... . . . . . . . ......... .... . . . ....... . . . . t ,\~g}:l143.215.248.55.143.215.248.55.s~~. '.15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST): .t:.a.~ .c}_-~:::: : : ::: : :: : : : : : :: : : : : :: : : : : : : :: : : : ::: : : : : : ::: : :: :: Curfew and loitering law viola I ions . ... . . . . ... . ........... . ........... . .....•.. .. . . . . R u na ways····· · · · · · · · · · · - · ······ · · · · · ·········· ··· · · · · · ·· ·· ... . .....•.... . •..... .... . 1 Recause of rounrlin~. 1lw percentages mny ~ l .11>..;~ 1han 0 11P-1r n th of om• 1,1·rc·rn 1 110 1 adrl to 101n l. 542, 246 87, 9 12. 1 100. 0 1=====11=====1=====1= = =1,== =i==~=i 2,244 10,575 6,186 7 , 533 3, 726 8 1. g 89. 8 100. 0 94. 7 85. 6 96. 2 76. 8 95. 8 6 19, 700 J02, 560 160,591 4,508 18, 626 29,283 4, 3 3 15, 062 72, 4(i2 4:), 574 7,352 43, 4 11 37, 697 JOO, 0 9 36,424 187,865 126,998 I, 327, 0-14 460, 295 IOI, 692 374, 8(i3 6 1,249 19,940 404 4,427 7, 861 927 I, 372 4, 835 3, 324 25, 497 8,040 ,'j,830 6, 144 1, 822 8,635 42, 134 73,606 162,281 338, 643 89,095 5,033 1, 637 , 635 39, 890 63, 031 156,095 260, 01 0 85, 369 722, 260 180,531 4, 912 23, 053 37, 144 5,310 16, 434 77, 297 48, 898 32, 849 51, 451 43, 527 108, 602 40, 927 201, 334 144, 465 1,438, 075 528, 356 112,432 441,401 68, 962 67, 929 74,411 143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)t:i~~b~!~;i ~~.ii~"terfnii::::::::::=:=:=:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: Larceny-theft. . .... . . •.•.. ...... . . .... . . .. . . . . . . . . ... . . .. . . . .. . .. . ... .... .. . ... .. . . . Au to t heft . . . . . . . • . . ........ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . ...... . • . . . . . . . ... . . ..... . ....... . . . ,_____ Su btotal for a bove offenses ... . ... . . . . . . . . . .. ..... . . . . . . . . ..... . . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . 3, 928,314 I= = = 5.\ 3.~7 37, 789 J, 111 185 8, 5 13 4,503 13, 469 17,467 11 l, 031 68, 0fil IO, 740 6li, 538 7, 7 13 12,572 36, 622 I .J 10. 2 ialc - - -- - = 100. 0 .I (' ) 5. 3 .g 14. 4 3. 8 23. 2 4. 2 l. 6 3.6 7. 6 2. 0 85. 8 14. 2 16. 2 89. 0 9 1. 8 80. 78. 8' 82. 5 91. 7 93. 7 93. 2 22, 4 84. 4 86. 6 92. 2 89.0 93. 3 87. 9 92.3 87. J 90. 4 84. 9 88. 8 81. 5 50. 11.0 8. 2 19. 2 21. 2 17. 5 8. 3 6. 3 6. 8 77. 6 15. 6 13. 4 7. 8 11. 0 6. 7 12. l 7. 7 12. 9 9. 6 15. I 11. 2 l .5 49. 2 4. 0 .1 .5 .8 .I .4 J.7 J. l .7 J. 2 1. 0 2.4 .9 4. 5 3. 2 32. 2 l l. 8 2. 5 9. 9 J. 5 1. 5 1.7 Female = - -100. 0 .1 (' ) .2 1 .2 (') .2 1.0 1. 6 4. 0 6. 6 2. 2 .4 2. 0 I. I 14. 5 .7 15. 8 18. 9 4. 1 .1 .5 .7 .I 3. 7 .l .8 ]. 4 .2 .3 .9 - -- - - - - - .4 1. 8 l. 2 .2 I. I 1.0 2. 5 .9 4. 8 3. 2 .6 J. 6 I. 4 4. 7 1. 5 LI I. 6 .8 2. 5 3. 2 20. 5 12. 6 2. 0 12. 3 1. 4 2. 3 1.0 6.8 33. S l 1. 7 2.G 9. 5 �Table 30.- City Arrest T rends by Sex, 1964- 65 [2,647 cities over 2,500; 1965 est im ated population 94,084,000] Females Males · O ITense cbnrged 1964 TOTAL___ __ _____ __________________ ___ _ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and non negligent manslaughter ____________ ___ ____ ___ ____ (b) Manslaughter by negligence _________ Forcible rape __ _________ __________ ____ ___ ___ _ Robbery __ __ ___ ______ ________ __________ ____ _ Aggravated assault_ _______ ____ _____________ _ Burglary-breaking or enterin g____ __ ____ ____ Larceny-theft_ __ _____ ________ __________ ____ Anto theft_ ___ --- -- - -- --------- -- - -- ---- -- -Subtotal for above offenses __ __ ___ ___ __ 143.215.248.55'.;~ assaults ________ ___ ____ ---::::: ::::::- _ Forger y and counterfeiting _________ _____ _:: ~~b~izie,,;eiii:: :::::::: :_ -----------------Stolc1~ propert y; bu yin g, receiving, -pQS:- v!~'a'!\1~m~:::::::::::::-------------------- Weap~m s;_ carry ing, possessing, etc __ __ _::: : :: Prost1Lut1on and commerc ialized vice Sex offenses (except forcible rape a nd p~osii:- ~;~~1\1f~~:l~,~~::: ::: : :::::--- --- --:::::: Offenses against famil y a nd children -- -Driving under the influence _______ - ---- -- - ,~,143.215.248.55===:

=:=:=:::::::=:= :: _________{?~irt~~{e

isorderly conduct _____ _____ ___ __ ____ __ ___ _: 1 agrancy ___ _-- - -- --- --- --- - ------ -- ---- -- -All other offenses ( except traffic) ____ ___ ___ __ Suspicion (not included in totals) ____ _______ Curfew and loitering law violations __ _______ Ru na,vnys. ____________ __ ___________________ -- - Under 18 Total - · 1965 P ercent change 1964 1965 Percent change . Total 1964 1965 Under 18 Percent change 147, 202 +8.5 +3.8 -10. 5 34 15 35 16 +2, 9 +6. 7 3, 483 +5.1 +6. 1 + 10_.3 - 5.0 1, 299 2, 69 1 31,253 2,383 1,428 2,775 35,664 2,278 +o.9 +3. 1 + 14. 1 -4.4 18,471 380 4, 139 7,410 896 + 1.0 +.3 - 2.0 +2. 1 - 21. 2 3,808 184 466 696 18 170 479 258 40 - 7.6 +2.8 - 62. 9 + 122.2 1,284 4, 138 2, 868 23,265 1,177 4,359 3, 131 25,033 -8. 3 +5. 3 +9.2 +7.6 392 2,643 330 394 359 2, 660 320 593 - 8.4 +.6 - 3.0 +50.5 8,78 1 5,185 8,682 4, 312 12,585 15,456 105,301 62,322 JO, 630 60, 486 8, 255 11, 605 28,253 7, 450 5,553 8,305 4,098 12, 487 16,042 I OI, 928 62, 777 9,637 61, 738 6,680 JI, 481 34, 122 -15.2 + 7. 1 - 4.3 - 5.0 - .8 +3.8 -3.3 +.7 -9. 4 + 2. 1 -19. 0 -1. 1 + 20. 8 3,606 414 73 131 57 4, 314 1,943 JO, 716 751 26,505 1,814 JI, 605 28,253 3, 138 555 75 156 66 4,577 - 15. 1 +34. 1 +2. 7 +19. 1 + 15.8 +6. 1 + 12. 5 +7.0 +20.1 - .5 - 5.3 - 1. 1 +20.8 + 2.2 485, 080 498, 727 +2. 4 454 113 I , 668 11, 480 9,386 72,680 146,575 53,264 488 115 1,876 12,109 9, 912 76,597 142,018 51,039 + 7.5 +1.8 + 12.5 +5.5 +5. 6 +5.4 -3. 1 -4.2 1,007 190 1,045 170 9,518 5,437 66,668 3,667 JO, 001 5, 802 21,582 2,571 1,952 2, 143 143 23,295 2,882 1,832 1, 23 1 210 + 12. 1 - 6. l - 42.6 +46.9 18,294 379 4,224 7,260 1, 137 + 1.6 +6. 1 +7.6 - 30.6 5,250 48,968 8,694 198 5, 193 51,502 0,253 216 -1.1 +5.2 +6.4 +9. 1 -7.3 + 12. 3 - .3 - 6. 0 + 1.1 +10.8 - 1.8 + 7.5 - 14.8 +.6 - 21.5 +2. 3 +6.9 9,221 3, 001 2,43 1 397 I, 362 27,545 17, 124 62,428 6,5 12 98,055 14,54 1 49,781 32,273 8,382 4,224 2, 292 308 1, 407 30,946 19, 142 67,054 6,000 98,442 13, 455 50,918 34, 500 - 9.1 +40.8 - 5. 7 - 22. 4 +3.3 + 12.3 + 11. 8 +7.4 -6.9 - .5 -7. 5 +2. 3 + 6.9 +.3 4,360 I , 592 7,932 36,973 56,520 139,997 250,588 81, 900 4,719 1,504 8, 125 37, 798 59, 237 145,967 24 1,519 80, 129 +8. 2 - 5.5 +2.4 +2.2 +4.8 +4.3 - 3.6 - 2.2 579,862 578, 998 -. 1 149, 124 3, 662 17, 745 28, 385 5, 160 148, 5JI 4,160 17, 362 27, 778 4,252 - .4 + 13.6 -2. 2 - 2. 1 -1 7. 6 13,606 62,318 30, 540 10,379 13,817 66, 125 42,543 7,208 44,068 32,036 97,980 36, 276 170, 431 105, 810 I, 257,975 302, 946 99,478 343,614 60, 444 49,781 32, 273 40,834 35,988 97, 645 34,091 173, 354 117, 214 I, 235,393 422,422 84,719 345, 700 54,520 50, 918 34,500 - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - -- - .5 294, 154 295,620 - - -- = + 7.9

- -- - -- 135, 818 713, 443 3,583, 532 Percent change 1965 - - - - - - -- - - - - ---- - 698, 151 3,572,449 1964 - --- -- ------- ---------- -------554 --- ---------------- -- ---------576 +4. 0 2,093 +2.2 2,047 ---88,534 -- 73,510 - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 42, 772 + u .9 38, 229 96, 113 +8. 6 - --= +16. 9 4,453 2, 185 11 ,470 902 26,371 1,718 11,481 34,122 �Table 31. - City Arrests by Race, 1965 [3,069 cities ornr 2,500; 1965 estimated populat ion 92,880,000] Total arrests Race O fiense charged Total White Negro All others (includ es J a panese Chinese Indian race un- known ) --TOTAL ________ ____ ____ ___ ____ _ 4, 234, 008 2, 815, 121 1, 278, 817 97, 422 Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligent manslau ghter _____ ___ - - - - - (b) Manslaugh ter by negligence_ Forcible rape __ _-- -- ---- -- ---- --- ---. Robber y_ .. __ _------ -- --- -- - -- - - - - -- Aggravated assault ____ __ _________ __ __ Burglary- breaking or entering ____ __ Larceny- theft_ __ _____ ____ _-- - - - - - - Auto theft . __ _______________ ____ . ____ 5, 425 1, 770 7,567 36, 545 60, 418 151, 825 323, 764 82, 125 1,978 1, 340 3,247 14, 247 25,996 93,098 214, 633 54,805 3. 349 4ll 4, 198 21,64 7 33, 520 55,875 103, 298 25, 187 27 7 ~5 237 357 788 2, 051 581 Subtotal for above offenses _____ 669, 439 409, 344 247,485 4,083 96,420 3,389 15,992 27,463 3, 848 68, •184 1, 053 4,767 7,215 717 927 12 101 101 11 8,364 56, 185 19,96 1 5, 151 15, 446 25, 028 58 222 194 11,968 17,400 137 33, 461 16,869 17,855 23,871 155,5 10 109, 111 997,083 282, 166 76,976 294 , 106 47, 528 50,573 57, 078 12,974 11,816 62, 196 16, 225 35,309 29,466 342,475 173,8 15 26,977 125,597 20, 567 14, 403 176 70 25 228 2,102 2, 308 74,213 4, 767 2,4 76 3,394 518 482 817 Other assaults __ ___ _----- - --- __ ____ . . 167, 849 Arson ____ ____ ____ -- - - - -- ---- ________ _ 4,494 Forgery and coun terfeitiug ______ ___ __ 20,94 1 Fraud ____ _____ ___ ________ __ ___ ______ 34, 991 Embezzlement ___ ___ ___ . ____ _____ . __ _ 4, 589 Stolen property ; buying, receiv ing, possessing ._ . __________ __ ____ _______ 13, 743 Vandalism .. ___ _____________ ___ __ ____ 72, 540 W capons; carrying, possessing, etc __ 45, 744 Prostitution and commerciali zed vice _______ ___________ ______________ 29, 748 Sex offenses (except forcible rap e and prostitut ion) __ ____ ____________ 47,368 Narcotic drug laws ____ _____ ________ __ 29, 322 Gambling ____ ___ ____ ---- __ ___ __ . . ____ 83, 674 Offenses against family, aud children . 40, 594 D ri ving under the influence _______ ___ 194, 077 Liquor laws __ ____ _______ ____________ _ 142, 052 Vagrancy ______ ______ ___ __ - -- -- - -- - - - 107, 415 427, 020 68, 799 67, 134 73, 558 D ru nkenness- __ ________ __ ______ . ___ . 1, 422, 446 Disorderl y conduct ____ ___ ___ ·---- - -- 466,47 1 All other offenses (except traffic) ____ Susp1c10n _____ -- ------------ ----- -- .. Curfew and loitering law violations .. Runaways ____ _____ ·- ---------- ·----- 126 14, 251 1, 230 --- 2. 822 38, 596 4 1 2 20 21 135 296 10,5 64 10 83 389 51 l 1,870 3. 271 1,41 6 584 71G14 2 83 1 15 20 1 I. 90·1 38 57 181 10 5 27 16 18 30 23 147 630 522 11 28 204 36 24 176 3 41 29 135 51 30 142 73 49 392 9 130 67 4 1l 86 l28 264 5 33 1 3 1 2 5 13 59 215 31 - - 329 --31 1 9 11 11 52 58 74 648 494 3. 030 258 985 1, 071 , 129 5. .ssn 828 3, 5 17 170 I. 293 I , 2S11 �Table 31.-City Arre sts by Race, 1965- Continued Arrests under 18 Race 0 ffe nse cha rged C hi- J a pa - All others (includ es nese nese race un- Total White Negro India n know n ) - - - -- -- - - -- - ---1- - - -1- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -TOTAL ____ _______ _____ ___ ___ __ C r im inal homicide : ( a) M urder a nd non negligen t m an sla ugh ter _________ (b) M a nslaughter by neglige~ce~ For cib ley rape_--- -- --________ - - --------Robber ____ ________ __ ___---__ _ Aggrava ted assa ul t_ _______ ____ ____ __ B urgla r y-br eak ing or en ter ing ______ L a r ceny -theft __ __ _______ __ ___ _-- - __ Auto theft ______ ________ ___ ___ __ ___ __ 905, 086 426 135 1, 684 10, 920 9, 720 79, 939 183, 819 53, 429 S ub total for a b ove offenses ____ 340, 072 Oth er assa ul ts __-- ---- __ __- ---. - - - - -A rson __ --- - - - -- -- --- - --- --- -- - . -- - -For ger y a nd counterfeit ing _______ ___ Frau d __- ___-- ___ __ __ _ -- - - - - - - . - - - - - . Embezzlemen t_ __ __ ______ ____ - - - _. - Stolen proper ty ; b u y ing, receiv i.ng, possess ing __ . _______ . ___ . _____ ____ _ Va n d a lis m __ ___ ___ ___ ______ ______ __ \\"ea pons ; carr y ing, possessing, e t c __ _ Pros t i t u t ion a nd com merci a lized \ice.------ - ---- --- - -- ------ -- ----Sex offen ses (except for cible rape and prostitu t ion) ______ __ _______ ____ ___

-,/arcotic drug laws __ _______ ___ _- -- . .

Gamb ling __ --- ---- - - -------- ---- - - -Offenses aga inst fam ily a nd childr en . D r i,, ing under the infl uence _ _____ ___ Liquor laws ___ ____ ____ __ __ _______ ___ Dru nke n ness_ .. ________ __ - - - - - - - . - - D isor derl y condu ct ___ ._. ___ - - - - - - - - - 26,446 3, 111 2, 266 1, 487 228 Vagrancy __ _____-- - - -- -- -- ---- -- - - - - - A ll oth er offenses (except traffi c) ___ __ S us p icion .. ___. _._._._. ________ - - - -- C urrew a n d loiter ing law v iola tions __ Runaways __ _________________ __- - ___ _ 5, 716 56, 474 9, 481 = 633, 018 = 252, 957 135 100 503 2,928 4,092 49, 964 122,854 36, 632 276 33 1, 139 7,816 5, 462 28, 185 57,625 15, 327 14, 027 2, 465 1, 768 1, 038 179 II , 843 607 462 419 45 3,587 45, 630 5, 197 1,998 10, 269 4, 104 5, 625 - -- 433 - -- 1 - -------

---- --- --1

4 25 43 343 854 266 996 12, 057 - -- - -- 1 2 -2 44 11 9 27 2 3 87 176 81 5 95 6 19 - - - -- -- 2 1 15 1 1 1 14 1 37 147 118 I , 316 2, 191 1, 096 - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - -4, 920 21 7, 208 11 5, 863 I , 536 195 350 - - - - - - - - - - - -= 785 316 465 11, 755 3, 869 2, 107 504 1, 576 38, 622 23, 013 80, 724 6, 473 13 1,582 18, 103 67, 134 73, 558 7, 729 2, 707 3, 71 6 996 I , 463 521 390 l, '129 35,650 18,898 53, 411 4, 558 95, 757 12, 902 50,573 57, 078 Ill 11 3 2, 254 3,082 26, 186 1,599 33, 691 5, 017 14,403 14, 251 l 461 32 16 27 2 2 22 7 10 18 JO 96 400 137 4 19 13 4 3 3 - - - - -- - 22 2 459 6 1 846 18 320 4 60 617 52 121 52 482 817· 58 12 6 9 275 143 111 15 4 13 43 80 1 331 74 238 182 776 209 1,385 62 ! , 293 1, 280 23 135 26 2

--- --- ---10-

127 �Table 31.-City Arrests by Race, 1965- Continued Arrests 18 and ov er R ace 0 ITense charged Total TOTAL .. --- · - -·- ---- --- - - --·- · 3, 328,922 White Negro 2, 182. 103 I , 025, 860 India n 91, 797 J a panese All others (includ es race unknown) 797 1, 826 26. 539 3 4 50 g Chinese

- --=== Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligent manslaugbter _____ __ . - _- -- _ (bl Manslaughter by negligence_ Forcible rape.·--- - -- --- --- ·-- -- ---·. Robbery ___. . . - - . -- - - -- -- --- - - - . - -- . Ag1;rarntcd assaulL - · --- ---- - --· .... Burglary- breaking or entering ____ __ Larceny-theft __ ____ ____ ------ -- -.. Auto t heft. ______ __________ ___- . --- . - 4, 999 I, 843 3. 073 26 I , 240 I, 635 378 7 5, 883 2, 744 3,059 31 25, 626 11 , 319 13,831 21 2 21. 904 50, 698 28,058 314 71,886 43, 134 27, 690 445 139, 945 91, 779 45,673 1, 197 28, 696 18, 173 9,860 31 5 1 - - - - -11- - - - -1- - - - -1- - -Subtotal for above offenses __ _. 329, 367 192, 136 131,622 2, 547 1 1 3 15 96 4 2 18 18 48 120 24 1. 080 320 134 234 2,694 11 46 242 393 5,=;.1

= 1==56,==1

= =26= ==1==~ = Other assaults______ ______ _____ __ ____ = 141, 403 1 82,393 641 832 68 I. 44 ;3 Arson__ _____ __ ________ _____ __ ______ _ 1, 383 924 446 6 1 6 Forger y a nd counterfeiting____ ___ __ 18,675 14, 224 4, 305 82 9 14 41 Fraud _____ ______ ___ _____ __ ___ _______ 33, 504 26, 425 6, 796 99 11 19 154 Embezzlement_ _______ ___ _______ ____ 4, 361 3, 669 672 11 1 8 Stolen property; buying, receiving, possessing___ _____ __ __ __ ______ __ ___ 8, 027 4, 777 3, 153 35 3 8 51 Va ndalism ____ __ ___ __ _______________ 16, 066 10,555 5, 177 87 5 12 230 W eapons; carrying, possessing, etc___ 36, 263 14,764 20, 924 168 9 13 385 Prost itu tion and commercialized vice. 28,963 11 , 652 16. 935 136 11 27 202 Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution)- -- - · - - -- - · --·-- ·35, 613 25, 732 9, 258 157 32 61 373 N arcotic drug laws_ _______ _______ ___ 25, 453 14,162 10, 820 57 20 43 351 Gambling ___ _______ ___ --- ------· - ·-Bl , 567 17, 334 60, 733 22 176 383 2. 919 Offenses against fam ily and children. 40, 090 23, 481 16, 11 4 225 3 9 258 Drivmg undertbe influence _____.... 192,501 154, 081 35, 196 2, 0 0 39 130 975 Liquor laws _-- --- - --- - -- - - - -- ---~--- 103, 430 73, 461 27,212 1, 849 23 52 833 D run kenness_·-- - - ----- - -- --------·- I, 399, 433 97 , 185 339, 393 73, 367 134 407 7, 947 Disorderl y cond uct ____ _____________ _ 385, 747 228, 755 147, 629 4, 447 33 73 4, 810 Vagrancy ···------------- - ----------- 100, 942 72, 41 8 25,378 2,4 16 26 85 619 All other ofTca ses (except traffic) _____ 295, 438 198, 349 91,906 2, 777 90 184 2. 132 Suspicion . ___ - ---- - -- --- - ---------· 50,696 34,626 15, 550 397 11 4 108 Curfew and loitering law· violations __ -- -- -----Runaways _________ __ _--- - ------ -- --- -- - -----·. 0 128 �Tabl e 32. - Suburban Arrest Tre nds, 1964- 65 [1,281 agencies ; 1965 estimated popul ation 25,896,000)_ Number of persons nrrested Offense charged TOTAL __ ·-- ----- ....... ... _.... . .. . .. . . ....... .. .. . . .. ...... . Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligcnt manslaughter .. .. ... ... . . . .. •. . .. . (b) Manslaughter by negligence ......... . . .. .. . . . . . . ..... .. .. .. . !143.215.248.55;lt~~:~;~1=t~~= : : : : :: : : :: : : : : : : : : : : : . : : : ::: : : : : :: :: :: : :::: :: :: Burglar y-break ing or entering ..... . ... ... . . . . . . . . . . ...••.... . . . . .•. x143.215.248.55erli~t.1:~r.t: : : : : : : : :: : : : : :: : · · ::::::: :: : :: : : ·:: : : : : : : : :: : : :: : : : : : Snbtotal for above offenses . . ...•... .. .... ... . . . . . , .. . ..... ... . 1964 1965 568, 818 594, 582 623 /i22 1,272 3,4 17 8, 415 28, 666 60,508 15,047 650 473 1, 340

i, 928

9,474 20,583 62,600 14 , 700

118,470 122, 766 l= = == I = = = = 27,367 28, 165 942 1, 234 4,320 4,447 7,645 7,952

=··· · · =· ===========

I , 689 1, 804 Stolen J)roperty; buying, receiving, possess ing..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . 2,367 2,425 ... . . .. . ....... . . .... ... .......... . Vandal!sm 15, 837 17,588 Weapons : carry ing, possess ing, etc ___ ________ ----- ---- -- - -- -- ------5, 327 5,581 Prost itut ion a nd commercialized vice ... . .. ... . ···· ·· ··· · · · · · ····•·· 745 827 Sex offonses (except forcible rape and prostitntion) ::: :: : : : : : : :: : :::: 7, 773 7,4 26 2,070 3,001 3, 794 3, 203 10,480 10,852 as,626 38,578 24, 846 28,918 111 , :i 114,483 60,183 64 , JOO R, 711 7,788 All other offenses (except t raffic) ... . . . ... . . . ...... . ...... .... . . . . . . 87, 608 89, 137 Suspicion (not included in totals) .... . ..•. . . . . ... . ................. · 11 ,487 10,900 Curfew and loiteri ng law violations . . .. . ....... .... . . . . . ' . . . . . ..... . 13,070 15,767 Runaways ... . . . ... . ........ ..•. •.. . ... . . .• . . . ... .. . .. . .. .. . ..•.. . .. 14 ,459 17, 94 0 tiiz~::;i 143.215.248.55i143.215.248.55i143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)==:::=:=::::: ii~tf~~::~it(~ i ~~:~:~::: : : 18 years of age anr! over Under 18 years of age Total all ages Percent change +7.9 392, 610 404, 484 + 3. 0 +16. 7 - 37. 0 + 4.2 +21.0 + 12.8 +2. 1 +4.6 -3. 7 581 476 1,080 2,703 7, 130 12,383 25,065 5,059 610 444 1,140 3,021 8, 035 12,959 25,528 5, 089 - 6. 7 + 5.6 +11 . 8 +1 2. 6 +4. 7 +1. 8 +.6 65,940 +3. I 54 ,486 56,826 + 4.3 3,989 919 4Jl 24., 37 953 15, 291 l , i 50 18 2,205 fi07 158 144 414 10,867 4,773 17, 182 714 29, 714 2,960 15, 767 17,940 +15. 3 + 38.2 +3.3 + 23. 7 + 54.2 - 6. 9 + 9. 2 +1 2.3 + s o. o - 3.2 +69.1 - 30. 4 - 41.0 + 8.9 +12. 1 +12. g + 21. 7 -4. 2 - 4. 2 - 15. 6 +20.6 +24. I 23,907 2i7 3,922 7,447 l, 665 1, 343 1,839 a, 768 733 5,432 2,3 11 3,567 10, 236 3ll, 246 15, 155 107, 656 46,065 7,966 56, 58g 7,979 24,176 315 4, 036 7,707 1, 767 I , 472 2, 297 a,831 809 5, 161 2,994 3, 045 10,708 3S, 164 18, 051 100, 71 0 46,918 7, 074 59,423 7,940 +1.1 +13. 7 +2.9 +3.5 + 6. l + 9.6 + 24.9 +1. 7 +10. 4 - 5.0 +29.fi - 14. 6 +4. fi - .2 +19.1 +1.0 + 1. 0 -11.2 +4. 5 176,208 190, 098 +5. 8 - 0.4 +5. 3 +15.0 + 12.6 + 3.2 + 3.5

-2, 2

42 46 192 714 1,276 16, 283 35,443 9,988 40 20 200 907 1, 439 16,624 37,072 9,620 + 3. 6 63,984 -1 5.G +3.5 - .I +16.4 +2.3 +6.5 -10.6 + 1. 7 - 5. 1 +20.6 +24. l 3,460 6fi5 398 19S 24 1,024 13,998 l , 559 12 2,34 1 359 227 244 aso 9,69 1 4, 227 14, ll S 745 31,019 3,508 13,076 14,459 Percent change 1965 1965 + 2.0 +31.0 +2. 0 +4.0 +6.8 + 2.5 + ll .l +4. 8 + 11.0 - 4. 5 +34. 9 Percent 1964 1964 change +s. o +5.0 - .5

-------- ------------ --- ------------- ·-- -- ----------- --------- -

�Table 33.- Suburban Arrests by Age, 1965 fl , 538 agencies; 1965 estimated population 33,874,000] Grand Offense charged all Ages under ages 15 tota l Ages under 18 Ages 18 and over Age 10 and under TOTAL__ ____ ________ ______ _____ __________________ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter __ ___ ___ (b) Manslaughter by negligence__ ____ __ ____ ____ ____ Forcible rape __ _______ ________ __ _-- -- - --- ---- ___ ______ __ Robbery ___ __ ___ _________ _____ ___ ___ ___ __ __ ___ _________ Aggravated assault_ ____ _____ ___ __ _-- --- ------ ------ - _-Burglary-breaking or entering __ ____ _____ ____ ____ ____ __ Larceny- theft__ ________ ___ ____ ________ ____ _________ ___ Auto theft__ ___ ___ -------------------------------------Su btotal for above offenses ___ ___ _____ ___ _____ ___ _ 0 tber assaults ____ _____ ___ ______ ___ ____ ____ _____ __ __- - - Arson ___ ____ _____ __ ______ ____________ ___________ ______ _ Forger y and counterfeiting ________ -- --- -- ____ ________ ____ ___ ______ _____ _______ _________-----__ __ __--_ F raud ___ Em bezzlement_ ______ _____ ______ _------ - -- ---- - -- ---- - -Stolen pro perty; buying, receiving, possessing __ ________ VandaliEm _____ ___________ _____ __ ___ _______ ___ _________ 'i-Veapons; carrying, possessing, etc____ _______ ___________ P rostitu tion and commercialized vice __ ____ ___ ___ __ __ ___ Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) ___ __ Narcotic drug laws __________ ________ __ ____ _______ ____ __ Gam bling ________ __________ ______ ___ ____ ____ ___ ______ __ OfTenses agaiust family ijUd children ________ ____________ Dri ving uuder the in fluence _____ ________ __ __ __ ________ Liquor laws ___ __ ___ ___ _.____ ________ __ ____ ____ _____ _____ D run ken ness __ ____ ________ _______ _____ ___ _____ ______ ___ D isorderly conduct__ _____ ______ ___ ____________ ______ ___ Vagrancy ___ ___ _________ ____________ __--- ----- -- -- -- - -All oth_er offenses (except traffic)_ _________ ____ ___ ______ Susp1c10n __ _____ ______ ______ __ ____ ____________ ________ _ Curfew and loitering law violations ______ ___ ________ ____ Runaways ___ ___________ __ __ _____ ___ ___ ___ ___________ .. 766, 621 - -- 13-14 15 16 17 18 19 20

-------------------92, 940

243, 160 523, 461 15,260 951 709 1,801 5, 122 12, 325 37, 977 77, 749 18, 799 14 6 35 277 485 9, 754 23, 505 2, 907 73 37 253 1, 10 1 1, 759 21,304 45,474 12,046 878 672 I , 548 4, 02 1 10,566 16, 6i3 32, 275 6, 753 1, 562 3, 823 55 155,433 36, 983 82, 047 73,386 5,541 37, 729 I , 592 5, 685 ll, 439 2, 135 3,184 22,467 6, 979 977 9, 244 4, 344 5, 013 15, 831 48, 312 35, 358 138, 316 Bl, 175 10, 517 114,419 15, 590 18, 186 22, 696 1, 727 029 103 74 7 447 12,339 774 3 1, 075 15 1 21 32 5 792 475 6, 059 131 16, 174 I, 104 3, 691 8,944 5, 364 I , 15 483 332 39 I , 166 19, 369 2,082 32, 365 434 5, 202 11,107 2,096 2,0 18 3,008 4,807 952 6, 424 3,589 4, 821 15,624 4 7, 839 22, 363 132, 851 59, 677 9, 540 74, 701 10, 477 203 429 5 4 - -- 11-12 25 2,820 755 192 207 473 12, 095 5, 465 21, 493 977 39, 718 5, 113 18, 186 22, 696

------------

1 4 l 25 70

----

21,719 2 l 3 52 1-0 2, 270 6, 299 279 46,298 54, 766 49, 156 43,887 31, 216 26, 114 ll l 31 200 307 5,922 13, 383 2, 573 17 3 46 20 315 4, 130 8,035 3, 475 21 16 78 291 466 3, 984 7, 71 6 3,489 21 12 94 325 493 3,436 6,218 2,175 30 47 201 483 684 3,098 5, 058 l, 644 27 45 141 389 536 2,020 2,863 914 40 33 121 351 536 1,468 2,220 688 1, 100 274 77 57 5 303 5, 596 518 3 708 126 19 27 5 734 44 1 4,205 99 9, 356 778 2, 954 6, 148 9 13 99 96 62 2 212 3,043 421 7 542 119 33 40 28 1, 844 955 3, 754 172 7,703 774 3, 767 5,483 1,368 62 137 86 21 232 2, 471 464 6 642 187 59 51 137 4, li7 l , 778 5,565 307 8, 361 l, 655 5, 490 5, 449 1, 356 68 147 110 9 275 l , 516 423 9 561 298 79 l , 769 64 346 213 30 286 748 545 30 471 32-3 100 339 718 6,992 3, 567 6, 722 821 6, 6'13 l , 915 1,361 52 253 229 41 221 441 368 29 394 300 67 334 807 5, 202 2,931 4,680 584 4,986 I, 001 1, 329 35 270 292 82 138 3 14 288 30 362 262 76 300 956 3, 528 2, 9 8 3,679 469 4,246 9 15 - - - - - - - - - --- - -- - -- - - 9,014 22, 428 16, 229 16,061 12, ii4 11, 245 6,935 5, 465 - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -424 226 21 13 2 27 3,172 70 117 3,571 186

- - ----- -148

210 5 20 l 1 2 3

-------10

9 l , 081 16 3, 127 118 130 I, 162 55,961 - - - --- - - - - - - ------- -- 48 25 I , 673 16 3, 691 208 607 I , 634 4 303 6, l 2 2,257 5, 220 367 7,480 I. 5 0 5,238 2,820

--- ----- ---- ----------- ------- - --------

�Table 33 . -Suburban A rrest s by Age, 1965-Continued [1,538 agencies; 1965 estimated population 33,874,000] Age Offense charged 21 22 23 24 25-29 30- 34 35- 39 40-44 45-49 50-54 55- 59 6()-64 --::-- - -- - - - -- - - -- - -- - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -TOTAL_____________ ______ __ ___ ___ ___________ ____ _ 24, 239 22, 853 19,471 18, 160 64,623 55, 615 35 38 183 350 536 1, 400 I , 900 524 41 48 104 326 549 1, 204 1, 738 475 47 35 98 280 507 931 I, 367 336 37 32 83 220 499 799 I, 200 298 153 93 256 736 1,656 2, 278 4, 031 710 Arson______________ ___ ___ _____ _____ _____ ___ ____ _____ ___ 1,435 14 Forgery and counterfeiting___ __ ______ ____ _____ ____ ___ __ 309 Fraud ___ ______ __ ___ _____ ___ __ ______ ___ _________ _______ 371 Etnbezzlement_ _____ ___ __ ________ __ _____ ______ __ ___ __ __ 80 Stolen property; bu ying, receiving, possessing_______ ___ 141 Vandal ism, _________ ____ ___ _______ __ __ _____ _____ - - -- - - 213 Weapons;_carrying, possessing, etc__ __ __ ____ _________ ___ 282 P rost1tut10n and commercialized vice___________ ______ _ 49 3;3 Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) _____ laws ____________ ____ ____ __________ ______ _ 297 1,614 25 302 458 80 127 176 264 105 331 319 Ill 706 I , 483 555 3,642 3, 264 379 3,903 624 1,418 8 241 451 93 101 154 252 80 311 249 121 664 1, 395 367 3, 197 2, 632 345 3, 260 531 5,332 I , 364 48 19 279 964 481 2, 171 ll4 409 91 296 321 !12 227 825 80 222 269 965 186 723 145 571 652 3, 189 1,354 5, 511 296 750 3,074 12,348 2, 384 7,429 264 1,008 3,093 10, 292 508 1,336 - --- ---- Criminal homicide: · (a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter_ __ ____ _ (b) Manslaughter by n egligence_______ ___________ __ tirbl15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~-~~= ::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::===::::::: Aggravated assault_ _____ __ _______ ___ _____ _____ ____ __ __ Burglary- breaking or entering ____ ____ ______ _____ ____ _ Larceny-theft ____ ______ __ __ ___ __ _____ ____ __ ____ _______ Auto theft_ ______ ___ ______ ____ __ __ ____ ____ ____ ___. _____ 39,425 30, 442 93 47 60 141 936 529 2,068 231 54 43 27 69 603 332 1,499 100 45 34 14 22 438 170 1, 074 52 3,388 36 479 1, 339 241 92 122 329 64 523 137 621 1, 717 6,864 734 18, 432 4,885 872 6,688 483 2,103 22 251 762 !17 65 70 230 33 324 65 551 1,014 5,450 527 16,105 3,420 765 4, 513 311 1,333 8 125 390 92 51 47 145 20 234 36 477 537 4,399 503 13,054 2, 520 765 3, 064 193 56, 176 52, 151 97 62 158 366 1,404 1,355 3,055 387 103 70 91 264 1, 177 920 2,708 346 4, 603 44 672 2,023 331 196 163 542 93 795 387 590 2, 693 5, 868 678 13, 132 5,930 826 8,303 4,168 38 612 I , 644 330 171 160 420 93 675 258 605 2, 439 6, 890 742 16, 374 5,484 833 7, 826 6i5 - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - --- - -- ---= - - - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - ------ - - - - -Subtotal for above offenses__ _______ __ ___ __ ___ ____ 4,966 4,485 6,884 2,727 1, 849 3,601 9, 913 5, 679 4, 105 3,168 Other assaults _____ ____ ___ ___ _____ __ ____ ___ ___ ___ __ ___ _ - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - ~:~bl\~tru~ 98 525 1, 463 828 3,830 3, 707 403 4, 033 822 Offenses against family and children ___ ______ _____ _____ Driving under the influence____ _______ _____ _____ ___ ____ Liquor laws __ ____ _______ ___ __ _________ __ _____ __ ___- - --Drunkenness ___ __ __ ____ ___ _____ __ ___ ______ __ -- -- - -- - - Disorderly conduct_ __ _______________ __ _______ ___ -- - --Vagrancy ______-- -- ----- - -- - - - --- --- - - -- · - - -- --- - - - - --~ II o~her offenses (except traffic) ___ ____ _____ ___ ________ usp1c10n ____ ____ __ _________ ____ _____ . ______ __ ___ ___ _. Curfew and loitering law violations ____ _____ __ ______ ___ -------Runaways ______ __ ___ ___ ________________ ____ _______ ____

--------

802 65 and over Not known - - - - -- 18, 650 11, 135 9, 103 201 31 22 3 9 235 105 703 31 16 12 4 3 153 41 386 9 25 12 3 7 4 9 62 163 33 22 7 22 58 15 12 15 44 - - - --- - - - - - - HO I 5 7 23 393 6 3 2 - - - --- - - - 1,-579 22 624 139 = 625 = 317 - -298- - - -8 ~:, 21 158 23 280 260 2,559 297 9,027 I, 420 522 I , 752 151 96 8 190 99 1,338 199 5,837 801 368 I, 014 71 4 14 51 8 6 7 42 3 141 16 158 66 784 165 4, 710 703 316 959 i3 I 1 ll 2 2 2 3 17 126 6

-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- --------

�Table 34 .- Subiirba n Arres t s of Pe rsons Unde r 15, Unde r 18, Un der 21 and Und e r 25 l 'ears of Age, 1965 f 1, 538 agencies; I 965 estimated population 33,874,000] 0 ffense charged Grand Total All Ages N umber or persons arrested U nder 15 Under 18 U nder 21 P ercentage Under 25 Under 15 Under 18 U nder 21 429, 100 12. 1 31. 7 44. 9 56. 0 330 314 7. 7 5. 2 14. 0 21. 5 14. 3 56. 1 58. 5 64. 1 17. 9 22. 7 39. 8 45. 4 2S. 5 73. 4 71. 5 8 1. 3 34. 7 44. 3 65. 7 68. 3 45. 5 84. 9 79. 5 90. 0 Under 25 TOT AL __. ___ __ __ ___ ___ _____--- -------- -- -- -- --- -- -- -- -- 766, 621 92,940 243, 160 344, 377 Crim inal homicide: (a) Murder an d non negligent manslaughter_ ____ ___ _______ negligence __ __ ___ ____________ _______ (b) Manslaughter by Forcible rape ______ _________ ___________ ___ __ __________ __ __ __ __ Robbery ___ __ _____ ____ ______ ______ ____ ___ ____________ _______ __ Aggravated assa ult_ ____ ___ ______ ___ ------ --- - __ --- _--- ___. __ -Burglar y- breaking or enteri ng ___ __ _--- __ ---- _----- _______ __ _ Larceny-theft_ ____ __ . ________ ____ ____ ___ ______ ___________ __ __ Auto theft_ ____ __ _________ ______ __ _____ __ __ ______________ _____ 951 709 1, 801 5, 122 12,325 37, 977 77, 749 18, 799 14 0 35 277 485 9, 754 23,505 . 2, 907 73 37 253 I, 101 1,759 21,304 45,474 12,046 170 161 716 2,324 3,515 27,890 55,624 15,292 3,500 5,606 32, 224 61,829 16,925 I. 5 .8 1. 9 5. 4 3. 9 25. 7 30. 2 15. 5 155, 433 36,983 2,047 105,692 121 ,9 12 23. 8 52. 8 68.0 78.4 37 , 729 1, 592 5, 685 11 , 439 2, 135 s, 184 22,467 6,979 977 9, 244 4, 344 5, 01 3 15,831 48 , 312 35, 358 138, 316 81, 175 10,517 11 4,419 15, 590 18, 186 22, 696 1,727 929 103 74 7 447 12,339 774 3 l , 075 151 21 32 5 792 475 6, 959 131 16, 174 I, 104 3,69 1 8,944 5, 364 1, 158 483 332 39 1, 166 19,369 2, 082 25 2,820 755 192 207 473 12,995 5,465 21, 498 977 39,718 5, I 13 18, 186 22, 696 4. 6 58. 4 1. 8 14. 2 72. 7 8. 5 2. 9 1. 8 36. 6 86. 2 29. S 2. 6 30. 5 17.4 3. 8 1. 3 26. 0 82. 2 23. 8 9. 3 9. 0 56. 9 92. 9 47. 0 11. 7 43. 8 37 . 8 8. 7 8.0 6. 1 8 1. 2 10. 8 45. 1 27. I 48. 6 57. 4 100.0 100. 0 41. 2 86. 4 43 . 7 24 . 7 26. 2 71. 3 95.8 6 1. 7 43. 8 57. 7 61. 9 18. 2 24. 1 17. 9 87. 0 20 . 7 59. 8 40. 3 61. 1 73.3 100. 0 100. 0 Subtotal for above offenses _________________ __ ___________ Other assaults __________ __ ______ ________________ __________ ___ _ Arson ____ __ _____ __ _____ ____ __ _____________ ______ ____ _________ _ Forgery and counterfeiting ______ __ ___ __________ __ ____ __ ____ ___ Fraud ____ ____ _____ __ ________ ________ ____ _______ ___ ___ __ ______ Em bezzlernen t ___ ___ ___ __ ____ _____ ___ ____ _____ - __----- __ _____ _ Stolen property; bu ying, receiving, possessing __ ____ ________ __ _ Vandalism _____ ______ ______ _______ __________ ____ __________ __ __ Weapons; carrying, possessin g, etc ____ ______ __ ___________ ____ _ P rostitn tion and commercialized vice__ _________ ____ ___ _______ Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution) ___ _____ ____ Narcotic d ru g laws ___ ____ ________ _____-- -- --- - ----- --------- -Garn bling __ _________ ___ ___ ____________ __-- _--- _----- _______ ___ Offenses aga inst famil y and children ___ _____ _____ ________ _____ D riving u nder the influ ence _____ ___ _____ _____ ___________ __ ____ Liquor Jaws ___ _____ ________ ______ ____ ------ __ _________________ D runkenness ___ ___ __ ___ ____ __ __ ______ ______________ ____ ___ ___ Disorderly condu ct__ __ _______ ____ c ____ _ _____________ ___ _ _ __ _ __ Vagrancy ___ __ ___ __ _____ ____ ____________________________ ___ __ _ All other offenses (except traffic) ___ ___ ___ __________ ___ ________ Suspte10n ___________________ __________ _______________________ _ Cu rfew and loitering law vio!Mions ___ ________ _________________ Runa,,rays __________ ___ ___ __________________________ ___ ____ ___ 1 Less th an one-tenth of one percent . 9,823 1,309 1,352 I , 066 192 1,8 11 20,872 3, 283 I 14 4, 047 1,640 435 I, 270 2, 954 2 , 717 14, 95 1 36,579 2,851 55,593 8,944 18, 186 22,696 I , 184 15,554 1,375 2,483 2,827 559 2,27 1 2 1,527 4, 30 428 5,33 1 2,69 1 9 10 3,817 8,649 30, 763 2 , fi94 48,566 4, 242 69,882 11,429 18,186 22,696 .6 .3 14. 0 54 . 9 11. I .3 11. 6 3. 5 .4 .2 (I) 2.2 .3 8.6 I. 2 14. I 7. I 20. 3 39. 4 1.0 36. 8 4. 0 26. 5 9. 3 34. 7 32. 100. 0 100. 0 �,~ ~---~ - • - • - .,,_ _ _ _ -- - - -- -- --~ -- - - - --- =-'--._- - 7 - ,_____.,,...,~~:tr'JI. -I - - ~ - - - Table 35 .- Suburba n Arres t s, Dis tribution by Sex, 1965 [1 ,538 agencies; 1965 estimated population 33 ,874,000] TOTAL. . . .. .. . . . .. . . ........ . . . . . . ... .. . . .. . · · ············- ·· ... . . ~~f143.215.248.55;it~;~:( ::···· · ·: • ::i:::; :::::: Subtotal for obove oITenses.. . .. ...•. ... .......... . . ... . . ... .. . . . .... i~:::::::~;;143.215.248.55;:··· · · :. . .:.: :.... :.: 143.215.248.55rii~tio ii;.r;Jnc"o,~~!~~f;fi~e~t~ice··········:::::::::::::::::~::::::::: iex oIT~nscs (except forcible rape and prostitution). . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . ..... . . 1 2 Because of rou nding, t he percentages may not acid to total. Less tban one-tenth of one percent. Female 786, 621 676, 961 89, 660 88. 3 11. 7 160 81 1,073 1, 283 16, 126 736 83. 2 88. 6 100. 0 96. 0 91. 3 96. 6 79. 3 96. 1 16. 8 11.4 itil 791 628 1,801 4,917 11, 252 36,69'1 61, 62J 18, 063 155,433 135, 769 19, 664 3,228 81 994 2,403 388 240 1, 11 2 318 722 961 580 391 893 3, 161 3,673 11 , 283 0, 023 924 15, 385 1,402 3,870 8,964

i:m

2~:m m 6' 9, 244 ~l!143.215.248.55fi143.215.248.55!:~":.••::•: :···:•:::• •··:· :il 143.215.248.55::ao;~~.143.215.248.55t.e~!~!. '.~~.~i~! ~:'.143.215.248.55:::::: :: ::::::: :: ::::: ::: :::::: :::: :: : : Percen t female Malo l= == =I ~,ti143.215.248.55y;~e~::':. ~~.~i.143.215.248.55 143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)'. ~'.~~'. 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~s.i~.~ ~. . .. . . . . . . • . . . . •. . . . . .. .. . . Percent mol e Total Criminal homicide: l====I (a) Murder and nonneg] igent manslaughter .... ..•.. . ..•....• .. ..... . 95 1 (b) Monslanghter by negligence.. .. .. . . . .... . . .... . .... . .. . ... ... ... 709 0 P ercent of totol N u mber of persons orrestccl OITensc charged ~: : m 34,501 1, 511 4,601 9,036 1, 747 2, 9'14 21,355 6,661 255 8,283 3, 764 4,622 14,938 45, 151 31,685 127, 033 72, 152 9, 593 99,034 14,188 14,310 13,732

205

Total Female 100. 0 100. 0 .1 .1 .3 .7 1. 7 5. 4 9. 1 2. 7 .2 .1 8. 7 3. 4 20. 7 3. 9 .1 .1 .2 .7 1.8 5. 0 10. 1 2. 5 87. 3 12. 7 20. 3 20. 1 21. 9 91. 4 94. 9 82. 5 79. 0 81. 8 92. 5 95. 1 95. 4 20. l 89. 6 86. 6 92. 2 94. 4 93. 5 89. 6 91. 8 88.9 91. 2 86.6 91. 0 78. 7 60. 5 8.6 5. 1 17. 5 21. 0 18. 2 7. 5 4. 9 4. 6 73. 9 10. 4 13. 4 7. 8 5. 6 6. 5 10. 4 8. 2 II.I 8.8 13. 4 9. 0 21. 3 39. 5 4. 9 .2 .7 1. 5 .3 .4 2. 9 .9 .1 1. 2 .6 .7 2. 1 6. 3 4. 6 18. 0 10. 6 1. 4 14. 9 2. 0 2. 4 3. 0 5. 1 .2 .7 1. 3 .3 .4 3. 2 1. 0 3. 6 .1 1.1 2. 7 .4 .3 1. 2 .4 .8 1. 1 .6 .4 1. 0 3. 5 4. 1 12. 6 10. 1 1. 0 17. 2 1. 6 4. 3 10. 0 -- ---- -----4. 0 100. 0 Male 1 (' ) 1. 2 .6 .7 2. 2 6. 7 4. 7 18. 8 10. 7 1. 4 14. 6 2. 1 2. 1 2.0 -- --- --- ---.2 1. 2 1. 4 18. 0 .8 �Table 36 . -S ubu rba n A rres ts by Race , 1965 [I , 537 age ncies; 1965 estima ted population 33,699,000] T o t a! arr es ts R ace 0 ffense charged Total Whit e N egr o Ind ian Chinese T OT AL __ ______ __ __ __ _____ ____ _ 762 , 212 654,202 100, 190 C rimin al hom icide: (a) i\ [u rdc r and n on ncgligcn t m anslaugh ter __ _____ ____ ___ (b) M ansl au gh ter hy negligence_ Forcible rnpe ____ ____ ____ ____ __ __ ____ R obbery _____ __ ______ ____ ___ _________ Aggrava ted assaul t __ ________ ___ ____ Bu rglary- b reak ing or entering __ ____ Larcen y- t heft_ ____ __ _____ ____ __ __ __ Au t o theft ____ _______ __ ___ ____ __ __ ___ 943 704 1, 767 5, 069 11 ,870 37, 799 77 , 470 18. 668 614 583 1, 271 3, 543 8, 174 32,040 65, ~04 16, 093 321 117 485 1. 481 3, 578 5, ,'\15 11, 719 2, 427 3 1 -- --- --9 -- - ----Ii 1 47 1 82 8 164 35 74 8 Sub total for above offenses ____ 154, 290 127, 622 25,643 397 37, 71 4 1,584 5,679 11 ,421 2, 134 30,4 79 I , 472 .5, 013 10,494 1, 902 7, 037 109 637 912 229 105 I 16 9 1 3, 172 22, 269 6,902 2,594 20, 976 4, 916 559 1, 228 1,934 Other assaul ts _____ ____ ____ _____ _____ 1\rson ______ ______ ____ ____ ______ ______ Forgery and counterfeiting______ _____ Frau d ______________ _____ ___ _________ E mbezzlement __ ___ _______ _______ ____ Stolen propert y ; bu ying, receiving, possessin g _____ __ ______ __ __ ________ Va nd alism ________________________ __ _ W cnpons; carr yin g, po ssessing, etc ___ P rostitution and co m merciali zed v ice _______ ____ _______ _____ _____ __ _ Sex ofTenscs (except forcible rape and prost itution) ______ ______ ___ _____ __ _ N arcotic drug laws __ __ ___________ ____ G arn hli ng ___ ___________ _________ _____ OfTcnscs against famil y and children _ Driving under t he influ ence ____ _____ Liquor laws _________________________ D runkenness _______ ____ _____ ____ ____ D isorderl y cond u ct _______ _______ ____ Vagrancy __ ___________ __ _____ _______ _ A11 other ofTen ses (except t raffi c) ___ __ Su sp1c1on ___ ____________ _.____________ Curfew and loiteri ng lnw violations __ R una\·v ays ____ _____ __ __ __ __ ____ ______ 134 5, 137 138 = 71 2 216 2 8, 103 3,793 2, 386 12, 618 43, 122 32,257 117, 6-12 67, 766 8, 711 100, 197 13, 290 17,348 20, 799 984 487 2,429 3. 060 4. 415 2. 184 16. 891 12, 45 1 1,693 12. 913 2,228 543 1,414 9 6 2 50 265 165 3. 146 202 73 434 26 35 166

2. 351 4 3 2 21 151 224 53 45 510 2 1 1 1 5 1 3 86 I 11 2

--- -----

11 938 178 6 2 3 24 9 3 - --- - - -13 9, 131 4, 337 4,844 15, 771 47, 964 34, 730 138, 220 80, 646 10, 508 113, 927 15, 59 1 17, 966 22, 474 A ll ot hers (includes race unkn ow n) J apanose 2 5 2 3 4 2 20 6 1 17 6 1 9 (iS 57 2 4 8 rn 47 32 1 7 2 4 7 1 18 3 31 31 42 IS 7 2 28 2 1 5 39 140 11 ~ 500 21-1 2R 3:is 39 ~s SI �Table 36 .- Subur ban A rrests by Race, 1965- Continu ed Arrests under 18 Race Offense charged Total Whi t e N egro I ndian Chinese J apanese All oth ers (includes race unkno w n) TOTAL___ ____ ___ ____ ____ _____ _ Crim in al homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligen t m anslaugh ter ___ __ ________ _ (b ) Manslaugh ter b y negligence _ Forcible rape __ ___ _____ ___ __ ___- - ____ Robber y _____ ____ ____ ____ __ __ ___ --- __ Aggrava ted assault ______ ____________ _ Bu rglary- breaking or entering___ __ _ L arceny- theft ___ ___ _______ ___ ___ ___ Auto theft_ ____ ____ ___ __ ____ __ ____ __ _ 241, 204 217, 416 73 37 247 1,091 1, 639 21, 202 45, 270 11, 963 56 27 157 1 - - -- Su btotal for above offenses ____ _ Other assaults __ ___ __ ___ ____ ___ _____ _ Arson ___ _____ __ __ ____ ____ __ _____ ___ __ Forgery and counterfeiting ___ _____ __ _ Frau d ____ ______ ___ __ _____ ___ __ ___ __ _ Embezzlem ent_ _____ __ ______ ________ _ Stolen property ; bu ying, receiving, possessing___ __ ____ _______ _____ ___ __ Va nd ali sm _______________ __ ___ __ ____ _ W eapons; carr ying, possessing, etc __ _ Prostit u tion an d co =ercialized v ice ______ __ ________ __ ___ ______ _____ Sex offenses (except forcible ra pe and pros tit ution) __ __ __ ___ ___ __ _--N arcotic d rug la"·s __ ____ ___ ___ __ _____ Garn bl ing. ___ _______ __ _____ ____ ___ -- Offenses against fam ily a nd chil d ren_ Driving u nder t he influ ence _______ -- L iquor laws _______--- -- ----- - ------- D ru nk enness ___ ___ ____ ____ __ - - - - - - -D isord erl y con duct _________ __.- - -- -- - \ 1agrancy _____________ ___ ________ ___ - All other offenses (except traffi c) __ __ _ Sus p1c10n _. __________ . ___ . _- - - - -- - -- Cu rfew a nd loiteri ng law viola tions __ Run a,v ays _____ __ _________ - _- - - - - - - - - 672 1, 137 18, 265 39, 057 10, 590 22, 523 81, 522 69, 961 11, 121 5, 356 1, 155 479 33 1 39 4, 498 1, 106 418 313 36 838 48 1, 153 19, 195 2, 049 945 18,201 1, 700 204 943 338 25 24 2, 485 721 135 185 452 12, 551 5, 194 18, 858 759 36, 206 4,521 17, 348 20, 799 43 16 -------- -- -----10 - -- ----- --- -- --90

-- -413

2 -- -- - --13 ---- ---481 2, 817 I 30 5,991 64 16 1,303 31 4 1 2, 752" 754 185 207 465 12,873 5, 464 21,291 973 39, 385 5, Ill 17, 96 6 22, 474 508 49 665 - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 57 18 3 259 26 48 21 12 246 218 2, 379 211 3,002 573 543 1,414 1 --- --- ----------- -- --- ---- -- ----- - -4

-- 8

-- -----1 88 16 3 126 32 - - - - - - - --140 21 21 258 - - - - - - --- - - - 9 - - - ----- - ----- -11 I -- - -- -- - - ------ ----- --I ---- --- - - --- - - -3

- --- -- --- - - --- --- --- -- -- ----- --- -- --- ----- -- ---- -- ----- ----4
---7

1 4 39 2 ---- ---3 6

---- - - - ----- -------- ------ ---2

1 2 - - - - - -- 2 -- ------ -- ---- -- --1 -- - - - --- -- --- --- --1 - - - --- - - ----- --- - -37 2 34 ·--- -- -- - - -- - - -17 2 1 2 52 7 5 I 2 I I 35 1 166 9 5 5 5 36 18 34 113 13 38 81 135 �Table 36. -Subur ban A rre sts by Race, 1965- Continued Arrests 18 and over R ace 0 ITensc charged Total White Negro I ndian Chinese J a pan ese All others (includes race unknown) - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -1-----1---- - 1-- - - -1- - -- -- - - - - - - --- -TOTAL__ _________ ___ ____ ___ ___ 521, 003 436, 786 Criminal homicide: (Cl) :\ lurdcr and nonncgligcnt manslaughter______ ____ __ __ (b) '> l anslaughter b y negligence_ Forcible ra pe____ ______ _____________ _ Robbery ______ ________ ______ ____ ___ _ Aggravated assault __ ___ ______ ____ ___ Burglary-breaking or entering______ Larceny-theft_ ___ _____ .:-__ ______ ____ Anto t heft _____ __________ __ __ ____ __ __ 870 667 1, 520 3, 978 10, 231 16, 597 32, 200 6,705 556 1, 114 2, 871 7,037 13. 775 26. 24 7 5, 503 55 1- - - - -IJ,- - --

3uhtOtal for above offenses ____

72, 768 l= ===ll•= Other assaults____ ______ _____ ___ ____ _ 32,358 Arson _______ _____ ___ _____ _____ _____ _ 429 Forger y and counterfeiting___ ___ ___ _ 5, 200 Fraud_ _____ ______ ___ ____ __ ______ __ __ 11, 090 Embezzlement ___ ___ _____ ___ ______ __ 2, 095 Stolen property; bu ying, receiving, possessing____ ____ __________ ____ ___ 2, 019 Vandalism ______ ____ ____ _____ ___ __ __ 3, 074 W eapons; carrying, possessing, etc_ __ 4, 853 Prostitulionand commcrcializcd vice_ 913 Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitution)__ _______ _____ ____ 6, 379 Narcotic drug laws __ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ 3,583 Gambling ___ _____ _______ ___ ____ __ ___ 4, 659 Offenses against family a nd children_ 15, 564 Driving under the influence__ _______ 47, 499 L iquor laws ____ ____ ___ _________ _____ 21,857 Drunkenness______ ___ ______ _________ 132, 756 Disorderl y conduct ______ __ __________ 59,355 Vagrancy______________ ________ ___ ___ 9,535 All other offenses (except t raffi c)__ ___ 74. 542 Suspicion __ ___________ _______ __._ _____ 10, 480 Curfew and loitering law ,1 iolntions __ ____ _____ _ Runaways ____ __________ _____________ ________ __ 136 57. 661 77, 673 4, 629 305 107 395 1, 06 3, 097 2,69 5. 728 1, 124 3 95 1 9 ____ _____ _____ __ 15 1 6 34 1 2 52 7 2 100 19 8 43 4 G 1- - - - -1- - - - 14,522 257 32

=i=== = i=

25. 981 366 4,595 10, 181 1,866 1, 649 2,775 3,216 688 5,618 3,072 2, 251 12, 433 42,670 19. 706 112,438 48 , 908 7. 952 (l.3, 991 8, 769 129 6, 109 61 580 894 226 355 285 l l 596 215 725 461 2, 381 3, 039 4, 403 1, 938 16,673 10, 072 1, 482 9,911 1,655 9G 1 15 9 1 24 1. 693 -l

3

2 17 no 63 98 25 2, 2

,[=

2 1 1 1 5 1 3 75

----

8 2 2 3 6 __ ______ ___ 9 2 5 1 2G 7 6 1 4 2G 49 264 128 3, 112 1 5 72 382 25 2 3 2 3 4 1 20 5 1 12 4 12 7 I 18 I 31 5 21 1 s 7 37 18 39 1-!0 83 -1S2 180 2~ 225 21) --- --- ---- �Tab le 37 . -Rural A rres t Tre nds, 1964- 65 (614 age ncies ; 1965 estimated populaLion 12,34 0,000] N umber of persons arres ted 1064 1965 Percent 1965 1064 change TO TAL __ . ______ _____ _________ ___ ______ ____ ___________ _____ __ _ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter. . - ---- -····--·-- -·· (b) Manslaughter by negligence .. . ·· -- --····· - --- --- - --- --· - --· ll~f.i~.tt'.~E-,;{··· · ·: =: :: i: : • :• Sub total for above offenses __ -· --------.--· - - __ ... ......... ·-. i~[~f:ffa~?}lf{(::: :: : : : : : : : : : : : : :~:~ Stolen property; buying, rereivinii:11ossessino Vandalis1n _ -- ----- - - -- ---- --· ___ ____ ____ _ .. 0 - - - - --- - --- -- - ------ -- Weapons; carrying, possess ing, etc .... - .. ·.· · ·•····· · · · · ··· ··· · ·· ··· Prostit ution and commercialized v ice ...... .. ··· · · · · ··-····-· · · · ··· · Sex offenses (except forcible rape and p rostitution) ~~;m~t~~ !143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):: :: :::::::::: ::_: .. -· -·-···-·-·····:::::: :: ::::: i~¥~)l:?E :\:\;····· ····· :·: Offenses agains t fam il y and children .. ·- -· -··· - · ··· · ··-··· ·--··· · · · ,-, ~ ~ All other offenses (except traffi c) .... .... . . . _· · · · ··- · -···-···-······ · Suspicion (not included in totals) ..... . ... . _... : __· · - ····· - · · ······· Curfew and loiterin g law viol ations .. ....•. . . _· · - ··· -·· · · · --··· ·-· -· Runaways ..... . . . . ... . ..... . . · ············ · · ··· · -······ · ·· ·· · · ·-· · · 18 years of age and over U nder 18 years or age 'l'ota.l all ages Offense charged Percent change 1064 1965 Percent change 204, 300 207, 508 + 1. 0 37, 341 37, 985 + 1.1 166, 959 169,523 + 1.5 360 420 746 1,015 3,516 12,725 14,853 5, 027 429 423 740 892 3,723 12,392 14,378 4, 485 +m2 +.7 21 32 +47.6 -34.4 +22. 1 -15.1 +1 s.s - 3.9 - 6. l -1 7.4 339 38~ 669 869 3,256 6, 70S 9, 50S 2,293 398 402 646 768 3,414 6, 610 9,360 +17.4 +3.6 - 3. 4 -11. 6 +4.9 -1. 5 - 1. 6 - 2.9 24 ,030 23,824 - .9 7, 282 7,1 89 209 3,358 4, 835 734 773 1, 309 !, 371 127 1, 531 734 l, 205 6,976 17, 493 14, 703 40,538 12, .,99 2, OOi 27. 948 1, 2,59 - 1. 3 -10. 3 +.4 +8.ri + 6.4 + 14. 2 +21. 5 - 4. 7 -4 7. 5 - 6.0 +34. 2 +7.6 - .8 77 -1 2. l +5.9 - 2.6 - 3. 2 - 10. 8 146 260 6. 017 5,345 2,734 31 21 94 124 309 5,782 5, 018 2,259 14,632 13,628 - (LS 563 4SO 143 261 75 12 243 2,-525 150 12 315 59 32 48 174 4,972 !, 039 1,866 172 6,380 579 1, 022 4,367 -14 . 7 - 2. l -8.1 + 41.5 - - - - - - - - - - - - -38.662 7,845 379 3, f,28 4, 504 702 885 3,401 l , 654 260 !, 909 fl2 1 1. 141 6,562 18,020 16,894 41,1 94 13,758 2,520 34,387 2,395 954 4,420 37,462 7,669 352 3,61 9 4,910 746 l.Olfi 3, 834 ! , 521 139 1, 846 793 ! , 237 7, 024 17,667 19,675 41,577 14,465 2,239 34 , 328 1, 838 1,022 4,367 - 3. 1 -2. 2 -7. 1 -. 2 +o.o + 6.3 + 14.8 +12. 7 - 8.0 - 46.5 - 3. 3 . +27. 7 + s .4 +1.0 -2. 0 +16.5 +. 9 +5.1 -11. 2 - .2 - 23.3 +7.1 -1. 2 146 284 53 12 208 2,324 216 18 280 74 21 70 173 3,952 1,047 ! , 417 181 6,296 fi98 954 4,4 20 +16.8 +s.6 - 30.6 - 33.3 +12.5 - 20. 3 + 52.4 - 31.4 + .6 +25.8 - .8 +31. 7 - 5.0 +1.3 - 3. 2 +7.1 -1.2 2,226 - - - - - - - - - -233 3,344 4, 451 690 677 1,077 1, 438 242 1, 629 547 !, 120 6,492 17,847 12,942 40, 147 12,34 1 2,339 28, 091 ! , 797 +1 .., - 2.0 +!3. 6 + 1.0 +2. 1 -II. Ci -.5 - 29.9 �Table 38 .-R,ual Arres t s by Age , 1965 [839 agencies; 1965 csLimatcd popul ation 18,515,000] Offense charged Grand total all ages Ages under Ages under 15 18 Ages 18 and over Ago 10 and 11- 12 under 13- 14 15 1G 17 18 10 20 --- --- --- --- --- --- - -- --TOTAL.·-··· · ·-·-····· · ·--··--··- - ··- ·- ·· ······ Criminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegli gent manslaughter ..... ... (b) Manslaughter by negligence _- ·· ··· ···-· ·· · ·-·· Forcible rape_-··- -· ----- · --· · - ...... ·-· .. . .. ·- · . ·- · ... Robbery. . .... . . · --- -- -· -- --- -· . . · - . . ..... ... -· . . ·- ·- .. Aggravated assaul t. _----··· -- -·· ·- ··· -· . · ··-- ··--- ·· .. Burglary-breaking or entering.- · ·-······ · ··· ·· -·-···Larceny- theft.... -·- _·- ... . _._._ .. __ .. ·-. _.. . _. . . _.... Auto t heft. _···----.-· ·-·-· · ·- ... . ·- .... · - . . .. ··---· .. ·- 297, 472 --- 13, 347 55, 727 24 1, 745 1, 592

--- -

654 615 1, 084 1, 423 5, 447 18, 976 21, 401 6, 11 8 2 16 26 70 2,959 2, 121 640 50 37 150 175 407 8, 23 7,545 3, 120 604 578 934 1,248 5, 040 10, 153 13, 856 2, 998 Snhtotal for above offenses . . ···--·· · · · ····· · · · -- · 55, 718 5,844 20,307 3o, 411 Other assaul ts . . . -··- ------· ·- · -- ....... ·-·· ....... ·- .. Arson ... ·- ---- · ·- --- - ··----·- ---· · ····· --· ... ·-·-·.·- .. Forgery and connterfeitin g. . ·- -· · · .. ·-- - ____ ____ ___·--· F raud _.. __ ____ __ ----- --·-··-·- -----· _. __ ._·- .... · -.·-· E mbezzlement ... ____________ ___ __ ___ ._. __ ... __ ... _. ___ Stolen property; ba ying, receiving, possessin g... · -·-- ·· Vandal ism.. ·- - ·----------·-·--· - ·---·--· .. ·-· - ... __... Weapons; carrying , possessin g, etc_ . ... ·---··---·---- · · P rostitutioD and co mmerciali zed vice _- ··· ·· -·-· -·- ---· Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitu tion) .. __ . Narcotic drug laws .. . . -- --· --· -- -- -----·-····--·-·----Gam bli ng. -·· ·-- -·-·- __ -- ----·-· - . __·--·--·· .. . ... _.... OffeDscs against famil y and children · -······--·- -·· · -·D ri ving under t he influ ence.. ·- ---- -- ·--··· --· -- ··- ·· -· Liq uor laws ... . ----- -- --- ---- --- -· -·-· ___ _____ ·-.· --··-D runkenness _. . ____ __ __ ____ __ ___ _____ _____ · - ··-· · ·._._ Disorderl y cond uct _- -·- --------- ---- --· -._ ... _· -· . --·Vagrancy ._. __ __-· _____ ·-------- -- -----·---·----- -·-_ . . All other offenses (except traffic) ·---··-·--- ---·----·-·· SuspicioD . _______ . ___ · - ___ .. -· _· -- ... ·-. ____ . -· _. __ . _.. Curfew and loitering l aw violations.-· ·- --··--_ . . --_ ... Runaways. --- - ---- --- ----- -· ·- . _____ . . ·-·- ... -· · . -· . . . 11, 540 644 4,897 8, 769 1, 103 1, 466 6, 135 2, 265 346 2, 907 970 2, 814 9, 634 24, 583 25,514 57, 851 19,8 19 3,662 46, 510 2, 699 1, 337 6, 289 ll 6 165 49 26 1 6:1 1, 876 78 1 148 726 10,814 17 277 367 59 374 4, 523 3 11 6 8, 653 1 15 1,088 -- --- --362 1, 104 7 4, 076 2, 059 385 267 1,998 6 13 333 ---·-- -516 2, ~91 70 900 1 46 2,768 ----- --74 9, ,160 8 243 24,340 ----- -- 6,845 18,669 3 1,590 56, 261 - - - - --- 2, 5 5 17, 2-34 86 26:J 3,3fl9 2 8, 591 37, 919 2nl 745 1, 954 12 l , 337 --- ---- -8 G. 289 . .. 65

10 7 20 5 279 74 538 31 2, 02J 162 217 U HG 1 2 5 9 372 258 13 660 s 2, 760 8, 995 10, 160 15, 732 16,488 18, 775 15, 121 13, 340 8 4 33 31 16 16 22 58 68 152 2, 049 2,055 706 24 36 102 132 263 1,938 2,212 n20 19 30 94 109 265 1,329 1,547 369 19 33 89 103 229 981 1,200 277 262 44 156 61 JO 119 687 75 488 --- - -- --- --- --- --- --- 2 8 1 .. -- --1 13 7 14 46 15 1,887 700 508 1,3.15 67 560 (l4 1,668 1, 313 SH 9 43 50 121 2, 147 2,056 960 - -- - - - - - - - -- - - - - -- - - - - - 1,301 3, 883 3,935 5,402 5,327 5, 126 3,762 2,93 1 --- --- --- --- --- --- --22 40 6 10

--- 8

552 28 -- --- --31 1 1 3 3 27 7 125 4 265 32 21 273 77 66 40 15 1 48 939 44 1 109 11 5 28 GS 7 2 73 650 4-2 G 6 10 8 7 16 750 215 400 35 I. 61 127 315 1, 624 6 9 2 249 67 327 25 1,497 118 188 1,278 109 233 40 IOI 22 2 107 863 i2 1 114 23 12 16 76 2,319 481 705 85 2, 424 207 412 2, 015 5 52 225 172 27 156 502 132 11 161 46 25 2'11 358 4,671 1,286 l , 590 187 2, 845 213 145 29 19 31 146 3, 497 20 942 11 2 2. 526 2-19 393 . . ---- l , 034 ··- -· - 463 46 206 195 31 93 327 11 2 20 162 55 29 245 4-31 4,000 l , 080 1,211 127 2. 381 145 516 26 215 281 22 89 242 11 0 i 135 56 30 268 484 3, 20 0 1, 23 0 1, 130 2, 139 142 as,

-- -------- --- - -- -------

--- --- �Table 38.-Rural A rrests by Age, 1965- Con t in ued Age 0 !Tense charged 21 22 23 24 25-29 30-34 35-39 40-44 45-49 50-54 65 and over 55-59 'ot known - - - - - - - - -- - - -- - - - -1-- - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - TOTAL_------- -------- --------------- ---- -- -- --- 10, 695 Criminal homicide: (a) Mur der and n onnegligent manslaughter ____ ___ _ (b) Manslau gh ter by n egligence __ ________ __ ______ _ Forcible ___ --------- -_____

Robber y rape ___ ______________ __ _____ ___ ____ __ ---____ --____--_ Aggravated assault_ ____________ __________ ____ __ __ ___ __ Burglary- b reaking or en tering _____ _____ __ _____ __ ____ _ Larceny-theft ____ _____ ____ __ ___ ________ ___________ ___ _ A u to theft _________ _--- --- ----------------- - -------- __ _ Subtotal for above offenses____ ______ ___ _____ ____ _ 9,873 8,678 8, 813 24 33 57 02 226 710 825 107 22 28 50 81 214 547 619 136 20 24 54 85 232 486 611 123 29 907 - - - ---------- ' 24 24 72 102 219 791 911 236 - - - 2,379 105 03 157 202 831 1,409 I, 701 387

2,164 1, 706 1, 63S 4,885 i~~%~zzle~wt_::::::::::::: l~it:,143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)i~~iiii~i-~~:___::::::::::::--:::::::::::::::::::---:3~~!~ :H3~~ :~13~~ ttolen l)roper ty; buying, receiving, possessing____ ___ ___ andahsm__ ________ ________ __ _______ ___ Wea pons; carrying, possessing, etc ___ ___ :--- ----- - ----P rostitution and commercialized vice ___ --------- ----Sex offen ses (except forcible rape and prostitu tion)_____ Nar cotic drug Jaws__ ____ ______________ ____ Gambling __ _____ ____________ ____ ___ _____ __ ---- ------ -- Offenses against f amily and children ______ ::: ---------- 57 134 126 17 ll3 68 32 395 90 100 123 21 136 64 42 403 g~ 109 48 42 403 A ll ot ber offenses(excep ttraffic) _________ ______ ___ __ __ _ 1,955 1, 787 1, 673 58 06 iii~~g;:;:?t\ - : :: : ::m ·-m ..

i :u

3g~ 53 82 0 \g 109 52 53 471 25,338 25,237 23,457 18,640 14, 783 8,943 5, 405 4, 613 72 80 83 140 674 733 I, 174 229 73 55 41 41 51 43 28 24 322 184 535 66 39 30 17 14 242 127 351 46 25 15 6 10 135 67 165 11 4 67 86 553 474 1,030 160 21 10 4 2 87 IS 87 3 ---======

H ·:!i ·:ii :!i :ii

I, l, l ,~~1 153 171 303 65 337 186 267 I, 944 1,r~~ 105 92 257 31 253 105 323 1,534 m;; ;:m S,367 60 460 327 786 110 - - - --- - - - - ---3, 185 2,497 1,808 I, 253 866 111 .. 1, 6~; 54 4,252 143.215.248.55:~:~~:~~i!143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST):1:143.215.248.55:i~!15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)~: ::::::::::::::::::: :::_'.~;: :::: ~;~: ::::;~~: :::::~; : : ::: 223- ___ : ;~~: 1 1,m 78 88 181 36 256 89 408 1,402 1 143.215.248.55 66 60 153 24 183 46 402 I , 024 6Jg 52 43 100 IO 141 30 350 3~~

i

30 28 75 15 115 27 359 333 2, 502 1,714 , 2 19 4 6 79 · 31 101 0 - - - - - - - -442 245 232

! :i :i

2 1 1 I~ 8 l3 52 7 60 18 172 157 1~1 IO 6 35 3 59 5 123 9 i: 6g 4 8 33 9 61 5 Ill 32 617 6~~

~1 ;

till 

:m ::m ·1~ ·-!~

4,053 3,345 989 127 --- 1 1 2 --4 I~ r 2 7 I ~~ ·1 8

t;:::::;;~:::::~;;: :::::;;: :::::~;: :::::;;:: ::::::::::::::

�Table 39. - Rura.l Arres ts of Pe rsons Under 15, Under 18, Under 21, and Unde r 25 Years of Age, 1965 [839 agencies; 1965 estim ated popul ation 18,5 15,000] Offense charged TOTAL ___ ____ ________ _______________ ___ ______ _______ ___ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent m anslaughter __ ___ ___ _______ (b) M anslaughter by negligence __ ______ _________________ __ Forcible rape_______ ____ ------------- -- ---- -------------- . Robbery ____ ___ _______ ___ __________ __________ _____ ______ ______ Aggravated assault__ ___ ____ ____ ___ __ ___ __ ___ ____ ______ ___ ____ _ Burglary-break ing or entering ____ __ __ _____ __ .___ _______ ______ Larceny-theft ____ ___ --- -- - _---- ------ ---- _-- -- ----- _-------- Auto theft ____ _______ ___ ------ -------- ---- -- --- -------- --·subtotal for above offenses _____ ____ ___ ________ -Other assaults __ ____--- --- ----- ------- ---- ---- ______ ----- ----Arson ___ __ __ __ -- __- __ -----_----- --- ---------- ----------------Forgery and counter feiting_______ _________ __ ····-······-- · ·· ·Fraud -----------·----·---- ------ - ---- --··· ·---·- ·- -----· ----· Em bez, Iement... .. .. ... --·- .. · ----·· .. .. -... --·-. ··-· ----·· ·· tolen propert y; buyin g, receiving, possessing..... - ---·---·· ·Vandalism ______ ____ -·· ····- -. . . ____ __ --·------ - -· ·- ... -·-- - -Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc_··-- -·--·-----------------P rostitution and commerciali zed vice.----···-··-·--- --- -- --- Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostiLUli onl ---- ·------· Narcotic drug laws __· ----- · - · -- ---- -·-- -·-· ·-- ··· ··---·-·- - Gambliug. ______ __ ___ _·-··---···-···- --- ·- ---------------·-·-Offenses against family and ch ildren_. ------ ·- --- ------·-- ---Dri ving under the influence __ ___. . ---- -···--- ·-----·-··---··· Liquor laws_________ ____ ·- . · -- ---- --- -· ____ __ __ ._.·----- _ Drunkenness _____ -··· _..• . _--··-- --· ______ ________ ·-· __ ._ ---Disorder! y conduct. __ ___ ------ ·- --··· -. . _- · __ --· ___ _____ . __:_ Vagrancy __ . _--··------. --· __ . _______ _____ · -- _____ . __ ___ ______ All other offenses (except trafficl --- · ·-- --·- -·- ···- -----------· Suspicion __ . _____ ·- ___ -· .. ______ ___ .- --· __ .... ________ ___ _. ___ Curfew aud loitering law violatious ___ ___ ·-· ·---------------Run aways ____ . --·------·---------- -- ··- -· -·---- -----· -I I ,ess I hnn one-lenl h of one percent. Grand Total All A~es Number of persons arrested Percentage Under 15 Under 18 Under 21 Under 25 Under 15 Under 18 Under 21 297,472 13, 347 55, 727 102, 963 141,022 4. 5 18. 7 34. 6 47.4 654 615 1,084 1,423 5,447 18, 976 21, 40 1 6, 118 10 2 16 26 70 2, 959 2, 12 1 640 50 37 150 175 407 8, 823 7, 545 3, 120 11 2 136 435 519 I, 164 13,07 1 12,504 4, 38fi 202 245 677 879 2,055 15,005 15,470 I. 5 5,078 1. 8 1. 3 15. 6 9. 9 10. 5 7. 6 6. 0 13.8 12. 3 7. 5 46. 5 35. 3 51. 0 17. 1 22. 1 40. 1 36. 5 2 1. 4 6 .9 58. 4 7 1. 7 30.9 39.8 62. 5 61. 8 37. 7 82. 2 72. 3 83. 0 55, 718 5, 844 20,307 32,327 40,2 11 10. 5 36. 4 5 .o 72. 2 2, 193 401 1,020 764 95 700 5,207 621 51 974 227 130 828 4,208 467 I, 868 2,109 278 958 5,619 I, 075 146 I, 44 1 459 299 2,510 4. 209 20:834 10, 934 9, 866 I, 129 22, 995 I , 690 I, 337 G, 289 1.0 25. 6 1. 0 .3 .I 4. 3 30. 6 3. 4 .3 5. I .8 .2 .2 6. 3 43. 0 7. 6 1. 3 1. 4 24. 7 66. 4 11. 8 3. 8 7. 2 I. 6 .8 19. 0 62. 3 20.8 8. 7 8. 6 47. 7 8•1. 9 27. 4 14. 7 33. 5 23. 4 4. 6 8. 6 26. 8 2. 7 13. 0 i. 2 18. 5 27. 6 100. 0 100. 0 73. 4 9. 0 32. 7 l9. 3 34. 3 46. l 100. 0 100. 0 - - -- 11 , 540 644 4,897 8, 769 1, 103 1, 466 6, 135 2,265 346 2,907 970 2,8 14 9, 634 24, 583 25,514 57, 851 19, 819 3, 662 46, 510 2,699 1,337 6,289 116 165 •19 20 I 63 I, 876 78 I 148 8 7 20 5 279 74 538 31 2,023 162 217 I, 61G 726 277 374 11 6 15 362 4, 076 267 13 516 70 46 74 243 6,845 1, 590 2,585 263 8,591 7'15 l, 337 G, 289 1,5 16 18,71 6 5, 186 6,473 707 15, 956 I, 245 I, 337 G, 2 9 .3 I. 5 (I) 17. 8 l. O 1. l .t 2. 7 .8 4. 3 6. 0 16. 2 25. 7 6. 2 Under 25 36. 5 72. 5 38. I 25. I 25. 2 65.3 91. 6 47. 5 42. 2 49. 6 17. 3 10. 6 26. I 17. l 81. 7 18. 9 49. 8 30. 8 49. 4 62.6 100. 0 100 . 0 �Table 40. - R u ra l A rres t s , Dis t ribit t ion by Sex, 1965 [839 agencies; 1965 estima ted· popul a tion 18,515,000] 0 ffcnse ch arged TOTAL TOTAL _____________ _____ ____________ ___ _________ ___ __ ________ ___ __ _ 297, 472 l= == = I C riminal h omicide : (a) M u rd er an d n onnegligent m anslau ghter _____ ___________ ___ __ ___ ___ 654 (b) l\<Ia u gh__ter y negligence. --- - - -_________ - - - - --- - -___ - ------ - - -____ - ---61 5 Forcible rapnesla _____ ___b_______ ___ _________ ___ _____ ___-----____ _ iiitif~jr!tf143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST))~~;~~tt=======/=========================== Sub total for above offenses _____ ________ ____ ____ ___ ___ __ ______ __ ____ ___ P ercent of total N u mberof persons a rrested P ercent m ale Male P ercent female TOTAL Fem ale Stolen property ; buying , receiving, posscssing __--~~---- -- -- - - -- - - ------ - -- - ~:'at~!~ fcarri,iiig;posscss~g; ,,t;,~:: :::::::::: ::-=::::::::::::::::::::::: P rostitution a nd com m ercial ized vice ____ ______ __---- --- - --- ----- - - ---- - - - Sex offenses (except forcible rape and p rosti tution) _____ _____ _________ ____ ~

gu~~-143.215.248.55-143.215.248.55 15 52, 29 December 2017 (EST)---_-::: :::::::::::::: :: =---------=::: :::::::::::::::: ::: :

Offen ses aga inst family and child ren __ ______ ____ _- - -- -- - --- --- - --- - --- - - - i!li~l'.i~~f;i~:.;=::=:::i:i : . :::: : : C urlew a nd loiter ing law v iolatio ns ____________ __ ____ __ ____ - -:::: : ::: :: : : : Run aways ________ _________ ____ ____ ____ _______ _______ _____ ________ ___ ____ _ 1 Beca use of rou nd in g, t h e percentages m a y n ot ad d to total. ' Less th a n one-tenth of one percen t . F em ale M ale 273, 210 24, 262 91. 8 8, 2 100, 0 100. 0 100. 0 566 576 1, 084 1, 360 5, 11 0 18,407 19,572 5,889 88 39 .2 .2 .2 .2 .4 .2 .4 .4 337 569 1, 829 229 86. 5 03. 7 100. 0 95. 6 93. 8 97. 0 91. 5 96. 3 13. 5 6. 3 1, 084 1,423 5, 447 18, 970 21,401 6, 118 55, 718 52, 564 3, 154 94. 3 11 , 540 644 4, 897 10, 797 611 4,142 7,337 971 1, 357 5,864 2, 189 121 2, 675 851 2, 656 9, 197 23, 648 23,233 53, 926 18, 000 3,389 42, 168 2, 479 1,024 4, 011 743 33 755 I , 432 132 109 271 76 225 232 119 158 437 935 2, 28 1 3, 925 1, 819 273 4,34 2 220 313 2,278 93. 6 94. 9 84. 6 83. 7 88.0 92. 6 95. 6 96. 6 35. 0 92. 0 87. 7 94. 4 95.5 96. 2

63--

------4. 4

6. 2 3. 0 8. 5 3. 7 .5 I. 8 6, 4 7. 2 2. I .5 1. 9 6. 7 7. 2 2. 2 1. 4 2. 3 7. 5 .9 5. 7 18. 7 19. 2 13. 0 4. 0 .2 1. 5 2. 7 .4 .5 2. 1 3.1 .I 3.1 5. 9 .5 .4 I.I .3 .9 1. 0 .5 .7 1. 8 3. 9 9.4 16. 2 7. 5 1.1 17. 9 .9 1. 3 9. 4 =~~1 1 =,,;;;;~l=~ ~ = ==l====t====:=1 3. 9 6. 4 i~ir;2~fri\e)~ifr\143.215.248.55//~~:::::::::------------=:::::::::::::: 1 8, 769 I , 103 I , 466 6, 135 2, 265 346 2, 907 970 2, 814 9, 634 24,583 25, 514 57, 851 19, 819 3, 662 46, 510 2, 699 I , 337 6,289 0 1. L 93. 2 90. 8 92. 5 90. 7 91. 8 76. 6 63. 8 5. I 15. 4 16. 3 12. 0 7. 4 4. 4 3. 4 65. 0 8. 0 12. 3 5. 6 4. 5 3. 8 8. 9 6. 8 9. 2 7. 5 9. 3 8. 2 23. 4 36. 2 .2 1. 6 2. 9 .4 .5 2. I .8 .I 1.0 .3 .9 3. 2 8. 3 8. 6 19. 4 6, 7 1. 2 15. 6 .9 .4 2. l .8 (') 1.0 .3 1. 0 3. 4 8. 7 8. 5 19. 7 6. 6 I. 2 15. 4 .9 .4 1. 5 .3 �Table 41. - Rural Arrests by Race, 1965 [835 agen cies; 1965 estimated population 18, 505, 000] T otal arr ests R ace O!Iense ch arged Total Whi te TOTAL _________ _______ _____ ___ C riminal homicide: (a) M urder and nonnegligent m an slau gh t er ______ _____ ___ (b) Manslau gh ter b y negligence._ F orcible rape _________ ___ _____ __ __ ___ Robbery. __ ·- __________ ____ __ ________ Aggravated assa ult ___ _____ ____ __ _____ Burglary- b reaking or entering ______ L arceny-theft_ _________ _____ __ _____ Au to theft _. ____ _______ _____ ____ __ ___ Sub to tal for above offenses .. ___ Other assaults ____ __ __ ____ ___ ___ ____ _ Arson.,. ____ ___ _____ ____ ____ _____ ______ Forgery and counterfeiting ____ ______ _ Fraud ________ ______ ______ _____ ____ __ E m bezzlement_ ___ _____ _________ ___ _ St olen property ; buying, receiving, possessing _____ _________ ______ _____ V andalism ___ ____ __ ___ __ _____ _______ _ W eapons; carryi ng, possessing, etc. __ Prostitut ion and com merciali1.ed vjcc _______ ____ ____ ___ __ ___ __ _____ __ Sex ofTe nses (excep t fo rcible rape and prosti t u t ion)_. ___ _________ ____ __ __ _ N arcotic dru g laws ______ _______ ____ __ G am blin g ____ __ _________ ____ __ _____ __ OITenses aga inst famil y an d ch ild ren _ Dri\·ing under t he influ ence __ ________ Liq u or laws ___ ___ _____ ____ __ _•___ __ __ _ Drunkenness. _____ ___ ____ _____ _____ _ Disorderl y cond u ct ___ ____ ____ ____ __ _ V agrancy ____ ___ ____ _____ ______ ___ __ _ All o~her ofTcnses (except t rafft c) _____ Susptcton ______ ___ _____ _____ __ ___ ____ Cu and________ loit ering la w______ violations. Ru rfew naways ______ ____ ____ 142 N egro India n C hinese 249,366 207, 193 24, 944 14, 708 540 314 778 1, 044 4, 962 IS, 408 16, 733 4,546 358 253 593 775 3,501 11, 653 14, 214 3, 886 155 50 135 213 1, 221 1, 127 1, 829 30G 18 8 44 42 191 470 484 314 42, 325 35, 233 5, 036 1, 571 10, 084 398 s, 874 8, 473 930 7, 750 367 3, 364 7,805 854 1, 909 15 35G 550 G5 291 974 4, 173 1, 624 3,855 I , 165 838 89 131 435 30 104 10 133 2,297 407 1, 245 8, 990 22,504 16, 837 54, 983 15, 943 3, 567 40,526 2, 699 1,2 14 5, 166 89 2, 025 356 869 7,664 19, 552 14, 85 41,929 12, 4 7G 3, 125 34,858 2, 326 1, 04G 4, 789 1G 136 84 10 40 3 178 28 355 1, 075 I, 5 6 1, 169 5,223 1, 966 288 4, 019 281 29 121 56 6 3 220 1, 249 G84 7, 1 4 1, 262 127 1, 255 77 96 234 31 J ap anese A ll ot hers (includes race u nk nown) 98 2,392 -- ------ ---- ---3 2 2 9 4 12 4, 14:3 189 40 2 1 1 14 16 4 37 444 2 1 31 1 --- ----- --- ---- - - -- = 2 7 125 --- ----1- ------ -- --- -- -- --1 1r.

--- ---- ---1

6 --- -- -- - ---- --- -- --- -- - ------- ---- ---3 - -- -- --- 1 2 1 5 4 1 2 4 3 3 22 1 1 5 2 -- ---- -- ---- ---7 lfi 77 14 18 12 l(; 26 llf, 124 638 234 24 368 15 3f\ 20 �Table 41. - Rural A rre s t s by Race, 1965- Contin u~cl Arrests u nder 18 R ace 0 ffense charged Total White TOTAL _____ ____ ______________ _ 42, 316 35 13 113 128 342 5,909 5, 657 2, 144 Subt ota l fo r a bove offenses ____ 2, 212 1, 827 Japan esc A ll others (includes race unk nown) 57 572 14, 341 26 11 7 77 105 26 1 5, 219 4, 939 1,912 2 25 17 57 385 467 92 610 150 321 108 9 513 139 273 102 75 1 391 250 2, 729 193 218 2, 532 175 2 - - - - - -- - - - - - -- - - ----·----- 10 ------- - 1 --- - -- 22 ------ - - ---- - --- 190 -- - - ---12 135 -- - ---- 16 117 - --- - - - - - - - ----- G 2 l03 100 23 1-----11-- - - - -1,052 -- - -476- -- - - -29 - --234 12, 550 __ ______ Ot ber assau lts _____ __ _- --- - - - - - - - - -- Arson ___ ____ __- __ ____ - - - -- - - - - - - - - - F orgery a nd counterfeiting __ _____ __ _ F ra u d _____ ___--- __ __- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- Em bezzlement ____ _____ _- - - - - - - - - - - S to len property; buy ing, receiv ing, possessing ___ __ ____ _______ ___- - - - - Va n dalis m ____ _____ _____ __ __- - - -- - - - \Veapons; carry ing, possessing, etc ___ P ros tit u tion and commercia lized vice __ - -- --- - - --- --- ------ --- ----- Sex offe nses (except forcible rape and_ pros t it u t ion) _____ ______ - - - - - -- - - - Na rcot ic d rug laws _______ ______ ____ _ G a mbling ____ ____ ________ __ _- - - -- -- OfTenses agains t famil y and ch ildr en _ D ri vin g under the influence __ __ ____ _ Liq u or la ws __ ___ __ ____ ____ ---- - - --- D runkenn ess ____ --- -- ---- - -- - - - -- -- Disorderl y conduct _______ _____ _____ V agrancy ___ ___ ___ __ - - -- -- - - - ----- -- - 37, 646 Ind ian C h inese

== C rimina l homicide: (a) Murder and n oaneglige n t manslaughter ___ _____ _____ _ (b) M a nsla ughter by negligence _ F orcible rape__ _____________ ___ ______ Robbery _____ ________ - --- - - --- - ----- Aggravated assa ul t__ _____ ____ ______ _ Burglar y-breaking or entering _____ _ L a r cen y -theft__ ___ ________ ________ _ Auto theft ____ _____ _____ ________ ____ _ ~ II ot h_er offen ses (exce pt traffic)- --- S us p1c10n ___ ___ _______ - - - . - - - - - - - - -- C urfew a nd loiter ing Ja w viola tions _ H un nways ___ __- - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Negro 3 381 29 38 57 233 4, 929 1, 524 2, 167 256 6, 863 745 1, 214 5, 166 == 12 9 10 - - -- -- - - ---- - - - - -- -- --- - - 4

5 3 ___ ___ __ __ __ ____ 2 9 -------- - - ------ -- - -- - - - - - ---- -- - - - --------- 17 57 16 10 - - ------ ----- - - 70 6 1 5 64 1 3 - --- - --- - - --- ----- -------- - -- - ---- ------ -- -- 321 24 27 55 209 4,607 1,202 1, 870 224 6, 103 655 1,046 4, 789 32 ll 1 2 46 38 169 9 414 82 29 121

- --- - --27 -________

1 21 251 274 114 6 231 l - -- - ---1 10 21 2 I I 24 10 13 1G 105 5 96 234 3 7 1 36 20 143 �Table 41.-Rural Arrests by Race, 1965-Continued Arrests 18 and over R ace 0 ffense charged Total White TOTAL______ ___ __ _______ _____ _ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent m an slau ghter_____ __ __ __ ___ (b) M a nslaughter by negligence_ Forcible rape________ ___ ___ ______ ____ Robbery_ ____ _ ________ ___ ___ __ ___ __ Aggravated assault_ __ ___ __ _______ ___ Burglary-breaking or entering______ Larceny-theft___ ______ ___ ____ __ ___ _ Auto theft__ ____ __________ ______ __ ___ 20i, 050 Negro Indian C hinese - - - -1- - - - -169, 54i 22, 732 12, 881 1= = =1= = =1°= = 505 301 665 916 4, 620 7, 499 11, 076 2, 402 332 148 16 242 48 8 516 110 34 670 196 42 3,240 1, 164 169 6, 434 742 280 9, 275 1, 362 349 I, 974 214 197 Subtotal for above offenses ____i--2-7,-9-:-84-ll - - - -i- - - -l 22, 683 3, 984 1, 095 Other assaul ts __ _____ ------- - - __ __ ___ 9, 474 7,237 1, 834 279 Arson __-- -- ------ -- --- - -- - - -- --- - - -248 228 14 6 Forgery and counterfeiting _____ ____ _ 3, 553 3, 091 317 132 Fraud __-- _- __-- -- - -- -__- -____ - -- -__- -__ --_ 8,365 7,703 549 Embezzlement_ __ -__--______ 81 921 845 65 10 Stolen property ; buying, receiving, possessing __ _________ ____ _____ ___ __ 724 620 72 20 Vanda lism ____ _____ ___ _ ____·- -----1, 444 1,323 74 34 \ Veapons; carrying, possessing, etc ___ 1, 43 1 990 419 9 Prostitut ion and commercialized vice ______ - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - -,.- - - - - - · 130 86 40 3 Sex oITenses (except forcible rape a nd prost itution) __ _______ __ ----_ -- . -- 1, 916 1, 704 146 49 Narcotic drug laws_ _____ _____ __ __ __ _ 378 332 28 Gambling ____ ________ ______ __ ___ -- - _ 1,207 4 8•12 344 3 OITeuses against family a nd child ren _ 8,933 7,609 1, 074 220 D ri,·ing under t he influence__ _____ __ 22, 2il 19, 343 1, 584 1, 22 L iq uor la\\·~-- --- ----- - ------------·11, 908 10,251 I , 123 433 Drunkenness ____ _-- --- - - --- - - ----- -53, 459 40, 727 5,1 85 6, 910 Disorderly conduct__ ____ ____ ____ __ __ 13, 776 10, 606 I , 797 1, 148 Vagra ncy___ ____ ____________________ _ 3, 311 2, 901 279 121 33, 663 A ll other oITenses (except t raffi c) _____ 28, 755 3,605 1, 024 Sns picion ______ - - - - - - - __ - - - - __ -- -- _-1, 954 1, 671 199 Curfew and loitering law viola tions __ ____ ___ ___ 72 lt una"·ays ___ ___ __ _______ ___ ____ __ ___ _____ _____ ------ --- - ------- --- ------- J ap a- n ese All others (includes race unknown) - - - - -- - 29 = 41

- ------ -2

1 1 3 1 2 2 -- ------ --- --- -- = 1. 820 9 4 6 45 40 89 17 4 8 21 0 2 6 116 I 2 11 29 1 11 13 13 I --- ------------ --- --- ----- ---- ----- --3 1 5 5 I 4 I, I l I 4 3 2 12 10 16 25 11 5 100 628 221 s 263

-- --12
- ----- -- ---- -- -- ---------- - -- ------- - ---- --- -- -- --- -- - - ----- -- -- ------ ---

144 �- -- Table 42. - Suburban and Rural Arrest T re nds, 1 by Sex, 1964- 65 1,281 suburban agencies; l965 estimated populat ion 25,896,000 0 ffense charged Males 1964 TOTAL ______ ___________ __ _____ ___ ____ ____ Criminal homicide: (a) Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter (b) Manslaughter by negligence _______ ____ _: Forcible rape __ ________ __ ____ ___ ____ _______ ____ _ R obbery __ - assault_ -- - --------- --------------_______ __ ___ ___ Aggravated _________ ___ __ _____ __ Burglary- breaking or entering __ _____ ___ ___ ____ L arceny- theft _______________ __ ___ ___ __________ Au to theft_ __________ ___ _____ ________________ __ _ Subtotal for above offenses ____ __ __ _______ Other assan1ts _______ ____ ____ __ _____ ____ ________ Arson ________________________ ___ ____ ______ ___ __ Forgery and counterfeiting _____ ____ ___________ _ [[[Special:Contributions/143.215.248.55|143.215.248.55]]zzlement_ _________ __ _____ _:-::::::::: :::_ Stolen property; ying, receiving, Vandalism _______ bu __ __________ __ ______possessing ______ ___ -Weapons; carrying, possessing, etc __ __ ____ __ ____ P rostitu tion and commercialized vice __ _______ __ Sex offenses (except forcible rape and prostitu- g:~i~l~t~-~'.143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)= :::::::::::::::::::::::::::- Offenses against fami l y and children ____ _______D riving u nder the influence ________ _____ __ ___ __ Liquor laws ____ _____ ___ ______ _____ __ ____ _____ __ Drunkenness __ __ ___________ _____ ___ __________ __ Disorderly conduct_ ____ ____ _________ ___ _______ _ Vagrancy_____ ____ ______ ___ __________ _________ __ AU other offenses (except traffic) ___ ___ _______ ___ Suspicion (not included in totals) _____ _________ _ Curfew and loitering law violations ____ __ ___ ___ _ Runa,vays ______ __ __ _______ _______ _______ __ ____ ..... fj>.. Ol 502, 962 1965 614 rural agencies; 1965 estimated population 12,340,000 Percent change 1964 1965 525,607 -t4- 5 65, 856 68, 975 513 456 1, 272 3,268 7, 6~1 27,569 48,525 14,500 547 420 1,340 3,773 8,646 28,561 40,281 14, ll4 +6. 6 - 7.9 +5.3 +15.5 +13.4 +3.6 +1.6 - 2. 7 llO 66 ll2 53 103, 724 106, 682 + 2.0 -3. 6 +33.3 - 15.0 +4.0 +. 1 +16.2 +3. 1 +6. 8 - 10. 5 +2.5 -4. 5 +18.3 +21.2 020 331 352 669 2,677 2,433 0, 427 6,548 634 ll, 906 1,018 818 484 279 647 2,588 2, 878 8,823 6,833 556 ll, 564 898 3, 360 7,014 2,592 5,867 62 25 +37.8 +4.2 367 398 740 854 3,500 12,037 13, 319 4,308 +16.5 +.5 -. 8 - 10. 1 + 6.1 - 2.5 - 4.1 - 10. 7 35,523 - 3. 4 1, 896 1,939 +2.3 441 22 486 636 70 47 146 61 175 474 20 556 767 00 70 141 50 87 +1.5 - 0.1 +14. 4 +20.6 + 28.6 +48.9 - 3.4 - 18.0 - 50.3 188 79 63 343 6il 1, 381 2,489 1,160 169 3, 237 220 225 1,482 150 99 75 290 616 1, 748 2,346 1,327 148 3,005 126 236 1, 547 - 20. 2 +25.3 +19.0 - 15.5 - 8.2 + 26.6 - 5. 7 +14.4 - 12. 4 - 7.2 - 42. 7 +4.9 + 4.4 36, 766 6,608 3, ll7 2,924 10, 205 35,990 26,040 105,660 57, 267 7, 232 77,573 10,002 12,407 10,926 45 24 +1.8 -10. 7 + 0. 1 6,853 2,339 3, 442 9,811 35,949 22,413 102,456 53,635 8,077 75, 702 10,469 10,484 8,592 +2. 0 + 1. 5 16,084 2, 320 67 82 1 1,616 326 179 845 245 628 15, 781 191, 727 14, 746 2, 188 58 835 1,612 270 200 732 258 583 15,467 188, 833 + 4.0 +4.3 · -6.8 +u. 1 +s.s +2.6 +32. 0 +4.0 + 5.o +4. 8 +4. 1 +10.s + 5.3 +22.8 1965 +4. 7

828 1, 022 13,319 595 25,845 1, 167 3,626 6,336 1, 478 2,246 16, 743 5,336 100 Percent change 1964 1965 704 1,007 ll, 083 547 25,179 884 3,485 6,033 1, 410 2, 158 15, 105 5,069 162 Percent change 1964 Percent change 315 396 746 950 3,300 12,347 13,890 4, 822

149
--------155

Females Males F emales - -- - +6.0 +15. 5- 1. 7 +.2 +16. 8 - 14. 4 +15.4 - 5.0 +1. 7 7, 404 357 3, 142 3,868 632 838 3,255 1,593 85 7,195 332 3,063 4,143 656 946 3,603 1,471 52 - 2. 8 -7.0 - 2.5 +7.1 +3.8 +12.9 +13. 5 - 7. 7 -38.8 - 11.1 +46.2 - 20. 7 - 3.3 - 3.3 + 18.3 - 6.4 +4. 4 -12. 3 - 2.9 -11. 8 +29.6 +19. 6 1, 721 542 1, 078 6,219 17,340 15, 513 38, 705 12, 508 2,351 31,150 2,175 729 2,938 1,696 604 1, 162 6, 734 17,051 17,027 39,231 13,138 2,091 31,323 1,712 786 2,820 - 1. 5 +2s.o +7. 8 +8.3 -1. 7 +15. 6 +1.4 +4.3 -ll. 1 +. 6 - 21.3 +1.s - 4. 0 --- ------ --------38-- -65 216 378 963 205 223 355 1,059 177 - 41.5 +3.2 - 6. 1 +10.0 - 13. 7 - -- - - - - - 1 In suburban agencies male ~rrests under 18 increased 6.6 percent and female arrests under 18 increased 15.5 percent. In ru ral agencies male arrests u nder 18 increased 1.0 percent a nd female arrests under 18 111creased 6.4 percent. �Police Employee Data h This sec ti@ contoins tables relating to police personnel . Figures _"'.mg police streng th by number of full-time police officers and 0 ivilian employ ees are based on national aver ages. These figures sho~ ld no t be in terpreted as indicating recommended or desU-able police streng th. Adequ ate police requiremen ts for a specific place can only be determined following careful study and analysis of t he local situation together with a thorough evaluation of the numerous

.

factors which affect local police needs. T wo tables con taining police employee rates are set for th. In th e fu·st, total employees including civilian personnel are used, whereas lil the second table only sworn personnel are used _ to ~ompu te ~-a~~s. The police employee J·ate ranges in T able 43, whi~h mclude mvilmns, show t he in terquartile range between the upper _hnnts of the lowest qu artile and the lower li,nits of the highest quartile. ,In other words, 50 p m·cent of the cities shown in each popul ation group and geographic division have a police strength within th~ r~te ranges shown By arraying rates in this manner, ex'"'mes are ebnunated. In T able 44 where rates are published for pobce officers, complete rate . ·d d upplemental data for t hose who may be 1anges are prov1 e as s . . . interested in usin. • these fioures toyear make brrllted c?mpan sons. for all "' d th' showinopolice strength 0 A s n oth er . table 1s presente · is atrol organizatwns. ·"' · Th'JS t abl e JS · tate p ohce and state highway P b . f miles of state and Federal O . one d t o sh ow, b Y s tate , the num ll the number of re0'1stered . desiO' er h10'h . emP1Oyee' as we• as . o as to o way p e1. sworn nlY a rouo-h yardstick v eh'1c1es p er officer. Th ese rates are o o because of widely dif1 treno-th co ~ paratJve · world oad an d personne s "' . The wide v.,,iations in sworn and fermg fun ctions and other {acto~s. tates can be accounted for in part c·ivi}'ian p ersonnel among the van ous sassianed to the departments. It 'bil't' by the differences in responsJ : J:s te p~lice generally are responsible is p oin ted ou t, fo r instance, th !1 sl a conduct a major portion of t he not only for traffic pa t 1.0 1, but . ha so incorp orated are!1S of the states. =ork 1 n t e un · · · · . . of t he state highway pa t ro1 orgamzaCrrmm al investign,t1 ve ., On t he other hand, the acti_vi~Y d t t roific and highway patrol, which . t ·e 1u:r11te : o which come to t h eJI' . . attention . t· ions for t he m ost p ar ai s of cilroe f h ncludes handlincr all type . t . 1 functions. Many o t ese state 1 . "' f their pa 1 0 durmg the p erforro o.nce O 147 �highway p atrol groups also ar e au t horized to and do p articip ate in criminal investigative work wh en r equested to do so b y local d ep art m ents or sh eriffs' offices. The annu al collection of police employee data provides figures for p olice killed and assaulted . Collection of these data is supplemented 'with r espect to p olice killed in th e line of duty b y the use of a special questionnaire, through the use of which addi tion al d etails on t hi imp or tan t subject ar e acc umula ted. D ata r elat iv e to p olice killed and assaulted are also presented in th e Summary Section of this publication. T able 43 . -Full - Time Police D ep a rtme nt Employees, 1 D e c e m ber 31, 1965 , N umbe r and Rate per 1,000 Inhabi t ants, by G e og raphic Divisions a.n d Population Groups [1965 est imat ed p opulatio n] P opulation group G eogra p hic division TOTAL (3,613 cities ; po pulation 109,633,000) TOTAL : 3, 613 cities ; population 109,633,000 : Number of police e mployees . ..•.. .. A verage number of e mployees per 1,000 inha bita nts . . Interqu artile ra n ge_ Ne w E ngla nd : 331 cities ; population 8,216,000 : N umber of police em ployees .... __ .. Average n umber of em p loyees per 1,000 inhabitan ts _ In terquartile ra n ge_ Midd le Atla n tic : 776 cities; population 24 ,456,000: N u mber of police em p loyees ........ Average nwn ber of employees per 1,000 inha bitants _ I n ter q u artile ran ge. East North Ce ntral : 810 cities i population 23,827,000 : Nwn ber of police employees . ...... . A v erage n u m ber of employees per 1,000 in h a bi ta n ts_ In terq uartile ra nge_ West North Central : 399 cities; population 8,369,000 : N u mber of police emp!oyees ...... .. Average nwnber of employees per 1,000 inha b ita n ts _ I nter quartile range_ G rou p V (974 cities, 10,000 to 25,000; p opulatio n 15,016,000) Group VI (l,842 cities u nder 10,000; popul a tion 9,806,000) 22, 589 21, 984 21, 008 14. 567 1. 7 1. 3-1. 9 1. 5 1. 2-2. 1 1. 5 1. 1- 1. 7 1. 4 1. 1- 1. 6 1. 5 1. 0-1. 8 2, 842 4,022 2, 941 2,372 873 2. 5 2. 1-2. 7 I. 6-2. 0 1. 9 l. 7 l. 4-1. 9 1.4 1. 1-l. 5 I. 2 0. 7-1. 4 3,254 4,289 4,423 4, 930 3. 224 2.0 1. 8- 2. 3 1. l. 0- 2. l 1. 7 1. 2-2. 0 1. 5 l. 1-1. 8 0. 8-1., 3, 714 4,330 4,533 4. 397 3. 2f> I. 6 I. 6-1. 7 l. 1-1.6 1. 1- 1. 5 1. 1-1. 5 1, SGl Gro u p II (92 cit ies, 100,000 to 250,000; popu lation I 3,035,000) 212, 883 110, 666 22, 069 1. 9 1. 1- 1. 8 2. 6 1. 5-2. 7 15, 746 1. 9 1.1- 1. 7 2, 696 1 (') 4.1 1 Grou p Ill (217 cit ies, · 50,000 to 100,000; popula t ion 14,891,000) I 62, 967 42, 847 1 61 2. 6 1. 0-1. 8 3. 2. 9-3. 8 45, 367 25, 129 I 6 1. 9 1.1- 1. 6 2. 7 1 l. 6-3. 0 13, 021 5, 904 1, 156 944 1,510 1. 6 1. 0- 1. 5 2. 2 1. 4-2. I l. 3 1. 2-1. 3 1. 2 0. 9-l. 3 1. 2 I. 0-1. 3 See footnotes at end of t a ble. 148 G rou p I V (433 cit ies, 25,000 to 50,000; popula tion 15,061,000) Grou p I (55 cit ies over 250,000; populati9n 41,822,~00) 1. 4 I. 4 1. 3 1. 2 1.0-1. 5 l. 4 1. 4 l. 0-1. 1, 64 I. I. 0-1. C, �Table 43. - Full - Tim e Police Depar t m e nt Employees, 1 D ecembe r 31, 1965, Numbe r and Rate per 1,000 In ha bitan ts , by G eog raphic Divis ions and Population G roups - Continued [1965 estim a ted po pulation ] P opul a tion group TOTAL Geogr a phi c divisio n South Atlantic: 321 cities; population 10,66 1,000 : N u mber of p olice e mp loyees __ ______ A verage number of employees per 1,000 inha bita n ts _ I nte r q u a r tile ra n ge _ East South Ce n tr al : 135 cities; po pulation 4,570,000 : N um ber of p olice e m plo yees __ _____ _ A verage n um ber of e mployees p er 1,000 in hab itants _ Io ter q uartile r ange _ West South Ce ntr a l: 258 cities i pop ulation 10, 174,000:

-.I umbe r of police

employees __ - ----Average n um ber of e m ployees per 1,000 inh abita n ts _ Inter qua r tile ra n ge_ Mounta in : 176 cities; population 4,502, 000 : N u m ber o f poli ce employees-- -- ---.Axerage number of employees per l 000 in h a bita n ts _ rnt'erquartile ra nge _ P acifi c : 407 cities ; po p ulation 14, 858,000 : N umber of police employees- - - - - - - A vorage n u mber of employees per J 000 inh abitants_ Interquartile r a nge_ (3, 613 cities; pop ula t io n 109,633 ,000) Grou p I (55 cit ies over 250,000; population 41 ,822,000) 21, 892 G roup II (92 cities, 100,000 to 250,000; popula tion 13,035,000) G rou p III (217 cities, 50,000 to 100,000; popula t ion 14,891,000) G roup I V (433 cit ies, 25,000 to 50,000 ; popula t ion 15,061,000) G roup V (974 cities, 10,000 to 25,000; populat ion 15,010,000) Gro up V I (1 ,842cities u n der 10,000; popul a t ion 9,806,000) 9, 431 4, 258 2, 324 2, 124 2, 088 l , 667 2. 8 1. 4-2. 1 I. 7- 3. 6 1. 6 l. 3- l. 8 l. 8 l. 5-l. 9 1. 6 1.4-l. B I. 7 1. 4-2. 1 1.9 1. 3-2. 2 7, 224 2, S30 1,583 456 1, 070 688 59i 1. 6 1. 3-1. 8 1. 6 I. 5-1. 6 I. 5-1. 9 I. 7 I. 4-2. 0 I. 6 I. 4-1. 7 l. 4 1.1-1. 7 l. 6 1. 2- 2. 0 13, 960 6,889 2, 154 ! , 476 1,311 I, 256 874 1. 4 1. 0-1. 5 1. 5 1. 2- 1. 9 I. 4 1. 2-1. 4 I. 2 1.1-1. 4 I. l l. 0- 1. 3 1. 2 0. 9-1. 5 l. 4 l. 0- l. 7 6, 719 2,442 605 913 1,190 750 19 1. 5 1. 2- 1. 8 I. 4 I. 3- l. 8 1. 9-2. 5 6 I. 3 I. 2- 1. 4 1. 3 I. 0-1. 5 J. 6 L 3-1. 9 25, 987 12, 498 2,503 3,835 2, 882 2,066 1, 603 1. 7 1. 3- 1. 9 2.1 1. 3-2. 3 1. 5 1. 3-1. 7 1. 4 I. 2-1. 5 1. 5 I. 2- 1. 6 1. 6 1. 3-1. 8 l. 4- 2. 3 2. 1 1. 6 2. 0 I. 6 I . 0-1. 1. 9 S u b ur ban Pol!ce a nd County Sb en ff D epartments Suburb a n: a 1,770 a gencies; p opulation 40 of police employees _______ __ A vernge nwnber of employees per J 000 inh abi t ants _ --------- ---- - --- ·J~~;,~~2; lnt~rq ua.rLile ran ge_ - - - - --- - ---- - - - -- 55,040 I. 4 1. 0-1. 6 populatio n Sh er iffs: 1,1 54 a ge n cies ; 32,357 ,000 : N umber of police employees __ __ ____ _ A verage num ber of emplo yees per 1,000 inha bi tan ts __ __ ______ _______ _ I nterq uar t ile ra nge ___________ ___ __ __ 32, 159 1. 0 0. 3- 0. !l '. I ncl~des ci v iliagf~ s ize in geographi c division . - <\Jnl) one citdyptop.ul a t· 1-0 n r epresented iu s u bu r ba n a rea a re also included in other city gro u ps. gcnc1es an Popu lation figu res ro u nded to t h e nea r est tho usa n d . A ll rates were calculated on the po pul a t ion before 3 1 rounding. 14!) �Table 44,.- Full- Time Police Depart,n e nt Officers, December 31, 1965, Number and Rate per 1,000 Inhabitants, by Geographic Divisions and Population Groups [1965 estim a ted population] P opula tion group T OTAL (3,613 G eogra phic division cities; popula tion 109, 633, • 000) G roup I (55 cities over 250,000; popula t ion 41,822,000) Group II (92 cities, 100,000 to 250,000; pop ula t ion 13,035,000) Group III (21 7 cities, 50,000 to 100,000; p opulation 14,891,000) Group I V (433 cit ies, 25,000 to 50,000; population 15,061,000) Group V (974 cities , 10,000 t o 25 ooo· pop~lation 15,016,000) Grou p V J (l ,842 cities und er 10,000: p opul nLion 9,806,000) 20,191 19, 972 19,370 13. 086 I. 4 TOTAL: 3,613 cities; population 109,633 ,000: Number of police officers ___ __ ______ _ Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabita nts _____ ___ Rate range ___ ____ ___ N ew England: 331 cities; population 8,216,000 : N umber of police officers _________ ___ Average number of officers p er 1,000 inhab itan ts ______ _ R ate ran ge __ ____ ____ M iddle Atla ntic : 776 cities; population 24 ,456,000 : Number of police officers _____ ____ ___ Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabitan ts ___ ___ _ R a te range __ ____ ____ East North Ce ntral : 810 190,005 1. 7 0. 1- 7. 5 14, 789 98,147 o. 8-2. 7 o. 6-3. 2 1. 3 . 0. 2- 3. 3 1. 3 0. 1-5. 2 0. 1- 7. 5 2,495 2,608 3,766 2,801 2,289 830 3. 8 2. 3 2. 0--2. 7 I. 1-2. 6 o. 9-2. 7 1. 6 1. 3 0. 5--3. 0 o. 2-3. 5 2. 3 I. 0--3. 1.8 0. 2-3. 8 19, 239 (1) I. 5 ). 8 I. 3 I. I 58, 651 39,842 2, 930 3,953 4, 197 4, 710 3. 01 2. 4 0. 1-5. 7 3. 3 1. 6-3. 5 1. 0 1. 3-2. 3 1. 5 0. 6-3. 2 o. 5--3. 3 1. 6 1. 4 0. 1-5. 2 0. 1- 5. 40,529 22, 367 3, 297 3,891 4, 086 4. 01 6 1. 7 0. 2-4. 4 2. 4 1. 0--2. 9 1.4 1-1. 7 o. 6-2. 5 o. 7-2. 7 I. 2 1. 2 0. 3-3. I 11, 099 4,758 1,008 838 1,355 1, 683 I. 4ii 1. 3 0. 3- 3. 7 1. 8 1. 1- 2. 8 ). 1 0. 8- 1. 5 o. 6-1. 3 1.0 1.0 0. 4- 1. 5 1. 1 0. 5- 2. 7 0. 3- 3. 19,367 8,267 3,706 2, 065 1, 881 I, 931 1.8 0. 3- 7. 6 I. 3-3. 6 2. 5 ). 4 0. 9-2. 0 1. 6 1. 0--2. 7 ). 5 0. 6-2. 0 1. 6 0. 4- 3. 6 6,239 2, 366 l, 289 411 985 647 " 1. 4 0. 2-4. 2 1. 3 1. 2- 1. 4 I. 3 I. 1- 1. 7 I. 6 1. 3-2. 0 1. 4 I. 1- 1. 8 I. 3 0. 6-2. J 1. 0. 2--1. ). I cities; population 23 ,827,000: Number of p olice omcers __ __________ A verage number of officers per 1,000 inhabita n ts ___ ___ . R a te ran ge _____ __ ___ West North Central : 399 cities; population 8,369,000: N umber of p olice offi cers __ ___ __.. __ _ A verage number of officers p er 1,000 inhabita nts ____ ___ Rate range __________ South Atla ntic: 321 cities ; population 10,661,000: N umber of police officers __________ __ Average number of offirers per 1,000 inha bit ants ___ ____ R ate ran ge __ _____ ___ East South Central : 135 cities; population 4,570,000: Number of police omcers ___ __ _. _____ Average number of officers per 1,000 inhabita nts _______ Rate ra n ge __ ____ __ __ See footnotes a t e nd of t abl e . 150 ). 1. 2 2, 87 I. 0. 2- 4. ). 1, 5 1 1. o. 3--7. 41 �Table 44.-Full- Tim,e Police D epartm,e nt Officers, December 31, 1965, Nurnber and Rate per 1,000 Inhabitants, by G eographic Divis ions and Population Groups- Continued (I965 estimated popula tion) Popula t ion group TOTAL Geogra phic di v ision (3,613 cities; p opulatio n 109,633,000) Group II (92 cities, 100,000 t o 250,000; 250,000; p opula tion popul a tion 41,822.000) 13,035,000) Group I (55 c it ies over G roup III (217 cities, 50,000 to 100,000; popula tion 14,891,000) Group IV (433 c ities, 25,000 to 50,000; popula tion 15,061,000) Group V (974 cities, 10,000 to 25,000; population 15,016,000) Group VI (l ,842 cit ies under 10,000; popula t ion 9,806,000) --West South Central: 258 cities; population 10,174,000: Nwnber of police offi cers ___ __. . .. · -A verage n um ber of offi cers per 1,000 inha bita nts .... - ·· R ate ra nge_·····- - · · Mountain: 176 cities; population 4 ,502,000: Num b er of p olice offi cers .. -.. ·-- . . .. Average n wn b er of offi cers per 1,000 inha b itants. ____. . R ate range . .... -··-· Pacific : 407 cities; population 14,858 ,000 : N um ber of p olice offi cers._. _.. . ___.. Average nwnb er of offi cers per 1,000 in habit ants. -·- -·. R ate range.... -- - ··· 5, 900 I, 836 1, 319 I, 171 I, 111 756 1. 2 0. 3-2. 4 I. 3 1. 0-1. 8 I. 2 0. 9-1. 6 I.I 0. 6-1. 5 1.0 0. 5-1.4 o. 3-2. 4 1.0 1. 2 0.4-2. 4 5, 725 2, 037 803 I, 033 653 700 1. 3 0. 2- 3. 2 1. 0-1. 5 I. 6 1. 3-2. 3 ]. 2 0. 9-1. 7 I.I 0. 5-1. 6 o. 4-2. 2 o. 2-3. 2 21, 513 10, 115 2, 066 3, 145 2,463 2,330 I, 394 1. 4 I. 7 I. 0- 1. 9 I. 3 1.0-1. 7 o. 9-1.9 I. 2 I. 3 0. 2-3. 2 I. 4 0. 7- 2. 5 1.6 0. 4-3. i 12,093 o. 2---3. 7 I. 3 499 I.I I. 4 S u b ur ban Police a n d Count y S hen IT D e pa r tme n ts Suburban: 2 1,770 a gencies ; population 40. 251. 000: Num ber of police officers _.. -- · · · ·· · · A ,·erage n umbe r of ofli 9ers p e r 1,000 inhabitants _____ __- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Ra te range __···- · - · -- ·· - · ·· -· · - · ·-·- ,is. 446 I. 2 0.1- 7. 5 Sheriffs: 1,154 agencies; population 32,357,000 : Number of officers ..... · -······- - ·· ·· A verage n u mber of officers p er 1,000 inha bita nts·- · ··- ---- · ····-·-·-·· ·· R a t e range. -. - - ----- - -···· · · ·-·-·· · · 27, 299 0. 8 0.1-9. 7 Onl y '?ne cit y t his size in geograp h icdd ivisig~~ba n ar ea a re a lso includecl in other city groups. Agencies and populat.1011 represente 1n s u Popula tion figures round ed t o the n ea rest t h ou sau d. A ll rates were calcula ted on tbe popul a tion before 1 2 rou nd ing. 151 �Table 45.-Civilian Police D epartme nt Employ ees, D ec e mbe r 31, 1965, Percentage of Tot al by Population Group P ercentage ci,ilian employees Population grou p TOTAL, ALL CITIES _ _____ __ ___ ____ ____ ____ ___ -------- ----- - - - - --- - --------- ______ __ 10. 7 G roup I (over 250,000) ___ _____ ____________ __________ ___ ___ _____ ____ _____ ____ ____ ______ _____ _I= = = = = II. 3 (Over 1,000,000) _______ - - _- - -- - -- - -- - __- - - -- - - ----- _____ - - - ___ ___ _____ ____ ______ _______ _ 9. 6 (500,000-1,000,000) __- _-- ___ -- ----- __ ---- --- --- __ ___ ---- - - _-- _- - -- - - __- - - ____ ____ ________ 12. 4 14. 9 12. 8 ro~~i~tit~~i.50-,000)::: :::::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::::::: ::::::::::::: G rou p III (50 ,000-100,000) - ______ - - - - - - ---- ------ - -- - -- - - - --- ___________ ______ _______ ______ _ G 10. (i G roup I V (2.'i,000-50,000) - _---- --------- - - --- - - - -- --- ---------- --- ----- - - -- ------- - ____ _____ G rou p V (10,000-25,000) - ------ - ------------- - - - - - -- - ---- -- -- -- - - -- - ----- - - - - -- - - ---- _____ __ G roup VI (2,500-10,000)- -- --- - - - ----------------- - -- ----- - - - -- - - - - - - --- - - - - --- - --- - - - - - __ __ 9. 2 7. S 10. 2 Su burban agen cies ______- - - - ------ - - - - -- - -- - - -- - --- -- -- - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - -- - ______ ____ ___ Sheriffs __ __ ___ -- - - -- - - --- - -- --- - -- -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 12. 0 15. I Table 4-6.-Nurnbe r of Police Officers K illed,' 1965, by Geo graph ic Divisions and Popu lation Groups Popula tion group Geographic division TOTAL Grou p! G roupII G roupII!GroupIV GroupV G roup VI Over 250,000 TOTAL _ ______ __ 'ew England ____ ____ _ M iddle Atla ntic _____ _ East Nor th CentraL __ " 'est Nor th CentraL_ Sou th Atlantic ___ ___ __ Eas t Sou th CentraL _ W est South CentraL _ Mountain __________ __ P acific ________ _______ _ 1 83 3 10 IO 3 15 9 14 7 12 100,000 to 50,000 to 250,000 100,000 20

-- - - - - --- ------ --- ------- - --- --- ---

3 1 1 ----- - ---5 ---------- --- ------- ------ - - - 10,000 to 25,000 U nder 10,000 12 ! ---------- 40 2 2 I --- - ----- - __ _ _______ ______ ____ 3 2 I - -- -- -- - - - - - - -- -- -· . . ___ . _. _ __ J 3 ---- - ----- ---------- ---------2 - -- - - ---- ----- --- i- -- -- -----1 3

·- ---------1 53 killed b y felons; 30 k illed in accidents. 152 25,000 to 50,000 Count y. Sta te Police and Higlrn·ay P atrol 3 3 3 g 5 9 2 f, �,, - •. , ~ . . . , . . . _ .....,....., -~~

- r ,.....,- .,..........,...~ ...-----"*· -_____.,....,..,

- Table 47. - Assaults on Police Officers , 1965, by G eog raphic D ivis ions and Popula tion Group s (4,652 agencies; IY65 estimated population 125,029,000] Geographic d i,·ision Total assaults R ate per JOO poli ce om ccrs TOTAL __ _______ _______ _____ ________ _ N ew England ____ ______ _ Middle Atlan t ic_______ __::::::- - - -------- -- -E ast No rth Cent rnL ______ _ \Yest No rt h Cent ral

--

1l~~1~~F143.215.248.55\~f:-~===:::~=~l15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)143.215.248.55 20, 523 1, 140 5, 868 3. 320 I. 021 3. 585 1, 227 898 95 1 2. 513 Assaults R at e per wit h 100 police inju r y Population gro u p 6,836 3. 6 TOTAL __ ____ --- -- ·- ------- ----- ----- 9. 7 9. 5 9. 2 5 18 I. 704 4. 4 2. 7 I.O•JO 2. 9 8. 8 17. 8 I .3 462 I. 28 1 278 3 14 ·103 827 G roup I (Over 250,000) ___ . --- - -- -------------- - -Group TI (1 00,000 to 250,000) _____ -·--- --- - - --- - --- Gro u p I ll (50,000 to I00.000) _________ __ ____________ _ Grou p I V (25,000 to 50.000).- - -- -------------------Group V ( 10,000 to 25,000) _____ - - . . - --- - - - - - - · - - --G rou p VI (U nder J0 ,000) ___ __ _____________ - - ------- 10. 6 - -- - = ==,l====I 8. 7 I 2. 9 JO. 8 4. 0 6. 4 4. 2 3.0 5. 5 3. 5 1 - -- ----- - - ----- --- ----S uburba___ n ___ agencies Sheriffs __ _____________ ________ ___ ____ 1 Total assaults Agen cies and popul ation represented in s uburban area are also in rluded in other city groups . Ra te per JOO police officers ofl:icers Assa ul ts Rate per wi t h JOO police injury officers 3. 6 20, 523 10. 8 6. 836 9, 667 JJ. 5 2. 917 3. 5 I. 763 11. 9 684 4. 6 2. 156 12. G 763 4. 5 2,2 15 J l. 7 785 4. 2 1,857 9. 7 65 1 3. 4 1, 358 10. 5 468 3. G 3. 759 507 8. 8 I. 392 G.8 568 3. 2 2. 6 1; �Table 48 . -Fu ll- T i m e State Police and Hig h way Patro l Employees, - D ecembe r 31, 1965 Sta te Alabama _______ ____ ____ -Alas ka ____ _________ ____ __ Arizona ____ ____ _____ _. __ _ Ark ansas __ ____ ___- - __ - - - - TOTAL 510 147 414 Ca lifornia ____ __________ __ Colorado _________ __ •. ____ Connecticut _____________ _ 333 4, 277 502 7il D elawa re ___ __ ___ __ __ ____ _ Florida __ __ ________ ______ _ Georgia. ___ _______ ______ _ Idaho __ ___ ________ _____ __ Illinois ________ . __ __. ____ _ 1, 378 743 Ind iana ______ ________ ____ Io,va ___ ___ ____ ___ ___ ___ __ Kansas _________ __ _____ ___ K en t ucky __ ____ _______ ___ Louis iana ____ _____ __ ___ __ . '.f nine_____ ______ __ _______ M a ryland _________ __ - -- - M assachusetts __ __ __ _. __._ M ichiga n __ _____ __ -- - --- - Nfinnesota _____ _________ __ Mississippi__ _______ __ __ __ M issouri . . ___ _____ ____ · ·Montana .. _.... · - - · - . ·- · · Nebraska _· ·· ·· - ... · · - · - · . N evada. __ __. . ·- ··· .·· ··New H a mpshire . .. .. . __.. New J ersey· · · ·· ·· - · · · ·- · · N ow lVIex ico ______ ________ New Yo rk . . .. ·- ··· · · · - ··, orth Ca rolina . . .. . - · ·· -· orth Dakota . . · · · · · ---· · Ohi o·- · · ··- ··· · ····· ·-·· · Okl a homa_. . .. _... ·· - -.·Oregon· - - · - ····- · · · · - . ... Pennsyl vanin __ _____ ___ ___ Rhode Island . . .. -. . · -· · ·· South Carolin a_. . ... . . _. . Sou t h D a kota . . ·-· · · - ··- · Tennessee _________ ___ ___ _ rrexas . - ---- - - - -- -- - -----Utah . .. -··········· ·- - · -· Vermon t. - ....... . . · - ··-· V irgin ia ____________ __ ___ _ Was hington . .. _·· ··· -···. West Virginia·- ·-· · ···· · · Wisconsin . . . . ___ .. ___. _. . W yom it1g _· ··· · ·-· · · - ·· · · 154 284 175 1, 717 Pol ice offi cers 433 107 324 248 3, 135 33 7 557 I, 179 733 350 333 692 250 468 749 297 77 10 29 538 332 194 83 224 180 569 246 788 51 -290 3ii 95 462 156 •162 647 I , 14 5 230 2,588 698 569 3 13 65 1 2,64 1 152 5S6 2,285 234 220 123 190 1, 074 737 410 416 98 ifi5 42 1 3 12 232 7 3, 032 2, 400 I. 665 I, iiO 3, 1-1 0 2, 995 3, lfii" 3 13 3 1. 6 23 . I 4 744 16. 3 3. i i 5 2. 080 3. 39, I : 884 38. 2 23 14. 0 4, 386 2. 34.J I. 7 •I.,. 0 2. -190 3 7. 3 2 193 14 549 256 1- ------ - --- ! 95 - ··-······-· 3!! 1:::::::::::: 39 1··-···- · -··· 1, ,j , 4,5. I 7. 7 14. 8 2. 4 3. 613 ·L 2-Hi 51 15 76 JO I , 374 3,599 H52 2. 444 3, 52 1 3,043 3. 303 2/ -11 2 41. 2 41. 2 25 63 1 2, 430 p er police ofli cer I , 039 4, I 10 3, -157 2, 874 7. 3 32 1 127 429 State m otor ve hi cle registrat ions 2. 7 15. fi 30. I 32. G 13. 5 14. 9 28. 3 3. 8 54 245 56 134 1, 395 48 1 147 888 138 538 143 78 8 46 2. 2 19G 472 1,403 4. 5 24. 8 684 3 18 306 2, 909 89 1 92 48. 9 58 I , 255 197 296 71 157 15. 7 85 I , 142 165 2 14 1, 078 785 1, 573 618 1, 000 21. 8 20. 0 90 226 694 547 146 1, 065 544 iWiles of primary high way p er p olice officer Police killed C ivilia n 6gb 68 7 309 316 98 ·--·-··--·a· 1· ····--·-··-· ·- · ······· .• -··· · ·····-· --···· ·--··· ' I 184 1- -- ···· · · · · · II -··· · ····-·· -'. 2 18. 6 8 1. I 21. 8 37. 6 .6 fi. fi 7. G 2 1. 8 70. 9 13. 9 44. 4 24 . 4 18. 3 11 . 3 10. 0 l (i. 4

i O. 3

fi3. I 2, 20fi 2, 213 2, 909 4, 93.1 5, :')2 1 4, ·11 0 I. 91 0 2. JO~ 3. on~ 2. -100 3. fiJ:J 2,48 1

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2, 23:l I. 3fi8 2,23 1 3. ,.~, 2, I ! ti 7. if\7 2. :')(i~ �Table 49 .- Num b e ,· of Full - Time Police D epartme nt Employees, D ece mbe r 31, 1965, C itie s 25 ,000 and o ver in Population ' umber of police depar t· ment employees Number of police depart· meat employees City by state City by state Total 51 542 44 60 58 81 203 321 227 42 101 50 482 40 58 53 78 155 256 192 41 95 1 60 4 2 5 3 48 65 ~5 1 r, ALASKA Anchorage . . ........ . 92 70 22 ARIZONA F lagstaff. . .. ..... .. . . G lendale ... . ........ . M esa . . ............ . . Phoenix .... . ....... . Scottsdale ... . ...... . Tempe .... ... . . ..... . I'ucson .. ........... . 1run1a_- - -- --- -- -- - -- 32 4_1 55 798 59 42 349 29 38 49 3 3 6 677 121 50 38 266 9 4 8~ 1 42 41 23 35 98 44 196 99 22 l 29 6 ARKANSAS Blythe ville . . . . ..... . El Dorado . ... ..... . . Fort Sm it h .. .. . . . . . . Bot Sprin gs .... . ... . Little Rock . .. .... .. . No rt h Little Rock .. Pine B luff . .... ..... . 62 92 43 177 94 59 6 l 19 5 3 CALIFORNIA Ala meda... ..... . A lhambra. ___ - - - - - - Anaheim ___ ______ -- - Arcad ia ..... ... . . .. . . Azusa .... . ...... . B a ke rs field ... ...... . Baldwin Park . .. ... . Berkeley ... .......• · Bcvc rlv Hills . ..... . Buena.Park .. . . Bu rha n k .... .. . ..... . Burlingame.. .. . .. C hula Vista .. ... ... . Compton.. ... . ·· Concor d ... .. . Cost a Mesa .. .. . Covina ____ ___ _ C ul ver C ity .. . Daly C ity ... . . Downey... ... . .. El Cajon .... . ... · · E l Cerrito . . . .....• El .\1onte .. . . . . . . . . Eureka._ F a irfield . .... Frcmo11t_ ___ _ Fres no ______ - · Fullerton .. . . . . <~nrdcna _____ __ Garden G rove . . Glc•11dalr ...... . ( : \cn dor a .. _____ _ ll awthorne .. ..... . . ll ayward _____ __ ·_ II unting ton Beach... I funtin v;ton Park . - lll~le wood ... .. Police C ivilians officers CALIFORNIA---Gon. A LA BAMA Besseme r . . .. ..... .. . Birmingham.. . .. . .. . Decatu r_ ________ __ __ Dothan. . ........... . Florence . __ __ _______ _ Gadsden . . . .. ....... . Huntsville . ....... . . . Mobile . . .. .. .. ..... . Montgomery .. . . ... . Selma.... ........... . T u scaloosa ... ....... . Tota l Police C ivi lians officers 81 90 255 74 49 164 53 166 94 86 166 39 70 130 83 96 41 65 64 JOO 5(i 37 74 43 32 90 289 127 (i4 137 J(i8 33 54 99 89 50 126 i 74 74 16 207 64 44 48 10 5 128 41 153 12 87 65 137 36 13 7 21 29 30 9 57 102 13 28 63 20 ~! I 22 7 87 44 19 12 31 (i ~~ I 56 37 27 76 225 100 54 l\1ountain V iew __ ___ _ Napa . . ............. . N a tional C ity .. . .. . . New por t B each .. . . . . Novato . .... . ....... . Oa kla nd ..... . . ..... . Oceanside .... ... . ... . Ontario.... ..... . ... . Orange .. . . . ........ . Oxnar d .. ......... . . . Pacifica . . ........... . Pa lo Alto . . . . ....... . P asade na .. . . . . ..... . Pleasant R ill . ..... .. . Pomona ___ ________ __ R eel la nds . .......... . R edondo Beach .... . . R edwood City... ... . Richmond . .... . . ... . Riverside .. ......... . Sacram en to .. . .. .... . Salinas. _______ _____ _ San Bernardino. . . .. . San Bruno___ _____ __ _ San Diego . ... ....... , San Francisco ____ ___ _ San Gahr ie L .. . . ... . San Jose . .......... . San Leandro .. _____ __ San Luis Obispo . ... . San Mateo ... ...... . San R afaeL . ....... . Santa Ana ..... . .... . Santa Clara ... ...•... San ta Cru z _________ _ Santa Ma ria ..... ... . Santa Monica ... . ... . Santa Rosa .. ....... . Sou t h Gate ......... . South San F rancisco. I tockton ... ......... . 8 Sunn~rvale __________ _ 9 Torra nce . . . .. ...•••. Upland .. ....... .. .. . Va llejo... ........... . Ventura ..... . ...... . West Covina_._ ._ .. __ Westminst er . . ...... . 18 (j 5 14 (i4 27 10 g~ I ~I 25 34 4 ~i45 I 17 95 L a Habra.. ......... . L a Mesa . .. ..... . .. . . Livermore ______ ___ __ Lod i. . . . . . .... .. .... . Long Beach .... ..... . L os Angeles .... . ... . Ly n wood ... ........ . Man hatt a n Beac h . .. . Menlo Park . . ....... . Modesto . .. ..... .... . Monrovia ____ _______ _ Montebello... . . . . ... . Monterey . . . . . ...... . Monterey P a rk . ..... . (j 15 5 31 ·1 26 42 704 6,613 45 38 34 21 42 599 5, 18 1 39 50 40 37 37 79 51 65 44 52 39 51 58 36 46 75 58 51 60 61 43 55 97 25 835 55 77 82 80 25 82 214 11 105 56 68 73 168 173 445 91 2 14 39 853 2, 035 42 388 81 40 100 53 201 92 51 21 638 49 68 68 73 105 1, 432 (j 10 14 7 (j 12 9

J

7 9 22 4 197 (; g 14 7 Ii Ii 38 19 11 91 49 57 64 138 137 372 71 171 32 721 1, i86 36 14 7 II 9 30 3(i n 20 43 7 132 249 Ii 357 62 37 83 40 31 15 1 50 11 i 80 44 38 125 32 86 H2 3 5 76 44 179 12 176 163 50 84 51 179 102 4 19 3 17 13 Ii 38 2 77 7 41 155 79 149 25 10 73 24 2:J 30 7 13 8 58 M 5fJ 40 12 89 i i 18 34 64 58 146 98 1 43 34 46 27 57 72 Whittier_ __ _______ _ C OLO RADO 50 37 Iii I Arvada .... Aurora __ ___ . ______ _ Boulder .... ......... . Colorado , prin gs ... · I Denve r .. ............ 1 E nJ,?lewood ... ______ _ F or t Coll ins ... ...•• . Greeley .. .......... . Pue blo.... ... ... . . .. . 1~7 58 126 20 8 19 1H2 40 3 26 36 12 1 JO 16 8 155 �Table 49 . -Num.be r of Full-Tim.e Police Departm.ent Em.ployees, D ecem.ber 31 , 1965, Cities 25,000 and o ver in Population-Continued C ity by state umber of police depart ment employees C ity by s tate T otal P olice officers Civilians 391 374 62 17 57 65 5 73 37 3 CONNECTICUT IlridgcporL . _____ ___ B r istol__ __ __ ______ ___ Danbury _______ ____ _ East Hartford ____ __ _ E n.field __ ___ _____ ___ _ Fairfield _________ __ __ Greenwich _ ___ _____ _ 1-Ia.mclcn ________ ____ _ H artford __ __ ________ _ Manchester Township _ ___ _____ Meriden ______ ____ ___ Middletown __ ________ Milford Town __ _____ New B ritain ___ ___ __ _ New Haven ______ ___ New London _______ _ Norwalk ____ _______ __ Norw ich. _______ ____ . Southington Town _ _ Starn ford _______ ____ _ Stratford _____ _______ _ Torrington _____ _____ _ Trumbull ___ _______ _ Wallingford ____ ___ ___ Wa terbury _____ ______ West Hartford ______ _ W est Haven __ __ ____ _ Westport. ___ _______ _ 65 76 39 68 66 134 11 4 78 385 75 348 57 55 81 51 86 150 2 10 408 19 91 53 90 164 427 75 143 49 28 2 18 81 48 30 38 235 107 74 41 72 1 28 45 28 208 76 47 29 38 2 2 20 3 37 2 3 15 4 10 5 1 1 225 10 99 73 39 8 l 2 254 223 31 3, 159 2, 9 11 248 FLORIDA Clearwater_____ ___ __ _ C oral Gables __ _____ _ Daytona Beach _____ _ For t L auderdale __ ___ For t Myers ___ ______ _ }i'ort P ierce _________ _ Gainesville ___ ______ _ l l ialeah _____________ _ Jacksonville _____ ___ _ Key West_ __________ _ Lakeland ___________ _ Miami_ ___ ___ __ ___ __ _ Miami Beach __ _____ _ North lWiami_ __ ____ _ North Miami B each _ Orla ndo ____ ___ _____ _ Panama City _______ _ P ensacola__ __ _______ _ St. Petersburg ____ __ _ Saras ota _______ ____ . _ Talla hassee __ _______ _ T ampa ___ __ _______ __ 98 101 116 301 55 52 84 108 474 39 104 869 267 55 45 71 27 82 19 29 60 12 17 13 13 81 87 241 43 35 71 95 393 37 85 633 205 47 '12 2 19 236 62 3 197 44 119 164 37 33 330 61 95 677 106 252 13 78 9 7 151 52 8 526 7 GEORGIA Albany ___ _________ __ Atla nta _____________ _ Augusta __-- - _______ _ College Park __ _____ _ Columbus __ __ ____ ___ Decat ur ___ ______ ___ _ La Gr ange __ ______ ___ Macon _________ _____ _ Marietta ________ ___ __ 156 Police C ivilians officr rs 80 888 159 31 192 30 44 166 51 79 765 136 31 179 27 43 163 45 Rom e __ __ __ _____ ___ __ Savannah _ _ __ ____ ___ Valdosta _____ ________ 56 203 40 52 168 39 H ilo ___HAWAII ________ ___ ___ Honolulu ______ ______ 93 766 83 10 648 118 8 58 46 9 12 Aurora __ ___ ______ ____ Belleville __ ____ _____ _ Berwyn ___ ________ ___ Bloom i11gton ___ _____ _ Ca lumet C ity ___ _____ C ha m pa ign __________ Chicago ____ _____ _____ Ch icago Heights ____ _ Cicero ___ ____ __ ____ __ DanviLle _____ ___ _____ D ecatur ___ ______ ____ Des Plaines _________ _ Eas t St.Louis _______ E lgin ___ ____ ________ _ E lmhurst ___ ________ _ Evans ton ___ ________ _ E vergreen Park __ ___ Freeport_ __ _____ __ ___ Galesb urg __________ _ Grani te C ity ____ ____ _ H a r vey _____ _______ __ H ighla nd P a r k _____ _ Joliet. ____ ________ ___ Lomba rd ___ _____ ___ _ M a ywood _________ _ Moline _____ ________ _ Monon Gro ,·e ______ _ Moun t Prospect __ ___ ' iles ___ _--- - ------- North C hicago _____ __ Oak Lawn __________ _ Oak P a rk _________ ___ Park Forest_ ___ __ ___ _ Park Ridge ___ ______ _ Pekin ___ __________ ___ P eoria ____ __________ _ Qui ncy ___ ___ ______ __ Rockford _________ __ _ Rock Is land _______ __ Skokie __________ ____ _ Spring field ____ ___ ___ _ Urba na _______ ______ _ Villa Park __ ________ _ \.Yau kegan ____ ______ _ Wheaton _____ ___ ___ _ Wilmette _ ·------ - -- - 67 58 6 49 44 93 47 63 49 26 58 11, 745 59 101 47 82 55 104 72 53 141 28 34 42 41 35 42 80 31 39 54 33 31 43 20 52 90 26 42 33 196 55 190 87 120 11 5 29 25 70 30 41 42 37 84 42 58 44 23 56 10, 269 50 99 39 69 53 90 54 49 109 26 30 36 41 35 35 75 24 39 47 30 26 39 18 49 72 21 39 32 178 52 166 71 107 U:-! 26

n

63 27 7 9 5 5 5 3 2 1,476 9 2 8 13 2 14 18 4 32 2 4 6 7 3 5 4 2 3 18 5 3 1 18 3 24 l tl 13 23 3 4 3 33 8 92 41 135 70 224 251 255 l u4 14 12 INDI ANA Anderson __ ____ _____ _ 23 Bloo rn ingLon ___ _ ____ 1 3 6 94 ILLINOIS Alton _____ ______ _____ Arlington Heigh ts ___ 1 123 13 3 4 35 1 IDAHO Boise __ _______ ___ ___ _ Idaho F alls ___ ____ ___ Poca tello _________ ___ 4 14 DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA Washington ___ ___ ___ _ Tota l GEORGIA-Con . DELAWARE Wilmington ___ ____ ___ N u mber of police clepar trncnt eniployees E ast Ch icago _____ ___ Elkhart_ __ __ ___ ____ Evansville _______ . ___ Fort W ayn e . _____ _ Gary _____ _____ _____ _ Ila mmond __ ___ ___ __ 10G 53 141 83 240 259 294 179 tl 13 l tl s 3U l5 �Table 49 . -N um.ber of Full-Tim.e Police D e partm.e nt Employees, Decemb e r 31 1965, Cities 25,000 and over in Population-Continued ' Nnmber of pollce department employees N u mbe r of pol ice depa rtm ent mnployees City by st ate C ity by state T ota l P olice officers Civilian s 916 82 65 52 58 111 1 1 1 Ind iana polis . _. .. . _. . Kokomo .- - ···· · ·· · · Lafayette .. . . . . . . ·- . .

VIarion . . - - · · ··· ·· · ·:Vl ichigan City_ . . . . . .

.Mishawaka _. . . . . . .. . .Mu ncie •. . _. . . .. ·· · ·-

--:ew A l ban y ___ ___ ___

1, 027 83 66 53 62 51 111 43 Richmond . - - ·· · · - · . . South Bend _· · -·-·- -· T erre Ha u te . ·· · ··- · · 2 11 116 64 48 104 43 60 202 109 4 3 7 4 9 7 IOWA 35 41 27 L38 38 60 115 2 56 68 44 4-1 34 130 lOti 32 32 24 121 35 58 llO 231 63 27 3 9 3 17 3 2 5 25 5 17 34 10 32 100 94 30 12 2 KANSAS H u tch inson .. . _.. .. . . Kansas City ________ _ La wrence_. - · - . -· . . .. Lenvenwo rLh . __ _- . - . Ornr lan d Pa r k_ _.. .. . Prairie Village . . . . . . . i:la lina . · ·- - -· ·····- · · Topeka . . . ... . --· . . - . Wichita--···· .... .. · - 42 242 42 24 41 32 49 169 392 36 L92 34 23 34 30 40 142 310 6 50 8 1 7 2 9 27 82 KENTUCKY Bow ling G reen .. . .. . Co ,·ington . .... ... . -. Lexing ton . ... - - -- - Louis d llc . . .

\"ewpor t. . . ... --··· · ·

Uwensboro . _ Paduca h .... --····· 46 98 176 644 67 80 59 45 88 150 542 54 78 57 1 10 26 102 13 2 2 LOUISIANA A lcxand ria .... .. . . . - Ba ton Rou ge . Bossier City .... H ouma ... La ke C ha rles

Vl onroc, .. ..... :--:c w [ beria

\c w Orleans . . . .

t; hreveport. .. _ 55 308 38 46 49 83 32 l , 249 254 53 271 38 42 47 71 31 I , 087 222 MAIN E Au burn . .. . Bangor . .. . Le w is lon . ___ Portland ... 33 58 62 127 C u111hcrl an d . . 11 agcrs town . ... 2 37 4 2 12 1 162 32 32 48 1 10 5.5 111 16 7 A r lington_. . .. ... . .. . Attleboro .... . . . .. . . . Belman t . .. . .. . · - ... . Beverly _.. _. . ··· ···- · Boston _._ .. . ... .. ·--· B raintree. __ _--· - ··-B rockto n ___... · ·-- - · B rook! ine __ _. - .... ·-· Cam br idge ._ ._ .. . . . . C helsea__. . ... . ... - -· C bicopee_. .. · ··-- ·-· E verett. ____ · -._ · -- · F a ]] River_ . . - · - ·--· · F itchburg. __ _· · - ·· · F ramingham _· · -- · · · · G lou cest er . . .. ··· · · · H a verhill _. .. ....... . Ho! yoke . .. . . ... .. .. . L a w re nce .. . . _-· · - · · Le0111 inster . ___ .. _.. . L exington ___. .. .. .. . Lowell_ . . --· ···-·· ·· · Ma lden . _.. ... . ..... . Med ford . . . · ·· -··· · · · Melrose_ - ·· · ····· ·- · · Milton . . . - ··· ·· ··· ··· N atic k . . . . .. . ....... . Needham . .. . . . . . . .. . New Bed ford .. .. .. . . ewton .. . · · -· · · ·· · · Nor t ha mpton .... . . . . N or wood ___. .. . .. . . . Pittsfield . __ . . . . . . . . . Qn incy _ - ·· ·· · · ···· · · Revere . . · - .. . . ..... . Salem __ . . . .. .. .... . . Somerville . .. . . . . . . . . Wak efield .. .. . . . . . . . . Waltha m . . ... . . .. . .. . Wat ertow n_.. . . ·-· ·· · Wellesley ._.· -··· · ··· West field . . -. . . . . ... . . West Springfield . . . . . Wey mouth _. . . . ... . . . Woburn . . .. . .. .... .. . Worcester .... ...... . . L ans in g_ . . . ·- · · . . .. . . Li vonia . . . . . . . . .. · -·- 3,365 63 us 3. 003 59 65 362 4 3 91 41 51 61 2,696 58 149 149 240 76 97 120 258 81 82 54 77 ll4 139 41 37 194 124 116 55 55 51 43 249 166 43 42 89 178 100 81 155 38 102 78 82 40 47 58 2, 495 54 143 142 230 72 94 11 7 236 74 80 52 74 112 130 39 35 18 1 9 1 4 3 201 4 6 7 10 4 3 3 22 7 2 2 3 2 9 2 2 13 124 112 48 42 2 1 3 1 234 160 15 6 53 54 43 42 84 165 95 76 148 37 100 74 5 13 5 5 7 1 2 4 84 53 82 2 2 1 2 44 416 44 362 54 52 122 79 88 45 201 49 107 40 38 45 54 43 MICHIGAN Allen P ark . ... . ..... Ann Ar bor__. . ... .. . . Batt le C reek ... . .. . _. B ay C it y_ . . ..... . . . . Bir m ingham ._ . . ·-· · · Dear born .. . .. .. . . . . . Dear born Heights .. . Detroit. . · · · ·· · · - · · ·· East Detroit•........ E ast Lans ing . . . - · - · · F erndale ... ..... . ... . Flint. .. ·-··········· Gar den C it y ... ..... . Grand Ra pids . . .. . . . H am trnmck ... ..... . High la nd P ar k .. . . . . !Tolland .-· _. .. ·-· ··· Inkster . . . . . . . . . .. .. . J ackson .. .... . .... . . . K alamazoo . . . . . . . .. . Li ncoln P ark . . ..... - MA RYLAND Balti, nore .. .. Pol ice Civilians officers MASSACHUSETTS INDIANA- Con. Am es- -· · - - ··· - · · · - · · Burlin gton .. __ _. . . . · Ceda r Fa lls_ . .. . .. --. Ceda r R apid s . . . _. . . . Clin ton _· --··· · · · · · · · Cou ncil B lu ffs . . .. . . . Da Yen por L.- . .. .. . . . Des :Vl oin es_ . . .. . ... D u buque .. .... . . . .. . Iowa C ity ... . . ..... . M ason City .. . . -- ·- · Ottumwa _ Sioux CitY-- · ·· · · ···· Water loo ... _.... . . . . Total Madison lleights ... . . Midland ... · ··-· ····· Monroe_. ..... . . .. . . . 61 64 3 3 179 58 3 1/i I ii 5 7 22 3 4,841 54 4, 40 1 46 440 8 30 47 28 41 324 86 410 38 267 81 I 15 38 35 226 40 73 100 32 38 85 74 15 1 210 124 187 63 83 66 93 38 31 . 39 34 28 2 6 3 4l 8 15 6 2 II 27 29 3 10 4 3 38 157 �T abl e49.-N umbe r of Full-Ti m e Police D ep a r t m ent Employees , D e cembe r 31, 1965 , Ci t ies 25 ,000 a n d o v e r i n Pop u lation- Con t i n u ed City by state N u mber of police depa rt. m cnt employees City by s tate Total P oli ce officers Civil ia ns 30 72 59 2 15 8 MICHIGAN-Con . Mou n t C lemens . . .. . Muskegon . . ... . ..... . Oak Park . . . .. ... .. . . Pon tiac . . . ..... . ... . . P ort H uron . . . . . . . .. . R osev ille • . . . . . . . . •.. R oyal Oak . . .. . . . . . . Saginaw ___ ___ ____ __ _ St. Clair Shores . . .. . . Southfield .•• .. . . . . . . W arren ____ ______ ____ Wyandotte . . . . .. . . . . . Wyoming . .. . . . . . ... . \:V inon a __________ __ __ ! JG 49 53 91 140 76 46 154 58 51 37 3, 50 47 20 16 24 17 25 134 32 36 792 13 23 36 72 42 10 3 15 17 4 13 17 7 7 2 121 28 3 4 I I 13 4 34 725 6i 24 2 474 13 23 34 72 40 39 414 38 37 60 1 75 60 15 41 46 53 328 51 54 45 45 46 267 4Ci 54 42 2 2 l 7 61 5 3 MISSO URI Columb ia ..•. ...... . . F erguson .. .. . .. .... . F lorissan t .... . . ..... . Independence. ... ... . J efferson C ity . . . . ... . J oplin . . . . .... ...... . Kansas C ity ________ _ Kirkwood . ... ... ... . Overland . . .. ....... . St . J oseph .. ... . ... . . St . L ouis ... . .. .. ... . Sed ali a . . .. .. . ...... . Spr_ingfie lcL ._. ..... . . U n1vers1ty Cit y . . .. . Webster G roves .. .. . . 58 30 62 94 37 63 l. 174 43 32 108 2,582 31 123 5Y 34 51 29 52 84 37 54 89 7 36 2fi 94 l , 987 31 1I 7 55 29 L as Vegas . . . . . ... ... . • 1 or th L as Vegas ... . . Re no . . .. ... . . . . . . .. . 24 MISSISSIPPI Greenv ille . .. . ...... . Gu lfpor t ........ . . . . . H atties bu rg. . . . . .... . J ackson . . ........... . L aurel. . . ........... . atchez. . . .. . .. .... . Vicksburg . . . . . . . . . . . Total 7 1 10 10 9 277 7 ti 14 595 G 4 5 MONTANA 76 36 70 70 3G (i3 42 35 7 N EB RASKA Grand I sland .... . . . . O ma ha . . . ....... . . . . 158 37 490 37 425 65 295 52 180 248 50 144 47 2 3G N EW HAMPSHIRE C oncord . . .. . . . . . .. . . Manchester . • .. . .. ... N ashu a . . . . . . . . . . . .. . Por tsmouth . ... .... . . 46 122 76 41 42 11 5 69 40 N EW JERSEY Atlant ic C ity ....... . B ayonne ___ ___ _____ __ Bellev ille . . . ... . . . . . . Bergenfield ... . . . ... . B loo m fi eld . ... ..... . . Camden . . . . .. ..... . . C herr y H ill.. . . . . .. . . Clifton .... . . . . . . . .. . . Cranford T ownsh ip .. E as t B runs,v-ick T ownshi p . . . . . ... . E ast Orange . ... .... . E dison . . . . . ......... . Elizabe th . . ...... .. . . E ngle wood __ ____ ___ _ E "~i ng Tow nship _____ F a1r L awn _____ _____ _ For t L ee.. . . .... . . .. . Gar fi eld .. . ......... . H am il to n T ow nsh ip. Hoboken . .. .. . .... . . Ir v ington ___________ _ Jersey C ity .. ... .... . K earn y ............. . Linden ___ __________ _ Liv ingston . . . . . . . .. . . L odi . . .............. . L ong B ra nch .. .. . .. . M ad iso u T ow ns hi p .. M idd letown To wn. ship . . . . . . ....... . . Montcla ir. ... ..... .. . Neptu ne Town ship . . New ark ________ _____ _ New Brunswick 1 ort h Bergen T ownsh ip ... . . . .. . Nu t ley . . . . . ...... . Ora nge . . . . . . ..... .. . Para1n us _________ ___ _ P arsip pan y.Tro y Hi lls . . . . . .... . . . .. . P assa ic . . . ... . . .. . P aterson __ _____ ______ P en nsau ken . . .. . Per t h Am boy .... .. . . Piscataway Township. Plain fie lcL. . ... . .... . R a hwfly . . ......... . Rid gewood . . . . . . Sayrev ille __________ _ B il lin gs . . ......... . . . B u tte. . .. .... . ... ... . Grea t F alls . . .... ... . Missou la . . .. ...... .. . Poli ce Civili ans offi cP r:- N EVAD A 32 87 67 140 59 56 106 157 80 59 171 65 58 MINNESOTA A ust in . . .. . . ... . . . . . . B loomington ... . . ... . Brookly n Center. .. . . Coon R apids . . .. .. . . Crystal . . . .. . . .. . ... . D uluth . . . . .. . . . .... . Edina .. . . . . . ... . ... . Mankato . . . . ........ . Minneapolis . . . . ..... . Minneton k a .... . .. .. . Moorhead .. . ........ . R ichfield . . . . . . . .. .. . R ochester .... ....... . St. Cloud . . . . . . .. ... . St . Lou is P ark . . . . . . . St. Paul. . . .. . ..... . . N u m be r of poli ce de p:1rt.· 1n en t ernplo yecs T eaneck Towns hip T renton . ..... . .. . U nion C ity . .... ... . . U n ion Town shi p . . . . Vinela nd . - ··· ... ... . Westfield West New York ... . West Ora nge .... . .. . Woori br id ge 'l'own· s h ip . .. .. ..... ... . . 230 187 65 39 JOG 256 55 123 41 29 168 84 273 59 30 47 45 48 98 156 1J1 921 120 11 9 42 39 48 39 40 97 41 1, 674 89 115 53 82 64 37 132 343 4G 109 36 99 66 40 33 62 275 122 91 192 169 65 39 102 239 48 11 5 40 26 164 80 256 59 38 18 4 17 7 8 I 3 4 4 17 28 45 45 4U 93 154 103 828 11 9 11 6 41 38 4G 2 5 ? 8 93 l 3 1 I 39 37 9 41 1, 401 86 273 3 105 51 81 10 ? (il 3 37 120 3JG 39 95 14 3 (i 1 90 63 39 30 GO 3 1 25 1

!4

\) 3

n

87 101 90 47 51 81 85 128 11 5 13 48 52 81 1 I I �Table 49 . -N u mbe r of Full-Tim e Police D epartme nt Employ e es, De ce mbe r 31 , 1965, Cities 25,000 and over in Population-Continu ed N um ber of poli ce depa rt m ent e mployees N um be r of police de pa rt men t employees C it y by st a te C it y by st a te Total Police offi cers Civilia ns 14 275 32 5 39 Al bu q uerque ... . ... . Car lsbad .... . . . ..... . C lo,· is . . . ... . .... .. . Farmington . . .. . .... . !lob bs . . ...... . . . . . . . Las Cruces ._ . . ... . . . Roswell.. . . . .... .. . . . ~a nta Fe . . .. ... ... .. . 19 3 14 38 37 44 33 40 60 59 30 34 33 6 7 10 A. msterclarn __ ____ --- _\ ubur n __ _. __ _-- -- -- - Bingha mto n . . - . -- - - Br ig h to n .... . . .... .. . Bulfa lo .. ....... ... . . C heektowaga . ____ --Clarkstown _______ __ . Co lonie T own £J1n in.L .- - - -- - -- - --- - F ree J)fJ f t . ____ . _. - - - - - Uarden C it y ___ ____ __ G le n CoYc . . .. . ... .. . G reece .. . .. . .. .... -· · CT reen b urg h ... . . . ... . ll e mps tead Irondeq uoit. . . . . - · . . Ithaca . . .... . .. ... . Jn mcstowo . _- . - --- - - K ings to n .. ____ ____ _ Lac ka wan n a .. . .. ... . Lockport .. . ..... .. .

\lount P leasa n t . . . .

Vl ou nt \ ·ernon ..... .

'.\i e> wb urg; h . . -- __ --- - :slew Roc l1 ellc ... . .. . . >1 l'W Yo rk .

-.:iagara Fa lls .... . . .

.'.'Jori h T onawand a . . . O rnntrc town Port C hester. .. . .. . - Po ughkrcps ie _. _. - - Ra111 apo .. . . . Roe l1estcr. . . ...... Rome _ 1-'chen ectady . ...... . Sy racuse. __________ _ Tonawanda Town . . . Troy ........... .. . t·tica ..... .. . \\. atcrtow n 11·csL SeJJeca . ..... .. . 1\"hitc Plains Yon kers _- -- - - - - - - - 221 259 72 39 63 146 36 1 538 ' 79 69 3 59 136 32 1,316 75 47 47 33 33 97 64 56 46 40 78 67 41 53 81 55 65 45 24 195 59 170 28,671 189 40 42 58 84 35 590 62 162 460 83 143 199 62 38 157 44 0 96 60 56 41 37 74 66 40 47 70 53 64 42 24 180 57 155 27. 001 171 39 41 53 81 35 509 57 151 389 8l 135 185 58 38 154 410 NORTH CAR OLINA .\ shevil le Burlin gto n J>urham . Fa yc 1tc\' ille .. . fh1sto n in __ . flo ld s horo <;rcf'ns horo (irrr n vi lle 11 i~h Point Kan11apolis Ki ns ton Ralci~h Ho<'kY Mo un t \Vilm ington \-\"ilson . ... \\' inst on-fa1Je1n 120 58 13 1 85 70 46 249 40 109 28 60 182 G:l 89 42 213 11 4 53 121 78 G7 46 226 38 104 28 53 1.53 58 72 41 180 Bisma rck .. ....... . . . F a rgo . . . . . . . . .... .. . . G ran d Fo rks . .. .. . . . . Minot .... . . . . . ... . . . 42 87 52 38 75 4 12 48 4 3 44 41 309 39 34 295 34 33 166 31 859 OHIO 40 60 52 NEW YORK Al ban y . .. . . . . . . . . . . . .\ m hersL _. ____ ___ -- - Police Civ il ians officers NORTH DAKOTA NEW MEXICO Ala n10gord o _ ______ _- Total 38 3 1 4 JO 4 222 4 5 3 4 1 1 6 II 2 1 3 15 2 24 1,670 18 1 1 5 3 5 11 71 2 8 14 4 3 30 6 5 10 7 3 ... ·····23 2 5 7 29 5 17 1 27 Akron .. . ... . . . . . .. . . Allia nce .... . . . • . . .. . Ash ta bula .. . ... ... . . Barberton . ___ ___ ____ Ca n to n . .. . ....... .. . Chi.llicoth c . . .. . ... .. . Cincinnati. ....... . . . Clevelan d .......... . C leveland H eigb ts . . . Co lu rnb us . . .. . ..... . Cu ya hoga F a lls . . ... . D a yton . . . ... . ... ... . E ast Cle,·e la nd . . .. . . El y ria . . . .. . . ....... . E u clid . .. .. ... . ..... . F a irborn . .. . ....... . . F in dlay .... ......... . H a m il ton . . ..... . ... . Ke tte ring . ...... ... . . L a ke wood . . . . . . . .. . . L an caster .. .. .. ... . . . Li ma .. ....... . ...•. . Lorain . . . .... ....... . M a nsfi eld ... . . . ..... . M a p le H eigh LS. .. . lVI a rion . __________ __ _ M assillon . . ......... . M en to r . .. ....... .. . . M idd letown ........ . No rwood .. _______ ___ P ortsmo u t h . .. . ..... . Sand usk y ... .... . ... . Sou t h E u clid ....... . Sp rin g field .. ........ . T oled o ...... . ....... . Upper A rlington .. .. . W a rren ...... .. ..... . Wh iteha ll.. .. .. . ... . . Yo ungsto wn ..... . . . . Zanesville . ... ... . . . 178 33 963 2,295 68 823 49 434 72 44 96 33 36 97 41 72

37

78 71 74 38 42 35 24 78 45 53 40 39 12 1 643 34 30 2,040 14 5 4 1 12 2 104 255 65 3 687 47 136 378 65 56 41 84 30 3G 94 39 2 7 3 12 3 6 3 2 68 4 35 69 70 2 71 38 40 32 21 9 1 3 2 3 3 71 45 52 42 34 11 2 603 1 4 5 9 26 40 2 75 31 278 31 23 LI 340 37 47 74 32 47 3 357 31 284 3 50 I 56 31 27 4 107 49 17 7 838 98 90 42 699 65 139 33 61 29 176 · 103 25 61 29 151 91 21 25 12 4 28 77 34 301 42 3 OKLA HO MA B a rtlesville . . ...... . . Enid .... . .... . . . . . . . . Lnwton .... ______ ____ Midwes t Ci Ly . . . ..•• Muskogee .. .. Tarman . _____ _______ Oklahom a C it y . .. . . . Still wa ter .. . . . . . . ... . T ulsa . . .... . . ....... . 41 55 75 37 54 41 407 32 5 7 OREGON Co rva ll is .... . . E ugene ... . M ed ford . . . . . . . . .. P ortla nd ... Salem .. ... . PENNSYLVA NIA AbingtoD T ownsh ip . A liqu ip pa .... . ... . . All entown .... . . . . . All oon a ... Ba Id wi n Borough ... 15!) �Table 49.- Numbe~ of Full-Time Police Depa.rtme nt Employees, December 31 , 1965, Cities 25,000 a.nd o ver in Popula.tion-Continued C ity by state Number of police d e pa r t ment employees City by state Total Police office rs C ivilia ns PENNSYLVANIAContinued Bensa lem Townshi p . Bethlehem __ _________ Bristol Township ____ C hel tenham Township ____ ____ ______ _ Ch ester ____ _____ ___ __ Easton ____ __ __ __ _____ E rie ______ _______ ___ _ Falls Township _____ _ H a rrisburg _________ __ Haverford Township. J ohnstown __ ___ ___ __ _ Lancaste r ___ ___. . ____ Lebanon __ ____ ___ ____ L ower :M erion Township __ __-- - · . M illcreek Township _ Mount Lebanon Township __ _- -- - -Norristown ___ ___ __ __ North Huntingdon Township ___ ______ P enn H ills Township __ _______ __ ___ _ Philadelphia __ ____ __ _ Pittsburgh ______ ___ __ Pottstown __ ____ _____ Radnor T ownship _. _ Reading ____ ____ ____ _ Shaler 'l'ownship ___ _ Springfield Township _____ __ _____ __ __ State College _____ ___ Upper D a rby Township __ _______ West Miffiin __ _____ __ Wilkes-Barre __ . _. ____ Wilkinsburg __ _____ __ Willia m sport __ __ __. __ York ___________ _____ 28 117 57 25 108 ' 50 GO 108 55 82 57 193 !\3 26 4 182 )) 31 151 l 6 57 77 3 13 32 157 GO 90 91 4.2 121 28 87 6 14 14 48 44 7,815 1,638 7, 194 1. 593 28 29 44 159 21 19 24 166 27 138 27 104 41 103 59 84 4 11 5 22 34 57 82 105 86 85 154 521 133 103 6 4 2 4 62! 45 1 4 32 4 5 28 i 2 2 99 Si 6 70 141 440 121 6 13 98 50 140 166 48 56 83 39 50 11 8 144 45 53 60 37 5 72 12 5 22 22 3 3 14 2 SOUTH DAKOTA A berdeen _. .... R a picl C it y__ ____ Sioux Falls ___ ____ __ _ 160 Policr C iv ilians officer~ 32 4U 96 29 46 85 Abilen e _____ ______ ___ Ama rillo __ _____ ___ __ _ Arlington ____ __. ____ _ Austin ___ ____ _______ _ B ay tow n ___ _____ __ __ B eau mont_ __ _. __ __ __ Big Sprin g ________ ___ B rownsv ille ____ __ __ __ B ry an _____ ____ __ ___ _ Corpus C hristi_ ____ __ D allas ________ ___ __ __ D enison __ ___ __ ___ ___ D enton __. ___ ____ ____ El P aso _____ _____ ____ Fort Wort h ____ _____ _ G al veston ___ _.. . __ __ G ran d Prair ie . _. __ __ H altom C it y_ .. ___ __ H a rlin ge n ___ ___ _. ____ Hou ston ___ __ _. __ . ___ Irvin~- ______ ____ . __ _ Killeen ___ ___ _______ _ Kin gsville ______. ___ _ L a redo _____ __ . ______ _ Longvie w ____ . __ _____ Lu bbock_ ____ . ______ _ 1a rsh a!L _______ __ __ . McAllen _____. _. ____ . Mesquite ______ _____ Miclla nd ____________ _ Odessa __ ____________ _ Orange ___ _. _______ .. P ampa ____ __ ___ ___ _ P asad en a _______ _____ P ort Art hur __ _ Rich a rdson ___ _ San Angel o __ San Antonio _ . _ S herm a n __ ___ ._._ T e m ple _____ ___ _ T exas City _____ _ Tyler_ _____ ._ Victoria ______ Waco ____ _____ ____ _ Wich it a F an s ________ 2 19 64 45 60 193 62 38 49 26 2 i 11 653 41 226 59 798 29 544 38 193 109 3 133 209 64 347 47 138 47 80 31 265 1. 532 32 39 402 589 84 38 29 38 1, 578 56 35 29 52 57 184 33 22 46 96 lli 36 25 81 Si 38 91 792 33 43 31 69 49 122 13 ! 1)6 174 62 248 41 121 40 51 29 237 1, 330 27 33 345 507 75 34 25 27 l , 318 48 30 29 52 54 174 33 Ii 35 2 9\J L\ li i 29 2 28 202 l\ Si 82 u 4 4 11 2GO ~ f, 3 Ill 21 40 Si 96 34 li i i l 33 77 672 29 40 29 66 36 100 112 (\ !l 21 2 ~ IO ti t4 120 4 3 2 3 l :l 22 HI UTAH Ogde n ___ _______ ____ P rovo _______ ___. __ ___ Salt L a ke C ity ____ 47 76 43 3 10 2 51 18 43 173 223 62 100 105 144 196 11 4 97 89 VERMONT 3 3 11 28 5 991 29 TEXAS Bur!ini:,t.on _______ ___ TENNESSEE C h a tta n ooga ___._. __ . J ack son ________ ____ _ Johnson C ity _______ _ Kingsport _____ _. ____ Knoxville __ ____ ______ Memphis ____ _______ _ .Morristow n __ ____ __ __ N ashville __ __ _______ _ Oa k Ridge __ ______ __ _ 5 l 42 60 23 7 41 46 62 29 48 191 21 3 9 SOUTH CAROLINA Anderson __ . ... ___ ___ C harleston __ ___ .. _.. . C olu m b ia _________ ___ F loren ce ___ ________ _ R ock Ri!L __ ___ ____ _ S parta n burg_. .. ___ . . S um t er_ ___ ___ ______ . 'I'otril TENNESSEE- Con. RHODE ISLAND C ranston _____ __ __ . _.. E ast Providencr. ___ . N ewpor t_ ___________ . Pawtuck e t_ __ _______ _ Providen ce ____ _. __ _. Warwick ___ ____ ___ _._ Woonsock et_ ___ . ____. ' u mbe r of police d e pa rt m e nt. e mployers VIRGINIA Ale xa ndria __ __.. ____ _ Arling ton ______ __ _ C ha rlo t t es,·illc__ . __ Chesapea k e __ . _____ D a n v ille ______ _. __ __ _ H a m p ton __ ____ ____ _ L y n chburg __ _____ __ 96 HO 95 95 2!1 '21 ~ 5 10 Ii �Table 49 . -Nu mber of Full- Tim e Police D epartment Employe es, D ecember 31 1965, C i tie s 25,000 and over in Population- Continued N um ber or police de partment employees Ci ty by state Cit y by state Poli ce offi cers Civilians 148 473 43 167 477 151 132 138 429 40 155 441 143 123 10 44 49 50 77 30 37 1, 047 270 237 56 41 78 40 48 70 30 32 897 234 2 17 54 32 67 T otal 3 12 36 8 9 WASHINGTON Bellingham __ ___ _____ B remerton __ E,erett- . __.. __ __. . __ Long vie" · ___ _. __ _· --Rich la nd ... ___ ______ Seattle . __·-·-- - · ---- Spoka ne . ·-·--- --- - -Tacoma ____ __ ________ \ "a n cou ver_ _____ _____ Wa ll a Wa lla __ ____ ___ Ya kima ___ ___ __ ___ ___ 9 2 5 150 36 20 2 9 11 221- H G0- GG- T ota l Appleton . . __.. .. __ __ Beloit_.. ___·--- · - - -· E au C la ire ___ ___ ___ __ F ond du Lac ___ ___ __ Green Bay .. ___ ___ ___ J anesville ___ _.. . · - -·. Kenosha __. __ . · - -· . __ L a C rosse __ _______ ___ M a dison __ ______ _. ... M anitowoc ___ ____ ___ _ M il wa u kee _.. ·- - -- ·Osh kosh ____________ _ R a cine ____ ___ __. · - · . . Sheb oyga n ___ ___ . ____ Superior_ __ __ __ _. . _.. Waukesha_· - ---··-·W ausa u _._ . -- - - - -- -Wauwatosa . . ___ ___ __ West All is.·-- --- -· - - Police Civilian s officers 149 103 52 93 -1 2 140 96 44 91 9 7 8 2 79 55 6"3 52 131 56 129 75 244 57 2,049 70 166 85 61 63 49 88 129 75 52 51 45 11 6 53 11 5 69 203 53 1,910 67 156 81 60 60 49 78 111 4 3 12 7 15 3 14 6 41 4 130 3 JO 4 1 3 10 l WYOMING Casper ________ - · -- --· Cheyenne _____ _·-- · __ WEST VIRGINIA Cha rles to n _______ ____ J-I un ti nµ:to n ____. . __ __ P a rk ers burg .. .. ___ - \\"h eeli ng. _______ ____ N um her or polite department em ployees WISCONSIN VIRGINIA-Con . X ewpo r t K ews _______ X orfolk __- -· __. ____.. Pet:ersbu rg ___ _.. _. __ . Portsmou th ________ . . R ichmond __________ _ Roa noke _____.. ____ . _ \ -irginia Beac!J _____ .. ' Canal 7.onc .. _. _.. _.. G uam _____ ___ _______ P uerto R ico ... . _____ 50 80 42 54 8 26 330 139 5, 448 262 130 4,765 683 68 9 161 �Table 50. -N iimber of Fiill - Time Police D epar t m e nt Employees, December 31, 1965, Cities W ith P opula tion unde r 25,000 City by state N umber of police department employees ALAB A MA Alexander City . ... . Au burn . . . . . .... .. . . Boaz __ _____ _____ ___ _ Br ighton ... . . ... . . . . C hickasaw ......... . Fairfield . . .. ... ... . . Fairhope . ... .. . .... . For t Payne..... . . . . Graysville . . .... .. . . Guntersv ille . . ..... . H a rtselle•... .... . ... 1:IomewoocL __ __ ___ _ Il ueytown __ ___ ___ __ L afayette .. .. ... ... . Leeds . ... . . . .. . . .. . . Mar ion ..... . ... . ... . Midfield .. . . ..... . . . Mounta in Brook . .. . Northport. . . ... ... . Oneon ta .. . . ... .... . Ox ford ..... . ...... . . Prattville ... . . .. . . . . Saraland __ ___ ____ ___ Sheffield .......... . . T allassee ......... . . Troy ... .. .. . .. . . . . . . T uscumbia .. . ..... . 25 12 4 15 20 7 20 5 15 9 25 5 g 7 6 11 25 13 8 6 10 11 17 7 23 16 37 15 11 11 2 A RIZONA Avondale...... . ... . Bisbee . . . ..... . .... . Casa G rande .... . . . C handler .. . ....... . Douglas . . . .. . . ... . . Globe....... ... . . . . . Holbrook .. .. ... ... . Huachuca ..... . ... . Nogales . . . . ...• ..... Page ... ..... .... ... . Peoria __ _________ ___ Prescott .... ..... . . . Safford .. . . ... . .... . Sierrn Vista....... . . Tolleson . . .. . .. . ... . Williams .... .. ..... . Winslow ..... ... . . . . 11 18 19 28 18 9 12 3 19 7 4 25 8 8 5 g 18 ARKANSAS Arkadelphia ... . ... . Batesville. . . ... . . .. . Dooneville ... .....•. Camden . . ... . .... . . Ha rrison . .. . .... ... . Hope . . .... . ....... . Jacksonville ........ . Meno. _____ _________ _ Monticello . ... . . . .. . ashville .. .... . ... . Paragould .... ... .. . Piggott .. ... .. . . ... . Russell ville ..... ... . iloam Springs ... .. . pringd ale.... .. ... • Stu ttgart .. . .•...... Van B uren . .... . .. . . Walnut Ridge . ..... . West Memphis .. . .. . 162 · umber of p olice department employees City by state g 6 3 17 6 12 12 4 7 4 14 3 8 10 16 12 8 8 34 Number of police d epar tment employees CALIFORNIAContinued CA LIFORNIA 21 ALASKA Fairbanks ______ ____ Ketchikan . . . . . . ... . Kod iak .. .. ..... . . . . Sitka .... .. ........ . Valdez •......... ... . C ity by state Albany .. ......... . . Alturas . .......... . . Anderson .. . ....... . Antioch ...... . . . . . . . Arcata .. . . .. . .. . ... . Arroyo G rande ... . . 22 5 .A r v in ____ ____ ______ _ 6 Atherton ..... . . . ... . Atwater .. . . . . ... . . . Au burn ... ... .. . .•.. Banning . . .. . ... . .. . Barstow .... . ...... . B eaumont ____ _____ _ Bell. . . . ..... . ...... . Bel mont .. .... . • . . . . Belvedere. . ... ... . . . Benicia.......... .. . B iggs . . ..... . ... ... . Bishop. . . . .. . .. .. . . . Dlythe. ... .. ... .... . Brea .. . . . ...... .... . B rentwood . .. ... . . . B roadmoor . ..... . . . Calexico .... . . . ... . . Cal istoga . .. . ..... . . Campbell .. . ....... . Carlsbad . . ... . . .. .. . Car mel. .. . .... .... . Ceres . .. . .. . . . . .... . C hico... ....... .. . . . C h ino .... .... . .... . C howchilla . ....... . C laremon t. ...... . . . C loverdale .... . . . . . . Clovis . . ..... . ..... . Coalinga .. ..... .... . Colfax. . ...... .... . . Colma . ....... . . . . . . Colton ...... .. ..... . Colusa . . .... . .. ... . . Corcoran .... .... . . . Corning.. . . .. . .. . . . C oronado ... . . .. . .. . Corte Madera .... . . . Cotati. •.. .. ... ..... Crescent C ity ..... . . Cypress . .... .. ..... . D avis ... ........... . D esert not Springs. D inu ba .... . . . . .. . . . D ixon . .. ... . .... . . . Dos Palos ..... . .... . Dunsmuir .. ..... .. . E l Centro . . .... ... . . Elsinore .. .. .......• Emer yv ille ... ..... . Escalon ............ . E scondido . . . ..•.... Fillmore ........... . Folsom ____________ _ FontRna ___ ________ _ F ort Brairg . . ... ... . Port Jones ___ ___ ___ _ Fort una ... . ..... .. . Galt_ ______ ________ _ G ilroy ....... ...... . Gonzales . .... . ... . . . Grass Valley . . . . . . . . Or ielley ... ..... .. . . . G rover C ity .. ..... . G u11dalupo . ... . . . •. H alf Moon B ay . ... . Hanford .. . ........ . H emet . . ...... . . .. . . H ermosa Beach . .. . . Hillsborough .... . . . . Hollister ........... . 16 15 15 21 32 9 10 29 13 g 27 25 5 14 2 10 22 22 5 8 20 5 26 18 14 g 33 22 II 26 8 15 12 3 1 31 7 12 6 22 10 3 7 25 19 7 13 7 5 9 40 10 22 5 37 8 II 2ti 10 I 7 4 19 5 15 6 6 6 28 17 32 18 14 Holtville . . . ... .. . .. . Huron .. . .. .. . . . .. . . Im perial ..... . . . ... . I mperial Beach . .. . . Indio... . .... ...... . Ione . . ... .......... . Isleton ...... . ...... . J ackson .. . .. .. . .... . Kensin gton ... . . . .. . Kerman .... ....... . King City .. . . ..... . Kingsburg ........ . . L aguna B each .. . .. . L akeport ... ..... .. . L a Palma . ... .. . ... . L arkspur . .. .... .. . . L a Verne ..... .. . .. . Lemoore _____ ______ _ Lindsay ____ _____ __ _ Liv ingston ... . ... .. . Lompoc.... ....... . Los Altos . ......... . Los Gatos .... ..... . Madera .. . ......... . Man teca .. . ........ . Mart inez . .. . . . . .. . . . Marysv ille .. . . ..... . Maywood . .. . . ..... . McFarland . . .. . . . . . . Mendota . . . .... .... . Merced . .... . . . . .... . Millbrae . ... ... .. . . . Mill Valley .... . . . . . . i\'lilpitas . ... ....... . Montcla ir . ... ... . . . . Morro B a y .. ....... . Needles . ........... . Newark ____ ________ _ ~r;~·-~1~---143.215.248.55=:::::: Orange Cove . . .. ... . Orland ... . .. ....... . Oroville ..... ... . . . . . Pacific Grove ______ _ P al m Springs . ... . . . P alos Verdes Estates ..... .... . . Pa.rlier .. ........ ... . P aso Robles . . .. ... . Patterson . . ...... .. . Perris ...... .. ..... . Petaluma . ......... . Piedmont_ . . ...... . Pinole ............. . Pismo Beach .. .. .. . P ittsburg . ..... .... . Placen,ia . . ........ . Placerville . . ... .... . Pleasanton . ... .. ... . Port l [ uoneme . .... . Portola .... ........ . Reel BlnIT ...... ... . Reclcling . ... ....... . Reedley ... . ...... . . Rialto . . .. . . ... .... . Rio Dell . . . . . .. . ... . Rio Vista . .. . ...... . Ripon . . ..... ..... . . Riverhank .. . ..... . R ocklin ..... . ...... . Rohnert Park . . . .. . R osev ille .... . ..... . Ross.. ....... ... . . . . St. Helena .... ..... . San Anselmo ..... . . an Carlos . . .. ..... . 12 4 10 18 28 3 3 4 g 4 10 g 31 5 6 10 17 g 12 6 34 26 23 2~ rn 19 28

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5 Ii ll 3 j '.lti 4 I~ 3:? �Table 50. - N umbe r of Full-Time Police D epartment Employees, Decem b e r 31 , 1965, Cities With Popuwtion under 25,000-Continued City by sta te Nwnbe r of police depar tm ent employees CALIFORNI A- ,vasco _____ _- -- -- --- - Watso n vill____ e ____ - - ---_ Weed ____ ______ Will iams __ _________ _ Willi ts __ ___ ______ ___ Wil lows ______ ______ _ 27 36 14 8 28 36 29 20 37 30 11 14 11 16 5 g 34 32 5 IO 11 7 24 27 18 16 21 41 23 62 13 37 50 12 30 6 4 IO 8 Win ters__-------- --- Wood la ke ______ ____ _ Woodl a n d ____ _____ _ 4 4 28 Yreka. __ __- ---- ---- IO Yuba City ___ _______ 25 COLORADO Al a mosa ____ __ -----B r ighton ___ __----- -Broomfield __ __ ____ _ Brush __ - - - -- - -----Ca non City---- - ---Commerce C ity ____ _ Cortez ____ - -- - -- - - --_ Delta ___ ___________ Durango __ __ ____ -- -Florence . . -- ------UJcmrnod Sprin gs __ Golde n __----------G ra n d J nn ction ____ _ GUJ11J ison __ - ------L a Jun ta __ -- - ----- Lam ar __e-____ - - --------_ Leadvill __ ____ LitL!cton _____ _- -- - - Lon g mont __ ___ _____ Loveland_ -- -------~fani to u S prin gs ___ _ Monte V ista ____ ___ _ Montrose ___ ___----Rocky Ford _______ _ Sa lida ______ -------T ho rnton ___ __ ----- Wa lsenb urg ___ -- --- Wcstrn in ster _- -- -- -- Nwi1ber of police depart,nent emplo yees CONNECTICUT Continued San Clemente ____ ___ San F ernando _____ _ Sanger_ __ ____ ____ ___ Sa n J acin to __ __ ____ _ San Ma rino ___ _____ _ San P ablo ___ ______ _ Sant a P a ula ___ ___ __ Sausalito ___________ _ Seal Beach _ ___ ____ _ Seas id e ____ ________ _ Sebastopol_ __ _____ __ Selma _____ __ __ _____ _ Sh a fte r ____ ______ ___ Sierra Madre __ __ ___ _ Soledad ____________ _ Sonora _______ ____ ___ Son t h P asad en a ___ _ Sta nton ___________ _ S uisnn C it y ______ __ S usanville ___ _____ __ T a ft ________ ____ ___ _ T e h acha pi __ _______ _ Tracy ___ __ __-- -- - --Tul a re ___ _-- - -- -- --Turl ock ____ ______ --Tustin _____ - ___-- - __ U kia il __ __ ______ ___ _ U ni vers ity of Ca li fornia _ _ ----- Vacav ille __- - - -- -- -Vernon ___ - - ----- -- V ictor v ille ___ ______ _ Visalia ___ _____ ____ __ Walnut C reek ______ _ City by state 10 IO 7 9 13 13 14 6 17 3 7 11 35 10 10 12 7 29 21 17 6 7 10 6 8 12 7 15 Avon __ __ _____ __ ___ _ BetbeL ___ _________ _ Bl oomfield __ ____ __ __ B ra nford __ _________ _ C heshire ____ ____ __ __ Clinton ____ __ ______ _ Danielson _____ _____ _ Der by __ ___ __ __ ___ __ F a rmington ____ ____ _ Glastonbury __ _____ _ G ranby ___ _______ __ _ Groton Borou gh ___ _ Madison __ ________ __ Monroe __ _________ __ N a n gatuck_ __ __ ___ _ New Canaan ____ ___ Newington ___ ___ __ __ Nort h H a ven ____ ___ Old Sa yb rook ___ __ __ Oran ge ____ ____ ____ _ Pl ainville _______ ___ _ P utnam __________ __ Rocky Hill ___ ___ ___ S helton ___ ________ __ Simsbury ________ __ _ Sprague ___ _____ ____ _ Stonington ____ ___ __ _ Vernon __ ____ _____ __ Wa ter ford ___ ______ __ Wa terto,vn ____ ____ __ Wethersfi eld ____ __ __ Wilton ___________ __ _ Winsted __ ___ _____ __ _ Wolcott ____ ___ _____ _ Woodbridge ____ __ __ _ 7 6 18 20 16 3 24 8 19 33 28 23 29 10 17 17 9 8 26 9 I 21 2IJ 15 17 31 11 12 14 11 29 14 23 5 8 7 FLORID A Apalachicola __ _____ _ Apopka ___ _____ ___ __ Au burn dale ______ __ _ Bartow ___ _________ _ Bay H a r bor Isla nds _ Bi scayne P ark _____ _ Boca R a ton _____ ___ _ Braden to n ______ ___ _ C lewiston ________ __ _ Cocoa __ ____________ _ Cocoa Beach _______ _ Dacie C ity _______ ___ D ania ________ _____ _ Deerfield B each __ ___ D uned in __ __ ___ ____ _ E a n Gallic ____ ____ __ Eustis __ ____ _______ _ G reen Cove S pri ngs __________ _ G ulfpor t ___ ____ ____ _ Haines C ity ____ ___ _ Halland ale __ _______ _ Holl y Hill ________ __ J ackson v ille Beach ____ __ _____ _ K issin1mce ____ ____ __ L a ke Wales ________ _ L a ntaand n a __ -- -_ Maitl __ -__ ----___ ____ Margate __ ___ ______ __ N umber of police departm ent employees FLORIDA- Con. 6 8 22 26 17 DELAWA RE Dover_ ___________ __ Milford __ _____ ____ __ Newark __ __ ___ ___ __ _ N ew Castle _____ ___ _ Sea ford ________ ____ _ Smyrna __ ____ ___ ___ _ City by state 4 11 10 23 14 4 44 33 7 33 34 11 18 25 17 36 12 9 12 14 28 12 31 16 17 8 12 5 Miami S hores ___ ___ _ ~Iirruu ar _________ __ _ Naples ____ ___ ____ __ _ eptune Beacb ___ __ New Port Richey __ _ New Smyrna Beach ___ ____ ___ __ ortb Palm B each ____ ___ ____ _ Ocala ____ ___ __ _____ _ Ormond B each ___ __ Palatka __ _.__ _____ ___ Palm Bay __ __ ___ __ _ Palm Beach _______ _ P al m S prings ______ _ Pinellas Park ______ _ P lantation __ __ - --- __ Pompano Beacb __ __ Port St. Joe __ ______ _ Quincy __ ____ ___ __ __ R ockledge __ ____ ___ _ Sa fety Harbor ____ __ St. Cloud __________ _ St. P etersburg Beac h ____ _____ __ _ Sanford ____________ _ Sebring ___ ___ ___ ___ _ So uth M iam i_ __ ___ _ Stark e __ __ __ __ ___ __ _ Stuat t_ _ _ __ _ _ ___ __ _ _ Surfside __ _____ ___ __ T a rpon Springs ____ _ T emple T errace __ __ _ Treasure Isla nd ___ __ W est Miami __ _____ _ Winter Haven ____ __ Zephyrhills ______ __ _ 31 15 20 4 7 22 9 39 23 16 7 58 5 20 21 59 5 2i 8 4 8 18 28 15 27 12 II 18 13 13 II 9 39 8 GEORGIA Am ericus . __ __ ____ __ Barnes ville ____ ____ _ Calho u n ___________ _ Canton ___ __ ____ ____ Carroll to n __ _______ _ Cord ele __ _______ ____ D a lton ________ _____ _ El berton ____ _____ ___ Ga inesville _____ __ __ Ga rd en City ____ ___ _ G reens boro __ ______ _ Griffin _______ ___ ___ _ H a peville _____ ____ __ L a faye tte __________ _ M adiso n __ _______ ___ McR ae __ __________ _ Milled geville ___ ____ T ifton __ ___________ _ W as hin gton ____ ____ W inder __ __ _____ ___ _ 22 8 8 7 19 17 21 15 33 4 3 50 19 12 6 7 23 18 5 14 IDAHO B lack foot_ ________ __ Buh!_ ___ ______ ___ __ Burley _____________ _ Oaldwe!L ___ ____ ___ _ Coeur d'Alene _____ _ Jerome __ ___________ _ 18 4 19 20 16 g K ell ogg _______ __ ___ _ L e wiston __ ___ ____ __ Montpelier_ _______ _ ?vfoscow ____ _______ _ Mountain Rome ___ _ 17 15 ~:~~ft ~~:::::::::::: Ruper t_ __ _________ _ 12 JO 26 6 22 6 163 �T able 50. - N u,nbe r of Full - Tim e Police D epart m e n t E m p loyees, December 31 , 1965, Cities W ith Popiilation unde r 25,000- Co nti nued C ity b y state N u m ber of police depar tment employees IDAHO-Con. Sa lmon . . . . ........ . Sa nd point. . ... . ... . Shelley . . . . . . .. . . . . . Soda prings . ... . . . . Twin F alJs . . . .. . . . . W eiser . . . . .. .. . .. . . . B rid g:cYicw _______ __ B road view ____ _____ _ Brookfield . . .. .. . . . . B ushnc!L .. . . . . . .. . Cahokia . . .. . . . . ... . Ca lum et P ark . . .. . . Ca nton ..... . .. .. . . . Car bondale . . . .... . . Carmi. . . ... . .. . . . . . Carpenters ville . .. . . Car terville.. ...... . . Cary ___________ ___ _ Centralia .. . .. . . . .. . Charles to n . . . . . . . . . . Chester. - · . . . . .. . . . . ChilJicothe. .... . . . . . Clarend on R ilJs ... . . Columbia . . . .. . . . . . . Crest H i!L . .. . . .. . . Crete .. . . ... . . . . ... . D eerfield ... . . .. .. . . D e K alb . . .... . . .. . . D b..a11oor ____ ____ __ __ Di xon __ ____ ____ __ __ D own ers Grove . . .. . D u po . . ........ . .. . . D wi gh t . .. . . .... .. . . E ast Alton .... .. ... . E ast :\foli ne .. . . . . . . Ed wardsv ilJe . . . .. . . Effin gham ______ ___ _ E ldorado . .... . ... . . E lk G ro ve Village .. E lm wood Pa rk . . . . . E ureka . . ........ . . F air field ... . ..... .. . F a irm ont City .. . . . . F lom .. . . ... . . .. .. . . F lossmoor ___ ____ ___ 3 8 4 6 28 7 4 19 15 6 JO 24 12 6 3 I 9 11 19 22 2 14 27 16 18 10 19 3 4 17 12 9 6 7 3 9 3 21 29 11 17 28 2 4 12 22 14 8 4 18 23 3 10 4 11 Fores t P ark .... . .. . . F ulton . .. . .. . .. ... . . 23 Genesco. ____ ___ ___ _ Geneva . . .... ... . .. . Cl il lespie . . .. ... . •. . . 6 6 II 3 Gl en E IJ yn . . . • . .• •• 21 23 30 Galena ___ ___ __ _____ _ G lcncoe_____ ________ G lenview ____ ______ _ Go!L .. . . ... . . .... . . Grayslake . . ..... .. . H anover P ark .. . . . . H a rvard .......... . . H a rwood H eights . . . Hickory lli lJ s . . . .. . . Highl and . ......... . High wood . . . .. . .. . . H illsboro . . .. . . .. . . . 164 N um ber of police department employees ILLINOIS- Con. IL~INOIS Abingdon ... .. . . . . . . Addison . . .. . .. . .. . . Barri n~to n ... . . . . .. . Ba rtonv ilJe ... ... . . . Batavia .. . ..... . .. . . B en wood . . . . . ... .. . Belvid ere . . . ... . . . . . Berkeley ... . .. . .. . . . B ethalto . . .. . . . . . . . . B ourbonna is ... . . .. . B rad ley . . .. . . . ..... . City b y state 2 6 3 6 5 14 3 8 5 6 Hinsdale... . .. .. . . . . Hoilman E states .. . . Homewood . . . . ... . . H oopeston . . . .. . .. . . I tasca . .. ... . . . .. . . . . Jackson ville . . .. . . . . Jerseyv ilJe . ... . . .. . . K enilworth . ... . .. . . L a Gran ge . ..... . . . . L a Grange P ar k .. . . L ake Forest. .. . . . . . Lake Zurich .. . . .. . . Lansing .... . .. . . .. . . L a Sane . . .. . . . . . . . . La wrcncev ilJe. ... . . . Lebanon . . . . . . .. . . . . Lincoln .. ... . .... . . . Lincolnwood . .... . . . Lisle. . . . . . . . . . .. .. . . Litchfield . . . . ... .. . . L oves P ark . ... . . . . . L yon s . . . . .. .. . . . .. . M acomb .. . . .... . . . . Madison . . . . . .. .. . . . Markha m ...... ... . M a rquette H eights . M ascou tah . . . . . . . . . M a tteson . .·... . ... . . M a ttoon .. .. . . . .. .. . McLean sboro .. . .. . . M end ota .. . ... . . .. . M et ropoli s . . . . . ... . . M ilan . ... . ... .. . . . . Mon mou t h . ... ... . . Morris ... ... . .. . . . . . Morrison . ...... ... . Morton . ... ..... . . . . Moun t Morris . .... . Moun t Olive .. . .. . . Moun t Vernon .. . . • M un delein . .. . . . . . . . aperv ill e..... .. . . . 1 ashv ille . ......... . N okom is . .. .. . . . .. . . 1 ornrnL .......... . . N orth A urora _____ __ North brook . .. .. . . . . 1 or thfield . ...... . . Northl ake ... . .... . . N or t h R i versicle . . . . O' F a lJon ... . ... ... . . Oglesby .. . .. ... . ... . Olney . .. . . ........ . . Oly mp ia F ields . . . . . Orland P ar k . . . .. . . . Ottawa . . . ..... .. . . . P ala tine . ...... .... . P ana .. . . .... . . .. . . . Peoria Ileights . .... . Peru ........... .. . . . P ittsfi eld . ____ __ ___ _ P lano .. . .. .... . .. . . . P olo . . . ...... .. . .. . . P rin ceton .. . . .. .... . R an toul. .. . . . .... . . R iver F orest.. . . . . . . R iverside . .. ... .... . R obinson . .. .. . ... . . Rochelle. .. .. ... ... . R ockd ale . . . .. . . . . . . Rock Falls .. . . . .... . Rolllng M eadows . . . R osello .. . . . ... .. .. . Roun d L ake Beach. St. Char les .. . . . . . . . Salem .... . . .. . .... . . Sand wich ... . . . .... . City by state Number of police depar t ment employees ILLINOIS-Con. 22 13 17 8 6 23 12 11 28 24 31 7 13 17 JO 3 20 24 9 6 11 14 14 17 19 2 2 6 22 3 9 8 5 10 7 Schiller Par k . . . . . . . Sbelbyvil le . . .. . .. . . Sih' is . . . ..... . . . .. . . Sou t h Beloit. . . . . . . . Sou th Chicago H eights . . . .. ... . . . South E lgin ... .. . . . Sou t h Hollan d . . . . . . Staunton ... .. . . . .. . Stone Park ... ... . . . Stream\\·ood . . . . .. . . Strea to r . . ... . . . . . . . . Sullivan .. . .. . . . .. . . Swan sea . .. ... . . . . . . T ay lorville . . . . . . . . . Thorn ton . .. . . . ... . . Vanda lia .. . . .. . . . . . . Venice . . . ...... . . . . . , Vashington .. .... . . W ashington P a rk . . . vVaterloo ... . . .. .. . . vVatseka .. . . . . . .... . vVau concla . . ... . . . . . W estchester . -· . . . . . \ Vest Dundee . . . .. . . W estern Springs . . . . W est Frankfort. .. . . W estmont. . . .. . .. . . W estvi lJe . . . . ... . . . . ·w hi te Hall . . . . . .. . . W ilmington ... . . . . . Winnetka . .. . . . .. . . . W ood R iver. .. ... . . W oodstock .. .. . .. . . Zion . . . . . .. .. . . . . .. • 5 G 4 I NDIANA 5 Angola ... . .. .. . . . . . . A ttica . .. . . . . . . . .. . . A u burn . . . ... . .... . . Aurora . .... . . . . . . .. . B a tesv ilJe ... ... . . .. . Bed ford . . . . . . .. . . .. . Berne .. . .. ..... • .. . . B icknell .. .. .. . . . .. . Boon vilJe . ... . .... . . Bcz iL .. . ........ . . B rookv ille . . .... . . . . C hesterton .. . ..... . . C lin ton . ....... . . . . . Co!n mhus ....... . . . Corydon ....... ... . . Cra\\·for ds, ilJe . . . .. . C rown Poin t .. . . . . . D eca tur ... . . ...... . D elphi. . . . ........ . . Dunkirk ......•..... E ast Gary . . ... . .. . . F ra nkfort. . . ... .. . . . Garrett ... ..... . .. . . Gas C ity ... . . ..•... Goshen ..... ....... . G reencastle . ...... . . Green wood .. . . .. .. . G rimth . .... ...... . . H ighlaud . ..... . .. . . Hobart ... ..... .... . Runtinghurg .. .. . . . H un tin i:ton ... . . . . . . Jason v ii le . . . .... .. . . J asper .. . . ....... . . Jefferson ville . . . . .. . . Kencla L! vilJ e . .. . . .. . Knox .. ...... . . . . . . . L a Porte . . . . . . . . . . . . L aw rence.. . . . . •. . .. 10 17 19 3 3 16 3 22 16 24 14 4 4 14 3 3 24 21 7 6 16 4 7 3 5 16 25 16 6 12 4 23 19 8 6 18 10 4 13 8 9 7 3 3 12 3 II 24 21 5 5 9 l 9 15 9 3 4 10 9 ~o 4 18 5 II 2 4 7 26 13 11 14 6 5 11 II 3 '!.7 3 4 14 4 g 9 H 4 25 9 13 4 5 13

t.?

5 ti 2'!. 16 9 11 18 19 4 23 3 10 2:Z 10 4 36 15 �Table 50 , -N umber of Fu ll- T im e Police D ep a rtme nt Employ ees, Dece mbe r 31, 1965, Cities W i t h Popula t ion unde r 25,000- Continuc d City by stat e N u mber of police d epartmen t employees V incennes . - . -- ---- - W a bash . .. . .. . .... . \Varsaw. - . - - ------W est L afayette ..... W est T erre H a u te . . Whiting ........... . 8 12 6 32 20 6 8 10 11 13 38 10 15 8 9 26 9 10 18 12 12 8 4 12 10 4 13 22 19 6 8 26 23 21 14 25 5 27 IO WA Albia . . . .. . . .... ...• Alp;o na . .. ... ...... . Anamosa. - - - ------An keny .... ... ..... . Audubon ......... . . Belmond . . .. ······· Beucndorf. . .. · · · · · · Bloomfield . . . ...... . Boone ...... ··· ····· CenLerYille ... · ···· · Charles C ity ... .... . C lar inda .. . . .. ·· ·· ·· C lear La ke .... .... . C resco . . .. . ..... . . . Decorah . ..... . . · ··· Drnison __ __ - - -----DvcrsYille . . . . . .... . F.idora .. ... .......•. Emmetsburg . ..... . Esthervi lle . ... . .... . Ernnsdalc ....... . . . Fairfield .. ...... . . . Fort .\fadison .... . . . G!Pnwood . . - - - - - --Gri 11nc lL . _____ ___ __ nampLOn . . ........ . Ha rla n ... . . ....... . Inde pendence .... .. . Ind ia nola .... .. .... . .Jefferson ........... . Keokuk .... ........ . Knoxvi lle .... . ..... . Le :\fars .... ....... . Manchester .. . ... .. . M a r1 uoketa . . . . . ... . N umber of police departmen t employees 5 8 4 4 3 2 16 4 15 9 1G 10 J1 4 9 8 4 3 8 10 6 JI 18 4 8 9 6 11 12 4 23 7 8 8 10 Marion ........ .... . Mars hall to"·n . .. . . . M issou ri Valley . .. . Mount P leasa n t ... . Tew H a mpton . ... . Newton .. ____ __ ___ _ OehYe in .. . . . .. . ... . Osage .. .... . . ... .. . . Osceola .. ... . . . . ... . Os kaloosa . .. .. .... . . Perr y ___ .---- - - -- - -R ed Oa k ....... .... . Roc k R a p ids . . .. . . . S heldon .. .. . .. . .. . . S hen a n doa h . .. . ... . Sibley ..... . . . . . .. . . Spe ncer .... ..... ... . Spirit L a ke .... . . .. . T ama _________ _____ _ rbandale. ____ ----Vin to n ... . ..... .... . vva,-:erl y - ----- - - - - -- W e bster C ity .. . . .. . ,Vest Burlingto n .. . W est D es Moines .. . Windsor H eigh ts . . . . \Vin terset . . . ....... . 13 24 3 10 4 17 13 5 3 12 9 8 3 5 8 4 14 6 2 9 6 JI 14 I 18 5 5 KANS AS Abile ne .. . ..... . ... . A r ka nsas City ..... . Atchison .. ...... ... . ~~IY~, ~fi'l.;: ::: ::::::: Beloit . . . . . ... .... . . C hanu te __ ________ __ Clay Oen ter .. . . ... . Coffeyvi lle . .... .... . Colby ... ..... . .... . Concord ia . ........ . Council Grove . . ... . Der by . ... ......... . D od ge C ity .. . . .. .. . E l D orado . . ..... . . . Ellinwood ___ . ----- E llis ... . ........ . . . . Em poria .. ..... . .. . . Eureka ......... ... . F a ir way _____ __ ____ _ F redonia ........... . Garden City ...... . . Garnett. .. .. . .... .. . Good land ... .. ... .. . G reat n en d ........ . Herington . .. . .. . . . . H iawat ha ... . . . .... . Hoisington ....... .. . Ho lton ... . ... .. .... . HorLon .... .. . ..... . Humboldt .. .. ..... . lndepen de nce .. . ... . Iola . ... ...... ...... . J unctio n City . .... . . t:,143.215.248.55 15:52, 29 December 2017 (EST)::::::::::: Leawood .. .. . ..•.... Li bera l. . ........ .. . Li ndsborg . . ....... . Lyons _- - --- --- ----ManhaLtan .. .... .. . M a rysv ille ... . .. ... . McPherson . . . ..... .

rvlcrriam ___ _- - - - - ---

Mission ........... . . Mu lva ne ..... . .. . . . Oakley .. ..... . ... . • C ity b y state Number of police depar tment employees KANSAS-Con. IO WA - Con . INDI ANA-Con . L a \\"renceburg ..... . L e banon ... .. ..... . . Ligonier .. ......... . L oganspor t .. . . .... .

Vl adison . . .... . .... .

11 itchelL .......... .

VIon t icello . . ....... .

Mooresville ....... . . Mo un t \"ernon . . . . .

11un ster . . ......... .

Ne \\" Castle ........ . New H aven __ . ____ _ Noblesville . .. . . ... . No rth Manch ester .. No rt h Vernon ... . . . Peru ............... . Plain field . ..... . ... . Plymou t h .. . . ..... . Por t age ........ . .. . . P ort la n d . . . . . . . . ... . P rin ceton _____ - - -- - Rensselaer. - --- --- - Rock v ille . .. ... .... . Rushv ille ...... . . . . . Scottsburg .. . . . ... . . Se llersburg . ... .. ... . Seymour ___ __ - - --- - Sh.elbyville .....•... Spccd,rny . .... .. . . . Te ll C ity . ......• . . . Tipton .. . . ..... . . . . Valparaiso .. .... . . . · C ity b y sta te 8 21 I7 16 8 6 13 5 25 5 8 3 JO 17 13 4 4 26 8 6 6 23 6 8 25 5 4 8 8 8 5 16 JI 29 7 6 JI 16 3 7 32 6 15 9 9 4 3 Olathe . ... . ... . . . . . . Osa\\"atom ie . . ..... . Ottawa . . . . ....... . . P aola ..... . . ... . .. . . P a rsons. ·-· · ·· ·· ··· · P hill ipsburg . . .. . . •• Pi ttsb urg ..... . . .. . . Plain Yille . . ... .. ... . P ra tt ....... . ... . . . . R oe lan d Par k .... .. . Russell. .. .. ...... . . Shaw nee . . .. . . .... . . Va lley Ce n te r . . . . .. . Welli n gto n .. . . . . . . . West wood . . .. .... . . W infield .. . ... . . . .. . 15 6 14 7 16 4 29 4 11 7 8 10 3 14 5 16 KEN TUCKY Bardsto\\"11 . .... . . .. . Be nton .. . .... -- ·· · · Berea . ........... .. . Ca mp be llsville •. . . .. C ynt hia na . . .. . ... . . D a n ville .. ........ . . D a \\"so n Sprin gs . .. . E li za bet h to\\"n . . . . . . E ls mere ........ ....· E rla nger . ..... . .. . . . F a lmou th ........ .. . Flatwoods .... ..... . F ort Thomas . ..... . Franklin . ... .. .... . . Glasgow . .... . . .... . H a rla n ...... ... ... . . H arrodsbu rg . . .. . . . . H a za rd . .. .. .. ..... . Henderson _______ ___ Highla n d H eigh ts .. Hop kinsv ille ....... . J effersontown . .. ... . L a n caster. .. .... ...• Ludlow ........ .... . M iddlesboro .. ..... . Mo n ti cello ......... . Mo u nt Sterli ng .. . . . P a ris ...... . ....... . P a rk Hills . ... . .... . Russell ville ........ . St. Ma t t he ws .. .. .. . Somerset .• ... . . . .... South F ort M itchell. Winchester . ...... . . 9 5 7 7 8 21 4 13 2 10 5 8 16 8 17 JI 9 13 35 l 32 4 5 7 16 4 JO 14 3 10 JO 17 4 Jg LOUISIANA D e R id de r. .. . ... . . . Donaldsorw ille . ... . E unice ............. . Fra nk lin ___________ _ H a m mon d . . .. ..... . H aynesvi lle ... ..... . Jones boro .......... . K a pla n ... ........ . . M amou ....... .. ... . Mar ksv ille ... ... . .. . Minde n ... .... .. . . . . New R oa ds........ . Opelousas ...... ... . . P laq uem ine ........ . Rayne . .. . ........ . . p rin ghi!L ........ . Sul p hur. .. ....... . . Thiboda u x... ...... . II )6 19 J7 18 4 9 8 g 7 12 5 2 J:J I7 9 V i via n __ ___________ _ 8 23 4 Welsh . .. . ......... . West Monroe . ..... . 26 6 165 �Table 50.- N umbe r of Full - Time Police D epart m e n t Employees, D e c e m b e r 31 , 1965 , Citie s With Populatio n unde r 25,000- Cont inue d Cit y by state N umber of police department em ployees MARYLAND A bcrdcen ____ ____ __ _ Anna.polis . _____ ____ Bel Air ____ _____ __ __ Blade nsburg __ ___ ___ B runsw ick _________ _ Cambridge ________ _ Crisfi eld _____ __ ____ _ Distr ict H eights ___ _ Easton ____ ___ __ ___ __ E lk to n ________ ___ __ _ Frederick __ _______ __ Frost burg__________ _ Greenbelt ______ _____ H yatts ville _____ ___ _ Laure!_ ____ __ ______ _ Mou nt R ainier_ ___ _ Salisbur y _______ ___ _ Sparrows Poin t_ ___ _ T a kom a Par k ______ _ T hurmont ___ __ ___ __ U ni ve rsity of M ar yland _______ _ U n iversity P ar k ___ _ Westm inster _______ _ MASSACHUSETTS Abingto n __ _______ __ Acton ____ __________ _ Acushn et_ _____ ____ _ Ada ms __ __________ _ Aga wam __ __ __ _____ _ Amesbur y __ -- -----Am herst_ _______ __-Andover ___ ___ _____ _ As hburnham ______ _ Ashland ____ ____ ___ _ Hi6 N umher of police depar tment employees City b y state MASSACHUSETTSContinue d MAINE Augusta __ ____ __ ___ _ Bar Harbo r_ __ ____ __ Ba t h __ ____ _____ ____ _ B runswick __ ___ _____ Cam den ____ __ _____ _ D exter __ ___ ____ ___ __ E llswor t h __________ _ l"a lmou tl1- _____ ___ _ Farmin gto n __ _____ __ Gardiner _______ ____ H allowell _________ __ H am p den _________ __ Houl to n _______ ____ _ K itter y _____ ___ ____ _ M a da waska ____ ____ lV[ adison _______ ____ _ M illinocket ___ ______ iV[ilo ______--- --- - - -Old Orchar d Beach _ Old To",'--- - --Orono ______ -_____ __ _ Pari s __ ___ ______ ____ P it tsfi eld ___ ____ ___ _ P resque Isle ______ __ R ocklan d __________ _ R umfor d _____ ___ ___ Saco ______ _____ ___ __ San for d ___________ __ Scar borough __ ____ __ Skow hega n _____ __ __ Sou th Portland ____ _ Van Buren ___ ____ __ W a ldoboro __ _____ __ Wa ter ville ______ ___ _ Wells ___ ______ _____ _ W estbrook __ ___ ____ _ York_ _______ ______ _ C it y by state 34 5 Athol__ ____ _- _- - - - - Au burn _____ ___ ____ _ 15 Ayer ________ ___ ____ _ 21 Barnsta ble ___ ___ ___ _ i Bedford __ _______ __ __ 3 Blackstone _________ _ 5 Bourne __ ________ __ _ 3 Boylston __ __ _______ _ 3 Brid~ewa ter ____ ___ _ 9 Burli ngton _____ ____ _ 2 C ha t ham ____ ___ ___ _ 3 C helmsford _____ ___ _ 11 ___ ________ __ s Clinton Cohasset_ _____ ____ __ 3 Concor d ___ ____ ____ _ 3 Da lton T o,n1- ___ ___ 7 Dan,·ers ___ . ____ ___ _ 2 Dartmou t h ___ ______ 9 11 D ighton __ --- -- --- ·· Do,·cr ___ ·-· _·-· ·· · 5 4 Dracu t ._._ ·· ··· · ·- · 3 East Bridgewa ter_ . . 12 E asthampton . .. -··· East Longmeadow . . 12 13 E aston .... ..... -··- . Fair haven _________ _ 12 Falmouth ... - . . _... . Ii 4 Fo xborou gh .. .. .. ·- · i Franklin . . . . ··· · -··· 36 Gar dner .. . .. _- · · ·-Georgetown ...... . . _ 2 I Grafton . . .. -· · ·· ···· Greenfield _..... ... . 23 3 Groveland . . _· · · · -· · 19 H ar wich . . ···-·· ·-· · .3 Hingha m _·--· -· · ·· · Holbrook _· · ·· ·· · · -H olliston _. ___ .. . .. . H opedale ... . ... . .. . 12 Hudson ... .. ...... . . 59 Hu ll . .. . . . ---·· ···· i l ps" ·ich ........... · Lan caste r_ . ... -.... . 8 5 Leicester ... _······· 26 Lincoln . .. _.... -·· · · 8 Littleton .. -. .. . -· · ·· 3 Longmeadow _.... . . 13 Lu dlow .. _........ . . 7 L;'IlnficlcL . . -··· . . . 3i M a nsfi eld . . . . __ _-·- · 11 M a rblehead ___ . . ... ] ;\ M arion . . ·--···· -··· 18 M arl boro _....... .. . 12 M arshfi eld .... ... .. . 6 Mat ta poisett _._ ... . 3i M eclfielcL . _. -·--· · · 201 Merri mac. _. .. _-··- · 24 M icld lcboro . .. -... . . 2 Mi lford . . __···-·· ··· M ill bur y ___ --·-· ··· 38 M illis·-· -···- -······ 2 M ontague. __ - -·· -·· 7 Na hant To ,n1s hi p . . Na n t u cke t . . .. .. _.. . N e wbur yport ______ _ 15 12 i 18 2G 14 12 30 2 10 Nort h Ada ms . . . .. . . N ort h An dover_ ... . Nor t hboro .. _-·-- · - North bridge .. _.... . N orth Broo kfield .. . North Read ing . _. . . TorwelL ____ __ ____ __ Orange . _. . ·· - · ·· · - · Oxfor d .. . __ ·· - - - - - -· Palmer _· - · ·· · · -·--· Pe pperelL .. . ·- · -··· N umber of police department employees MASSACHUSETTS- Continue d Ii 10 9 39 17 6 19 1 10 29 11 28 19 13 21 7 25 rn 1 5 10 8 Ii 17 11 l 31 T opsfi eld . . . . .. · · · ·Tyngsborou gh ... .. . U p to n _· ·-··· · -· ··-· \\" alpole .. . ·· · · · · -·· 2 ,v a.re ___ ______ ____ __ 31 14 14 31 3 7 31 3 3 P l,7non th . .. . . . . .. . P ro vince town ____ ___ Reading .. .. . . . . .. . . R ehoboth . . . . . . . . . . . Rockp ort . .. · · -·· · · · Sa lis bury. · - ···· · - · · Sa n gn s. ____ . -· . . . · - Scitua te .. . . ·- · - ·· - · Sharon. ___ . .. . · - - - · · Shirley .. _. · · · ··· · - · Som erset . . . . . ... .. . . So u t hborough __... . Sou thbridge _____ ___ Sou t h H adley . . .. .. _ Stoneha m . . . ... - . . . . Stough ton .. . . . · · - · Sto\\· .. .. . . . ... . .. . . . Sud bnry -.. . · · -··· ·· Swa mpscott _. ····-·Sw anse::i. ____________ _ s 9 9 5 19 25 13 W are ham . . . - . .. . . . . \Va yla n d ... . . .. . .. . We bster ........... . , Vest Boylston _.. .. . West Bridge wa ter . . Westfor d .... . . ·· - · · \Veston . .. . .. -·· · · ·· \ Vestpo r t_ . . . . .. . ·- . Whi tm an .. .. . .. . .. . \\"illia m stowu _. ... . \Yi lm in gton.-.. - . .. . \ Vinchcster "Winthrop_ .. . . .. . .. . \ \" rcn t ham . __ ·· · ·· ·Adr ian ____ ______ ___ _ 9 r, Al bion . . ...... ..... . Algonac .. -. . .. . . ... . 19 18 17 s 32 G 32 31 10 9 2 20 23 12 6 10 9 11 21 31 19 7 13 2 13 6 6 5 13 2 10 II 32 29 H 4 11 5 30 14 31 24 4 13 30 JI 5 1 ?l -8 2:3 I, 25 l 6 6 15 1:1 13 II 24 -II 32 8 MIC HIGAN 4 5 10 32 3 ~J

~a............ :

Battle Cree k 'l'0\\71· s hi p ... _......... . Bedfo r d To"·ns hi p . . Beld ing .. . _.... .. .. . Benton H ar boL ... _ Ber kley . .. ...... . . . . Berr ien ISpriu gs .. -.. Bessem er _........ . . Bc,,crl y H ills _·-· .. . Bi g R a fi cl s _· · ····- · Blissfic cl . ... · ·· ·· ·B loomfi eld 'l'0 \\71sh iP .- -·· ·-· -· ·· --· B oy ne C it y ... .. ... . Ca di llac __ . . ·· ·-···Ca ro .. _·· · ··- · ·· ···Cnspia n __.. ·· ·-· · · Ce n te r Line ... _·- - · Charlotte _... -···· ·· C helsea. _· ··-····- - Cla wso n .. .. .... . .. . Colclwa t er . --·· · -·-· Coru nna. _.- ---·· - -· Cr ys tal Fnlls. - · - ·- Davison __-··- ·· ·· ·· Du ra n d ... .... .. . _. . E corse.···-·· Esca naba ____ ·· ___· ··· ___-_ "Fa.rm in gton __ ___ ____ 26 20 fl 13 20 IO

1

5 4G 2:l 3 4 Hi 12 l 30 5 13 ·l 2 Ji 9 •l 21 15 2 4 3 8 -18 22 23 �Table 50.-N umber of Full - T i m e Police D epartment Emplo:yees, December 31 1965, Cities With Population under 25,000- Continued ' C ity b y state MIC HIGAN- Con. Fentcin ___ _____ __ ___ F la t Rock __ ____ __ __ G ibralt ar __ ___ ___ __ _ Gladstone ____ ___ ___ Grand H a ven ___ ____ Gra nd Ledge ______ _ Gr and v ille ____ ____ __ Green v ille _____ _____ Grosse Pointe __ ___ __ Grosse Pointe Farms ____ __ ______ Grosse P ointe __ ____ __ __ P a rk ____ Grosse Pointe Woods _____ __ ____ _ H ancock ____ ____ ___ _ H a rpe r W oods -- ___ _ H astings _________ ___ Hillsda le ____ ____ ___ _ HowelL ___ ___ ____ __ Huntington Woods_ lron M oun ta in ___ __ Iron Ri , er_ ____ ____ _ lronwood _____ __- - -Ishpeming __ __-- - __ _ L a ke Orion __ _______ L a peer __ __--- - - - - -- La t hrup Village __ - _ Lauriu m ____ ____ ___ _ L u d ington ______ ___ _ M ack inac Island --- M anistee __ _--- - --- M arine C ity __ _____ _ M ar q ue t t e ____-- ---lVIars ha lL-- ____ __ __ M ar ys,·iJle ______ ___ _ M ason __ ____--- -- --M elvindale ___ --- --Menom inee _______ __ Michigan Sta te U nivers ity __ _- -- - Milfo rd _________ __ __ Mount P leasan t ___ _ Mu nising __ __ _- --- -- M us kegon H eights_ Negaw iee __ ____ -- --Ne ,\· B alt irnore .- - - N il cs _____ ___ _____ __ N or t h M us kegon ___ N or thvi lle ________ __ N orway ___ _____ ____ Oscoda ____ _----- -- Otsego ___ ______ ___ _ O \\"0 SSO - - -- ----- - - -- Oxfo rd ______ __ __ --- P etoskey ____ ___ __ __ P la in we ll __ __ ___ ____ P leasant R id ge ____ _ P lymou t h ______ ___ _ Portland --- - ______ __ Richmo nd __ _______ _ R iver R ouge _____ ___ R iYcrvi cw .. ____ ____ R ochester __ ____ ____ _ R ogers C ity __ - _- - - R omeo ___ ____ ______ _ Rooseve lt P ar k --- -St . C la ir_ ________ ___ St. Johns __ _____ __ __ St. Jose ph ____ __ ___ _ St. Lo uis ___ ____ __ __ Sault Ste. M a rie ____ Scottville ________ - - Sou t h H aven .-- ---So u t h Ra n ge ____ ____ Spar ta ____ . ___ - - - - -Stam bau gb ____ _____ N umber of police department employees C ity by stat e Num ber of police dep artment employees 6 18 8 8 9 19 29 31 44 6 33 9 7 6 13 12 5 15 15 8 11 5 4 13 2 12 5 29 11 8 6 22 14 39 10 16 5 20 13 5 29 3 11 4 9 4 22 9 8 4 8 16 5 9 47 16 13 4 10 2 5 10 22 5 30 2 13 1 3 4 Stu r gis __ __ ___ __ ____ _ Swartz Creek_ . _____ T ecu m se h _______ __ _ Three R ivers _____ __ T renton _. ____ ___ __ _ T roy __ _____ __ ___ __ __ Vassar ____ _____ __ __ _ W a kefie ld _. . ___ ___ _ W ayn e ____ _____ ____ Woodha ven . ____ __ __ Ypsilan ti __ _____ ___ _ Zeeland __ _____ ___ ___ 16 4 12 14 41 25 4 5 34 2 36 4 MINNESOTA A lber t Lea ___ ____ ___ A lexand ria ____ __ ____ Anoka _________ __ ___ A urora _____ _______ __ B a bbitt __ _______ __ __ B ay port __ __ _____ ___ Bemid ji__ __ __ __ _____ B enson _______ ______ B laine . -- --- -- - - -- - Blue E artb .- -- -- -- B rain erd __ ____ ____ __ B recken ridge ... ____ B rookl yn P a rk ... __ B urn sville _______ __ _ Cam bridge ____ ___ __ C haska ____ __ __ __ __ _ C hisholm _______ __ __ Cloquet ___ ________ __ Col u mbia H eights . _ C rook ston ___ . ___ . __ C rosby ______ ______ _ D eephaven . ______ __ D etroit L akes ____ ___ El y _____________ ___ _ E veleth ____ .--·-- - - F airmont --------- -F alcon H eigh ts ._ -- F ari bault .. ----·-- · Fergus F alls . ------ · Fridley - . ----------G lenwood . __ ------G ol den Valley ____ __ G rand R a pids _.. ___ H astings __________ __ Hi bbing _---------- Hopkins.---- ------Hoyt Lakes. ______ __ H utchinson ___ __ __ __ In terna tional Fall s . Jackson __ ___ _______ _ L ake City .------- · L au de rdale _. ______ _ Le Suenr .--- ---- - -L ittle F alls . _____ ___ M aplewood __ _____ .. M arshal!__ _,. _____ __ M end ota H eigh ts--Mon tevideo .------· Morris------------·Mound s View . __ ___ ew B righ to n ___ __ _ New H ope . .... ----New P rague_. -----New U lm __________ _ N ort hfleld . --------Nor t h Mankato ___ _ _ or tb St. PauL .. __ Orono . - - --- --- - ---Orto nv ille ._- ------ · OWa tonll!L-- -- - - -- P a rk R apidS--- -- --P ipestone ________ __ _ N umber of police department employees MINNESOTA-Con . MICHIGAN-Con. 14 6 10 City by state 25 7 16 4 4 3 16 7 10 5 1~ lO 11 2 2 13 13 18 17 8 2 8 10 11 14 3 21 15 18 10 18 118 23 21 3 6 10 5 4 1 4 8 17 14 3 8 5 4 8 7 2 17 9 5 9 4 7 18 4 6 Pl ymouth ___ ___ ____ R eel Wing ___ ____ ___ R ed wood F alls .... _ R obbinsdale. ____ ___ St. Anthony __ _____ _ St . Ja mes ____ ______ _ St. Paul Pa rk ______ _ St. Peter __ ____ ____ __ Sauk R apids ___ ____ _ Shakopee ______ __ ___ Silver Bay ____ ____ __ Sleepy E ye __ ______ _ Sou t h St. PauL . _. _ Springfield ___ ___ ___ _ Stap les . . _________ __ Still wa ter. __ ___ ____ _ T hief R iver F alls . --_ Tracy ____ _____ _____ T wo H arbors ______ _ Virginia ____ _____ ___ Wa bas ha .. ______ ___ West St. P auL . __ __ W hite Bea r Lake ... Will mar _____ ____ ___ Windom . _____ ____ __ Wort hin gton _______ _ 6 17 4 15 9 5 3 8 3 6 4 4 29 3 4 8 14 4 8 22 3 13 13 16 4 13 MISSISSIPPI Aberdeen __ ___ ______ Batesville ___ __ ______ Booneville ___ ___ ____ Brook haven __ _____ _ Cleve land __ ___ ____ _ Clin to n _____ _______ _ Forest_ ___ ____ _____ _ Greenwood __ ___ ___ _ Ind ian ola_ . ____ __ ___ Long Beach ___ _____ _ McComb _. ________ _ New A lbany __ ___ __ _ Newton __ __ ________ _ Oxford _____ _______ __ Senatobia __ ___ . ____ . Waynes boro _______ _ MISSOURI Ba llwin ___ ________ __ Bellefontain e Neighbors __ _____ _ Ber keley ______ __ ___ _ Boon ville ____ ___ ___ _ Bren t wood ______ ___ B ri dgeton ____ __ __ __ _ B rookfield _______ ___ Ca mer on __ _______ __ Carthage _______ ___ _ Centra lia ____ ___ ____ C harleston ___ ____ __ _ C hillicothe _______ __ _ Clay ton _____ _____ __ Crestwood __________ Creve Coeur_ __ ___ __ D .- -________ --- - -·--_ D ellwood e Soto ____ E ldon _____________ _ E xcelsior Sprin gs ___ F ar mington ___ ____ __ F ayette ____ ___ __ ._ . _ F lat R iver- --- --- - -F ronte nac ___ __ ____ _ F u lton ________ ______ G ladstone ______ ____ Glendale ___ ______ ___ H an ley H ills ___ ___ __ H anni bal__ _____ ____ 12 4 7 18 20 6 6 35 16 5 18 9 5 17 2 5 8 13 25 11 18 19 7 5 17 5 9 14 42 17 14 6 9 5 15 5 4 7 10 16 15 11 3 24 167 �Table 50. -Nu mbe r of Full-Time Police D epartment Employees, Dece mbe r 31 , 1965, Cities With Population under 25,000-Continued C ity by state N umber of police department employees N un1Uer of C ity by state NEBRASKA-Con. MISSOURI- Con. Harr ison ville __ . ___ _ H azelwood __ __._ . . . llermrurn _____ - - --J ackson ___ _______ _. . Jenn ings_ .. __ .. . . _. . L aduc. _.--- - ----- - Lamar ___ _____ -- - --Lees Summit. ____ __ L iberty ___ __. -- - -- - M a lden __ __ __ ____ ___ Maplewooc\ __ . - - - - -Marceline ___ _____ ___ Marshal!__ _________ _ Maryville ____ __ ____ _ Mexico __ _____ __ ___ _ Moberly ___ ____ __ --Monett_ ______ --- - - Neosho --- -- ---- -_ Nevada__ __ _____ __ ___ 1 ormandy ___ ____ __ _ 4 14 2 6 37 26 4 14 17 s 22 5 14 13 16 19 9 12 16 3 Nort h Kansas Cit y _ Northwoods _. ___-- O'Fallon ___ ... __. __ _ Olivette ___.. . . . ---Palmyra ____ . . -- . . -Pine Lawn ____ ____ _ Potosi _.. __ ___ __ _--R aytown __ ___ _____ _ R ichmond Heights _ 25 4 5 13 3 Rolla __ _____ _____ ___ St. Ann ___ _____ ____ _ St . John Vi Hage ____ . Salem __________ _____ Shrewsbnry ____ ____ _ Sikeston _._ . . .. _____ "later ____ __._ .. ____ _ Tren ton ____ _____ ___ Union ___ ___ ____ ____ Va lley Park __ ___ __ _ Vinita P ark __ ___---- 20 \Varre.nsburg _ - - -- - - 11 Riverv iew ____ ______ Rock Hi!L ___ _____ _ Webb City ______ ___ West P lains . _______ 7 5 37 24 3 11 12 7 ·9 1G 4 4 3 5 10 9 MONTANA An aconda ___ _____ __ _ B aker_ ___.. ____ .. ___ Bozeman . _____ ____. C hotean _.. . _. . ___ __ Conrad _____ . . --- - __ Culbertson __ . ____ __ Di llon ______ ___ ___ __ G lasgow ________ ____ G lendive ____ _. ___ __ H elen a ____ ___ _______ LaureL __ . . _____ . ___ Lew-istown ____ _____ _ Libby _________ ___ __ Livin gston __ __ _____ _ M iles City __ __ ______ Reel Lodge __ _______ _ Sidney __ ____ _____ __ _ Wh itefish ___ ___ ____ _ Wolf Point. ______ __ 12 3 16 3 3 1 7 14 12 28 9 10 6 12 14 4 10 4 3 NEBRASKA Alliance ________ ____ Aubu rn _____ ____ -- -Aurora __ ___ ________ _ B eat rice . _. ____ ___ __ Be!Jevne __ __ __ ___ ___ B lai r ____ ________ ___ _ C hadron _________ __ _ 168 C ity by stat e police department employees 13 8 3 23 17 5 7 Columbus . __ ______ _ Crawford ___ _____ __ _ -- ----- -- -_ Crete .- ____ Fairbury __ ______ F remon t_ _____ __ ___ _ Gering ___ ____ ____-- H astings __. ____ __ ___ Holdrege ___ ______ ___ Kearney ... ____ _____ M cCook _____ _______ M illa rd _____ _____ __ _ Nebraskn City ____ __ Norfolk _____ ___ ___ __ Nort h P latte ____ ___ _ P lattsmonth _____ ___ R a lston _______ --- --Schu y ler _______ ____ _ Scottsblu fT __ _______ _ Sewar d .. ___ ___ ____ _ Siclney ___ _. - - - - - - - -Superior . ______ ____ _ W ayne __ _________ __ York __ ____ __ _______ NEVADA B oulder City . . ____ _ Carson Cit y _____ __ _ Elko _________ ______ _ F allon ________ ___ ___ Sparks __ __ __ ____ ____ NEW HAMPSHIRE Berlin . _. ____ ___ ___ _ Claremon t ________ __ Conway __ ___ ______ _ Derry ____ __________ _ D urham ._. __ __ __ ___ Gofisto\\71- __ _. _____ H ampton ___ ____ ___ _ H anove r_ ______ ____ _ Ilndson ___ _. --- -- - -K eene .. . ___ ____ ____ Littloton ______ -- ---M ilforcL __ ____ ____ _ Ne\\711ark t ___ _____ _ 1 0\\-port ___ ___ _____ _ P elha m ______ ______ _ Peterborough ______ _ Rochester. ___. --- - -Salem __ ______ ____ __ _ Somers\\·orth __ ___. _ NEW JERSEY Absecon . __.. _____ __ Allendale . __ ____ ___ _ Asbu r y Park ____ __ Atlantic Highlands_ Auduhon ______ __ __ _ Tlelvidere ______ ____ _ Berkeley H eights ___ B erna rds Township_ Beverly ____ ____ ____ _ Bogota ______ . ___ __ __ Boonton _________ __ _ Bordentow,1_______ _ B0tmd B rook ______ _ Bradley Beach ___ ___ B ridgeton __ ___ _____ _ B rielle ________ _____ _ B rigantine. _____ __ __ B urlin gton __ __ ___ __ _ Butler ___ ____ __ _____ Caldwell__ ___ ____ __ _ Qape M ay __ __ _____ _ N umber of police department employees NEW JERSEY- Con. Carlstadt_ ___ ___ ____ Car teret ___ _____ ___ _ Cedar Grove ship __ __ ____Town ____ _-_ 19 2 6 7 Chatham T ownship __ ___ ___ _____ _ 34 Cinnaminson T own10 sh ip __ __ _______ ___ 21 Clark _____ _____ _____ 15 Clayton ____ ___ __ ___ 4 Cliffside P a rk _______ 8 C loster __ ___ _____ __ _ 19 Collingswood ____ ___ 32 Cressk ill _____ ______ _ 10 DeaL __ _____ ______ _ 4 D elan co T ownship __ 5 D em arest __ ___ ______ 23 D em,ille Towns hip_ S Dover_ __ ___ ____ ___ _ 14 Dumont ___________ _ 4 Dunellen ___ _____ ___ 4 E ast Hanover 10 Townsbip ____ ___ _ E ast Paterson _____ _ E ast Ruther ford ___ _ E atontown ___ _____ _ 10 Edgewa ter _________ _ 18 E gg Harbor C ity __ _ 16 Emerson ________ ____ 10 Englewood Cliffs __ _ 36 F a irfield ___ __ ___ ___ _ Fair H a ,,en ___ ___ __ _ F airview ___ ________ _ F anwood __ __ ___ ___ _ 30 Fle mington ___ _____ _ 17 Florence Township_ 4 F lorham Park _____ _ 9 Franklin ____ ___ ____ _ 4 Freehold ___ ___ ___ ___ 4 Garwood __ __ __ ___ __ 12 G lassboro ___ ____ ____ 6 Glen Ridge _________ 6 Glen R ock __ __ ____ __ 22 G lou cester City __ ___ 6 G reen Brook 4 Towns hip __ _____ _ Greenwich 4 Township __ ______ _ 6 2 Haeketts tow1.1- _____ 3 H a ddonfield ____ ____ 20 H addon Heigh ts __ __ 14 U addon Townsh ip __ 13 Hammonton _____ ___ Hanover Township _ Harrington Park ___ _ 16 42 17 29 9 Jlnrrison _____ _____ __ 15 7 45 9 14 2 1 7 4 15 17 8 15 13 33 14 10 26 6 23 13 H asbrou ck H e igh ts _ ITawort h ___ __ ______ _ H a wthorne __ _____ __ Highland Park ____ _ Highlands ___ __ __ ___ Hillsdale __ ___ ____ ___ Ilills icle T owi1sbip. _ Ho-Ho-Ku s ______ ___ Hopatcong ___ ___ __ __ Jamesburg ___ ______ _ Jefferson Township _ Kea nsbu rg _______ ___ Ken ilwort h _____ ___ _ K innelon __________ _ L ak wood __ __ ______ L awren ce T ownship ___ ____ _ L incoln Park __ __ ___ L inwood _________ ___ L ittle Ferry ________ Little Silver_ ____ ___ 13 17 26 4 29 14 24 14 lG 4 f, 20 23 30 15 12 23 20 16 rn 11 11 13 10 8 22 Jf, 6 13 JG 3 1r. 10 14 23 22 24 4 11 11 2G 15 rn 16 19 Ii 59 24 (i 20 24 6 rn f,5 s .5 2 10 12 rn 6 36 27 s 9 12 12 �Table 50 . -N umber of Fu ll - Time Police D epa r tme nt Employ ees D ece mbe r 31 1965, Cities W i t h Population und e r 25,000 - Contim;ed C it y b y state N w nber of police depar t ment e mployees Paul sboro. -- - - - - - - - - P cm he r to n Towns hi p ._ Penn s G rove .. --- - -Pcnn svill e Townsh ip .. ·-·-····---P eq ua nnock T ownship ... ----- - ---P hil li psb u rg . __- - --P itm a n . .. .... - . . - -Pl easantville . ___ _- -Point P leasant . .. --l'oinL Pleasa n t Beach .. ··---- --Pompton L a kes_ . __ _ Princeton T ownsh ip N um ber of police depar tm en t e m pl oyees 13 33 29 4 18 12 5 15 17 56 19 12 24 10 23 18 8 53 6 25 4 9 13 22 35 25 7 15 7 19 11 1 27 19 7 9 16 G 5 21 5 15 JO 46 10 25 16 28 21 13 8 13 14 12 16 14 28 13 27 17 13 14 24 Prospect P ark ___ __ _ R a1n sey ____ _______ _ R and olph T ownship _. ________ ___ _ R ed B ank .- --- - - - · R idgefield __ . ____ ___ Rid gefield P a rk ___ __ Ri ver Edge ________ _ Ri versid e ___. ____ ___ R ochelle Park T own ship . _.. - - -R ock a way ____ __ ___ _ Rock a way T own sh ip . - . ____ - - -- -______ -- ----_ Roseland R oselle _. . . ----- · -- Rose lle P a rk ____. __ _ R oxbury Town ship_ R u mson . _. ______ ___ R unnemed e _. . · - - - Ru t herford . . ____ ___ Sad d le B rook Township _.. ____ _ Scotch P lainS-- -- - -Sea I sle C ity ___ _____ Secau cu s-- --- - -- - -- Sbre wsb u ry ___ __ __ . _ Somerd ale . . ___ ____ _ Somers P oint.- - - -- Somerv ille. _-- - - __- South Amboy __. ___ sou t h B runswick Townsh ip .. : . . -- Sou th Orange_. _____ Sou th P lainfield . . - Sou th River. - .. · -· ·S pa rt a T o,n1shiP - ·Spotswood __. · - - - --· S pringfield . ---- - . --Sp riug L a ke E eigh ts-- -- - -- - -- S tratfo rd __ ___ - - - -- - Sum mit . __ - -- ' -- - -T enafly. __. --- - - -- - Toms R iver .. . . - - ·U n ion B each . .. - -·U pper P enns N eck T own ship _.. . - - -Up per Saddle R iver. - -----·. - - - · Ven tno r C!tY --- -- ·Verona .. - · -- ·--··· Voorhees T ownship . W a!d wick ... -· - · - -W alliugton ... - -· · - ,v an aq ue- --· .. · - -· W ashin gton ... · -- · W ashington Townsh ip __ · ---·--·- -· · W a t chung _______ . __ W eeha w ken Town ship .... . -----· - -· W est Ca!d we!I. .. .. West D eptford T own sh ip ... · "- -· W est L on g B ranch __ W est P a terson ___. __ W estwood . ---·-·· · · W h a rton .-. -·.-- ··- Wi ldwood .. . - · -· - ·Wildwood C rest . · ·W illingboro ,.r ownsh iP - - · .------ - --Woodbury _____ . . · - Woodcli ff La ke .· -· · Woodly u n e __. · ·· · - · W ood-R idge--- ·· ·· . C it y by state ' N u mber of police departmen t em ployees NEW JERSEY-Con . NEW JERSEY-Con. NEW J ERSEY- Con . Lower Townsh ip __ _ L yn d hurst Township ___ ___ __ M a d ison ___ __ _____ __ M agnolia __ _____ __ __ Mah wa h Towns hip _ M an asquan __ . ____ _. M an t oloking ___ ___ __ M a m ·ille ______ ___ __ M a ple Sh a de T owns h ip __ ___ ___ l'vla p le wood Townsh ip ___ __ ___ M ar gate City _____ __ M atawan ___ __ __ __ __ IV[ a y wood ____ ___ __ _ M e rch a nt ville _____ _ M e t u ch en ___ ___ ___ _ M id d lese:<- - - - - -- - -M id lan d P ark - - - - - M ill b urn Townsh ip ____ ____ M illt ow11- ____ ___ ___ M ill \'ille- --- ----- -- Mine Hillhip _______ _ T owns l\1on t vale ___ ___ __-- :!Vfon t d!Je T o\\-ns h ip _- - - - -- M oorestown T owns hip ____. ___ Morristown _. ____- - Morris Town shiP. - Mo un t a in L a kes -. -Mou nta ins ide- · -· - -Mo u nt Ephraim -· - :\1. oun t H oll y ___ ____ Ne p t une C ity ___ ___ N e t con g __ __- - -- --- N e w M ilford -- -- -- Nc w P roYiden ce .--'Nc w Sh re wsbury ___ Ne wton ___ _- -- - - - - - Nortl1 B ru ns w ick To,vnf. h ip . ______ _ N orth rra ledon __-- N ort ln-a lc ___. - . - --· Nort h W il dwood - -~orwoocL -- -- - ----Oa k la n d . - - ---- -- --Oa kl vn _· - ---- - ----Ocean C itY.------ -Ocean G rove . . ,-- - - Ocea n T ownsh1p . . -Oradell. . .. . --- · · · -P a lisad es Ln t erst a te P a rk _.. -- ------ - -P a lisad es P a r k . .. --P a r k R idge- --·-;-· · P a ssaic Tow nslu p . - C ity b y st at e .· 4 17 12 23 22 37 17 ll ll 6 20 JO 37 22 16 13 ~~ 21 24 10 31 6 4 11 25 19 13 41 30 22 13 8 34 11 5 40 30 47 5 16 13 27 25 5 11 15 7 6 12 11 45 21 12 8 12 23 7 26 12 18 24 6 3 20 W righ tst own .. . . - . . W yckoff- - -- - --- ··- - 2 15 N EW MEXICO Artesia . ______ _____ _ A zteC--- ----- --- --· Belen.- - -- ---- -- ---· C layton . . - -- - -- - - ·D eming . . _. ·- - ----E span ola . . ·- --- - --E unice--- -· -- - -----· GallUP----·- -- · . ·- -Ja L - ·--·- --- · - ---- · L as Vegas C ity . . . - L os A la mos-·- ·- · · - · Portales - - · ·--·- ·--Sil ver C it y . . .. ·- --T ru t h or Conse- T~ii:;,ie:rc_:::::::: Tularosa _. ____ ____ ·Universit y Park ____ 16 9 7 11 l! 12 6 45 2 19 24 15 13 8 15 3 ]] NEW YORK Alfred ____ ____ . ____ _ A lt amo n t_ __._ . ___ __ Am ityville ___ _. ___ __ A rdsley __ _____. __ ___ Ash aroken ____ __ __ __ A ttica_ - - · --· -· - - --· B ald winsvi!Je __ ____. B a llsto n Spa __ .. ___ _ B a ta v ia ___·' -- ·- · - -B a t h-.-- -·· --- ·-- --B eaco n __. · -·-·- - -- B et hlehem ____ ___ ___ BlasdelL -- - - · ·- --·Bria rcliff Ma no r ____ Canajoharie __ __ _____ Ca na nd aigua _. . - ·- · Can as tota.- · ··-···· Ca n is teo __·-·- -· · - ·· Ca nton ___ ··---· - -- Ca rmcL. - -· · - · - -· · Carthage . _- -- ·- - - · · Ca yu ga H eigh ts . ___ Cazeno via. ____ ____ _ ChesteL .·- · · ·- ·-·-C h itLena n go __.- .. -CobleskilL--- ·----Cohoes _- - -- -··-··-· Cooperstown __ _. __ _ Corinth ___ __ . . ·- ·· -· Corning __. - ·-·- · -·Cornwa !L __ __ . . . - - Cortlan d ___ _. · -· · -- · D a nsville_· -·---·--· D ewitt_ - - · - -- · --- -D obbs F err Y---- ·--· D olge v il le . . ·· - - -· - · D un k irk_ · - ·· --- - - - · E as t A urora _. ··· - - · E astchester_ ____ ____ E llen v ille- - -··-··--Elm ira H eigh ts _._ .. E lms fo rd ___ _. __ .. __ Endico tt-·- - -···---E ,1 ans __ ___ _____ ____ F a irport -- - ·· -·-·--F a lconei __. . - · - - · . · F loral P a rk_ ···-·--F ort E d wa rd _- - · - - F or t P lain - ---··-··Fred on ia ---- ·-- - ···Gene va~···-·- · · · - · · 5 1 l~ 11 4 2 6 5 33 14 31 17 5 16 4 19 7 2 7 15 7 4 3 l 3 3 41 4 2 23 3 31 10 4 20 3 28 14 55 11 7 13 42 15 8 5 36 4 3 10 30 169 �Table 50.-Niunber of Full-Time Police Depart m,ent E,nployees, D e c e mber 31, 1965, Cities With Population unde r 25,000-Con-tinued City by state Nwnber of police department employees NEW YORK-Con, Glens F a lls. ·-·- -··G lovcrs villc __. _. . -· _ Gasheu. _--·- -······ Gouverneur ____ ___ _ Gowanda. ·-·-······ Oran ville _____ ____ __ Green Island __···--· Greenport __ · · -· ··-n arnilton. _. -· - - - · · ]-Iarrison __ ____ _____ _ II astings-on. Hudson _... . . . . . . . IInvers traw ........ _ Her kime.r_. _· · -····· Highla nd . -··· --···· H ighla nd Falls . . . . . Iloosick F alls .... _.. Hornell. _. . _.. ..... . Il orsehcads ... ..... . II udson ... ... . . . ... . Il udson Falls . ..•. . . Ilion . . ... _..... . ... . Irvington ...... . . . . . J ohnson City . ... . . . Johnstown .. _. . . . . . _ K enmore _. . -· ·· · · - · L a ke P lacid .. ... __ . L akewood .. ··· -···· L an caster Town_· -· L an caster Village ... L archmont .. . .. . •.. L e Roy. ---· · · · ···· · Liberty. ___ . . ···· ··Liver pool.. ..... . . . _ Lowville......•... . . L ynbrook_·· · ·· - · ··· Lyons . _··-··-····· · Malone.- ··--·-··· · · M alvcrne_.. _. -.... . 1'\II amnroncck ____ ___ Massena . . - · ·-·- - · · · Medina · -··-·-·· -· · · i\,J iddletown_· · · -· · · Mohawk _·-· -······ Monticcllo_ . .... .. . . Tewark __ ______ ____ New Castle. _..... . . New York Mills . .. . North Castle . . . . . _. Northport. · ·--····· Nort h Syracu se.- . .. Norwich __ ______ ____ unda 'l'owo .. . . . . . Ogden ._···· ··- · · · ·· Ogden sburg.. . . ... . Olea n .. . _· ··· - -· · · · · Oneida _··-· · · ··· ··· Oneonta . .. ........ . Ossining .. - . . . . .•. . . Oswego··--·· ······· Owego·· -· -·-· ······ Oxford.· -··-·· · · · - - · Pain ted Post ... ... . Palisades Interstate P arkrn _·__· ________ -· ··--···· P almy __ Peekskill. .. · ·-· · · · · Pelham · - --····-- ··· Pelham Manor_. .... P enn Yan . · -·- ·· ··· Plattsburgh . . ··- · · · Pleasant v ii.le .. . ... . Port Jerv is.. . · ····Potsdam ... ······· Poughkeepsie T own ___________ _ Riverhead Town . _. -170 City by state Nw11bcr of police department employees NEW YORK- Con. 31 36 6 9 5 3 6 5 2 59 rn I?. 17 I 5 3 24 10 21 12 13 17 30 19 28 10 5 15 13 26 5 11 5 4 51 7 15 20 45 23 9 44 3 18 17 23 I 18 Ii 5 15 2 6 23 32 20 23 39 32 14 I 3 75 5 39 14 26 13 33 Ii 15 16 38 30 Rotterdam . .. . . _... Rye ··· ·-··- -· - · · · -Sag H arbor·- -·· -· · · St . .Tohn sville. -.. ... Salamanca __··· · ···Saranac L ake _·- -· · · Saratoga Springs. . .. Sau ger ties . . ... _...• Scarsdale . .. -· . __ ... Scotia ... ······· - · -· Sherrill .. . . __.. . . . _. Skaneateles. -· · · ·· · · Sloa n · · --· -- · ·-- ·· -· Sloatsburg __ · ·- ·· ·- · Solvay ___.· --·-···-· Southa m pton __·· · · · South Glen s Falls .. South Nyack . · --- · · Spring Valley . . ... _. Springville . . · ··-··SuITern . _. - - · · ·· · · -· Ticonderoga.. _. . . -· Tuckahoe . . -·-···-· Tupper L ake .. ·--·· TtLxcdo. __ ··-···- ··· Tuxed o P a rk. -· -· · Vesta l _· ---·--·-- ··Walden .. __· · -······ Walton .. · ·--·- ··-·· Wappingers F alls . .. War sa"-· · - __ -·· -· --· \Varw ick ________ ____ 24 Waterloo. ___········ Wat kins G len . ..... . " 'avcrl y _____ ______ _ Well sville . . _.. .... . . Westfield _. . · ··--··· Whitehall. . __ · ···--· Whitesboro .. _-···· · Woodbury ··-- ··--·· York v ille __···- · - -·· 6 i 12 47 3 3 12 II 29 8 53 12 2 2 6 I 12 13 3 4 25 2 16 6 20 9 2 8 11 6 i 5 3 5 9 G 3 2 3 I NORTH CAROLIN A N w11ber of police department employees NORTH CAROLIN A-Con. L exington . . . .. · - -·· Lincolnton .... . . . . _. L ouisburg . .. -· · · ·· · Lumberton . .. - · - · ·iVIarion ____ __________ 1\1onroc__ __ ___ ___ ___ 1organton . .. _. . .. . . Mount Airy . . . . ... . . Mou nt Oli ve .. . _.. __ Murfreesboro .. .... . . New Bern .. -. . ... . _ Reel Springs · -· · -·· · R eidsvil.lc . .. _-·· · -· Roa noke Rapids .. _. Sa Us bury_ -· · · -·- ___ Scot land Neck_ ···- · Shelby_ .. _· ··-·· -··. Sm it hfield .··-- · · -·· pray __ ____ ________ _ Spring Lake· - ···· · tatesville ______ ___ _ T arboro ___________ _ T homas ,7 ille .. __ .. - · \"aldese _. ·- ·· -· · ··-\r adesboro_._ .... _- · Wake Forest. . __ ··· · Washington. _. __ · -·Waynes ville. ·· · - · - · - 33 13 8 24 10 22 21 20 G 7 32 31 28 44 r, 30 15 6 3 44 17 31 5 II 6 20 13 NORTH D AKOTA De,-ils Lake _.. __ .. . D ick inson _______ ___ Grafton .. . .. . ...• .. Jamestown ____ __ ___ 1\tTandan ______ _____ _ R u gby · -- · ···_ -····South \Vest Fargo . . _ \"alley Cit y· ·-··-·-\\'illiston __· · ·-· ·· · -- 10 17 7 20 13 4 3 II LS OHIO Ahoskie. .. __-···- ·· Albemarle .... -.- ... Asheboro.·- ··· · · · · · A yden _· -·- · ·-· ·· ··· B eau fort .. · ·-· · - --·· Belhaven .· -··-·· · · · Belmont. _···-··· ··· B lowing Rock . . . . _. Boone .. ··- ··· - · · · · · Brevard . ____ ..... . . Ca ry . _ . ........... . C ha pel Hill.. . . . . . . . C herry ville. - · · ·- ··· C la~·ton . . · · -···- ··· C linton . _-··-·· - · ··· Concord . . _- · ·-·· ··· Drnper . __ ·· - · ... . . . E lizabeth C ity .. . . . E lkin _...... -·-·- · · · Enfield . _·······-··· 9 26 24 Forest C ity_· · · · · · ·· Fuquay Spring . -·· Gmham _. · --- ·- -·-· Gran ite F al.ls· ·-···· llavelock _· ·-·-····· H enderson . _._ . . -··· Henderson ville . . . .. J acksonville . _· · ···Lake \Vaccmn aw __ __ L aurin b urg .. . . . . . . . LeaksviUe . . . -· -· · · · Lenoir.--· -- .... _... 12 5 10 10 3 24 1 F arm v ille _ _ _______ _ City by state 6 4 3 11 3 5 5 29 i 5 14 35 5 26 10 G 9 28 1 18 10 2G Am berley . . . _. .. . _.. Amherst .. ··· ··- · · · · As hland __- · -· - · - · · · Aurora __ ____ _______ _ A von L a ke .. . . .. .. _ Barnesville __. .. ... . Ba y Village __ ···-· ·Bcachwoocl . . ·-·· · ·B eavercreek T ownship ... .. . .. . Bedfor d . ___ _..... . . . Bellaire. __. . · - .... . . Bcllefonta inc_. _·· · ·l:lelle vue ... . - · __.... Belpre . ... _·-·-····. Berea . . . _. . . . ...... . BexlC)' · -·-· · · ··-· · ·· B lue As h.· - --·--· - · B owlin g G reen __· -· Brocks ,, illc . . _.... -· llrm1cl\, iew H eigh ts _ Brooklyn __-····· ··· Brook P ark· ··--···Bryan···- -··- ·- · - . . . Cam bridge .. -...... . CamplJelL. . __. . . .. . Cann I !. . . ·- · - -··-· Carey··-· ···· ··· - · ·· Celina . ···-·- · ···- ·· hagrin F alls . ... - . . C hardon . ..... . . _.. _ C heviot.. ·· - · ···· - ·· irclev illo.. . . ... . _. 14 8 19 7 12 5 15 18 7 19 14 Ji II 4 22 ~o 6 17 14 i 14 23 12 20 23 4 5 13 8 8 8 13 �Table 50.-N umber of Full - Time Police Department Employees, Dece mber 31 1965, Cities JT7 ith Population unde r 25,000- Continue d City by state OHIO- Continued C lyde __ ____ ________ _ Coal Grove ___ ____ __ Colwnbiana ____ ___ _ Conneaut ______ ___ __ Crestli ne _____ _____ _ Crooksville __ ______ _ D eer P ark _____ __ ___ Defiance __ __ ___ ____ _ Delaware ___- - - - --- D en n ison __ ___ ______ Dover ____ ____ ______ E ast lake _____ ____ ___ E ast Liver pool_ _____ E a ton ____ ___ __ ___ __ Elmwood Place _____ F a ir(ield ___ __- ___- _F airport H ar bor_ ___ F a irview P a rk __ __ __ F ostoria ___ - - - -- -_ Franklin __ ____ ___--__ F remont_ _________ - Gahan na __ __ ______ _ Ga lion _________ _____ Geneva ____ __ - -- - - - Gern1autown _ - - --- - G ibson burg ___ __ - - - G Iendale __ __- _- - - - - G olf Manor_ _-- --- - G ran dview H eights_ Gra n v ille ____- -----Greenfield __- --- --- Greenh ills __ -------G reenville __ -------Grove City ___ _____ _ H icksville _________ _ Highland H eights __ _ Hilliar d ___ - - -- -- - - - H illsboro __ _ -- - --- - H u bbard ___ - -- - - - - H uron _____ ______ __ _ I n dependence __ _-- -Jackson ___ _- - ,- - - -- Kent__ - - - - - --- - - - - K enton_ - ---- - --- - - L eba non __- - - ------ L eetonia __ ____ _____ _ Lexington _- _ - --- - -Lockland __- - - - - - --Logan __ -- - -- -- - --- Louisv ille __ __- - - ---Loveland ____ _______ l\,Jadeira ___ __ _- -- -- - - Mariemont_ __ ___- - - Marietta __ ______- -- lVlarysville __ ___ - --- Ma umee __ - - ---- ---Mayfield __ ---__- -- - - _Medina _____ __ ___ Men tor-on-t he-L ake i\liam isburg ___--- -- Middlepor t __- - _- - -Mingo J u nction _--- Mogadore_- - ---- - - - Montgomery __ -----Montpelier __ __--- - -Moraine ____ __ - -- - -- Mount Gilead _______ Mount H ealthy ____ _ Napoleon ___ ___ - -- -'avarre ___ __ ____ - -cw 13oston ____ ____ Newburgh HeightsNew Carlisle ____ ___ _ Newcomerstown_- -New Lexington - 0 -- N ew Philadelph ia __ Newton F alls- -- - --- N wnber of poUce depar t m ent employees 8 2 4 16 4 2 9 18 17 4 19 16 25 4 6 12 5 22 23 11 25 10 17 9 7 4 6 7 13 2 8 6 10 14 3 4 8 9 9 8 10 14 16 13 12 3 3 13 9 5 5 5 7 21 7 17 7 16 5 18 4 8 4 5 4 14 7 5 11 2 11 5 4 8 5 16 8 C ity by sta te OHIO-Continued Niles _________ ___ __ _ N or t h Ca nton ______ Nort h College Hill __ Nor th Olm sted ____ _ Nort h R idgeville __ _ N or t h Royalton ____ Nor walk ____ __ __ __ __ Oak Harbor_ _______ Oakwood ___ ___ ____ _ Oberli n __ ___ __ __ ___ _ Ontario ___ __ ____ __ __ Oregon ____ ___ ______ Orrv ille__ __ ___ ___ __ _ Ottowa Hills ____ ____ Oxford __ ___ ____ ____ _ P a inesville__ __ ___ __ _ P arm a H eigh ts ____ _ P a ulding __ ______ __ _ P erry sb urg ______ ___ Piqua _____ _______ __ _ Por t Clinton ________ R avenna ___ ___ ___ __ R eading __ _______ __ _ R eynoldsburg ____ __ Rich mon d H eights_ Rittma n __ ________ __ R ocky River ___ ___ _ R ussell Township __ St. B ernard ___ _____ _ Salem __ __________ ___ Sebring __________ ___ Seven H ills _____ ____ Shad ysi,:le ___ ______ _ Sharonville __ __ ____ _ Sheffield Lake _____ _ Shelby __ _____ ____-- Sid ney ____ ___ ___ ___ _ Sil ver L ake _________ Silver ton ___ __--- - -Solon ____ ___ ____ ____ Sou th C harleston ___ Spr ingdale

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Stow ___ ___ __ ____ _____ Strongsv ille ___ -Tiffin _____ ___ __ __ -__ -_ T ipp City __ __ _____ _ Trenton ____ _____ ___ T rotwood ______--___ -- -__ --_ Troy ____ ____ Twln burg ____ ___ __ _ U nion C ity ________ _ U ni versity H eights_ U rbana __ _---- - _____ Van da lia __ ___ ___ ____ Van Wert ____ __ __ ___ W ads wort h _______ __ Wa pakoneta ______ __ Washington Court JluUSC--_________ - - - - - - - - -\Vauseon __ W averly ____---- -- -W ellington ________ _ Wells ville _________ __ West Ca rrollton ____ W ster ville _____ ___ _ Westla ke __ ____ __ ___ W ickliffe ____ ___ __ __ W illa rd _______ ____ __ W illoughby ______ ___ Willou ghby H ills ___ Willowick ___ ______ _ W ilmingtot1_- ---__ --_ W indham __ _____ W inters ville _-- -- - -Wood lawn _________ _ Wort hington __ _-- _-Wyoming __ ______ __ _ Number of police department employees 23 14 8 25 7 12 14 6 37 7 4 21 11 10 9 2"2 20 3 12 19 9 13 15 15 10 10 26 City by state OHIO-Continued X enia ________ ______ _ Ada __ _________ ____ _ Bet han y ____. ______ _ B lackwell __ ________ _ B roken Arrow ______ Checotah ____ ____ ___ Chorokeo _____ ____ __ Chiekasha ___- --- - -Olarc more ____ ___ ___ Cleveland ____ _____ _ Collinsville __ __ ___ __ Cushing_: ______ ___ _ Doi City ___ ___ _____ _ Dewey __________ __ __ D ru mrigh t ___ _____ __ D uncan __________ ___ Edmond ____ ____ ___ _ El Ren o____ ___ ___ __ Gut hrie ____ ______ ___ Healdton _________ __ Lindsay ____ _____ ___ Madill _______ ____ ___ M ~Al~ster_ ___ ______ MrnmL . ---- -- - -- --- 2 N ichols H ills _____ __ Okmulgee ____ __ __ __ P a uls Valley _______ _ Pa whuska ____ ____ __ 8 6 10 7 10 18 4 7 20 3 5 14 17 25 3 4 8 14 12 3 26 15 10 13 18 8 13 4 4 9 7 12 10 21 19 9 23 4 18 16 8 3 6 17 13 N wnbcr of police department employees 28 OKLAHOMA 18 19 7 ' Nowata ___ _________ _ Perry ____ ___ -- -- -- - - PurceU__ ____ ____ __ _ San<! Springs ___ __ __ Sapulpa _______ ____ _ T ahlequah ___ ___ ____ T ecu mseh _____ -- - -Tonkawa ________ ___ Village __ _________ ___ Vinita __ ___________ _ Warr Acres _____ ___ _ Yukon ___ ___ __ __--- - 23 18 15 12 3 3 23 13 4 4 13 18 4 7 28 15 19 14 3 6 6 28 24 10 5 18 11 12 6 9 15 19 13 5 5 11 8 9 9 OREGON Alban y _____ ____---As hland __. ____ ___ __ Astoria _- - ___

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Baker_ ___ ______ Beaverton _______ ___ Bend __ _____ ______ __ Brookings ____ __ -- __ Canby _________ ___ __ Cent ral Point_ _____ _ Coos Bay _____ ___ __ _ Coquille ____ __-- - - -Cottage Grove _____ _ Dallas ____________ __ F orest Grove _______ Grants P ass __ _____ _ Gresham ________ ____ H ermiston ____ ___ __ _ H iUsboro ___ _______ _ H ood Rh·er_ ____ __ __ K lamath Falls. __ ___ La Grande _______ __ _ La ke Oswego __ __ ___ Lebanon ___ ___ ___ ___ M ill Cit y _______ ___ _ Milton-F reewater ___ M ilwaukie. ___ __ ___ _ M yrt le Point_ ___ ___ Newberg ________ ___ _ Newport_ ______ ____ _ Nort h Bend ________ Onta rio: ___ ______ __ _ 27 16 20 16 ]fl 19 5 3 6 22 ~ 12 6 12 15 8 8 14 5 35 17 17 14 2 10 20 4 8 7 14 15 171 �Table 50.-N u mbe r of Full-Time Polic e D ep a r t m ent Employees , D e cembe r 3 1, 1965, Cities Jrl'i t h Popu lation unde r 25,000-Continued City b y sta te N um ber of police department employees OREGON- Con . P end leton _________ _ Pri neville __ ______ __ _ Red mond __ ________ _ Reeds port __ _______ _ Roseburg _______ ___ St. Helens __ _____ ___ Sand y __ __ __ _______ _ Seaside ________ __ ___ Silverto n _____ _____ _ T he Dalles ____ _____ _ Till amook __ ___ ___ -T oledo___ _---- -- - - __ West Linn ____ _____ _ Woodburn ____ ____ __ An n v ille____ _______ _ Arnold __ _____ ____ __ _ Ashland ______ __ ___ _ Athens ____________ _ Baldwi n Tom1sbip_ Barnesboro ___ ___ __ _ B eaver __ _____ - - - __ __ Bed ford _____ __ __ __ __ Bellefonte ___ __ ___ ___ Belle Vern on __ ____ __ Bellevue __ __ _______ _ Bentleyville __ __ ___ _ Berwick __ __ _____ ___ Bi rds boro _ ___ ___ __ _ Bloomsburg _____ ___ Borough T ownshi p_ Boyertown ________ _ Bradford __ __ __ _____ _ Brentwood ___ _____ _ BristoL ___________ _ B rowns v ille _____ ___ _ PENNSYLVANIAContinued 9 6 10 23 7 2 12 8 20 8 8 5 8 9 18 3 12 4 7 3 3 10 5 9 I 18 2 12 3 7 1 4 24 17 15 10 B urnh am-D err y T ownship __ ___ __ __ Bntler _____ ____ __ - __ _ Bu tler Township __ _ Caln T ow nship ___ __ Center T ownsh ip __ _ C ham bers burg _____ Churchill_ _________ _ Clairlon ___ _____ __ _ Clarion ______ __ ___ __ Clar ks Summ it ____ _ Clearfield __________ _ Clymer ______ ___ ___ _ Coaldale ________ ___ _ Colum bia __________ _ Connellsvil le ____ ___ _ Copla y _________ ___ _ Coraopolis _________ _ Corr y ___ ___________ _ Couders port_ ______ _ Crafto n _____ ___ __ __ _ Cresson ___ ____ __ ___ _ Cresson a ______ __ ___ _ C u mru T ownship __ Curwensville ____ __ _ D ale _______________ _ D allastown _____ ___ _ n an ville ____ _____ ___ D err y __ ___ _______ ___ D onora ____ _______ __ D oylestown ___ __ ___ _ D u Bois _____ ____ ___ D u nmore _____ __ ___ _ D u quesne ___ _____ _ 172 E ast Deer Township _ E ast L ansdowne ____ E ast Stro u dsburg ___ E asttown om 1sh ip _____T____ ___ __ E ast Wh iteland Townsh ip __ __ __ __ E bensbur g ____ ____ _ Ed gewood __ __ ___ __ _ Ed gewor t h _______ __ E d wardsville ___ ___ _ E li zabet htow n ____ __ E liza bet h Township __________ ____ E ll wood City ____ __ _ Enun aus ____ __ __ ___ _ Emporium ____ __ ___ _ Ephrata ____ ___ ____ _ Etna __ ___ ____ ___ ___ _ E xeter T own ship ___ Farrell__ __ ___ ___ ___ _ F ern dale _____ __ __ __ F leetwood __ ______ __ Ford C it y ______ __ __ Forest City _____ ____ Forty Fort_ _____ ___ _ Fountain Rill__ __ ___ F rack v ille __ ___ ___ __ Frank lin Township_ Freeland _________ ___ Ga llitzin _________ ___ G lass por t_ _________ _ Greens burg____ ____ _ G reen ".l"'ree. ______ __ Green ville __ ___ ____ _ Grove City ________ _ Tia m burg _________ __ l.fa m pdcn T owuship ____ ___ _____ __ TTanovcr _________ __. 2 H a tbo ro ___________ _ H ellertown ___ ____ __ H onesd ale __ ______ __ Hu mm elstown ____ __ Jlun lingdo n _______ _ G .In d iana __ __________ _ 7 35 15 2 Cambridge Springs_ Camp R ill __ _______ _ Carnegie ____ _______ _ ' u mber of police departm ent emp1oyees 15 4 22 8 24 5 3 II 2 2 9 1 3 12 10 2 12 2 l 5 2 2 2 7 2 13 g 14 ~93 I ngram ___ _________ _ J ea nnette __________ _ J efferson __ ________ __ J en k in to wn ________ _ J ersey Shore _______ _ J im Thorpe ___ _____ _ J ohnson burg __ _____ _ K en horst_ _________ _ K enned y T om 1s hip _____________ _ K on a ctt Sq uare ____ _ Ki ngstoD__ _______ __ K ul pm on t_ ________ _ L ansdnle ___ ________ _ L a nsford ____ _____ ___ L~ ;vrcnce _Park l ow nsh1p _____ ___ L eetsd ale ___ _______ _ L ebighto n _______ __ _ L em oyn e ___ __ _____ _ Lewis bm g _______ __ _ L ewis town ____ _____ _ Li gon ier_ ___ _____ ___ Liltlestown ________ _ Lock U nven _______ _ L ower A llen Township _____________ _ L ower Burre\L __ ___ L ~~ver M o_rela nd l own sh1 p ____ __ __ City by sta te N um ber of police dep ar tment em ployees PENNSYLVANI AContinued 24 PENNSYLVA NIA Ambler ____ __ ___ ____ A m bridge ______ ___ __ C it y by state 3 4 8 10 7 4 9 7 5 5 5 16 9 3 10 8 4 22 3 I 5 2 6 6 4 6 3 5 10 28 11 10 6 4 20 12 7 6 I 10 16 5 21 9 15 4 4 4 2 ID 5 20 2 18 4 4 4 6 3 5 17 2 2 16 6 8 10 L ower Providen ce Towns hip ___ __ ___ L ower Sou t hampton T owns hip ____ ___ _ M a hanoy City ___ ___ M arcus Rook __ ____ _ M a rple T ownship __ M a rysville _______ __ _ l\1cAdoo ___________ _ Mc Cand less Towns hip ___ ___ _____ __ _ Mc Connells bu rg ____ McKees Rock s __ ___ J\1I cSherr ystown ___ _ M ead v ille _______ __ _ M echanicsb urg __ ___ M ed ia ____ ___ ____ __ _ Meyersdale ___ ____ __ Mi lton _______ ___ ___ _ Miners v ille ____ ____ _ Monessen __________ _ M onongahela ______ _ M on tours ville ___ ___ M orrisville ________ _ l\'l ount P enn ____ ___ _ Mou nt P leasa n t ___ _ M ount Un ion _______ Mu h len berg __ T own______ _____ _ s hip M unh a lL __________ _ M yerstown ________ _ N an t icok e ___ ______ _ N ether P rovid en ce T owns hip _______ _ N ew B righ ton __ ___ _ New Cu m bcrlancl __ N e w E a!!lc ____ _____ _

\Tew Holla nd ______ _

New K ens in gton ___ _ N orth B elle Vernon_ N orth Catasa uqua __ Nor t h E ast_ _______ _ N or t h Sewickley 'l"'o"· ns hip _______ _ 17 9 8 28 6 3 16 I 19 I 23 5 12 4 9 5 21 12 2 IO 4 II 4 7 25 2 13 10 8 7 2 2 32 2 3 4 Nort h Versa illes To wns hi p _______ _ Oi l City _____ ______ _ Ol ypha nt ______ ___ __ P a lm er To wn s h ip __ P alm yra _______ ____ _ Pen brook _________ __ P enn T ow nship 8~-i~~;t:!~~-~--- Pcnn Tow ns h ip (Yor k Coun t y) __ _ P i tcairn ___________ _ P leasa nt H ills _____ _ P lym out h ___ ___ ___ _ Portage ____ ------ -PortA llegan y __ __ _ P or t Car bo n __ __ ___ _ Potts ville __________ _ Pros pect P a rk _____ _ Pun xsu ta wney ___ ___ Qua kertown __ _____ _ R epu blic ________ __ R eser ve T ow nsh ip __ R ey nolds v ille ___ ___ _ Richla nd Town s hip _____________ _ R oches ter ___ _______ _ R ock led ge _________ _ R osslyn F arms Borough _________ _ Royersford _____ __ __ 14 24 6 6 6 3 5 2 3 16 l :l 2 2 2 29 5 12 9 2 3 3 5 8 I I 4 �Table 50. - N umber of Full- Ti,ne Police D epar tme nt Em ployees, Dece mber 31 1965, Cities TPith Population unde r 25,000-Con t in u ed ' City by state N um ber of police department employees I l i •I ~ t 'l Township ____ ___ _ Springfield T owns hip _______ ___ __ __ Spring Garden Tow ns hi p __ __ ___ _ Spri ng Townshi p ___ S tee! ton ____ _____ __ _ Stowe T ownship _ __ Stroudsburg ___ ___ __ Sugar . 'otch. ______ _ Summit H iJI.. _____ _ Su nbury . . _. . _· · ·-·· Swarthmore _______ _ Tamaqua . . - ---··-· Taylor .. ________ ____Telford _____ ___ __ __ _ Titusville ______ ___ __ Trafford. __· --- - - --T urt le Creek ___ "- - · Tyrone _______ ____ __ Cnion C ity _____ ___ _ U niontown ______ __ _ U pper Cl1 ichester Towns hip ___ ____ _ U pper Dublin Township . ___ - --· -pper Gwynedd Tow nship _____ __ _ U ppcr i\'lerion To,n1s hip. _.. ___ _ t:pper ~'lorcland T ownship ___ _____ u pper Saucon T o wns hip ___ ___ __ U pper Southampton Township ___ _ ,· a ndergrift _______ __ \ ·crOIHL -- - -- - - ---- - - \ "ersailles ___---- - --\\°ashin~ton ____ ____ _ Weatherl y ____ ___ _- \l"Plls horo ________ --\Yest C hester ____ ___ \\"est Goshen T ownship ______ __ West llomesteacL_ - \\"est L a mpeter Township _. __ ---- West m ont Borougl1\.Vcst Newton.-----\Vest Norri ton Township __ - - ---West P ittston _____ __ N w nber of police department em ployees 5 2 4 32 8 7 5 5 3 2 8 2 2 3 1 1 1 West Reading ______ _ West View __ ____ ____ Whi tehall_ _________ _ Whiteba ll Town- _ ship _____________ Whitem arsh_________ Town- _ ship ____ Whitpa in T ownship ___ ______ ___ ___ Wi lkins Township __ Wi lliam stown ______ _ T own- _ Willistown s hip __ ___________ Wilson Borou gh __ __ Wind ber _____ _____ __ Winton Bora___ ____ _ Wyomi ng ____ ____ __ _ \Vyo111issing _ _ __ ____ Yea don ____________ _ Zelienople __ _______ _ 6 8 17 16 18 7 6 2 6 5 5 3 2 11 18 9 2 4 8 26 12 6 13 14 9 2 3 12 7 9 4 1 10 3 19 8 3 35 7 20 8 33 23 2 11 9 6 3 31 2 4 21 8 14 1 5 2 7 JO RHODE ISLAND Barrington ____ _____ _ Br istol.. __ __ _______ _ Burrillville ________ _ C wnberland __ ____ __ E ast G reenwich ____ .Tan1estown ___ ______ Johnston ___ _______ __ Lincoln _________ ___ _ Narragansett ____ ___ North K ingstown - _ North Smithfield __ _ Portsmouth __ __ _-- - South K ingstown_ - West War wick __ - _ - - 19 Newberry . -- - - ---- - Nor t h Augu sta_ - - - Orangeburg __ _-- -- -Travelers Rest- ---- - \-\'i nnsboro .. - - - -- -- - 6 25 13 5 24 16 15 30 6 11 21 29 6 16 12 21 13 18 19 20 37 19 14 23 13 18 JO 34 3 JO SOUTH DAKOTA Belle Fourche ___ ___ _ Brookings_ - - - -- - , __ Canton- -- - --- - - - - - Cham!Jerlain_ - -- - - Hot Sprin gs_- - - - - - F[uron ___ - ---- -----Lead ---- -- - - --- - -- -Madison_ - - - ----- -- Mitchell - - - - - - --- - -Sisseton --- - -- - - - - - -Spearfisl1- - - - - --- -- Ver million ------ - --Watertown ____ -- - - -- Alcoa __ __ ____ ______ _ Bristol.. ____ ___ ____ _ Clar ksville ___ __ _____ Clinton __ ____ ___ __ __ Columbia ___ __ _____ _ Dyersburg____ _____ _ Etowa h _______ __ ___ _ Greeneville _____ ___ _ La Follette ____ _____ Lebanon _____ ______ _ Lenoir City ___ _____ _ Lex ington ____ ___ ___ Mar yville ____ ___ ___ _ Millington ______ ____ i\1 urfrees boro ____ ____ police depar tment employees 7 17 3 5 8 18 5 12 18 4 10 10 16 12 25 43 26 23 6 24 5 19 10 10 orris __ _______ ___ __ Paris____ ____ _____ __ 17 14 30 l 15 R ed OakBan ____k-\Yhite _____ __ ___ Rockwood ________·__ Savannah ___ _____ ___ Shelbyville ____ ____ _ Signal Mountain ____ Springfield ___ __ ___ __ Sweetwater _____ __ __ Union City _______ __ 10 20 17 15 7 18 21 SOUT H CAR OLINA Andrews __ ________ _ Bea ufort- - - - - - - -- -- Bennettsviile - - - -___ - --_ Camden __ __ ____ C hester ___ __- - -----Con way __ -- - -- -- - - Darlington ____ __-- - Gaffney __ _- - -- - - - - Greenwood- - - - -- - - Greer_ - - - - - - - - - - - - - L ake City - - - - - -- - - L aurens_ - - - - -- - - - - Marion __ __ - - - - -- -- - - N umber of . City by state TENNESSEE P ENNSYLVANI AContinu e d PEN N SYLVANIAContinued St. Marys ________ __ _ Salis bury Township ___ ____ __ ___ __ Selinsgrove ______ __ _ Sharon __ __ _________ _ Sharon ·run ____ __ ___ Shar psburg _______ __ Sh ar psviUe ____ _____ Shillington ____ _____ _ S latington _____ ___ __ Slip pery Rock _____ _ Somerset____ __ ___ __ _ Sou th G reensburg __ South L ebanon Township __ ___ __ _ Sou t hmont_ __ _____ _ Sou thwest G reens- _ b urg __ __ _________ Spangler_ ______ __ ___ Speers Bora ___ __ __ _ Spri ng City ___ ____ _ Spri ngdale _______ ___ Springettsbury City by state 8 6 TEXAS Alamo Heights ____ _ Alpine __ __ ____ ______ A n drews _____ ____ __ _ Aransas P ass _____ __ Athens ____ _____ __ __ Atlanta ___ _________ _ B a Uinger _____ _____ _ Belton __ __ _____ ___ __ Borger_ ______ ______ _ Brady __ _______ ___ __ Brownwood ____ ___ _ Canadian ______ _• __ _ Ca rrollton ____ ______ Carthage ___ _______ _ Castle Hills __ _____ __ Cisco __ __ ____ ______ _ Cleburne ___ _____ -- · g~f!~1~!/~!'.~-::::::: College Station_. ___ Comanche. __ ______ _ Conroe _____ ______ __ Corsicana . . ___ __ ___ _ Crockett__ _____ _____ Daingerfield _______ _ Dalhart ____ ___ ______ Deer Park ______ ___ _ Denver City ______ __ D immitt_ __ _______ __ Donna__ ________ ___ _ Dublin ___ _______ ___ Dumas ___ ________ __ Duncanvi lle __ ____ __ Eagle P ass ______ ____ Eastland ___ ______ __ _ E dinburg___ _______ _ E lectra ___ . ________ _ Ennis __ ____________ _ Euless _______ __ ____ _ Farmers Branch . __ _ Freeport_ __ _____ ___ _ Ga ines ville. ____ ___ _ Georgetown ____ ___ _ G iddings __________ _ Gilmer_ __ __ -------Gonzales ___ ____ ____ _ Graham ___ _____ - · __ Grapevine ____ ___ .· - 15 4 10 11 13 4 7 8 24 7 24 3 14 g 0 fi I fi 7 7 4 17 28 5 4 5 13 7 3 6 3 13 JO 14 5 16 8 10 13 25 15 20 6 1 f, 13 5 173 �Table 50.- Nii,nber of Fnll-Tim,e Police Depart,ne nt Employees, Decem ber 31, 1965, Cities W i th Popula tion under 25,000- Continued City by state Number of police depar tment employees TEXAS-Continu e d Greenville __ ______ __ u ·earne_- - ------ -- -H enderson __ _______ _ Uereford __ __ __ _____ _ Highlfincl Park ____ _ H ills boro ___ ______ __ Hurs t__ _________ __ __ Ingleside_______ ____ _ Iowa Park _____ ____ _ Jacinto City_ - - --- -Kerm it_ _________ ___ Kerr ville ____ ______ _ K ilgore __ _- · -·-- -··L a ke .Tackson . __ . . . _ Lake Worth __ . __._ . Lamesa __.. ----· -· -Lewis ville ___ .. . . . · Livingsto n ___ _· -· -·Lufkin_._... · - · - ·· · McGregor_ __·· ·- · · iV!cKinney __ __. __ __. M creed es . . ·- ·· ·- · ·· IVl cxin.. _____ _-- --- - Mincola _. _···-·-- -· ?vl ission ________ --- - M ount Pleasan t_ __. M ulcshoe. .... ___ __ . Nacogdoches ___ ____ _ Ncclcrlancl _____ ._ ·-New Braunfels. ___ _. North Richland H ills ______ _·· ·- · -O imos Park . . ___ . __ Palacios ____ . ___ __ __ ~a les tino. ___ . __.. -1 nr1s. _____ ___ ___ ___ P ecos ___ ···-·-·- .... P lainview . ________ _ P lauo____ ______ ____ _ Raymond ville __._. Refni,:io. -... _.. _... _ Richland Hills __. __ . Richmond . __ .·- .... Robstown ___·-·-- -· Rockdale• . '. .. ·-.·-Rosen berg. _____ . - . . Rusk __ -----· .. ... . . San Benito ... _. __ . _ San M arcos __._ .. __ _ Seminole_. . __··---· Slaton . _·· - ----. ___ _ Sou t h H ouston ___ __ Sta mford _· - -----·-· Ste phen ville. ·---·-Sweetwater _. -- - -·-T a ft. . --·-······· ·-'l'errclL . ·- · ·- -- --- T ulia ____ ___ _______ _ U va lck .. _... ______ _ V ernon . ____ ___ __ ___ W a xahachie .. __·--Wea therford .. ___ ... Weslaco. __. ---··--White Settlement __ _ Win ters ... . _______ _ Yoakum ___ .--·-- -·- 174 Number of police department employees UTAH- Con tinued 22 6 15 14 26 11 22 ~ 4 14 15 11 17 7 7 17 8 2 25 5 24 8 9 5 14 9 i 17 8 lG 15 6 3 15 28 12 35 13 10 8 9 4 ID 8 10 2 12 12 9 9 l? 5 10 21 2 14 4 I? Ii 17 14 13 12 3 4 UTAH American Fork. ___ _ RountifuL . ___ ____ __ n elper_. ... .. __ ____ _ M id vale _________ __ _ M oa b. -.- --··· - -- - - ' orth Ogden ____ ___ Orem ·--- ·___ -·--__--__--__ --_ P ark City C ity b y state G 14 4 G ,5 1 20 3 Roy . . . _.. _. . _._ .. . . St . Georgc __. __ . ____ Sa ncl y __ __ ._ . . _._ . . . South Ogden .. __ . __ Sunset_ __ .··--·- - . .. Tooele.·--. __ ·--.· - Verna l. ___ ·--. -- - - - · WASHINGTONContinue d 5 1 5 4 13 6 Franklin _____ _____ __ Fredericksburg ___ __ Front Royal. _____ __ H arrison burg. ___ ___ Hopewell. .. ···-- --Lexington __ ___ ·---Luray ___-·. · ----· -l\lfanassas ... ____ ---M arion . _.----- - -· - Morton art in ____________ \'ille _---· ---_ Poquoson .. . . ___ ·--· Pulas kL. _. __ ._ · ··-R adford ___ ---·--- . . Salem ·-·· · ··-------· Saltville ___· --. ____ _ Sou t h B oston _... __ _ J-!.~t~~.-.~::::: :::::: Warren ton ..... __ ... Wn;,u eshoro. ·· ··-·Willia ms burg __ ·--·Wimhestcr. . ···- -· - 6 9 1 3 3 9 7 i 2 11 6 10 r. 13 9 25 l4 5 3 i 10 1i 14 29 15 20 Hoquiam ______ ____ _ Ke lso _____ _______ . __ K ennewick __ ______ _ K ent_ __ ___ __ · - - ·-- Kirklan d __ ___ _____ _ L yn den .. . · - - - · -- -· Lynnwood __ . ______ _ Marys \"ille _. ________ Mercer I sland __ ___ _ M oses L a ke ·-·· · --- · Mountla.ke T errace . M ount Vernon _ . ... Oa k H arbor ___ ____ _ Pasco_. _____ · - -- --- Port Angeles .. _____ _ Port Orchard ___ ___. Port T own sencl-- .- Pullrnan . . .. ___ _____ Puyallup __ ___ ______ R a ymond . __ _____ . __ R enton _____ . . . ____ _ Selah __ . __ _____ ____ _ Shelton . __ _________ _ Sn oh omish ._. ____ ___ Smrnysiclc __ _____ · - T oppen ish . ___ _____ . T own of M ercer Isla u cl . ___ ____ ____ Tumwater _________ . Washou gaL _. . ____ _ Wenatehee . ________ _ 2G 14 WEST VIRGINIA 5 9 Rcnwoocl ___·-- ____ _ Bluc ne lcl.. ... __·- ·-R r icl!!rpor t . ____ ... __ C harles Town __ _. __ C hester __ ___ ·-··· -. _ D unba r ___ _. ______ __ Follans bee ____ - ---- . Hinton __ _____ _____ _ 13 3~ 10 4 I ii 17 22 7 I 30 9 10 27 17 3'.l l ~C'YS('r _________ ____ _ Kingwood ______ ___ _ M art ins b urg __ . ____ _ M cMechen . . ______ _

M orga n tow n __ ··---N it ro_. __ ______ ____ _

Poin t P leasan t . . ___ _ R a vens wood .. _____ _ Ri ploy __ ____·-·--- -pC'nrcr _______ ____ __ WASHINGTON Ab rclcen · ·-· -· ·---. Anacortes .... ·-·-·-Au burn . ______ . ____ _ Bellc n1c ·---·------Rurliugton ...... ___ _ Ca mas ___ ________ ___ Ccnt ra li11 __-· ·- __ ___ Cheha lis ._. __ ··--·-Ch ney· - - -- ·-- - ---Cla rkstou . _______ ·-Cle E lum ___ ·- ·-- · - Clyde llUI T own ___ Colfax ____ ____ ______ College Place __ · --- Col\' ille._ . . ___ ____ __ Des Moincs· -··-- - -E cl moncls . ____ . ___._ Ellens b urg _·- · _____ . Enun1claw ___ ______ _ Ephra t a __ __ ___ ____ _ F ircrest. ____ ____ ___. Grandview __ ______ _ Ii VIRGINIA Abingclon ._ . __· · - - _. Altavista __ ____ _____ Bedford .· · · - -- ·- . . __ B ig Stone Ga p __. __ _ Bristol.. __ . __ ____ ___ Buena Vista ____ __ . _ Chase City - -· ··---· Chincoteague ___ ·- - Christians burg ..... . Clifton Forge ______ _ Co\'i.ngton ____ _____ _ Number of police d epar t ment employees 9 VERM ONT Brattleboro . _..... · Essex J unction __ __ . _ H a rtford __ ____ ··-- · M a nches ter __ ___. _. . M anchester Center _ Miclcllebury_ - - · -- ·Montpelier_ _. _____ _ N ewport ___ __ ·- - ---Nor t h field. ·----__ --_ Randolph ___- -_____ St. Alba ns .- ... __ ___ South Burlington . __ W indsor_- - - - - ·-·- -· Winoos ki_ __ . __. _. __ City by state 27 9 24 2, 4 0 17 10 3 7 3 2 4 Vienna ___ _·--·--- -Williamstown _ - -- - · G 5 4 25 14 10 II 5 15 I(\ 20 17 13 3 1:1 6 J., 18 Jr. 11 s 21 19 10 r, Hi 19 G 41 3 12 9 10 12 3 9 4 32 22 3 i 2 0 Ii f, 12 3 it) 3 2i n Ii i 4 3 ,) 4 WISCONSIN Algoma . __ . . .. . ____ _ Ant igo···-- · -···--·As hla ncl __ ___ . ·- _..• Bayside .... . _.·-- __ _ Beaver D a m ... ___ __ Berlin __ _· --- --·-· · Blar k Ri ve r Falls ... Burlington ...... ___ _ Cedarburg . ___ __ ___ _ Chilton _____ __ _____ _ 5 14 14 11 20 $ 4 la IO 3 �Table 50 . -Num,be r of Fu l l- T i m,e P o l ice D ep a r t m,e n t Employees Decembe r 31 1965, C ities With P opulatio n unde r 25,000-Contin~ed C ity by state Number of police dep artment employees WISCONSIN- Con. Chippewa F alls ____ _ Clinton , Ille ___ _____ _ Col nm bu s __ _______ _ Cornell_ __ ___ __ ____ _ Cudahy ____ _______ _ Dodge,ille ____ ___ __ _ Elkhorn ___________ _ Elm Gro,e. ______ __ E\'ansville .. ----- --Fox Point_ ___ ____ __ Franklin ___________ _ G len da le __ __ .... ___ _ G ra fton .... . _______ _ G reendale . _____ ___ _ Greenfield ____ _--- - Hales Corners. ___ - _ H art lord .... -------Horicon ...... - - - - - -Hudson ____ ------ - - Hurley ____ ---- -- --Je fferson _____ . - __ - - . Kanka una. _. _... - . Kewaunee ____ __ ___ _ Kiel_ __ ---- - ------ -Kimberly ..... ---- -L a ke Gen e,·a .. ----Lake M ills .... -- ---Lancaster ___ _-- - -- -Little Chutc.------Mar inctte ___ _---- -Marshfield ..... _. - - Mayville . ___ ------ M enasha .. __ ------lWenomonee Falls ... 21 8 4 3 28 3 6 9 7 20 13 25 6 13 15 10 9 4 6 4 7 13 3 4 4 13 3 4 4 18 25 4 28 23 . City by state Number of police department employees C ity by state WISCONSIN- Con. WISCONSIN- Con. M enomonie .. -- ----M e quon ... .... ----M errill ____ .. ____ ___ Middleton _________ _ Monona_-- ---- ---- Monr oe .... ----- ---Neenah ......... ___ _ N e koosa .......... .. New Holstein ...... . New Richmon d ___ __ Oa k Creek ......... . Oconomowoc ____ __ _ Ona laska ___ _.. _.. .. Pesht igo .. . ...... _.. P la tte ville _...... --Plymou t h ____ ______ _ Port W ashmgton __ P ra irie d u Chien ... . Reedsb urg.... - ... .. R hinelander _. __._ .. Rice Lake ____ .... .. Richland Cen ter .. .. Ripon __ _.. .. - .... .. River Falls . ....... River H iJ!s. _- -- ---Rothschild .. - ---. ___ St. Francis ... __- .... Schofield ..... ------Sbawano ...... ----- Shc bOygan F alls .. .. S hore wood ........ -Sou t h Milwaukee .. . Sparta .. ...... - - - . -Spooner ...... - - - - - - - Stevens Point....... Stoughton . .. _.. _.. _ ~tnrgeon Bay....... un P ratr1e __ _____ __ Tomah. __ ...... ___ _ Two Ri vers __ ______ _ Viroqua. ___ _..... __ W atcrrord . ____ .. _.. Watertown . ___ ___ _. Waupaca __ _______ __ Wa upnn .......... -West Bend __ ______ _ West Milwaukee __ _ Whitefish Bay .... .. W'l1ite water . .... __ . _ Wisconsin R apids ... 14 13 16 7 11 15 35 5 3 5 23 12 2 4 10 7 10 6 10 15 11 8 8 6 12 3 9 4 10 6 27 29 10 5 ' Nwnber of police depar tment employees 28 11 9 5 y 23 4 3 20 8 10 17 24 27 13 31 WYOMING Buffalo.. . __ ........ Evanston ___ _____ ___ Gillette ........... - Grecn Ri\·er. .. _.. .. Lander_ .. .... _.... . L aramie... _.. _.. .. _ Newcastle _.... .. __ _ Powell.. .......... .. Rawlins ___ ...... _.. River ton ___ _______ __ Rock Springs _____ __ Sheridan ..... ---. __ _ Ther mopolis ....... _ Torrington ..... _.. .. Worland .......... .. 5 5 14 6 13 25 0 11 10 15 18 rn 9 10 13 175 �Table 51.-Nu mbe r of Offenses Known to the Po lice, 1965, Cities a nd Town s 25,000 and O ve r in Population C rim ina l homicide City I ndex total L a rceny the ft Murd er and Mannon- slaughnegli- te r by gen t n egli111811gence slaughte r - - - - -- Cities over £50,000 in p opulation Akron, Ohio _______ ____ 5,846 Albuquerq ue, N. Mex . 5, 646 At lanta, Ga __ ___ ___ __ _ 13,529 B a lt imore, M d .1____ ___ 26, 193 B irmin gham, A la ___ ___ 8, 746 14 13 100 131 56 Bost on , M ass ___ ____ __ 22, 542 Buffa lo, N.Y ___ _______ 9. 833 C hicago, IlL __ ___ ____ _ 103, 343 C in cinnat i, Ohio __ ____ 6, 076 C leveland , Ohio __ _____ 16, 697 Colum bus , Oh io __ ____ _ D a llas , T ex ________ ____ D ayton , Ohio _______ __ D enver , Colo __ ________ Detr oit, M ich ____ ____ _ 17 20 F orcib le ra pe Robbery B urA ggra- glaryva t ed b reakassa ul t ing or entering S50 and over U n de r $50 Au t 0 t heft - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- 66 28 31 40 11 5 260 44 395 41 108 43 I 209 37 23 50 1,223 122 149 14, 888 10, 920 15,830 5, 543 13, 688 48,599 31 11 6 27 37 188 28 90 9 15 33 77 137 51 139 648 517 592 343 757 5. 498 424 547 3,728 5,130 7, 715 2,595 5. 861 18, 460 E l P aso, T ex _____ _____ 5. 243 For t W orth, T ex_ _____ 7, 172 Hon olulu , H awaii_ ____ 9,28 1 H ouston , T ex_ ___ ----- 25. 238 Dl cl ian ap olis. In d ______ 13. 555 2, 725 6. 11 0 1. 9 11 2, 256 18, 712 3. 694 9 9 5, 038 I.I 14 3, 207 7. 554 3.1 40 7, 416 25, 083 12, 661 8 57 13 139 41 8 4 32 70 6 121 143 164 392 103 ! , 434 ! , 051 360 388 100 2, 314 518 2,927 3. 955 4,652 12. 860 5, 69 1 8 13 6. 378 959 9, 397 2, 171 5, 673 4. 380 13. 066 2, 474 8. 19 1 J ersey C ity, N.L ___ __ Kansas City , ~1[ 0 __ ____ Lon g Deneb , Ca li f. ____ L os An geles , Ca lif _____ Lou.isv illc, 1ry ___ ______ 3, 582 16,866 11,550 121. 359 11, 328 14 2 71 18 249 52 41 14 199 21 16 209 113 ! , 268 52 121 1,212 719 8, 016 633 Mem ph is , T enn ____ ___ Miami, F la _____ _______ Milwau kee, Wis ___ ____ ~1inn ea polis, 1inn __ __ Nash v ille, T enn ___ ____ 12, 295 13, 903 JO, 361 14, 657 8,796 41 46 27 23 55 32 18 25 9 34 63 70 33 49 58 1, 136 214. 924 280 481 1,647 477 603 07 ewark, N .J __________ 19, 706 New Orleans, La _____ _ 16,62 1 New Y ork , N.Y __ ____ 187, 795 orfoLk , Va _______ ___ _ 7, 128 Oakland, Cali f_ ___ __ __ 11,647 f,8 87 631 24 32 67 32 50 28 25 162 11 9 1, 154 50 66 ! , 515 1,065 8, 904 314 795 1, 99 1 979 16, 325 911 580 Oklahom a C it y , Okla _ 7,1 25 Omaha, N ebr_ __ ______ 5,752 P hiladelphia, P a ______ 33, 11 3 P hoenix, Ariz ___ ______ 14, 752 P it ts burgh , P a __ ______ 18, 495 Portland, Oreg __ __ ___ . 10,454 R oches ter , N,'y ___ ____ 4,988 Sacram ent o,\ Calif_ __ __ 8, 848 St. Louis, i o . ________ 25, 750 St. P aul , Minn ________ 8,905 27 16 205 30 40 39 19 125 4.2 41 64 28 535 110 152 488 253 2, 893 490 1,373 371 30 4, 408 766 1, 108 3, 773 2, 711 12, 318 6, 273 6, 001 556 6, 590 1, 130 6. 389 4. 755 15. 085 4, 727 10, 802 3,833 4,169 1, 846 1. 5 4 7, 999 9 356 ' 5: 988 40 58 44 76 323 62 573 187 434 2,293 362 282 106 22 1 4, 018 2, 400 3. 522 12. 661 no 3, 752 7. 685 l , 356 4,684 2, 716 5,66 1 2,533 27, 736 1,940 4, 748 1. 757 793 I . 856 5. 546 1, 986 94 44 85 30 78 336 367 2,087 11 6 516 1, 380 479 1,830 115 394 7, 161 3,165 11 , 535 3, 327 4,965 4,165 JO, 461 4. 372 9. 2"22 3,975 17, 663 I , 01 6 10, •Jul 3, 938 8,601 15 14 19 40 45 26 29 140 525 487 135 183 2,881 718 307 236 335 2,635 4, 305 3. 096 2, 054 2, 270 9,886 2, 197 2, 311 1,092 I , 929 4, 153 5,533 7, 851 6,632 4, 182 8, 423 942 1, 161 82G 1, 159 5, 61 9 24 32 122 261 2,271 1, 238 6,268 812 San An ton io, 'l'cx ___ __ Sa n Diego, CaliL ___ __ San F rancisco, Calif_ __ an Jose, C alif. __ _____ Seat t le, Was h ______ ___ _ 15, 222 JO, 25 1 26, 924 6,066 11,826 T am pa, F la ______ _____ 8,753 T oledo, Oh io __________ 7, 427 T ucson, Ariz __________ 4, 379 Tulsa, Okla . __________ 5, 917 Wash ingto n , D. C ______ 25, 462 Wich it a, K ans ____ ___ __ 4, 747 176 57 16 14 12 23 138 7 53 2G 57 10 24 26 20 10 12 148 11 44 1 38 20 -- -----16 44 29 97 54 70 21 13 15 22 77 410 208 417 2, 109 299 124 535 903 3,830 793 ! , 109 930 418 10, 382 651 1. 288 381 317 1,832 344 529 ! , 320 184 ! , 180 505 9. 211 477 2,256 37 2,2 12 3, 127 4. 820 7, 393 3, 741 ! , 477 4, 444 777 6. 057 4, 200 8. 168 7, 053 10, 383 2, 644 4, 316 1. 578 946 2, 974 5, 417 1. 169 ' 4. 68 1 2, 775 3, 450 12. 9 13 3,899 2, 359 4. 143 2. 710 30,020 17,38 0 51. 178 29, 055 2,451 ! , 656 7. 027 8 38 7, 374 1, 025 11. 993 4, 921 g 3g 1. 351 2. I 46 3, 990 3, 637 955 137 358 2, 155 7. 219 3,921 10, 559 3. 054 4, 939 2,753 4,522 2. 503 50, 771 29, 708 4.2. 600 22. I ~6 4, 138 3,864 4, 757 2. 107 6, 24 6, 460 2, 433 6. 855 4,020 3,613 3, 167 3,841 3,4 18 1,802 4,912 6, 177 9, 490 8,645 2, 099 1. f, 05 !, 377 3, 33G ' 2, 785 1, 774 7,924 3,548 5, 372 4, 498 5, 798 3,953 5, 331 4, 620 51, 072 74. 983 40, 799 34, 72G 2. 882 l , 748 5.196 1. 190 5,14 1 2, 773 8,080 21 260 4, ., 033 'i'. 798 7. 355 l , 45:.? l. 911 �Table 51.-N um,be r of Offe nses Known to t he Police, 1965, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population- Continued L arcenyt heft C riminal homicide Index total City Murde r Manand non- slau ghnegli- tcr by negligent gence mansla u ghte r - -- Forcib le rape R obbery B urAggra- glaryv atecl breakassault ing or entering $50 a nd over --- --- - - - --- - -- - -- Au to Unde r t heft 50 --- - - Cities 100,000 to 1!50,000 in population 9 21 4 5 17 49 109 35 63 87 82 311 25 184 87 757 850 445 1, 063 2, 056 429 932 l, 182 351 1, 720 98 1 2,303 2,755 67 289 137 284 468 6 3 5 4 8 18 27 20 21 54 105 9 31 165 161 476 144 290 89 1, 007 1,860 1, 824 889 I , 659 l , 208 571 l , 597 197 523 2, 391 5, 259 3, 649 I , 657 4, 009 366 556 383 166 394 8 11 7 1 46 5 2 6 2 3 5 26 14 2 30 78 228 66 16 271 74 125 54 21 729 l , 584 I , 373 738 287 2. li77 626 503 602 302 l , 414 1,392 1,229 I. 547 l. 555 2,762 952 658 324 209 624 3. 020 2,488 2, 184 4. 750 2,251 30 15 13 19 9 9 1 8 20 17 8 18 7 94 53 47 121 106 148 171 43 509 32 1,585 1,082 939 1,9 12 723 322 751 588 I , 702 850 L. 205 1,863 1,233 2,576 3,320 821 399 546 477 529 3,207 1,407 2.806 I. 693 3/ 47 7 7 1 4 16 2 10 5 4 3 17 I 4 97 38 170 101 93 28 24 247 55 175 1,344 665 1,390 699 l , 577 l , 200 403 365 34 1 1, l3 l 3,096 I. 570 1,485 1, 446 2, 207 7. 013 3, 748 2,846 5. 848 3. 04 0 16 8 2 10 2 17 12 13 4 62 15 5 11 31 7 135 129 189 67 1,296 296 15/i 122 87 2,140 l, 907 927 2. 155 1,502 2,332 1,030 l , 184 2, 102 984 3,799 2,670 3, 01 4. 4/i7 I, 700 850 361 434 I. 265 3 7 22 I 9 JO 3 21 3 9 11 11 48 10 27 17 9 558 80 143 58 99 573 38 11 5 028 132 l , 728 1, 111 1,355 672 702 I , 570 848 1.032 771 40 2, 439 1,776 2,538 l , 844 l , 510 I , 235 5, 734 2. 596 3,330 2,838 2.362 11 JO 19 5 18 7 3 3 2 8 7 10 22 11 II 36 145 40 37 32 52 257 602 95 143 688 1,529 3,942 3. 349 1. 393 l. 568 l , 910 I, 032 67 1 845 /i75 8 14 1, 179 393 305 1. 098 3, 038 l , 757 l , 297 1, 77 160 796 45;; 181 214 6. 627 3. 167 2,783 3,14 1 2,4 17 35 16 21 7 JO 40 26 l6 13 13 622 14 3 65 42 128 419 370 264 99 132 3,221 1,512 l, 453 1,1 63 781 1,659 574 520 l , 163 871 4,339 1,991 1,823 2,769 1,857 63 1 526 444 6M 482 2 14 6 19 2 13 9 152 50 89 13 83 l , 434 3, 672 3,072 2. 74 1 I, 576 ~79 221 Zi2 14 /i44 l, 293 1, 391 1, 350 533 656 1,439 I , 106 664 704 2, 755 2, 949 2,492 I , 701 2,504 127 367 270 323 304 340 60 109 141 2, 985 1, 169 1,096 1, 037 1,101 1,069 884 1,.025 1,935 I , l04 2,022 1,788 546 401 641 980 275 l Alban y , N . Y __ _______ _ Alexandria, Va ______ __ All entown, P a ______ __ A marillo, T ex _________ ~na beim, Calif_ ____ ___ 1. 901 2. 210 I , 077 2,538 3,901 3 4 2 7 4 5 5 A.rlington , Va _______ __ 2,819 3. 614 4,076 l . 594 2, 855 5 19 10 13 4 C amden, N.J ___ ___ ___ _ C anton . Ohio _____ ____ _ C"edar R a pids , Iowa.. C harlotte, N .C .. ----- · B ri chreport, Con n __ __ _ 3, 327 2,924 1, 805 838 5,691 C hattanooga. T e nn .. - . C olumbia, S.C ........ C ol u mbus, Qa_ .. .... - C orpus Ch rL~ti. Tex .. _ D ear born . :Vl iclL------ D es :Vloines. Iowa ____ Minn __ ___ --- E lizabeth. N .J. ___ -- -.rie, Pa _______________ F vansv ille, Ind-- -- ---. lint. Mich __ ___ ______ 1" F ort L a uderdale. Fla_ I' ort Wayne. Ind- ___ F rcsno. Calif __ u nrden Gro,·e, Calif. _- A ustin, T ex ___ ___ ___ __ I3aton Rouge, L a ____ __ r-Jeaw11ont, T ex ____ ___ B erkeley, CaliL ___- __ _ I) uluth, 1, (l ary, Ind ________ (l lcnclale, Calif _

rand R apids, Mich u rce nsboro, N .C _____ (l lJ ammond, Ind _____ _ an1pton , Va rr artfo rd. Conn ___ _____ 11 IL unts,·ille, Ala ___ ____ fn dependence. Mo ____ J a c kson, :vliss ____ .. _ .l acksonville, Fla ____ K unsas City, Kans _ K noxville, 'J'c1111- __ ____ l,a nsing, Mich --- --L,is Vegas, Nev ----- Li ncoln, Nebr ________ Li ttleRock. Ark ____ Lu bbock, Tex_ _____ ___ Ma con, Ga ____ ________ Ma clisoa, Wis __________ 11 4 l 20 3 7

io19

3

1 16

--7

Ii 24 11 28 28 24 I 6 28 5 43 20 5 17 19 5, 135 23 Mo bile, Ala __ __ 2,64 1 2 2· Mo ntgomcry, A Ja.1__ __ 2. 366 10 2 Ne w Bedford, Mass ____ 2, 735 w Haven, Conn __ __ 6 11 Ne 2,389 Ne w p ort Ncws 1 Va ____ , Figures not co mparable with p rior years. 132 75 38 19 179 254 323 620 475 539 550 515 274 620 491 472 508 649 382 577 177 221 - 746- 66-- 13 �Table 51. - Numb er of Offe n se s Know n to t h e Police, 1965, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Pop u lation- Co n tinu ed C rim inal hom icide C ity Index t otal L arceny theft Murd er and Mannon- slanghnegli- te r by n egligent 1nangen ce slau ght er Forcib le ra pe - - - - -- - -- - Rob bery -- - C iti es 100 ,000 to !!50,000 i11 p opul at ion- Con . N iagara F alls, N. Y __ __ Orlando, Fla _____ _____ P asadena, C alif__ ______ Paterson , N .L ___ _____ Peoria, Ill_ _______ _____ 1,618 2, 644 3, 425 2,699 3,215 4 13 4 9 4 Portsmou t h, Va ___ ____ Prov idence, R. L ______ R aleigh, N.C _______ ___ R eading, Pa __ _________ Richmond , Va ______ __ 2, 901 5, 502 2, 610 1,007 6,511 12 7 3 42 Riverside, Cali f_ ____ __ Roanoke, Va ______ ____ Rockford, Ill __ __ _____ _ Saginaw, Mich __ ____ ___ St. P etersburg, F la __ __ 3,857 1, 872 1,598 2,012 4,508 5 7 2 9 11 17 11 7 Salt L ak e C it y, U ta h _ San B ernardino, Calif_ San ta An a, Calif_ ___ __ Savanna h, Ga ___ ______ Scra nton , P a __ ____ ____ 5, 510 3,499 2, 564 3, 185 949 Shrevepor t , L a __ _____ _ South Bend , Ind _____ _ Spokane, Wash ____ ____ Springfi eld , Mass ____ __ Springfield , Mo ________ 2, 775 • 1,725 1, 790 1, 725 1, 134 St amfo rd , Conn __ ____ _ Syracu se, N .Y ______ __ T acom a, \"\'ash __ __ __ ___ T opek a , K an s _________ T orrance , Calif_ _______ 1,752 5,238 2,313 1,537 4, 289 T renton , N .J_ __ _______ Utica, N .Y _____ _____ __ Virgini a B each , V a ____ W aco, T ex ____ ________ W arren, M ich _________ 3, 229 64 1 2, 028 2, 67 1 2,500 W ater bury , Conn __ ___ Wichi ta Fa lls, 'l' ex. ___ Winston-Salem, N .C __ W orcester, M ass ____ __ _ Yon kers. N.Y ________ _ 1, 569 1, 159 2,797 3, 194 3,399 1 5 28 6 17 2 3 5 10 3 Y oungstown , Ohio _____ 2, 3-14 9 16 7 2 11 B urAggra- glaryv ated break a ssaul t ing or en tering $50 and over - - - -- - -- - -- 7 12 41 13 23 82 116 117 176 138 251 193 172 134 203 500 1, 010 1,548 1, 200 1, 408 600 906 1, 032 284 688 1,213 1, 483 3, 029 1, 083 2, 199 10 16 13 1 41 190 124 59 30 277 177 245 439 38 537 1, 26 2, 169 996 523 2, 742 753 1, 028 200 1, 450 1,615 3, 019 1, 654 815 4, 366 496 1, 9OS 3'25 212 1, 422 10 1 22 9 4 10 37 78 61 64 135 183 176 136 39 325 710 1,898 797 795 716 2, 211 1, 174 514 474 357 1, 073 2, 734 1, 317 1, 693 2, 453 4,210 504 348 220 460 283 5 4 8 17 17 6 4 5 7 28 16 23 29 2 158 103 89 155 16 133 11 2 126 506 46 2,379 1,510 1, 356 1, 306 424 1,996 1, 239 471 811 183 4, 565 2,256 2,773 1, 383 860 8 11 5 15 491 361 278 17 8 4 1 6 1 21 10 5 5 2 3 3 127 58 543 61 50 13 29 1, 121 789 826 414 662 529 438 410 325 269 3,085 2, 785 3, 641 1, 299 1, 777 433 366 471 946 136 5 6 4 2 2 1 6 10 1 8 6 60 15 12 18 29 228 62 47 91 73 395 117 160 85 009 1,901 1, 150 808 2, 001 415 1, 949 582 324 1, 442 339 3, 468 2,409 2, 220 2, 079 699 383 184 650 4 10 1 10 18 2 15 16 9 192 20 36 56 49 165 6 208 209 79 1, 357 339 837 I , 749 1, 061 382 143 723 456 1, 041 130 975 ] , 676 2, 127 2, 221 1, 111 131 203 178 3.10 2 2 57 14 10 28 39 48 101 82 182 745 fiO 166 668 428 I, 056 1, 456 1,319 365 345 516 474 1, ll S 486 I, 8 3 I. 601 1, 7-12 2, 029 44 158 390 1. 093 690 i 98 260 921 399 1, 773 660 3 17 14 779 484 l , M6 134 1 12 18 17 35 6 15 25 53 207 244 296 562 213 162 41 455 300 934 62 836 127 120 163 9 9 23 2 4 8 47 329 344 346 171 170 31 205 8 /\6 91 .59 34 448 1,822 1, 119 106 138 86 212 84 Bi 7 -- -----7

---
---6

7 1 1 --- ------- ----4 --- -------- ---30

--1

14 27 17 35 771 Cities 50,000 to 100,000 in p op u lation Abilene, T ex_ ___ ______ Abin gton __T__owns hip,___ P a _____ ___ ____ 1, 43/\ 4 Alameda . Calif. _____ __ Alban y , Ga __ · -------Alhambra, C alif_ ___ ___ 515 568 503 1. 277 1 1 3 Al too na, P a __ · - - -- - --Amherst, N. Y ___ ____ __ An n Arbor, Mich ____ _ A ppleton, Wis ____ _____ Arli ngton , M ass _______ 522 6/\3 1, 490 350 295 178 Au t 0 Un d er theft $50 --- ----3

--2
----

1 1 1 9 3 4

- ---- ---3

2

-6

2 -- -----2 5 ------------ --- 6 -- ----- -- ---- -- 174 39 4 511 883 7-a l 315 if> �' Table 5 1. - N u mbe'.: of Offe nse s Known t o the Po lice, 1965, C i tie s and Tow n s 2;,,000 a nd Ove r in Pop u la tion- Continu e d L ar cenyt heft Crim in a l homicide City I ndex to ta l B ur· A ggra· gl ary v a tecl b rea k· a ssau lt ing or enter· ing Mu rd e r I\1a na nd no n- slau gh· negli- te r b y neglige nt in ange n ce sla u gh· t er F orcib le ra pe 2 I 5 4 5 8 23 6 4 6 21 80 31 22 55 79 61 185 17 1,500 61 65 28 --- - - - --- - Ro b· ber y - - --- - -- - $50 U nde r a nd over $50 Au to theft - - --- - - Cities 50,000 to 100,000 i n population-Co n . Arli ngt on . T ex_ . . . . .. . As he d lle . ::-J. C ... .... . ALlantic C ity . ::-J .J. . . . . .\u gu sta , Ga __ __ . . . . . . .I ur ora . Co lo ... . . . . . . . 1, 098 1. 143 2. 9 17 841 817 .\ ur ora . II L . .. . ... ... . Ba kers fi eld . CaliL .. . . Bay C it y . ·:-.,1 ich . .... . . B ayonn e. N .J _______ __ Ber wyn. Ill .. . . . ...... . 784 1,940 620 8 19 587 lk thl e he m . P a ....... . llillin gs . :\<lon t. .... . . . B ing ha1n ton . N .Y _____ Uloomfiold , N .J. .. ... . Bl oOi n i n gt on , M i n n ___ 15 1, 1r.6 728 4 .152 2 Uoise . Ida ho . .. . ...... . Bou ld er , C olo _ . . ... . . . Br istol. Conn .... .. ... . JlrisLOI T ow ns hi p, 960 647 357 5 1 JO 1 6 2 5 3 2 l 2 l 5 13 ,; 2 3 1 1 3 5 .i 24 l) roc k to n . :\<Iass . . .. . . . Brookl i ne. :vi ass .. B ro w ns ville. T ex .. . . . . B u e na P a r k , Cali f.. . . . B ur lK1 11k, Ca liL ------Cm 11 hri rlge , i\l ass ___ ___ 1. 645 8 01 1,069 2, 022 3 . 54 1 1 2 4 1 i 26 6 15 (' !l " lllPa ign , IIL .. . . . . . C h a rl est on . S .C .. .. . . . C lrn rl esLOn , IV. Va .... . C !,cek towaga, N . Y . . . . C hesapeak e, Va ______ _ C hester. Pa. - - - - - - - - C h icopee, Mass . . . ... . Ch ul a \" ista , Calif. ... . Cicero, Ill ., ..... . . . C leve land H eights, O hi o . .. . .. ........ . C lifton . ::-J .J. . . . . . . . Colo11ie T own, N . Y __ _ C o lorado S pr inJ!S, C'o lo.. . . ....... . Co lllpton . Ca lif. .. .. . . . Concord, Cali f.. .... . Cos ta .\ lesa, Calif. .. . <·01111ci l Blu ffs , Iowa .. ( 'ovi 11 gt o11 1 K y _____ _ ( 'ra11ston, R.L --- - ---C u )·a l1oga F a lls. O h io. D a ly avcnport, Iowa . _ __ _ Da ytona Beach, Fla . . . Dearborn Heights , ~lich ... .. . ..... .... . Decatur , Ill . . . . - . . . .. . 2. 268 I, 393 532 1,147 2, 120 377 815 857 13 29 45 22 332 47 379 260 140 2fi2 398 222 182 835 1, 424 701 ?.77 482 171 176 09 102 91 I, 096 . 1, 074 320 114 68 36 16 285 3 4 101 161 fil 6 462 13 7 18 39 39 68 367 708 142 415 478 058 115 344 I 9 2 6 20 12 37 68 85 8 57 28 53 57 849 452 ,; 58 88 1 953 329 243 599 742 916 922 071 1. 303 663 438 98 199 411 1,696 3 27 90 58 79 220 847 467 200 305 822 I, 997 953 799 52 1 138 321 216 86 476 99 1 105 855 400 28 1 3 4 6 44 1 11 31 5 35 136 4 146 2i4 897 517 235 525 l i2 272 100 3 2 2 20 140 277 498 2 1 2 1 5 4 15 43 18 65 4 11 297 19 1 152 286 170 2 JO 22 196 100 453 67 9 8 20 26 294 286 99 476 128 4 8 1 IO 30 41 303 15 6 3 1 2 4 1 2 2 I , 11 9 I , 675 I, 543 2 6 802 1, 357 1 3 1, 294 949 I , 197 l , 218 16-1 298 166 209 106 28 11 16 1 I. 729 754 2,373 1,066 323 163 16 5 55 1 59 1 I, 198 260 836 142 2 12 171 l 19 397 5, 158 25 1 6i 5 257 240 263 3 11 2 3 3 32 42 48 21 132 JO 3 5 1 · ······· ···· ···- · ·• · •· ·• 120 19 1 482 186 104 14 l I 98 1 743 806 141 7fi0 .; 5 l 688 1,583 1-'H --- - - - - - -- - --- - -- -- 6 290 38.i 656 469 766 133 284 254 370 11 1 11 0 7 207 363 63 230 1,350 161 58 410 23 571 1, 978 615 295 1,06 474 1,456 2, 264 l. 40 7 46 13 50 42 906 416 522 327 I, 2 12 830 863 5 24 25 39 11 2 543 536 129 323 3 465 155 710 605 227 163 233 166 44 12 I 12 14 29 50 84 26 34 122 334 673 817 332 4 3 304 612 2,178 1, 374 307 421 196 4 II 45 55 36 22 389 688 262 302 1,018 1, 363 148 4 344 8 2 195 179 �Table 51.-Niimber of Offenses Known to the Police , 1965, Cities and To wns 25,000 and Ove r in Population- Continued Crim inal homicide City Index total Murder and Mannon- slaughnegli- te r by gen t negli111 angence slaugbto r D es P laines, lll ________ Downey, Calif__ ___ ____ Dubuque, Iowa __ ___ __ Durh am, N.C _______ __ East C hicago, Ind __ ___ 442 2,639 396 1, 226 l , 396 1 l I 14 5 East Orange, N.L ___ __ East St. L ouis, UL ____ Edison, N.L __ ____ __ __ Elgin , IlL __ ____ _______ El yria, Ohio ___ ______ __ l , 687 2, 046 704 463 289 1 19 Euclid , Ohio ___ ___ ____ Eugene, Oreg___ ____ ___ Evanston , IIL ____ ____ Everett. Wash _____ ____ F airfield, Conn __ __ ___ _ 295 l , 456 991 747 725 F all River, Mass __ ____ F ayetteville, N. C ____ _ Florissan t! Mo ___ ___ __ For t Suut 1, Ark __ _____ F ramingham, Mass ___ 1,857 1,2 17 388 598 498 Fremont, Calif_ __ __ ___ Fuller ton , Calif_ _______ Gadsden , Ala __________ Galvesto n, 'l'ex ________ Ga rla nd , 'I'ex_ _________ 1,045 1,358. 928 2, 477 I , 03 Great Falls, Mont_ ___ _ Greece, N.Y __ _____ __ __ Green Bay, Wis _______ Greenville, S.C _______ _ Greenwich, Conn ____ __ I , 246 393 431 2, 302 279 H a m il ton , Ohio _______ H arrisb urg, Pa _______ _ Haverford Township, Pr ________________ ___ 833 1,082 1, 123 H ayward, CaliL ___ __ _ 300 2, 379 Hialeah, F la ______ ____ _ Fligh Point, N . c _____ _ Holl ywood , F la ______ _ H olyoke, M ass _______ _ Huntington, W. Va ___ 2, 050 803 1, 774 7(i3 1, 700 Hu n t ington Beach, Ca liL _______ _____ ___ Inglewood, Calif_ ___ ___ Iron dequoit, N .Y __ __ _ lrvin g, T ex_ ________ ___ Ir vington , N.L __ _____ _ l , 335 3, 2 9 30 1,251 848 Joli et, flL. ___ __ ____ ___ K ala mazoo Mich ___ __ K enosha, ,vis ______ __ _ K etterin g, O hio ______ _ L afayette, L a ______ ____ 1, 3 15 1,696 694 391 921 180 Forcib le ra pe Robbery BurAggra- glaryvated b reakassaul t ing or entering $50 and over Au to Under theft £50 - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - Citi es 50,000 lo 100,000 in population- Con. H aN.J m il__ton ____Tom1sbip, __ __________ Larcenytheft 1 7 5

----- --5

10 27 72 2 373 194 167 1, 094 101 404 323 163 l , 057 160 227 385 561 1,174 84 1 564 639 71 344 126 175 387 512 395 282 172 83 752 358 177 414 234 372 647 139 79 65 8 23 94 2 13 34 l 3 4 60 177 8 15 17 40 149 8 30 5 689 625 266 163 115 4 7 4 11 21 56 9 13 10 12 103 25 8 117 416 375 374 307 45 770 238 182 234 603 1,473 1, 608 1,440 494 111 233 209 153 163 6 1 2 5 2 40 54 7 15 3 55 293 9 13 8 900 617 156 266 152 311 36 152 147 227 386 1, 002 424 405 397 54 5 211 62 151 105 6 1 8 26 5 21 38 9 98 14 53 28 82 599 66 477 528 414 662 4 2 348 603 295 743 376 1, 701 1, 447 622 1, 155 855 137 158 6 3 27 8 594 182 134 1, 059 135 344 140 189 687 91 1, 209 337 569 1,012 236 24 98 303 43 8 1 1 2 4 1

--- ------ -5

--- ----- ------ -4 2 3 2 5 12 4 6 7 2 3 13 66 7 2 2 1 11 5 337 91 3 1 I 11 3 22 2 59 4 39 36 8 162 4 9 l l 2 5 14 20 12 43 11 144 32 334 297 568 296 483 297 688 1, 202 663 170 140 162 JG 4 46 1 91 144 825 97 881 317 1. 602 54 520 1 5 2 9 7 57 6 58 4 87 61 35 127 27 325 8 13 423 7U2 302 649 784 200 605 211 371 1, 783 435 1, 468 643 1,211 330 11 7 5 3 l 3 I 5 2 7 2 13 2 5 19 1 9 3 18 134 I 10 30 60 11 8 1 25 9 574 l , 242 232 511 387 546 1, 163 58 499 166 l , 252 1,203 500 1,34 7 627 131 608 15 195 253 2 1 1 l 4 1 1 5 4 2 4 5 77 38 15 8 12 82 195 11 13 106 474 737 276 162 460 480 549 1 2 135 258 l , 011 21 220 940 883 543 195 172 20i 69 10 7 4 6 5 --- ---- - -------- 3 -- ------ 2 236 128 21 5 21() 250 7, �Table 51. - Nu,nbe r of Offe n ses Known to the Police, 1965, Citie s a nd Towns 25,000 and O ver in Population-Contin u ed L arcenytbeft C riminal homicide Murd e r City Ind ex total and nonnegligent 1nan sla u ghte r Ma nsJnu ghter by n egligence Forcible rape Robbery BurAggra- glaryv a ted b reakassaul t ing or enterin g $50 a nd over Au to Unde r theft 50

------ --- - - - -- - - - Cities 50,000 to 100,000

in p opulat ion -Con . L ake Charles, L a __ ___ _ Lakewood, Ohio __ __ __ _ L a n caster . Pa ___ _____ _ L a redo, T eX------- ---Lawrence, Mass ______ _ Lawto n, Okla ____ ____ _ Le xington, Ky _______ _ Lima . Ohio ___ ___ _____ _ Lincoln Park. Mich ___ Li voni a, M ich __ ______ _ Lorain, Ohio ___ __ ____ _ Lowe U. M ass __ _______ _ Lower l\1crion Township, P a __ ______ ____ _ Lynchburg, Va __ ___ ___ Lynn 1 M ass __ ______ ___

\1 a lden, Mass __ ______ _

.\llanchester , . .H ____ _

\I ans fteld, Ohio ______ _

.\ll edfo rcl. M ass _______ _ .\IIeriden , Conn __ _____ _

\Ieridian, Miss __ _____ _

.\!I iam i Beach . Fla __ ___ '.\Ii ddletown ,..rownship. N . .,_ __ __ _____ _ .\II idla ncl. T ex __ .\l on roe, La __________ _ ,\ ton,ercy P a rk, Ca liL {ount Vern on, .Y .\1 uncic . Incl ____ _____ _ '.'\Tew Britain , Co nn __ _ . \1

--/ewpor t , R.L ___ ___ _

--iew Rochelle . . . Y __ _

\"e\\"Lon . Mass _____ __ _

Little__________ Rock,

\"orl

Arkh ______ _

\"orw alk· , Conn ____ ___ _

485 2 302 406 923 1,032 1,330 2, 877 940 7 11 2 1,097 747 722 2, 454 594 637 950 2.59 443 449 13 24 42 157 334 452 1, 058 272 11 9 363 41 7 861 I , 211 100 79 216 154 194 97 140 12 1 2 4 3 4 1 2 1 5 1 1 4 l l 5 14 48 6 3 88 JI 9 46 1 17 569 52fi 210 4.34 153 277 202 229 419 304 102 99 90fi 363 1,843 68 302 11 8 237 0 198 707 1, 228 49 109 403 58 107 727 388 433 291 24 1 325 29 26 5 2 3 2 1 6 9 13 80 179 145 433 26 56 28 12 53 38 304 .55 1 4 4 11 5 3 1 ------- - 13 8 2 2 1 1 1 2 2 1 3 5 --- --- --- -1 1 2 1 2 186 5 140 169 27 14 41 386 421 522 520 639 220 912 590 166 146 196 103 92 1,948 2 18 405 228 198 1, 779 1,058 504 403 98 212 19 1 126 38 53 22 48 12 726 98 72 2 261 264 318 182 73 24 295 80 83 34 12 24 37 59 16 425 511 93/i 400 257 6 86 277 550 353 400 144 201 396 2 7 36 34.3 19 8 132 53 301 700 305 141 1 4 fi38 10 ) , 521 704 3 2 437 153 45 245 141 13 21 18 15 2 2 306 531 2 10 6!ifi 83 15 21 15 18 7 5 1,247 856 561 2 6 i 82 302 5 77 2 576 168 730 1 6 6 Oxnar d. Calif_ ____ -- -Palo Alto, Cal if _____ _ 18 87 83 8 1 7 5 1, 147 990 587 51 18 1 4 6 2 5 1, (-ifil 901 765 130 269 1, 587 6 !)dcssa, TCX- -- -------O~dcn. lilah _________ _ OnLario, Calif_ _______ _ Ornn~e, CaliL ___ ____ _ Overland Park , Kans __ Pawtucket, R.I _ ___ _ Penn Dills Townshi p. p a ___ _ Pensacola, Fla __ ______ _ Pinc Aluff. Ark __ ____ _ Pittsfield, Mass ------- 139 428 1,1 46 l ,3Jfi 2 2 4 1,820 1, 197 1,853 2 6 2 528 1, OaO

,93

466 1, 110 278 439 225 636 11'-------- -- Par ma, O hio . -,04 237 247 1 Pasadena, T ex _____ _ Passaic, N .L - __ . _- _-- - 445 324 1, 103 I, 527 534 108 303 1, 101 473 250 71 319 25 378 Oak P a rk, 172 Jl 5 16 19 56 39 5 1, 025 829 39 53 785 9 2 347 36 109 388 861 11 11 329 873 544 1: 002 11 3 114 43 97 270 136 5 4 2,565 l 530 25 279 176 191 479 402 8 2 483 842 1,411 6 29 55 20 3 3 2 6 26 19 13 8 40 33 593 532 6 2 5 3 5 1, 023 1,178 1, 363 10 2 1 19 17 17 61 15 1 45 84 6 457 430 292 213 919 1,039 588 768 247 228 123 87 74 625 so:i 238 389 139 89 181 1, 38 1 490 188 361 248 126 116 2fi0 77 67 344 181 �Table 51. - N um.be r of Offe nses Know n to the Police, 1965, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population- Continued C riminal h omicide City Index t otal Murder an d nonnegligent n1anslaughter L ar ceny theft Manslaughter by negligen ce - - - - -Cities 50 000 to 100,000 in population-Con. Pomona. Calif__ ___ ____ Pontiac, M ir h _________ Por t Ar t hur, T ex_ _____ Portland , M aine. __ ___ P richar d, Ala _____ _____ 2, 179 2, 219 552 939 731 I 7 5 1 6 P ueblo, C olo. ___ __ ____ Quincy, M ass .. _______ R acine, W is _____ ______ Rapid Cit y, S. Dak . .. R ed ford_____ T ownship, Mich ____ _____ __ 1, 120 I , 166 1,392 781 1 1 6 1 R edondo BPach , CaliL R edwood City, Calif._ Reno, Nev. _. . -- - - - --R ichmond, Calif_ _____ Rock I sland, rn . . . . ... Rome, N .Y __ ___ __ ____ R osevill~, M ich __ __ ___ R oyal Oak , Mich ____ __ St. C lair Shores, M ich . St . J oseph , Mo ... _____ 2, 297 I , 094 2, 343 2,677 I , 087 884 286 972 1, 129 993 716 10 16 2 4 13 5 Aut0 Under t heft $50 - - - - - 58 154 8 12 22 95 249 6 33 115 998 794 283 396 331 640 801 148 299 152 I , 195 1,810 430 1,210 332 37 7 198 100 19 4 92 47 422 431 503 197 389 319 343 401 1,672 628 1, 935 903 389 219 I 31 5 28 27 42 277 362 1,042 I 6i 2 10 4 7 15 14 1 60 19 102 131 37 79 6 53 224 56 I , 069 456 964 1,310 345 679 363 664 637 470 1,331 373 1,749 2, 15S 818 399 245 536 356 I 76 2 3 1 4 5 2 2 1 22 44 8 7 6 48 70 31 49 118 357 507 470 371 97 401 306 409 204 275 1, 140 1,729 1, 062 880 64 I 40 I 97 5 3 4 8 6 19 63 13 37 42 40 40 26 29 48 471 934 463 653 675 413 4f,S 222 516 510 1, 581 916 6.58 I , 175 1, 848 l 61 247 80 I 5 I 3 I 2 2 2 2 68 12 150 11 15 49 ,12 201 13 24 669 514 1, 328 285 458 625 460 I. 365 93 515 1,460 I. 860 1,886 405 1,341 227 7 2 3 13 9 12 1 6 4 1 13 2 10 19 47 83 81 32 69 22 31 38 195 405 770 749 722 252 581 379 542 342 1, 029 815 1, 051 522 1. 254 83 155 4 17 5 9 7 36 150 11 14 27 13 136 67 115 17 413 1, 115 340 396 517 253 726 317 311 414 1,265 2, 789 1,426 723 1, 003 1 8 3 8 35 14 2 29 8 112 156 li 20 271 463 661 247 422 211 220 354 59 117 370 645 175 193 229 GO 20i 22 26 18 4 333 313 311 172 614 683 121 15 37 26 357 548 300 187 455 289 1,270 1,466 458 231 1 1 9 5 2 - - --- - - -

---- -- -I

2 1,653 1, 230 3, 540 563 I , 270 Sioux Falls, S. D ak ___ _ Skokie, Ill__ _____ ___ ___ Somerville, Mass _____ _ South Gate, Cali f_ ____ Springfield , I!L _______ 576 I , 229 1, 793 1, 757 1, 459 Spri Dgfleld. Ohio ____ __ Stockton , Cn!if. _______ Sunny vale, Calif_ ___ __ T allahassee, F ln ___ __ __ T erre H au te, I nd ____ __ 941 2, 700 830 973 1, 141 3 5 2 2 8 T onaw anda Town, N. Y _________ _____ __ Troy , N. Y ____ ________ Tuscaloosa, A la __ ____ _ T yler, T ex_ _______ ____ U n ion City, N .J __ __ __ 569 1,047 1,228 361 811 I 2 2 3 1 18~ - -- - -- - -- --- - $50 and over 9 Santa Barbara, Calif__ Santa Clar a, Calif. .... a nta M onica, Calif. __ Schenectady , N. Y ___ .. Siou x City, Iowa ... ___ 829 1, 428 709 7 5 I B urAggra- glaryv ated brea kassault ing or enteri ng 4

1, 11 0 I , 760 80 1, 4r,5 I , 488 808 571 8 Robbery 85 12 227 18 Salem , Orel!-- --- -- -- -Salinas, Calif. _________ 8011 An ~elo, 1., cx ____ ___ San Leand ro. CaliL ... San Mateo, Calif. .. ___ U nion Township, N .L U niversity C it y, Mo __ Upper Darby 'l'ownship, P a ______ _____ __ V allejo, Calif _____ ___ __ Walt ham, Mnss ___ ___ __ 4 9 --- -------- --- - Forcible rape 1 5

1

---- -

1 4 2 1

-----3

1 4 --- -------- ---- ---------- --- --

- ----- ----- ------ ------

·------4 l 2 2 3 2 I 6 2 15 1

-1

1

1

2- --------

----

5 1 3 6 4 2 --- ----2 5 2 14 90 71 11 23 I -t 1 72 81 9-21 206 183 477 158 249 573 335 272 219 551 88 126 151 38 33 222 56 320 173 �Table 51. - Nu,nbe r of Offe n ses Know n to t h e Police 1965 C-t" d Towns 25,000 and Over in Population- Co.,; tiin,; cl • ies an L arcenytheft C riminal homicide C ity I ndex total Murder and non- negligent 1nanslaughter Manslaughter by negligence F orcib le rape Robbery BurAggra- glaryvated breakassau lt ing or entering $50 Au to Under t heft and over $50 - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - C ities 50.000 to 100,000 in population- Con. Warren , Ohio ______ ____ Warwick, R.L _________ Wa terford To,n1ship

\lich __ ___________ : __

Wa te rloo, Iowa _____ ___ 11·aukef:!an, Ill _______ __ 1,086 1. 563 891 928 12 \Vcstminster, CaliL ____ 411 454 1, 482 373 1,134 \\"est Palm B each, F la_ Weymouth, Mass _____ _ \Vheelinf:!. IV. Va ___ __ __ White P la ins, N.Y ____ ll"h it tier, Calif__ ______ _ 1. 044 204 444 l , 391 ! , 451 l\'ilkes-B arre, Pa ______ Wilm ington, De!__ ___ __ \rood ownsh ip,bridge __ J_ T _____ __ __ __ 484 2,633 Wauw atosa, \Vis _____ __ \Yest Allis, Wis __ ____ __ West Covina, Cali f_ ___ West r-I a nforcl, Conn __ Wyoming, Mich ____ ___ York, Pa ______________ 2 2 2 3 3 2 2 l 2 4

2 ----- --2 3 1

----- --3

8 2 1 3 4 1 1 l 2

-- 5--------10

1 3 2 997 621 680 5 4 25 5 42 34 450 672 343 715 774 1,035 219 131 9 16 41 37 63 30 56 317 334 233 414 338 314 24 938 838 163 5 7 24 5 14 10 2 26 8 45 139 147 760 204 609 197 204 432 80 302 516 1,036 904 123 782 . 60 92 217 66 158 5 33 l 14 34 39 70 9 24 182 40 559 74 204 437 730 215 SL 148 575 357 1,563 73 460 534 510 152 35 53 149 280 2 6 7 196 'Z7 24 164 1, 172 125 539 313 1,842 150 686 1 3 9 22 10 39 11 8 33 466 280 299 354 247 148 623 910 695 151 I 8 5 2 9 18 73 98 472 88 199 48 21 88 107 238 322 309 580 196 674 32 11 101 28 74 24 193 319 75 37 39 136 64 125 39 549 535 702 303 8 1, 087 50 47 28 16 472 342 178 129 393 99 186 139 140 394 114 123 291 210 763 554 165 70 21. 89 40 63 92 77 128 324 76 159 15 38 38 !GS 55 11 5

22 IO 6 7 2 11 Cities 135,000 to 50,000 in population Aberdeen , S. D ak _____ Alamogordo. N . Mex_ _ A lexand ria , L a ____ ____ _ .\ liq uippa, Pa _________ Allen Park , Mich __ ____ .\llian ce, O hio _____ ____ Al ton , TI! _______ _______ .\. mes, Iowa ___ ________ A m cst.crdam , _y ____ Anchorage, Alaska ____ Anderson, Ind ____ __ __ _ A nderson , s.c __ __ _____ An niston , A la ________ _ Arcad ia, Calif_______ __

\rlington Jl eights, IIL

Colo __________ Arvada, .\ sh la nd, KY- --------.\ shtahuJa, Oh io_____ __ Athens, (Ja ____________ .\ttlehoro, Mass ______ _ Auhurn , Ma ine ________ Auhurn, :-.J . y ___ --- -- Aust in , Mina ____ ___ ___ .\ zusa, C'alif_ ______ __ __ Ra lclwin Borough, P a_ Baldw in Park, Calif___ Ra ngor, ::\1aine ________ _ Barherton , Oh io __ _____ Bartlcsvillek Okl_a ___ ___ Battle C ree-, M1cb ____ 163 136 698 246 556 436 466 236 99 1, 557 752 425 523 904 260 179 299 4'Z7 I , 134 1 3 - - --- -- 2 3 1 ] , 082 204 413 193 829

1 2 5 1 1 -------- --------------- -------- -------I

JO 7 -------8

2 1 ---- ---3 5 1 1 2

--- --- ----- --------------------2

1 3 8 256 212 173 201 749 118 1 6 3 4 5 l 31 10 22 26 24 1 l 55 36 30 191 14 5 5 10 7 2 3 2 9 2

--------------- ------ 2-- -- -----4 -

7 5 66 15 5 34 12 1 2 --- --- -- - ------ 2 - ---- ---------- --- --- -- ---1

27 3 2 I 3 11 32 1 16 I 19 6 6 28 92 5 173 218 534 113 67 66 8 53 1 l 14 89 102 454 40 114 46 69 2 62 7 73 510 11 7 141 90 383 317 38 90 79 265 5 54 276 422 456 190 261 156 456 628 114 636 430 4Jl 200 1, 375 69 li2 142 73 26 1() 36 96 29 144 43 10-2 16 84 18:3 �Table 51.-N umhe r · o.f Offe n ses Known to the Police, 1965, Cities and Towns 25,000 and O ver in Population-Continued Cr iminal homicide City Index total L arcenytheft Murd er and Mannon- slaughnegli- ter by gent ncgli111 8 11gen ce slaughtor Forcible rape BurAggra- glary v ated break assault ing or entering Robbery $50 and over Auto Und er t heft $50 - - - - - - -- - ------ - - - - - - - - - - C ities f 5,000 to 50,000 in pop ulation-Con . Baytown, Tex_ ____ ____ Bellev ille, Ill. ____ _____ Belleville, N .J_ ___ _____ B ellingham, Wash _____ B elmont, Mass _____ ___ 551 413 335 29i 258 Beloij Wis ___ __ ______ _ Bens em__ T P a ____ __ ownship, ___ ______ __ 235 1 -- --- -- - --------------- --- ----- ----- --2 1 2

---------- ----- -- --- --- ----- --1

-- -- --- - -- ------ Bergenfield, N.J. _____ _ Bessemer, Ala . ____ ___ _ Bethel P ark, P a _______ 182 88 674 165 Beverly , Mass ______ ___ B everly H ill s, Calif_ __ Big Spring, T ex_ __ ___ _ B iloxi, Miss __ ____ ___ __ _ Birm ingham, Mich ____ 534 512 396 528 290 -- ------ -------- --- ----6 ---- ---6 1 --- ---- - ----- -- ----- ------------I ------ -- -- -----4 2 -------3 --- ---- - ------2-- ------ ---- --- - Bism arck , N. Dak __ __ _ Bloom in gton , Ill__ ____ _ Bloomi ngton, Ind ___ __ Bl y theville, Ark __ ____ Bossier City , La_._____ 208 714 473 426 334

------- --1 -- --- ----- --- -- ----- -- -

Bowling Green, Ky ___ B rain tree, l\1ass ________ Bremerton, Wash ______ Brighton, N.Y ____ ____ Brook ly n Cen ter, Min n ____ __ ______ ____ 659 409 · 499 253 B ryan, Tex __ ___ ______ Burlingame, Calif. ____ B urlington, Iowa __ ___ _ B urli ngton , N .C __ ____ B urli ngton, Vt_ _____ __ 246 41ti 684 175 486 342 B u tte, Mont _____ ____ __ 4 3 Ca lumet City , Ill ____ __ 664 Ca pe G ira rdeau , Mo __ 28 1 Ca rlsbad , N. Mex_ ___ _ Casper, Wyo ____ __ __ __ _ ----617Cedar F a lls, Iowa ___ __ C harlottesv ille, Va . __ _ C helsea, Mass ___ __ ___ _ C heltenham Towns hip, P a ____ ______ ___ C herry Hill , N .J ___ ___ 132 347 751 585 1, 005 2 2 I - -- - - -- - 1 1 5 2 4 2 4 1 9 -- -- ---- --- ------- -- --- --- ---- - ----- -- 2

-- -------3

1 2 I 7 1 1 2 ---- ------ ----- --- ---- - ----- --3 2 2 I 4 3 2 3 5

--- - --------- ---- -- ------- - ----- --3

2 2 I

--- - ------ -5

C heyenn e, Wyo ______ C hicago H eights, Ill __ C hilli coth e, Ohio __ ___ _ Clark sburg, \V. Va ____ Clarkstown , N. y ____ __ 575 871 160 489 2 C learwa ter, Fla ___ __ __ Cli nton , Iowa ________ _ C lo vis, N. Mex ____ ____ Columbia, Mo ___ __ ____ Colum bus, Miss ___ ____ 742 320 7 384 313 2 2 2 3 184 2 2 3 2

-- -- --------

11 2 1 239 192 li5 98 146 194 171 79 135 77 899 135 34 37 66 58 33 10 i 99 73 420 45 11 3 19 5 5 130 5 74 32 221 84 48 35 227 52 132 64 426 98 42 13 65 22 3 31 5 18 7 2 5 46 226 239 196 202 93 176 133 108 142 141 494 226 299 263 539 127 103 37 95 47 2 18 3 9 16 5 17 2 22 50 73 279 130 155 111 101 269 206 185 122 535 597 530 287 220 130 50 33 8 97 6 26 3 219 122 213 123 232 174 155 107 342 180 710 250 9 101 90 7 131 73 395 32 105 17 2 125 147 314 105 149 121 115 249 40 179 71 235 290 307 3G3 546 37 8G 20 27 149 28 41 25 123 238 125 164 201 90 352 310 343 ]"0 ?- 2 1 1 5 6 1 2 17 6 3 1 11 52 5 68 Incom plete 10 I 374 44i so 2i 125 19 125 35 2 316 177 708 Ill 63 11 6 284 37 157 110 110 483 180 21 33 30~ 4 3 5 31 10 29 19 1 2 10 13 7 16 224 330 234 497 453 399 109 14(i 7 14 31 5 20 124 4 207 305 92 2 17 226 45 945 449 91 10S 178 13 4 1 Incomplete 0 5 -- --- --- --- --- -- -- ------ -------- i4 9 13 3 6 1 2 6 3 197 212 466 09 17 6 13 14 5 34 1 18 22 33 310 96 345 164 167 239 156 328 142 73 739 567 651 588 148 85 59 7( i 38 33 �T able 51.-Niunber of Offenses Known to the Police, 1965, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population- Continued L arcenytheft Criminal homicide C ity Index t otal Murder Manand non- slanghnegli- ter by negligent 111an- gence slaugbt er Forcib le rape - - - ------ - BurAggra- glarybreakvated assault ing or entering R obbery Cranford T ownship, II 7 219 1, 125 115 646 .J . - - - -- --- - - - - ---C rNystal, Minn __ __ ____ _ C ulver C it y , CaJj f__ __ _ C um berland, Md __ ___ _ Dan bury, C onn __ ____ _ 102 205 1, 312 173 432 Da nv ille, m___________ Da n v ille, Va_ ___ _____ _ Decatur , Ala _______ __ __ D eca t ur, Ga__ ____ _____ Dedham , Mass__ _______ 729 661 Denison, T ex _________ _ Denton, T e x_ __ ______ _ Dot han, A la __ ______ __ E ast B ru nswick Townsh ip, N ,J ___ __ _ East C leve land, O hio __ 166 331 301 E ast Detroit, Mich ___ _ East H artford , Conn __ _ East H aven Town, Conn ________ __.. ____ East L a nsing , Mich. _ _ 718 569

-------- -------- --------

-=--=---2 -------3 -- - - - -- - - -- ---:::::::: :::::::: -2 3 8 5 143.215.248.55 5 3 9 21 5 __ __ :::: :::::::: -----T E l Cajon, Ca!Jf. ___ ___ _ El Cerrito, Ca lif.. __ __ _ E l Dorado, Ark _______ E lk har t, Ind ________ __ El m hu rs t , JIL _______ __ Elmira, N . Y ___ ___ ____ 440 295 425 273 598 1 1 1 - --- - -- - 21 3 8 E l Mon te, Calif __ _____ E n field, Conn __ _____ __ E nglewood, C olo. ___ __ E nl!lewood, N .L- --- -Enid, Ok la ____ ____ __ __ 2, 113 220 432 330 530 Eureka, Calif _ ______ __ l,vcre t t , Mass_-- -- - - - E vergreen P ar k, Ill . _. Ewing '!'o w osh ip, N .J F a irborn, Ohio. ------- 480 587 380 Fa irfield , Calif ______ _ ~~ 546 246 Falls 'I'ownsh ip , Pa. .. F a rgo, N . Dal<.-- - --- - 4 4 2 2 2i~ 4 3 5 61 126 85 104 106 166 49 108 28 9 67 89 104 126 25 152 71 160 329 277 20 59 26 2 82 183 99 85 256 5 12 24 121 291 258 251 230 781 456 137 65 69 88 217 44 166 63 236 400 34 26 61 205 278 98 132 306 156 18 7 85 160 227 228 68 502 530 767 692 112 42 60 103 199 72 113 148 88 218 95 229 544 291 496 358 779 56 13 40 40 42 1, 100 JJ 1 188 201 218 4ll 79 147 65 191 713 228 530 65 730 412 16 66 31 110 258 116 196 2 10 ]13 709 177 373 352 379 61 184 11 8 108 32 5 13 1 1 8 7 15 89

2- -- -------- II 85 6 2

- --4

1 --- -------- - --1 3 ---- --- 3 1 11 7 5

f 13 9 14 11 7 41 24 47 3 --- - - - - 1 1 2 Fair La wn, r,J ___ ____ Fairmont, Vil . V a .. - - --- - - - ---- 2 18 1 1 - ---- --- i1 2 20 I I 1 1 2 72 52 13 2 1 - - -- - - - 1 - - ---- -- 1 679 649 1 32 433 586 227 360 662 -- 259 246 I ncomplete 1 I 334 239 2 1 7 2 37 102 3 15 E d i na, M i nn ______ ____ 84 237 633 222 225 6 47 4- --- ----1 East Point, Ga _______ _ E ast Providence, R. L E a u C la ire, Wis ______ _ 36 66 449 72 166 229 14 57 104 501 54 178 3 83 149 294 373 E asLon , P a ___ ____ ____ _ 26 33 116 18 126 5 5 3 1 40 346 854 643 272 43 1 3 -- 591 61 180 29 19 2 1 $50 36 106 381 29 275 4 8 3 198 340 3 Auto Unde r t heft - - --- - -- - - - - -- Cities !!5,000 to 60 ,000 in pop·u lation- C on. Concord , N _fl ___ ____ __ Coon R apid s , i\llinn ___ Coral Gables, F la ___ __ C or vallis , Oreg _____ ___ Covina , Calif_ __ ______ _ $50 and over 7 24 14 9 107 271 51 72 68 8 26 38 69 6 4 13 13 120 255 56 209 81 3 2 9 3 110 130· 76 129 705 247 35 19 ii I ~I ll8 151 87 241 336 905 29 59 24 9 7 19 23 2 I ncomplete 185 �Table 51.-Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1965, Cities and Towns '25,000 and Over in ·Population- Continued Criminal homicide City Index total Manslau ghter by negligence Forcible ra pe BurAggra- glar yva ted breakassault in g or entering Robbery $50 and over Auto U nder t heft $50 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- Cities f 5,000 to 50,000 in population-Con. Farmington, N . Mex __ F erguson, !lfo _- - --- - - F erndale, Mich ______ _ Findlay, Ohio _________ Fitchburg, Mass ______ 399 256 602 255 547 Flagstaff, Ariz _________ Florence, Ala ______ ____ Florence, S,C _____ _____ Fond du Lac, ,Vis _____ Fort Collins, Colo ____ _ 459 317 575 228 576 Fort Dod~, Iowa ___ __ Fort Lee, ' .J. . -- ---- Fort M yers, F lo __ ___ __ Fort Pierce, F lo. ___ ___ Freeport, IIJ ____ _-- --- - 338 435 512 Freeport, N.Y __ _______ Gainesville, Fla. ______ Galesburg, Ill __ _______ Gard en a, Calif________ Garden City, Mich ___ _ 688 937 304 1,689 424 Gardrn City, N .Y _____ Garfield , N.L _______ __ Garfield Heigh ts.Oh io. Gaston ia, N .C ____ _____ Glen CoYe, N.Y ___ __ __ 353 139 247 s2q 300 Glendale, Ariz. ____ __ __ Glendora, Calif__ ____ __ Gloucester, M ass ____ __ Goldsboro. N .C. ____ __ Grancl Forks, N . D ak_ 494 519 330 662 376 Grand Island, Nebr ___ Grand P rairie, Tex __ __ Grnn itc Cit.y, rn ___ ___ _ G reeley, Colo. _____ ___ Greenbu rgh, N .Y ____ _ 309 890 583 343 692 Greenv ille, Miss ___ ___ _ G reenville, N .C __ _____ Gulfport, Miss __-- · . . _ H ackensack, N .J. _____ H agerstown , Md ____ __ 328 425 404 672 586 H altom City, T ex__ ___ Hamden, Conn . ___ ___ _ Hamtramck . Mich ____ Harlingen. Tex__ ___ __ _ H arvey, rn _____ __ _____ 310 467 1, 433 39s 763 H atties burg, Miss __ __ _ H averh ill, M ass _____ __ Hawthorne, Calif__ ___ _ H azel P ark, Mich ____ H azleton, P a ____ _____ 367 708 1. 482 H emr,stcad , N .Y _____ _ High and P a rk, Ill ___ _ Highland P a rk, Mich __ Hilo, H awaii. ______ ___ H obbs, N . M ex. __ ___ _ 799 221 2, Oil 213 671 186 Murder and nonnegligent m anslaughter L arcen yt heft 182 2 1 7 3 2 -- ------ -------3 1 1 2 2 8 2 16 3 23 2 1 3 1 1 2

-------2

1 7 --- --- -5 -- ----- - -- --- -- 4 -- -- ---- ---- ---9 5 3

---- - --- - ------1

2 15 1 ------ -2 -- --- --- --- -- --- ---- ---1 I

-------2

4 2 ---- -- -1 3 -- ----------- -I ---- ---5

- - - - -------2

3 -- -- --- 1 2

- -- -- -- ----- --- - ---- ---- ---- --- 3

5 1 1

--- - --- ----- ------- 4

-- -- --- - ---- ---7 3 3

- - ---- ---3

4 1 -- -----3 1 -- ----- - ------- 3 1 1 3 1 --- -- -- - ---- --- - -- - 9 28 17 41 11 4 167 103 245 129 263 15-3 96 190 93 190 327 282 422 467 346 31 34 88 20 80 10 2 11 47 38 28 5 26 156 178 32 106 112 194 84 122 66 357 400 311 452 377 753 50 14 80 55 75 8 10 15 4 9 3r, 183 231 278 93 120 137 312 139 274 64 34

- -- ------

Incomplete 2 21 65 61 191 32 11 27 9 56 12 23 50 15 35 2 236 479 144 471 121 258 279 96 722 132 322 1,267 325 598 549 1.16 90 40 389 12, 3 4 18 9 7 11 9 7 207 18 150 56 152 288 121 169 31 47 196 77 189 157 300 726 15 20 39 22 11 5 74 7 7 1 7 4 41 28 7 56 7 24 293 139 324 137 128 134 66 185 161 392 284 89 463 278 67 Al 115 1 17 13 3 9 2 91 JO 8 47 123 411 329 236 145 236 10-1 143 351 516 599 720 418 129 38 127 125 81 45 3 3 11 13 18 20 73 13 16 28 I 6 177 180 211 305 92 11 9 130 308 160 426 267 398 324 547 17 50 67 120 74 '2 172 408 174 206 71 230 334 1 23 257 516 295 818 379 436 I 26 Si 43~ 19 223 157 377 495 125 159 640 240 231 705 39 160 260 319 9 722 124 269 Z70 84 504 58 197 1,009 292 423 1 18 3 11 135 6 4 42 12 5 104 63 31 8 10 57 36 2 27 -- ----- - ---- -- -2 9 Incomplete Incomplete 4 --- ----- 5

8- -- -- ---7- ------- s 1

- ------ --

1 48 35 9 269 16 3fi 2 78 11 15 lOl 2 3 92 SG 65 mo 37 4 22 20 73 �T a ble 51. - Nurrtber of Offense s I(nown to the Police, 1965, Cities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population - Continued L arcenyt heft C rim inal homicide oV ,srtiel: [h I ~ Bur- C ity Index total Murd e r Manand non- slaughnegli- te r by negligent gence 1n anslau ghte r F orcible cape R obbery Aggra- glaryvated breakassaul t ing or en tering $50 and Auto U nd er theft $50 over - - - - - - --- --- --- - - - - - - -- - - Cit i es 25,000 to 50.000 in p op ul at ion - Con. 4 --- - 2 Houma. L a __ ___ _______ 539 89 611 336 Huntington P a rk_____ , __ Calif_ ___ _____ 1, 440 2 Hoboken, N.L -- - ----1:-Toll ancl, Mich ____ ___ , fTot Sp r ings, Ark ______ Hu tch inson, Kans ____ _ Ida ho F alls, Idah o ___ __ Inks rrr, Mich __ ___ ____ Io wa City, Io,va __ ___ __ Ithaca , N .Y ---- - - - -.T ackson, :vI ich _ Jacks on, Tenn ... . . __ __ Jam es town , N .Y .. - --- J anesv ille . \Vis ____ _____ JdTe rson C ity, Mo ____ Johnso n CityPa ,T enn____ ___ ____ .Johnstown, Joplin, Mo ______ __ __ ___ K a nk a kee, [II - - - - - - - - Kannapolis. N .C ---- - K earny , N _.T_ __________ K ey West, Fla ___ ____ __ Killeen. Te, ___ ___ ___ __ Kin gsport, T enn __ ____ Kin j!ston, N .Y - - - - ---Kini:;rs vi llc, T ex __ ______ Kin s ton, N .C ___ __ ____ Ki rk wood , Mo __ _______ Kokomo, Incl ___ ____ ___ Lackaw anna , N.Y---- Ln Crosse, Wis __ _____ _ Lafa ~·e u c , I nrl ____ ___ __ La G range, Ga ________ La ll a bra, CaJif_ ______ Fl a _________ La kela nd, La Mesa. Ca lif_ __ ___ ___ La ncaster , Ohio ___ ____ N. Mex_ __ L ,1s C ruces, ~Jiss ___________ Laure l, Lawrence , K a ns _______ Lcavc11worth . K a ns_____ Pa ______ __ LC' ha non . Leo n iins tcr. :Mass ______ Le wis ton, Ma ine __ ___ __ Lexj 11 g ton , Mass _______ Li nden. N .J ___________ Li vermore, Calif__ __ ___ L ivin gston, N .L -- --- L ockport , N .Y ------- L odi. Ca liL ___ ________ L o<li , N .L---- ------- L om bard , II'-- - ---- -- L ong Beach. N.Y--- -Lonµ Branch , N .L ---Longv ie w , T ex . -- -- - -- 3 ll 633 - 3 3 3 2 84f, 493 380 849 492 316 374 238 633 311 515 477 274 278 3,52 397 3 17 422 10 435 291 533 554 345 640 190 732 718 471 5C6 528 429 600 275 2a5 307 394 23 1 613 347 142 284 236 334 90 880 453 478 4 2 249 40 3 18 IOI 27 1,5 187 l .'i7 54 396 3 10 200 103 22 53 36 52 634 304 845 314 12 3 148 11 6 1, 4 146 37,5 184 66 49 415 9~ 198 212 71 5 824 317 357 436 52 60 13 1 95 95 91 32 10 13 379 27.'i 206 148 100 268 120 42 15G 04 824 360 44 536 367 82 26 56 69 23 61 7 44 12 5 113 91 214 177 257 164 69 201 46 193 11 5 71 350 22 1 503 482 271 160 59 49 23 32 3 12 1 2 5 5 67 47 9 82 11 8 114 223 147 138 81 87 77 120 139 178 122 150 285 244 69 69 48 37 5i 7 6 8 31 5 146 17 3 68 85 5 126 18 1 184 54 117 102 188 137 132 290 34 1 724 238 21 ii 37 153 133 4 35 12 30 162 331 71 340 317 11 2 202 52 292 246 809 580 235 489 976 68 97 26 67 98 234 268 287 159 209 170 169 88 125 296 51 327 /i93 226 834 45 50 11 0 48 62 20 1 15 7 45 2 32 30 126 ~ 8 2 17 2 7 76 3 IO 1~ 14 I I 6 -- ----- - ---- ---- -------I 5 4 12 l ------ -- ----- ----- ---- - -- -----· 2 - - -- -- - -- - 4 2 1 1 2 1 1 3 -- --- --- ----- --2 5 3 1

----------- -------2 -- -----2 --- -- -------- ------------- -------- ----- ----------- ------I --- --- i4

1 7 --- --- i2 2 1 2 1 2 l 1 --- --- -l I 1 2 2 2 1 I 3 2 3 9 I 1 1 20 25 4 8

1

1 5

--2-

17 71 25 81 28 8 6 2 9 3 3 2 12 5 2 3 1 8 3 6 14 135 93 153 181 133 101 88 87 124 75 345 386 299 538 151 17 46 58 70 21 13 3 3 3 3 11 II 258 209 13 38 5 85 107 158 95 55 118 84 4 13 494 127 232 310 171 25 15 38 37 141 37 390 20 1 119 165 103 418 195 169 59 6 111 92 36 --- ----- -- ----i 2 4 ---z- --------2-- -------- ------2 14 3 --- --i4 2 2 3 17 3 17 14 8 118 19 61 56 11 5 36 248 133 238 187 �Table 51.-Number of Offenses Known to the Police, 1965, Cities and Town s 25,000 and Over in Population-Continued Criminal homicide City Index total Murder and nonnegligent 1nan- slaughter 1\1nnchester Town- ship, Conn __ ________ Manslaughter by negligence Forcible rape 240 1, 318

1 --------

7 474 311 1,209 282 216 202 846 Marion, I nd _____ ____ __ Marion, Ohio ___ _____ __ Marshall, T ex __ __ __ ___ Mason City, Iowa __ ___ Massillon , Oh io__ __ ____ 559 512 252 345 396 Maywood, IlL ________ McAllen, T ex _____ ___ __ McKeesport', P a ____ __ __ Medford , Oreg________ _ Melrose, Mass ___ ___ ____ 514 98 722 191 Menlo Park , Calif_ __ __ Mentor, Ohio__ ____ __ __

Mesa, Ariz ___ _____ _____

Mesquite, T ex __ ____ -- Methuen, Mass_·_______ 371 219 990 426 513 Michigan C ity, Ind ____ Midclletown, Conn ____ JV!idclletown, Ohio ____ _ lV!idclletown Township. Pa ____ ___ _____ _ J\Iidlond , Mich ___ _____ _ 904 320 789 5S8

---- -------- --- ----1

3 1 2 1 1

-- --- -- - ------- 1
-------1

2 3 1 6 3 -- -----11

3-- --- --- -6

4 -- --- -- - ---- -- ----- --- - -- ---- -- - ------1 --- ---- 2 1 --- ----- ------ -1

- --

2 3 3 2 276 149 1 3 3 2 2 3 2 8

--- - -------

Midwest City, Okla .. _ Milford T own, Conn __ Millcreek Township, ____ _______ P a ___ _____ Milton , Mass _______ ___ llfinnetonka, Minn _____ 619 651 Minot, N . Dak ____ ____ Misha\\"aka, I ncl ______ _ Missoula, i\font ___ __ ___ Modesto, Calif.. ____ ___ Moline, Ill ___ __________ 267 425 551 I , 492 778 Monroe, Mich _______ ___ Monrov ia, Calif.. ______ Montcla ir, N.J ____ ____ _ Montebello, CaliL _____ Moutcrey, Calif. ______ 172 687 502 1, 155 916 Moorheocl, Minn ____ ___ 210 140 155 596 --- --- -- ---- --- - -- -- ------ ----- --- -- -- - -- ---- -l 485

-

Morton Grove, Ill __ ___ Motmtain View, alif_ _ MoW1t Clemens, Mich. 188 B urAggra- glary va ted breakassault ing or entering S50 and over Auto Under theft $50 282 251 124 2 69 3 28 132 615 48 418 443 444 54 180 13 11 194 183 453 72 4 12S 125 166 53 6 4 216 159 359 33 14 1 11 12 22 1 10 15 45 727 116 31 81 295 305 133 133 46 276 526 578 530 310 469 133 31 41 48 214 5 4 2 4 19 9 4 20 2 11 253 164 121 126 172 183 267 93 152 124 634 694 196 · 450 347 109 72 13 59 68 22 4 28 5 1 29 53 21 7 254 66 247 297 104 111 24 121 302 56 192 363 318 72 243 84 4 133 93 23 10 2 11 7 2 32 2 21 33 11 163 72 309 176 321 107 118 540 162 82 325 225 1, 056 564 230 56 24 105 45 94 25 3 30 111 21 10 319 136 373 2S6 78 228 412 158 691 15; 80 138 6 1 8 1 116 48 99 73 343 593 46 10 5 28 267 195 257 331 552 496 54 114 137 124 87 90 34 31 189 31 30 88 2 166 194 907 342 106 164 212 231 291 488 901 1,063 2, 181 499 7~ 130 249 109 85 316 217 062 414 51 203 205 222 298 260 270 323 524 620 93 66 199 148 50 7 51 191 210 107 56 67 27 179 176 69 79 837 498 3 419 Manhattan Beach , Calif_ ____ ____ __ __ ___ Manitowoc, Wis __ ____ _ Mankato, Minn _______ _ Maple l-Ieiirhts, Ohio __ Marietta, Ga _____ ____ _ 1\1orris town, 'I'enn __ ___ Robbery - -- - - - - - - --- ------ - - - - - - - - C ities f5 ,000 to 50,000 in population-Con. Longview, Wash ___ ___ _ L y nwood, Calif ____ __ _ Madison Heigh ts, Mich __ ___ _____ ___ __ _ Madison N.J ____Township, ________ __ ____ L arcen yt heft 2 2 l

--- ·------5

1 ---- ---2 3 17 -- ----- - ----- --- ---- ---3 2

-- --- --- -- ------ ------- - ----------- ---- -------2

17

- --- ----- -------7

10 1 4 10 - -------2 1 I 3 3 1 6 51 16 1 I 2 1 10 3 5 10 1 18 4 35 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 23 1 3 6 7 17 52 17 44 7 14 29 23 3 1 13 11 24 32 ti 59 lli 49 3 30 102 63 �Table 5 1.- Numbe r of Offe n ses K n o wn to the Police, 1965, Citie s and Towns 25,000 and Ove r in Popiilatio n - Continued L arcen ytbeft Cr iminal hom icide C ity Index tot al Murder and nonn egligent m anslaugbter Mansla ughter by n egl igence Forcible rape Robber y BurAggra- glaryvated break assault ing or entering - --- - - - - - - - - - - - --- $50 and over Auto U nder t heft $50 - -- - - - - - Cities i 5,000 to 50.000 in population-Con. Mount Lebanon T own s hi p, P a ___ ___ _ Mount P leasant, N . y __ Mount P rospect, IIL ___ Mus kegon , ~Jich ______ _ Mus kogee, Okla _____ __ )lapa, Cal if__ __ _______ _fl ____ __ ___ _ N ashua, 1 Na tchez\\,)Vliss __.. _____ N at ic k, 1 ass _____ __ ___ Na tional City, Calif__ _ Needham, Mass ___ ____

-lep

t unc T owns hip, N,L __ ___ _______ _____

\Tew Albany , Ind _____

New ark, Ohio ______ ___ N ew Brunswick, N .L :\Tew burgh , N. y _____ __ Pa ______ _

\Tew Castle,

).Tew Iberia , L a ______ __ 1 cw London, Conn ___ N e wport, K y ___ ______ _

\fC\vport B each, CaliL

N iles, IIL --- -- ·-··-- --- ~ orman , Okla _______ __ ~orrist0\\71 , P a ______ __

-<orthampton, i\fass ___

Nort h Bergen Towns h ip, .L-- - -- - -- --'forth Ch i~ago, Jll _____

\forth Runt inp-rlon

T'ownship. P a . .

\forth L as Vega.s, Nov .

---orth Miami, Fla . ___ _

\forth M iam i Beach,

Fl a. ----------------- ~orth Tonawanda, N.Y .---i' \!orwic-11 , Conn .... ---Norwood , M ac:;s _______ . orwood . O h io_. _____ _ Cal if__________ Novato, Nutley. N.J --- ---·--· Oak L awn, TII. __ _____ _ Oak Pa rk . Mich .... - -Oak Ridge, 'I'cn11. _. __ _ Oceanside. CaliL _.. __ Orange, N ,J __ ___ ______ Orange, Tex .- ______ __ Oranp-ctown, N .Y . --- · 138 84 156 913 601 l 1 2 683 486 118 719 514 2,081 3 24 622 570 115 583 249 14~ 799 776 515 184 324 338 359 299 174 518 413 !1 2 904 7R! l 6 184 377 212 314 043 4 19 483 1 2 2 1 2 71 48 152 39 22 83 96 147 294 165 43 1 132 305 304 278 165 679 527 591 103 134 93 209 14 13 2 15 19 105 2 22 27 18 3 26 230 57 30G 183 168 147 229 150 311 209 140 381 342 66 85 9 139 141 17 7 2 8 3 54 9 10 75 4 98 72 204 242 58 874 178 3 15 141 25 1,497 202 531 31 9 69 141 ,58 81 97 10 21 13 204 G2 211 66 213 2'i 244 140 83 3 35 Jfi 34 8 54 240 36 68 330 304 130 371 628 14 138 77 22 13 206 210 680 01 2 11 l 12 2 0 12 2 86 175 [30 60 92 120 ] 56 105 112 160 192 200 37 75 84 2 13 l 2 102 12 38 JG 34 147 121 47 1 46 615 020 143 36 25 11 4 9 833 342 141 140 i l 6 2 -- -------- ---- - --------------2 -------- -------2 2 7

--1 ·-----3- ------61

6 -- ---- -- --------------- --------------- - --·-- ·6

·---10 a -- 2 3

--------------- -------2

--- -------- --------- - ---2 4 3

-------·

--- ----- - ------- ------- - ----- · .. ---·-- -------2 3 l 1 2 I 3 2 6 3 2 I 22 43 23 7 1 4 27 46 4 l 40 364 371 71 5 1 5 3 15 6 13

-------- -------1

1 2 39 78 30 26 97 13 34 7 60

3 759 318 1 3 1 9 8 19 2 7 3 1 1 160 86 102 121 251 23 22 73 105 109 7 3 2 1 37

-- --- --------- --- --------

165 96 116 51 211 93 130 308 1, 093 531 14 162 425 853 583 1, 077 40 294 5

---- -- 2-- -- -- -- 5--

OtLumwa, I owa _______ Ovf'rland, M o __ _______ Owensboro. K y ____ ___ P aclucal1, Ky .. ________ 1 382 275 272 201 609 Osl1kosh , Wis ... -----· P acifica, Cn.lir ______ ___ 3 38 22 76 37 39 365 315 1 1 2 115 25 --- ---- - -------- --- -- - 1--------1 ------- - ----- --2

---3 - ------ 3--------30

1 -- ------- ------ -- -----3 ----- --- 52 12 I 4 4 26 34 7 72 130 28 06 45 201 194 33 321 164 284 74 815 29 127 198 109 939 21 15 66 92 128 401 213 272 57 396 07 63 176 307 702 383 684 53 56 95 96 50 72 74 91 96 82 189 �Table 51. - N umbe r of Offe nses Know n to the Police, 1965, C i ties a n d T owns 25,000 and Ove r in Population- Continued Cr iminal homicide Cit y Index total Mu r de r an d nonn egligent m anslaughter L ar cen yt heft Forcible slaugh- rape ter by n egligen ce M an- - - - --- - - Cities 25,000 to 50,000 in populalio11- Con . P ampn, Tex ____ ______ _ P a n:una CiLy. Fla ___ __ P aramus , N ,J_ ____ ____ P a rkersb urg, W. Va ___ P nr k F orest. Ill _____ ___ 253 516 580 453 122 P ark R idge, fll ______ __ P a rsippany-Troy Hills,N .J ____ _____ ___ P caborJ~,. M ass ________ P ekin, 111__ __ ____ ___ __ _ Pennsau ken . N ,J. _____ 191 210 249 406 4 I P erth Am boy , N ..T_ __ _ P etersbur!(. Va . ___ ___. P henix Cir y , Ala ______ Piscatawa y 'l'ownsl1 ip. N,J __ ______ ____ Pla infield, N .J ___ ____ _ 160 897 Pleasant Fl ill, Cali f__ __ P ocatello, I daho _____ __ Ponca C ity, Okla ___ __ P ort Ches ter, N .Y ____ Port Huron , Mich ____ _ 429 754 178 309 343 P or tsm ou t h, N .J-l __ ___ Por tsmou t h , Ohio _____ P ottstown, Pa __ ____ __ Poughkeepsie, r. Y __ _ Prairie V illage, Kans __ 358 • 672 295 584 290 P rovo, U tah . ____ _____ Quincy, Ill ___ ___ __ ____ Rad nor T ownship , P a. R a hway , N_J_ __ ___ ___ R am apo, N .Y _ ____ ___ 176 465 361 345 450 R edlands, Cali f_ __ __ __ 1 1 1 -- --- - -------1 -------- ---· 7 583 292 Richardson , T ex_ _____ Rich 0eld , Minn __ _____ R ichland, Wash ___ ____ _ Richmond , Ind ____ __ _ R iclge\\·oocl , N,J_ __ ____ Ridley Townshi p, P a_ Rochester, Minn ___ . . _ Rock m u , s .c ___ ____ _ 579 128 368 518 348 1 I 2 1

-- ---- ---2

1 3 1 2

--4 - ---- ---1
-

I 5 -- - - -- --- - - - - -- 9 9 11

----

4 56 6 5 2 Rome, Ga __ ____ _______ R ose,rille, Minn ___ ____ R oss T ownship, P a ___ R oswell , N. Mox_ ___ __ St. C harle\ Mo _ ______ t. Cloud, 1inn _______ St. Lou is P ark, Minn __ Salem, Mass ___ ______ __ 190 44 1 529 538 26! 529 100 151 380 98 55 275 391 507 317 556 723 211 347 696 441 91 58 183 25 6 6 13 75 237 447 242 II 208 248 66 40 134 119 51 88 2 11 2 18 49 4 40 129 27 139 420 130 2~5 131 85 262 641 132 14 103 43 5 2 32 12 64 89 455 43 217 262 659 14 124 2 1 JI 17 75 6 8 9 258 202 107 133 197 91 343 42 111 67 798 1, 227 140 321 730 50 120 22 44 63 3 31 28 39 167 267 73 307 157 131 231 90 147 114 261 556 239 535 224 3 116 96 72 15 1 55 197 132 152 202 66 212 164 86 191 946 140 197 31 147 53 41 44 81 23 322 241 172 251 60 301 150 155 169 25 540 188 509 384 193 95 402 35 74 19 4 15 272 60 139 167 176 171 30 133 233 101 921 227 382 800 398 108 2 83 108 2 48 102 I 15 151 236 228 69 188 200 154 97 151 224 257 538 224 350 172 72 86 92 39 93 290 140 133 282 236 347 48 139 295 39 498 62 1,016 736 174 43 17 73 101 160 I 2 3 1 2 3 1 4 2 6 1 1 I 2 l 11 1 9 4 17 24 5 16 2 1 13 I 16 2 17 9 27 JG 31 4 9 2 8 23 1 8 11 --- -- --- ------- - -- ---- --- --- --- --- ----4 3 13 2 2 2 11 12 6 2 I 7 12 4 9 3 1 25 2 5 9 -- --- --- ----- -- - ------- ------- - -- ----- 2 5 1 2 32 34 65 52 27 101 103

------3-

2 2 5 - -- 115 262 118 286 37 Rockville Cen t re, N . l '" __ _____ _________ Rocky Mow1t, N.c ___ $50 8

--- ---- --- - ------ 5

over Auto U nder t heft 27 15 7 11 -- ---- -- -- ---- ---- ----- ------- - -- -----3 I 5 $50 and ~ 1 2 2 2 Aggra- glar yv ated breakassault ing or en terin g 8 2 I -- ---------- --- -------- -------1 847 747 842 389 507 114 R evere, iVfass __ _____ ___ 1 4 1 1 B ur- R obber y

4 1

---- -- -----4

-- ------ -- ------ -------- 2 7 I 7 6 8:! 52 �Table 51. - Nu rnbe r of Offenses Known to t h e Police, 1965, Cities and To w n s 25,000 and Ove r in Popitlation- Cont inued L arcen ytheft C ri minal hmuicid e Murd er an d Index total City DOD- n egligen t man sla ug ht er Man sla ught er by n egligen ce F orcible rape Robber y BurAggra- glaryvated breakassaul t ing or entering $50 and over Auto Und er theft $50 - -- - - - - - - --- - -- - - - - - - -- Cities 25.000 to 50, 000 i11 p op ulation- Co n . i ~ I lj I Salina, K ans _________ _ Sa n B run o, Cal if_ ___ __ Sand usk y , Oh io ______ _ San Ga br iel, Cali f.. ___ Sa n L uis Obispo, C alif. 355 473 283 423 298 San R a fael, Calif_ ____ _ Santa C ru z, Calif.. ____ Santa F e, N . Mex. ____ Santa M aria, Cali L ___ San ta R osa, Calif.. ___ _ 882 853 844 551 Sa rasota, Fla __ _____ ___ Say rev iUe , ,J. ______ _ Scottsda le, A riz __ ____ _ Seda lia, :VJo ___ _______ _ Selma, Al a ___ _____ ____ I S haker H eigh ts, Ohio _ Sha ler T o\\·n ship , Pa __ S ha wnee, Okla ___ ____ _ S heboygan, Wis ____ __ _ S herman, Tex .- --- -- - - 1 sou t h Euclid , Ohio ___ _ Sou t hfield , :Vlich _____ _ Sou t hgate, Mich ----- - 1 Southington T own , Conn ____ ___________ _ Sou Lh an Fran cisco, Calif. _______ _______ _ Sparta n burg, S .C --- --Spr ia gfield T own ship, l., a ____ ______________ _ St,ltc C ollege, J> a _____ _ SLcu !Jen v ille, Ohio ____ _ Sti llwater , Ok la .- ----- 1 - - - - - - -2 l l 7 2 I I 752 2 ! 2 60G J 2 235 ----- --I, 145 1 4 303 l 396 4 3

--- - - - -- ---3

2 10 2 11 3 10 2 I 10 2 4

- -- - - ------- - - -- ----

120 - - - ---- -

-- -- -------4 3

I 237 525 8 726 3 -- --- --- ------ -- ----- -- - 264 155 470 193 l* 11::::::~: ::::::;:::::::~: 334 T c111plc, T ex - -- --- -'r exn rkan a, Tex . - ----T exas City, 'rcX- - ----Torr iagton, Conn - _. __ Trnmhu ll, Coun -----\..ipland, Ca lif l' ppc r _trlington , Ohio ________ __ ___ _ L' r l,ana, IJ J_ ______ ____ _ \ 'a ld osta, Ga ____ ____ __ Vancouver, Wash ____ _ Vc 11t.urn , Co.Hf. _______ _ v_~cks \~ur7; Miss _____ __ \ 1cton a, I CX---------\ ' illa Park, 111 __ __ ____ _ 613 --- ---·I 1 028 647 364 I 4 2 2 451 182 242 539 ! 75 ~26 379 413 1,049 258 43fi 159 591 407 479 239 79 56 99 44 66 43 JG 17 19 10 14 73 19 39 37 235 507 353 549 184 363 181 293 133 214 686 752 649 1,078 1, 103 126 102 165 101 91 809 162 830 393 278 115 I 2 -- --- --2 3 2 7 2 27 328 114 344 103 24 229 155 67 615 142 101 4 8 16 13 147 59 154 143 99 79 66 146 97 37 556 07 215 986 231 108 24 70 55 18 2 9 17 79 273 96 22 367 196 82 1, 002 4_92 13 154 153 69 11 6 8 511 106 2 2 4 l 4 8 20 35 4 40 l 5 2 5 I t -------- --- --- - I 4 218 175 33 32 3 12 213 685 125 5 13 20 104 68 18 1 63 88 67 133 101 373 137 268 220 54 18 56 9 I~ 6 20 23 15 86 287 186 228 274 254 107 83 88 373 326 665 450 95 32 89 159 4 10 196 98 224 23 68 62 463 179 11 8 113 46 93 1 545 182 514 146 68 79 70 59 49 2 2 3 2 3 6 I 2 2 72 4 102 17 304 295 I 73 166 69 2 7 12 11 6 265 81 201 306 465 36 48 11 7 19 ti2 89 06 I LI 74 71 145 406 247 278 5 27 43 9 21 I 8 13 6 33 56 73 14 173 473 88 23 1 68 158 377 63 82 44 420 737 ! 33 337 170 137 46 37 20 17 26 1 - ----- -- -- - ----g 3 72 6 JO I - - --- --- 19 18 20 -- - --- -- -- -- --- _ - -- - --- . 3 65 47 17 9 16 --- ----- ------- - ----- --· -- -- -- -- 'Paunton , Mass--- - - - - Teaneck T own ship, _

'1,J ___ ______________

Tempe, .Ariz __________ _ 147 102 64 125 63 4 Su pcri or, ,~-is StraLfo rd, Conn -- ----Su mte r, s.c __ ________ _ 129 244 133 194 173 3 168 3 18 9 32 8 8 20 ml::::::;::::::t:::::i 815 402 3 12 8 29 6 l Gfi 191 �I Table 51. - N umber of Offe nses Know n t o the Police, 1965, C ities and Towns 25,000 and Over in Population- Continue d Crim inal homicide City Index total Murd er and uonn egligen t m anslaughter L arcen ytheft Manslau ghter b y negligen ce - -- - - - Forcib le rape --- Cities £5 ,000 to 50,000 in population- Co n . Vineland , N,J ___ ___ ___ W akefield , M ass .. __ __ W alla W alla, W ash ____ W allingford, Conn ____ \ Vatertown, 1\1ass ___ __ 292 196 387 371 383 W atertown , N. Y __ ___ _ W aukesha, W is_ . . W ausau. Wis __ ______ __ Wayne Township, N .J _ W ebster Groves, Mo .. 514 215 la9 527 220 W eir ton , W . Va __ _____ W ellesley, Mass ___ __ __ -------222 Westfield , M ass _____ __ 311 Westfield, N.L ______ __ 176 West H aven , Conn ____ 564 West M ifflin , P a ___ ___ "\Vest New York, N .L_ West Orange, N.J. __ __ "\Vcst por t , Conn _______ West Seneca, N. Y __ __ 160 425 303 560 363 \\' est Spri ngfield, Mass_ Wheaton, Ill _... __ ____ W hi tehall , Ohio.. __ __ _ Wilkinsburg, P a ____ ___ Williams port, Pa ______ 337 135 345 501 443 W il mette, Ill . __ ____ __ _ Wi lmington , N. C ____ _ Wilson. N.C ___ __ __ ___ 244 I, 259 477 103 263 \ Vinona, M in n __ __ ___ _ W oburn , M ass ____ ____ W oonsocket, R.l. . __ . _ W yandotte , M ich _____ Ya ki ma, W ash ___ _____ Y u ma, A riz _____ ______ Z Rl1 CS \7jl] e , Ohio ___ __ __ 4.,o 455 l, 22 1 807 396 Canal Zone ____ ______ __ 619 O umn _______ ___ _____ __ Puerto R ico ___ ________ 42. 577 0 3 10 2 6 3 --- --- -- ------ ---- ----- -- ---- ---- --- 2-- -------- 4 Ro bbery 1 1 1 1 11 2

--32

--- -- --- -------------- - - - ------- ----- - ----- ----- ---- - ------ -2 2 4 6 2 328 262 827 201 157 5 1 3 9 7 353 97 70 259 132 109 77 56 208 55 399 274 612 307 279 4 12 9 110 125 68 213 92 130 60 231 84 251 105 365 20 45 36 10S 7 4 7 6 14 6 6 8 63 264 159 230 1 7 43 54 68 241 111 65 193 160

173

225 46 84 63 75 49 6 13 5 6 3 9 100 .'i9 149 207 223 129 57 138 74 154 216 273 393 292 607 ~6 13 3i 193 211 156 1 11 7 502 120 37 103 81 255 103 45 98 468 815 467 I l 79 78 16 60 7 38 74 46 2 142 158 569 327 200 141 11 5 388 33! 98 153 820 1,999 669 421 14 5 122 161 134 83 7 25 10,827 361 272 15. 264 198 122 8. 649 910 413 9.300 5. A.5\l 1 3 6 6 3 1 3 1 2 5 3 1 5 3 1

--- - --- ---- - ----- --1 ------- 2
-2

I II 317 49 2:l 39 40 IO I 4G 3o 2.~ 4:3 20 I ncom plete 1 7 7 2 1 180 $50 15 74 181 154 121 5 6 2 U nd er the ft 189 96 132 171 147 2 3 1 2 1 Auto $50 and over 21 3 23 1 5 6 4 8 -- ---- -- ------ -- ----- --- ---- ---2 --- -- --- -------1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- ---

-- ------ --

-- -- --25 --- ----- ----- --- ---- ---3 2 Bur- Aggra- glar yvated breakassault ing or entering 10 22 8 1 37 11 4 1 13 1 2 4 1 26 53 11 1 2 425 I. 184 19 19 8 77 192 U . S. GOVERNMENT PRIN TIN G OfFlCE : 1966 43 40 31 14i �FOR CHANGE OF ADDRESS Complete this form and return to: DIRECTOR FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20535 (Name ) (Title) (Address) (City) (Zone) (State)

-- - - - - - -- - -- --- ---- -- ---- ---- -- -- - - ------------- --- --- -- -- --- -- - - -------- - -- -- ----- - - -- - - ------ -- ------- -- -- -- -- - ---------- -- - .

�UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE POSTAGE AND FEES PAID FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION FEDERAL BUR EAU OF INVESTIGATION WASHINGTON 2 5 , D .C . OFFICIAL BUSINESS RETURN AFTER 5 DAYS �8 ~~Ji~~ ~ .,&~ �!:2_.'.<_ s-r--- A- -e /1- <F-t P--~ /r -/ILK j • SosLy. @ --R_ v (e_ ~ I ���~ tiJl;j,ePme1,ot, ® a,-...,.,,.,, . 5 T 2897N - • J �TO: FROl\1: D For your information D Please refer to the attached correspondence and make the necessary reply. 0 FORM 25-4 Advise me the status of the attached. �~ ~ " & , , , 9 ' ~ , ( 3__ _ ---

~ u;. -~~ ~~3_f_<-J::-~- - _ _ _ _ _3_ - _2 f-~7-~I~ ~ 2L¼o4 ~""=---...:- - - - - - ~ -~ �~ - ~ ', ~ J,L ~ ~ ~~ ~ ~­ ~~ L ~ r ~ ~ �r TO: FROM: D For your inform a tion D Please refer to the attached correspondence and make the necessary reply. 0 Advise me the status of the attached. /4'. FORM 25 -4 �- ~ ' THE CITY OF NEW YORK . COMMISSION ON HUMAN RIGHTS 80 LAFAYETTE STREET NEW YORK, N. Y. 10013 AN EQUAL Cl IANCE TODA Y--A BETTER CiTY T().~..10RROW The Honorable Ivan Allen , Jr ., Mayor City Hall Atlanta, Georgia .AI FO R POLICE EMERGENCY ONLY DIAL 440-1234 �I ~ § 1'1H 1 ,: .• / / ,, •.. ·~ ' ,c_f\. -, ·"' ��I �TO: FROM: Ivan Allen, Jr. D For your information D Please refer to the attached correspondence and make the necessary reply. 0 F O RM 2 5-4 Advise me the s t a tus of the a ttach ed . ��P . O. Box 565 Charl otte , North Carolina May 16 , 1967 Chi ef of Poli ce City of Atlanta Georgia Dear Sir : Over a year ago I ,,3.s in Atl a nta and "'as goi ng south on Peachtree . When I crune to I 85 , I was in the ri ght h and lane a nd mad e a r :Lght t1-1rn an<l h ad to wa -i t to get b ac k int o th e traffic l a ne o n J 85 . I wa it e d for traffic to cl e ar so I could ge t on I 85 a nd was g ive n a ticke t for this . I wrot e y ou about this a nd e xplained wha t h appe ned . This morning again I was go ing south on Peachtr ee and made a spec i al effort t o get in th e second l ane to wh ere I could turn to ge t on t h e Expre ssway and wh e n I got to the Expressway , I turn ed off of Peachtree . A Police Officer on a motor cycle pulle d me over a nd said I h a d broke n the l aw a nd gave me a citation for it . Hon es tly , I do n ' t understand how to get on or off of Peachtree to the expres - way , becaus e I have done both waJs and have got ten a ticket for it both times . My t hi nking on it i s this ; I was us ing good hors e sense judgement to k eep traffic moving and stay out of troubl e t oo , but I b ate to b e cl~ss ified as not knowing how to drive , b e caus e I have b een drivin g many, many y ears, a nd it s eems I can ' t do anything ri ght at Peachtree and I 85 . I exp l a in e d to the Officer what happened before and told him I thought he should h ave g ive n me a warning ticket instead o f g iving me a ticke t ; however h e didn ' t agree , so I run turning th e ticket ove r to you and hope that you will t ake this ticket of t h e rec ords b e cause I hon es tly do not fe e l that I should pn.y fur do i_ng somctl1ing that I had don e th e wny it had t o be clo n e lx· f or0. T, 0t m0 r1 0 11r from y011 -j n r0p;11rn :i to th -i s . Vl ·, ·.v t. ,· 11 1 .v .v c, 111 ·:; , htt!P~ Troy Whit eh ead TW:ve CC Municipal Tra ffic Court CC Mayor Ivan All en F.nr 7 • �DEFEN D ANT SE E R EV E RS E S IDE No. CITY OF ATLANTA Municipal Traffi c Court of Atlanta 751566 104 Trinity Avenue, S. W. Re sident / ,._ _,,.,: ,r.'; I' _ Addres,,__ ._- _ ..,_ -..._ _._- _- -· _,.___ _~ _ ·•...,;·;... · - - - ' -·Business Addres,,__ _ _· .c..·:.c. -<.A'--_.;,....;.~ - - -'- ,;. ' -' - ...L-.-='- , •• ~ - -- - - "" -"-'- ... - -- -•' Owne r of Vehic le_ _ _--:.. · .c..'.:... ' - ~'-------- - -- - -- - -- - ./ Dri ve r Col or _ _r'--_ _ _ _ Li ce nse No. t:---; , Make of se ~ - ~"=--, - - -- - Veh icle _ Bir th ; Date / ., .., -/ / ":> / / . ..---y·\-- , .;.-_ ___ ,i' -'-' ---'--"'· - - - ' ~ - - - - - - -- _ Li cense Numb er ~ 1 / (- , _ _ _:)) • ' ~ I '-·· ' tJ 1 • • YOU ARE HEREBY COM MANDED, to be and app ear at the MUNICIPAL TRAFFIC ' COURT OF ATLANTA, to be held in the TRAFFIC COURT BUILDING, 104 Trinity Avenue, S. W. at _ 7 ~· ,,,. .• - - - - - - -- - - - - - . . . . . - -·'---• to answe r , Jo th e charge of ,; -··---~~ D D D D / ·-- _·_ o'c lo ck _ _ M. on the-2.-2-day of_"-, _, ..,_/~-· _ _ 19_ :_ / / Exceedi ng Speed Limit <- --~M.P.H. in _ _ _ M.P.H. Zo ne) Vi olatin g Traffic Signal (R ed Light} Ordinance_ _ __ _ __ Violating Stop Sign Ordinance _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ Ill ega l Park ing (describe) • "- Location~_ _ _ _ -1o_ ..._ -~ / _._-:i=_'_._,,_ ,_.r _, ___ _ ___ / ,•,/ t'_ _ _ A.M. P.M . I n th e City of At lanta o n th e,~ -""---day o f~ •c.-..·'_,_.,,..__ 19 _._ tlll 'l - - ' dny oL __ _ __.....,,._·_ 19--- I / I / By Officers _ __.,,,_ (_ _ ~ ~·- ,_,. _.-_-_~_{).. _ -:.' - - · - -__ .,._-_ _ __ _ . ..., D Number Arr ested D Copy (" _, / Assi gnm en~ ""'~ -~ ·" _ ...,_ Di st._,_ - _- _. __ �L - ar-ef)!:t ~ Hd ~ -:a.,.· 1 .~ t I.U.f ""41 I~ Q_ �Adantd police adapt to neiv restrictions Fashion hunters bag trophies in Italy �TH E D E NV' ER PO S T Tuesday. Oct.24.1967 / icago Lea s U.S. In egro Policemen Continued froin page 5 incidents don't blossom into ugly racial turmoil. Griffin and Williams both happen to be Negroes - officers of the kind that many Chicago police officials believe can do a better job in tense racial situations than white officers can. They have the "feel" of the ghettos. Chicago's Negro policemen are more numerous than in any other city in America. Department spokesmen estimate there are between 3,000 and 3,500 Negroes on the 10,967-member police force. A study by the Lawyers' Committee for Civil Rights Under Law put the number at 2,940. Either way, Chicago ·s percentage of Negro policemen is second only to Baltimore's. Taking the lower figure of the Lawyers' Committee, the Negro contingent is 26.8 per cent of the department. Chicago's 812,637 Negro citizens make up only 22.9 per cent of the city's over-all population of 3,550,400. Included in the ranks of Negro policemen are 91 sergeants, 7 lieutenants and 5 captains. Four of the captains are district commanders. Most Decorated Officer or for the department is to investigate all incidents of bigotry or discrimination with-in the department and in its dealings with the public. No one pretends, however, that the department's full integration and its policy of fairness in promotions have solved all its problems. At the time Mosby was interviewed he had just written a story about an attractive Negro woman's complaint that several policemen-Negro and white-had staged an illegal gambling raid on her home, without a search warrant, and roughed her up. "I couldn't tell you a lie and say the Negro community is completely satisfied with the department," says Deputy Chief Nolan. "They're not. We're not perfect by a long shot. But we certainly try to do every damn thing we can. Nolan is a Negro, too. There are now two ways an officer can advance to high command positions in the Chicago department. Most of them do it the hard way-by competing against other officers on civil service examinations. Commander Sims made his civil service rank of captain by placing first on a list of 200 lieutenants who took the examination. He was the first Negro ever to top an exam list. The department's most decorated officer is a burglary detail detective, Howard SpoonSpecial Recognition er, 35. He is the only Negro ever to win the But under the system of reforms that WilLambert Tree Gold Medal Award for "exson brought to the department seven years ago there also is a way to give special recceptional bravery." Established in 1886, it ognition to men with special talents or backis Chicago's highest honor. grounds. Even in Chicago, however, Negroes' rise to There are 73 personnel positions in the deprominence on the Police Department is a . partment's $91 million budget that are exrecent thing. empt from civil service. Deputy Chief Nolan "Before Superintendent Wilson came, we fills one of them. had like four sergeants and one captain," Spokesmen said the department had to ofsays Lieutenant Williams. fer Nolan lieutenant colonel's pay--$16,572 a Orlando W. Wilson, named by Mayor Dal- - year compared with the $14,000 that Denver's ey in March 1960 to reorganize the departMayor Tom Currigan makes-in order to ment and rid it of corruption and political get him back. He had taken a leave of abinfluence, laid down his policy on discrimisence in December 1965 to become the weUnation in General Order No. 61.-I.Z on Feb . 6, paid deputy director of the Chicago Com1961: mission on Human Relations. His civil service rank: Sergeant. "The Chicago Police Department will be "A policeman nowadays has to be accompletely integrated, and no discrimination tively involved in the social problems of his will be made in appointments, promotions, community-something I dare say the oldassignments, transfers or other personnel time policeman would have laughed like hell actions because of race, creed, color or poat," Nolan says. litical beliefs. "The sole factor to be considered is whethQuick Rea ction Time er a man is the best man for the job." "George Sims has a tremendous rapport Policy Continued This policy has been continued by Supt. James B. Conlisk Jr., who succeeded the retiring Wilson on the day Big Jim Nicholaou shot Julius Woods. As a result, "there are people in positions of command who have some idea of the problems in the Negro ghettoes," says Don Mosby, police reporter for the Daily Defender, the nation's biggest Negro daily newspaper. "If a Negro can go to a Negro captain and explain his difficulty, it creates, psychologically, a much better situation. A Negro officer is more acutely attuned to his problems. "I was raised here," Mosby adds. "I went through some of the bad years. It used to be if you were Negro with an Irish name and you got stopped by a cop, you would end up getting knocked on your butt. Things have changed." About 60 per cent of Chicago's two-man patrol cars carry one Negro officer and one white. There aren't enough Negro officers to complete the job. "Who an officer works with has nothing to do with how effectively he does his job," says Lieutenant Williams. "We have had here, to my knowledge, one instance where a white officer refused to work with a Negro on strictly those grounds- the man's color . I feel sure that if there were others I'd be aware of it." Williams' job as human relations coordinat- with the gangs in his district, and I do mean gangs. The Cobras. The Vice Lords. The Roman Saints. If need be, be stands ready to meet force with force . But he'll also talk to these gangs or anyone else who has a legitimate complaint." The quick reaction time for which the Chicago department has become famous in answering calls for help also applies to its re- LT. RO BERT A. WILLIAM S Ho s the "fee l" of the g hettos. lations with minorities. It seeks out complaints and tries to remove their causes before a crisis develops. This is accomplished through constant contacts with neighborhood action groups, civil rights organizations, even outfits like the American Nazi party. Community services sergeants are assigned to all 20 police districts to maintain lines of communication with the public. Sergeant Wilson, the man who made the 175 telephone calls the day Julius Woods was shot, is one of them. Capt. Thomas P . Hayes, the department's community relations coordinator, runs a series of monthly workshops in each district at which the department goes looking for criticism. "We_ never went out seeking complaints before," Hayes says. "We don't condone brutality or discrimination·. When it's brought to our attention to take the proper action and report back to the complainant as quickly as possible." The department's Internal Investigations Division helps in these investigations, but it doesn't have the final say ever ·whether the police were right or wrong. An attorney reviews all its investigations and has the power to alter or overrule its findings. He seldom has to. "The policeman who might be responsible for an incident today i s not doing the department any damn good," says Nolan. "If he's covered up for the first time, he might touch off something next time that would involve the whole city." Spanish-Amer-icans Soug ht Richard Heffernan, the department's assistant personnel director, has been mor e concerned about r ecruiting Spanish-American and P uerto Rican officers lately tban be has Negroes. "We realized the problem with the Spanish before the Spanish came to us," he said. , " We surveyed the force and realized we didn't have as many as we should. We p robably had four Spanish-speaking sergeants with Spanish backgrounds." Courses were set up to teach more patrolmen on the force how to speak Spanish, and Heffernan got from the Civil Ser vice Commission the names of more ' than 100 a DETECTIVE HOWARD SPOONER, LEFT, MOST DECORATED OFFICER IN CHICAGO Here he receives Lambert Tree Gold Medal Award for exceptional b ra ve ry in ceremony three years ago. Mayor Richard Daley is at ce nter, ex-Supt. Orlando Wilson, right. CAPT. THOMAS P. HAYES Goe s loo king fo r critici sm. SUPT. ORLANDO W . WILSON Discrimina tio n barred ih 1961. Mexican-Americans and Puerto Ricans who had taken the entrance exams and failed. All of them were invited to take a preexamination study course ·set up under the Act. Those with jobs were to attend 40 weeks of classes in night school. Those who were unemployed would go for 20 weeks of dayti~ classes and would get an allowance during training. The first class of 15 men graduated last Aug. 18. Thirteen passed the civil service examination. "There's still a problem, though," said Heffernan. " One man is definitely out because even though he could pass the test in English, he can't speak it well enough to be a policeman. Another was too short, and a third was just too far underweight. So there are three who aren't going to make it." Training Best Solution Heffernan said he feels training, both for entrance examinations and promotions, is the best way to get more minority group representation in police departments. "I realize some of the more militant Negroes would say, 'Forget the civil service. Give it to us'," Heffernan said. "But I don't believe at all in reducing our requirements. . "The criminal isn't getting any dumber. He's getting smarter every day. Further more, he said, reducing the requirements for some officers and not for others would only create resentment and internal strife in a police depar tment. Lieutenant Williams, who might fit Heffernan's definition of a militant Negro, said in his opinion th~ only attributes necessary for a good police officer are good health, judgment and the ability to reason. "I'm familiar with all those excuses," he said. "But I r egard them as just that-excuses. · " Any in-depth study of ~ department will show that the men who have gotten the promotions are no . better qualified than any other officer. I r ealize that is a pretty broad statement. "But it's easy to say they can't do it if they've never been given an opportunity to do it. "It doesn't lend itself to ready solutions," Williams said. " Somebody in a uthority has got to assert himself. When he does, he'll find he doesn't stand alone." �T HE D EN V ER P O ST Chief Says Minority Officers "The fact partmem i Thoma J. · '·They are o Judases and s '"l'heir pres ce swer all th charges you." In San Fran ·sea these da ·s ifs necessary to put four-man patrol cars on the streets to guard against po ibly serio racial flareups. There Is one in service at all times and often three on weekends, Sergeant in Each- Car Each car is commanded by a sergeant. The men assigned to them are experts in karate, the J apanese style of combat in which a man s hands and feet are his only weapons. They carry flak suits, helmets, walkie-talkie r adios and tear gas. If real trouble starts they wfll be the first on the scene. San Francisco's l,lalO-man Police Department is one of e many in metropolitan centers that is in the throes of trying to develop a war able plan for riot control as a result of the growing militancy of the U.S. civil rights movement. Like manv others. it has been accused of police bruta.lity a t times and of dsicriminating against minorities at times. And it has the same personnel pr lems that aggravate th~ situatian elsewhere. It is short oi men. It has fe\ er 'egro officers than it would like to have and than the city's civil rights leaders would like to ha e. It has no ·egro officers in command positions. Critics 'who seek: simple solutio say it's no great problem lo r ecruit and promote m ore Negro policemen. But police administrators interviewed at the r ecent convention of the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) in Kansas City, Mo., said the opposite is true, especially in the larger cities. More 1 \i an E~ua\1 If a city bends" its civil service rules or fi nds a way to sidestep them for the benefit of minority group officers, it is declaring them more than equal. "The obligation is on the man himself," said P olice Chief Frank C. Ramon of Seattle, Wash. " Any man who is competent to pass the entrance examination can prepare himself to pass the promotional exams. But it requires diligence and continuity of ef- fort." There are fewer than 12 Negroes on Seattle's 1.001}-man force. One of them is a lieutenant. commanding the city jail staff, and another is a patrol division sergeant. "The whole design of civil service is to give each man an equal opportunity for advancement," Ramon said. "During his time in rank he can prepare for the promotional tests. " San Francisco has developed programs to Seeing this, he said, young Negro men opt to remain a black brother instead of going over to Whitey's side. Spec ial Classes Offered Good C ommanders? Special classes are offered at San Francisco Sta e C liege for any policeman who ants to take a promotional exam and who suspects he can't make the grade. " We encourage - in fact we insist to a degree - th.at the Negro officers take part in the program to gi e them an equal chance, Cahill said. But ou can't have special training for minorities alone. That's discrimination in reverse, and you cannot do it. You just can't do it." · So far only one 'egro patrolman in San Francisco bas qualified for promotion to ser- geant. 'Ib.e Bay City's recrui1ing drive was a failure on its first effort. "We put on a program jointly sponsored b · the department and the adult education division to enable minorities to take a course for entrance, Cahill said. ' 'We only got "J:l to sign up and about half of them were Negro. Dropouts lo ·ered t.he class to 5, and it as discontinued. «we advertise," he said. "We do everything possible to get Negroes to come into the department. But I would rather pay overtime lo the men in the department meeting the standards than lower the standards · to bring more men in. " Since our race riots we ha,e trouble recruiting anybody-not just Negroes." Do Ne gr o es make good commanders? Definitely yes, said Deputy Chief Richard Simon of Los Angeles. " Negro officers in our department are shown no favors and no restrictions " he said. " As a r esult they're proud of. their jobs. We find .that a Negro officer who passes our exam and enters the academy is as good as anybody else. He's just a person. Simon said he didn't know exactly how many Negroes are on the 5,200·man Los Angeles force, because the California F air . Employment P ractices Department _prohibits keeping statistics on r ace. But he said there are several hundred, including many in command positions. "Our promotional examinations are extremely competitive," he said, "particularly above lieutenant. A man has to study for months or years to pass. A Negro officer has to want to work that hard: Ours do." The department is completely integrated. Los Angeles, about 14 per cent Negro, has instituted a series of public meetings and presentations in schools to recr uit more Negro officers. Plans are being made to give entrance examinations, both written and physical, in every police station instead of one central location. Applicants will be able to take the exams in a day. Pay Not C ompetitive Revamping Training But one thing that police officials suspect, Ramon and Cahill included, is that men and women who are well educated and who would be able to pass rigid civH service exams simply don't want to work for policemen's pay. " Let's face it," said inspector Paul Lenz of the Los Angeles P olice Department. "There is the same demand for the welleducated Negro today as for the well-educated Caucasian. We 've got to start competing in the way of salaries for the educated man, be he Negro or white." Another possible reason for difficulty in recr uiting Negroes was suggested by Herman Johnson, a Negro and a member of the Kansas City, Mo., Human Relations Commission. "Negroes see no image in the _police department any more," he said. " The history has been, throughout the country, that the police departments are not the kindest and fairest organizations in their dealings with the people of the inner city areas." A white Kansas City, Kan. , government official who didn't want to be quoted directly expressed the view that Negroes who advance to the higher ranks in police work "lose touch" with the Negro community at large and are looked upon as members of the It also is revamping its training from a straight three months in the police academy to a 20-week course of alternate academy classes and field work- getting the rookies out on the streets with regular officers to see how it's done. • Lenz and Simon said the department hopes to make testing and training more available to applicants without lowering the department's standards. The only police official interviewed by The Denver Post who said he doesn't have trouble recruiting Negroes was Arthur Andrew Chojnacki of Hamtramck, Mich., a city of 40,000 that is enclosed on three sides by Detroit. Chojnacki, a policeman 27 years, said there has always been a substantial numb'er of Negro officers on his 84-man department. There are now 15, including a Negro lieutenant, who succeeded Chojnacki as head of the 16-man detective bureau, and two Negro sergeants. Chojnacki said he settled on the Negro lieutenant as detective chief after a trial period in which he rotated command monthly between the Negro and two white lieutenants. "The men accepted it very well," he said. "They take their orders. He's actually fair- white power structure. 2 Kansas Citys Have Negro KANSAS CITY, Mo.-In most respects Lt. Col. Clifford A. Warren and Maj. Boston Daniels are no different from career officers on metropolitan police departments elsewhere in the country. They don't want to be. But in some settings-Denver, for example -they would stand out for one reason alone. Both men are Negr'les with command responsibi,itiec;. Warren, tall and trim, is 56 years old but looks under 40. It's been 28 years since he entered the Kansas City, Mo., Police Department as a probationary patrolman. Heads Division in Department He now heads the department's Youth, Women's and Missing Persons Division and .is one of the top half-dozen police comtnandPrs on this side of the Kansas River. He also is the highest-ranking Negro polic&man in Missouri Daniels , 62, is the graying, heavyset detective chief of the Kansas City, Kan., Po- lice Department. Like Warren, he answers only to his chief. A policeman 22 year s, Daniels was the first Negro officer in Kansas to win his lieutenant's bars, the first to make captain and is now the state's only Negro major . Civil service in the two Kansas Citys, however, doesn't cover all ranks of policemen, so there is room for promotions to be made outside such narrow limits as examination scores. Chief Promote s in Kansas On the Kansas side, civil service competition applies only to men making their original applications for police work. All promotions are made by the chief, who first asks for recommendations from his three division commanders. There are civil service exams for the ra,nks of sergeant, lieutenant and captain in Kansas City, Mo., with the captain test added only recently. Majors and lieutenant colonels are appointed by the chief. • I e The different civil service r ules may be one reason for the different roles Negroes play in the two police departments. In Kansas there are 41 Negro· officers out of 223 men. A Negro captain and two Negro lieutenants work under Daniels in the detective division, and there are Negro sergeants in the auto theft and youth bureaus, also headed by Daniels. A Negro lieutenant and a Negro corporal work in the unifor m division, and a Negro sergeant is on the motorcycle squad. On the 1M issouri Side In Kansas City, Mo., however, there are only 50 Negro officers out of a cur rent departmental strength of 922. And there are no Negro supervisors in the ranks between Warren and the seven Negro sergeants . "Kansas City is a great token town," said Dr. Girard T. Bryant, a Negro educator appointed to the Kansas City (Mo. ) Board of Police Commissioners 3½ years ago by Missouri Gov. War ren Hearnes. "Cliff (Warren) is a very good officer- r 0 try to recruit more Ne o officers and to help them p.: - their promotional tests once they have progr~ through the patrol ra Tuesday, Oct. 24, 1967 7 ,., er than the white ones ar e- more understanding. To tell you the truth the men would rather work for him. " When the Detr oit rioters bore down on Hamtramck last July, Chojnacki said, " Our colored officers were just as anxious to get out there and stop it as the white ones were. " Chojn~cki and his men, using· what he called " P olish tanks" - big garbage compaction trucks-sealed off the six main thoroughfares into Hamtramck and in two places turned back crowds of rioters. $25,000 in Loot Recovered "We made 72 arrests the first night and recovered $25,000 in loot," he said. " Detroit loot. We didn't have a broken window in our city." Hamtramck is about 80 per cent P olishArnerican, and a substantial percentage of its remaining citizens ar e Negro. Chojnacki said his department hires any Negro who can pass the civil service exams and background check, and all promotions are based on civil service standards. St. Louis police officials have doubled the number of Negroes on their department in two years. There are now more than 300 out of an authorized str ength of 2,100 men. It was done by use of a cadet system, an ~ intense recr uiting ca mpaign in which Negro stars of the St. Louis Cardinals professional football team spoke at predominantly Negro high schools, and with the help of civil rights organizations. There also is an incentive program in which any officer who brings in a new recruit gets five extra vacation·days. "We've got a Negro captain who saved us all kinds of trouble this summer," said Edward L. Dowd, president of the St. Louis Board of P olice Commissioners. "He's got 250-275 officers under him, and I guess 200 of them are white. When he handles a situation there isn't the backlash there would be with a white commander." There are 4 Negro captains, 5 Negro lieu. tenants and about 35 Negro sergeants in St. Louis. In Force's Best Interest " It is in the depar tment's best interest to recognize a fair number of Negro officers with promotions," Dowd said. "We{ve done· it, and the men haven't resented it. As long as you pick a man for his capabilities, whether he's a white officer or a Negro officer, the men are willing to work for him." A training program was set up at the St. Louis police academy last year' to help potential r ecruits pass their entrance examinations. But there is no special training for promotions. The academy staff will outline a study program for anyone who wants to take a promotional exam, but "a man's got to study and do it on his own time," Dowd said. " li he wants to go to junior college we'll pay his tuition and arrange his work schedule. After that it's up to him." 0 a very fi ne man. But one Negro commander isn't enough. We've never had a captain or a lieutenant, and we don't have any Negro commanders over district stations." Although he was critical of the gap in Negro policemen, Dr. Bryant said it wasn't a simple matter to correct. Lieutenant's Exam a Barrier "The big stumbling block seems to be that they can't pass the lieutenant's exam," he said. "The men themselves realize their shortcomings. Two of them told me they just simply flunked the exams. One veteran sergeant didn't answer 22 questions, and he has a college degree." He said 7 of the 11 Negro detectives on the department also have college educations. Colonel Warren doesn't. He has only a high· school diploma. Warren's progression through the rank::was sporadic, and was helped along times by civil rights organizations. "I think the idea of making Cliff asf' Continued on page 8 tr- �8 THE DENVER PO S l Tuesday, Oct. 24, 1967 Men JUdged By Abilities Continued from page 7 to the chief was just one of those things where they put somebody in a position to satisfy some of the complaints," Dr. Bryant said. Aide to Three Chiefs LT. COL. CLIFFORD WARREN Top-ranked Negro in Missouri. Warren actually was assistant to three chiefs over seven years. He served under Bernard C. Brannon and the present chief, Clarence Kelley, plus Col. E. I. Hockaday, a Missouri State Highway Patrol officer who served as interim chief between Brannon's departure and Kelley's selection. Later, apparently in response to complaints by civil rights organizations, he was made night commander of operations with more than 450 men and women under his control. During this three years, Warren said, he "tried to determine the nature of some of the complaints and do something about them." Warren said the department's policies concerning Negroes have changed in the last few years. "We have undergone a complete reorganization in which Negro officers are assigned throughout the department," he said. "This was not in response to the complaints. Plans had been made prior to the complaints, but we were trying to put each man in a job where he could best serve. "We're making every effort to get away from the idea of a Negro officer or a white officer," he added. "We go on the man's ability. Many of our district commanders often don't know whether a man's Negro or white. He sends the men out, and if they happen to be partners they work together. " Asked whether he thought he had ever spent an unreasonable time in rank, Warren said, "Fr ankly, from the time I was a patrol officer up to becoming a sergeant of detectives, yes. It took me 16 years. Testing Stricter Now "But things are different now. If you make the top of the (promotion) list, that's it. We've had stricter testing procedures the last 15 years." Was his delay in making sergeant because of discrimination? "Actually, I don't know. Let's put it that way. After I did make sergeant I advanced through the ranks the same as white officers." Herman Johnson, a member of the city's H u m a n Relations Commission and vice president of the Missouri chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, had a different view of promotions. The department still "gets all military when you start pressing them about promotions for Negroes," he said. "They give you this hokum that they didn't pass the exam, or that they passed the exam but failed the oral, or that they've got demerits against their records." Negroes Apparently Stay Away MAJ. BOSTON DANIELS Chief of detectives. Both department and Negro spokesmen agree, however, that the over-all shortage of Negro policemen in Kansas City, Mo., is a recruiting problem more than anything else. Many Kansas City Negroes apparently don't want to be policemen. Current estimates by the City Planning Commission place Kansas City's population at about 585,500 in a metropolitan area of more than 1.3 mi1Iion. Johnson said about 102,000 citizens in the city proper are Negro, or about 17 to 18 per cent. The 50 Negro officers on the Police Department constitute 5.4 per cent. MOTORCYCLE POLICEMEN NATHANiEL VEAL (LEFT) AND RUSSELL LEASBURG Assignments for Negr9 officers in Miami indicate the doub le standard has ended. The department now is trying to do something about recruiting more Negroes. A Negro sergeant works full time at it in Negro neighborhoods, and cooperation is being sought from ·predominantly Negro churches and civil rights organizations. But Johnson said deep-seated resentment against the department is going to make it difficult. "The mere fact that you don't have open occupancy is a factor, " he said. "A Negro policeman generally can't move into a better neighborhood and live with his peers. He has to live with the thugs," Johnson said, referring to the crime rates in the ghettoes. Another factor, he said, is Negroes' traditional inability to make rank higher than sergeant. centages-it just worked out that way. "If we can find a good, qualified man, regardless of who it is, we're going to grab him," he said. " Our Negro officers do a real good job." IL But the Police and Fire Departments both had been segregated in recent years. "They sent Negro officers to poliae Negro parts of town," said Todd H. Pavela, executive director of the city's Commission on Human Relations. Most of our police brutality complaints, until two years , ago, were - against Negro officers. They were sort of a law unto themselves. " Boston (Major Daniels) got his reputa~ tion for his excellent police work in the Negro community. He was sort of the unofficial Negro chief of police." Pay Is 'Pretty Good' Increasingly Tolerant View "The police department salary may be mediocre for a white man but it's pretty good for a Negro," he said. "Auto assembly lines, post office work or teaching are about the only jobs with comparable pay. But if they don't advance beyond the lower ranks, they figure , 'Why bother?' " Capt. Clifford Holbert, the department's per·sonnel officer, said recruiters are concentrating now on trying to . hire recently discharged servicemen or graduates of police science courses at Kansas City's Metropolitan Junior College or Central Missouri State College at Warrensburg. Regular recruiting pitches a.re -made at Richards-Gebaur Air Force Base outside Kansas City, Whiteman AFB at Knob Noster, Mo., and Ft. Leonard Wood n ea r, Waynesville, Mo. Missouri law requires that all Kansas City policemen be Missouri residents. But, says Dr. Bryant, " We have a hard time finding Negro recruits even when we go out of town." More recently the city has taken an increasingly tolerant racial view, partly because of the leadership of Mayor Joseph H. McDowell and partly as a r·esult of outside pressures. Four years ago the men in the two allNegro f i r e companies were assigned . throughout the department, and there are now a Negro district chief, 13 captains and a lieutenant in the Fire Department ranks. Negro and white police officers have been working side by side for two years, and a community relations unit was established about a year ago. Kansas City, Kan., Picture The Kansas City, Kan., population of about 180,000 also is between 17 and 18 per cent Negro, and the 41 Negro officers make up 18.4 per cent of the Police Department. Chief J . Frank Steach said there's been no conscious effort to equate the two per- 'On Road to Progress' Last Sept. 7 the three-man city commission passed a fair housing ordinance patterned after the Colorado state law. " The better-thinking Negro people in this town want good government, and it's being provided by the current administration," Major Daniels said. "The clergy and the Negro leaders feel we're on the r oad to progress." In the department itself, he said, "Right now we're riding all our district cars mixed. One Negr-o and one white officer. That's in all our heavy districts. "And it's workable. We try to give it everything we have. The boys are willing to work together, and they are." �THE DENVER POST

REPORT ON THE TOPIC OF THE DAY Tuesday, October 24. 1967 WHY? OFFICERS SUCH AS CHARLES DAVIS (LEFT) AND MIKE MAHONEY ·HAVE SEEN RACIAL DOUBLE STANDARD FADE ON MIAMI FORCE !!J(i the rage of "burn whitey," the problem of minority group policemen has jumped to a new high in importance ••• To the poor mani to the rich ,:nan ••• to the in-between man.,. - In Denver ••• and in Chicago • , • and everywhere in the United States. To determine how Denver stacks up in its handling of minority group policemen, The Denver Post sent one of its top reporters, Dick Thomas, across the country. Thomas went to Atlanta, Ga., to Miami, Fla., to Chicago, and to Kansas City in Kansas and Missouri to find the answers. You'll find the m in this special Post Bonus issue-a .sec.. ····i tion demanding attention in today's wo rld, Is there a 11 c.olor line" in police work? Are members of minority groups getting the short end of the stick in this all• important line of public service? Or are members of the majority group being discriminated against in fa vor of the minority group policemen? "Give a man a badge and a gun. a federal agent in Denver once said, "and you're giving him just about as niuch authority as any man can have. 11 But does a Negro policeman have as much authority as a white policeman? Are there Negroes commanding white officers? Or are Negroes bypassed? Or are they promoted ahead of white officers? With the riots of the past summer hitting a high point in ~ll1l ~f~t=~::·=·=·:·.?=·=:~:=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=)D·~=·=·=·=·=·=t·=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=·=x=tr~tr=·=·t=·=·q:r::=\f:'=·~·t=·(=·=~~·=·=·=·\{f ·=·=t~·= =\=\~?-:=:~:=:

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·:·: -{ ···.=~·-·:·~· -~·-··\··:=·: =·:: '.=·: ·=<=·=·~: '.~:'.: \It:Nt'.CL(143.215.248.55t?'.:1~(!}:!'.~'.!'.~::-tti=:=::::'.!'.~'.:Y=·=:=:=:=·=·=·=W~i'.i �2 T H E D E N V E R P O S T Tuesday, Oct. 24, 1967 tlanta Promotes Negro • I hout Civil S r ·ce Ex By DICK THOMAS Dent)er Post Staf f Writer ATLANTA, Ga.-"Better cut out the noise back there " shouted the white woman on the porch. ' "Here comes the nigger police again. " When he reached the porch, Sgt. Howard Baugh asked the woman what the trouble was. She ignored the question. . ,, " Nobody here called no nigger police, she snapped. Finally she claimed no one had called at all. And to Baugh's knowledge no one at that address, in a transitional nejghborhood. has asked for police aid since. The ·oman's reaction was the kind Negro policemen iil alma t any Southern city could expect. . Sgt. C. J. Perry bad similar expenences. One woman, outraged at hearing a Negro answer the telephone at headquarters, demanded to talk to his superior. He transferred her to Perry. "Another nigger!" she exclaimed. "What the hell's going on down there? You got an all- igger police department?' ' Perry Can Laugh Now It wasn·t funnv at the time . but Perry can laugh now as he tells about it. " She thought all hope bad been lost," he said. Baugh, now 43, and Perry, now 47, are Ne"ro patrol lieutenar.t.s on the Atlanta PoIiC: Department. Baugh ta~es _ a . certain pride in the fact that his district_~n~ludes the Georgia State Capitol, the bailiwick of segre :itionist Gov. Lester .Maddox . Their commanding officer is the m u c h respected. nationally known Chief Hubert T. Jenkins 60, a member of President Jo ~ ~ son 's National Advisory Committee on Civil Disorder s and a past president of the Int~rnational Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP). . By his own admission, J enkins also is a former Ku Kl ux Klansman. Many Things Have Chang_ed But a lot of things have changed m Atlanta since the days when thousands of hooded Klansmen trooped up Stone Mountain 15 miles east of here to burn crosses and deal with the "1'1egro problem" with chains. rope and shotguns. No longer does a Georgia office seeker have to be a Klan member to be elected. "I'm a law enforcement officer," says Jenkins. "Regardless of what they say over at the State Capitol, the U.S. Supreme Court decisions are the law of the land." So Atlanta the most progressive of all Southern citi~s. bas bad a fully integrated police department for three years. Three of the 875-man department's 96 Negroes are lieutenants. Two are sergeants. Baugh is expected to make captain within a month. It hasn't always been that way, of course. Until six years ago Negro policemen were forbidden to patrol white neighborhoods. If a white was involved in a crime in a Negro neighborhood , the policy was for the Negro policeman to "detain" him and summon white officers to make the arrest. If t h e suspect was taken to jail, he could be sure that even there he wouldn't have to " mix" with Negroes. Onlv three vears ago the Atlanta Police Department dis banded its old 6 p.m. watch -an all-Negro outfit that supplemented the three rei-iiar ( all white) patrol watchesand assigned Tegroes throughout its r anks. Other Negroes derided them as "the YMCA cops." · The change from a segregationist department to one in which a Negro can now hope to make captain was long and gradual, and although political and citizen pressures sometimes had to make up for bis own lack of enthusiasm, no one discounts the importance of Jenkins' personal leadership. George Coleman, managing editor of the Atlanta Daily World, a Negro newspaper with a circulation of 25,000, calls Jenkins "the best police chief there's ever been in Atlanta. "He's a good man," Coleman said. "He's a flexible man. He and the mayor (Ivan Allen Jr.) are men who are logical in their thinking and who are able to see the chang-ing times. And they both used to be ardent segregationists." Incident Recalled Coleman recalled an incident several years ago when a white policeman called a Negro college professor "boy." Jenkins called his men together and told them : "Look the terms 'nigger' and 'boy' are offensive 'to 40 per cent of our population. Let's not use them any more." "It wasn't an order, exactly;• Jenkins told a Post reporter. "I just explained to them that if they offend people, it's going to make their job harder and create a lot of tr ouble we wouldn't ordinarily have. "But it came out on the front page of the New York Times the next day." Jenkins said be has "always bad good support from the mayor and the leaders of this community. Call it the power structure or whatever-the people who pay most of the money to get things done. "This has never been a labor community," he said. "It's always been a white c?lIar community, a business and commercial community. And if you l:t::.ve street fights or disturbances they don't like it. It's bad for business.-not only Negro business but white business as well ." Demands Still Coming In "We haven't satisfied all the Negroes," he said. "They're always demandfog this, that and the other thing. But in the Police Department we're trying to deal with people. Not with black people or white people. With people. Their color isn't importanl" Baugh, Perry and the other Negro ?fficers in Atlanta who have won promotions have done it on the basis of work performance and conduct, not on competitive civil service examinations. But there is no reason to believe they wouldn't have made it had there been civil service. Perry has a bachelors degree in French and English from Atlanta's Morehouse College and was a junior high scho.ol teacher before joining the department 16 years ago. Baugh, a former Marine drill instru~tor and one of the first Negroes ever recrmted into that branch of service, attended the University of Hawaii during his ·hitch in service but didn't graduate. He later took a Restriction s o n Unifo rm s When Negroes first came on the department i'1 1948 the year after Jenkins became chief they Jere forbidden to wear their unifor~ to or from work. Their court testimony was given in plain clothes. And although they answered to their first names in court, anyane who was white was called ·JI / Mister. Segregation was so complete that Negro officer couldn't report for work at police headquarters. They answered musters and a'ld chawred into uniform at the Butler Street YMCA in a Negro section downtown. LT. C. J. PERRY He ca n laugh about it now. en s three-year course in industrial chemistry, under a Veterans Administration-approved tutor, while working for an Atlanta chemical firm. Since joining the department 15 years ago he has taken a supervisory course of 170 hours sponsored by the IACP and a Georgia Tech computer course, also under IACP auspices. The department is in the P:ocess of converting to electronic records-keepmg. Basis of Promotions Jenkins makes all promotions, however, on the basis of his men's past performance, giving some weight to results ~f _0:31 board examinations conducted by d1vis1on commanders. Men promoted to lieutenant or captain are on probation for a year_ before they are given civil service job protection. Ser geants and detectives have no such safeguards. They can be removed and demoted to patrolman again at any time. Since the men are under closer supervtsion there, practically all command officers come up through ·the detective bureau headed by Supt. Clinton Chafin. "Our Negro detectives' educational background, over-all, is probably be~ter ~an .~at of the white detectives," Chafin said. We have 15 Negro detectives now. "But because so many opportunities have opened up in the last few years that they haven't bad before, we're probably going to have -a hard time getting Negroes with such good educations from now on." Like J enkins Chafin doesn't think much of examination~ as a means of choosing men . . for supervisory positions. "A lot of times a man you think will make a good supervisor might not be the highest scorer on the exam," he said. '_'I'm dead set against examinations for detectives. "The two things we really try to watch for are a man ·s conduct and integrity, and his workload . Of course you have to ta~ into consideration educational factor s-his report-making ability and his ability to go into court and testify. "But we make no allowances. We treat all our people the same and expect as much from one as we do from the other." Attorney Disappointed Lack of a merit system is a source of disappointment to Richard C. Freeman, the liberal attorney who heads the Atlanta Board of Aldermen's Police Committee. "It embarrasses me for my city, for myself and for my Police Department when an officer who may be a damn good man and a good supervisor gets up before a television camera or a group of people to explain something and can hardly speak English," he said. "Our Negro officers by and large are ~s good or better than their coun~erp~ts , ID the white ranks " Freeman said. We ve been fortunate. We've got a couple of lieutenants I'd put up against anybody." . And Freeman said he favors puttmg more Negro commanders on the force. Pressing Need for It "It s not only helped the social situation but it's helped . the department," he said. " There's been a pressing need for it. B u t I'll say this. I'm absolutely, 100 per cent opposed to promoting any man just because he's black. He's got to be qualified." Freeman said low pay, the Jlazards of the job and the low esteem in which pol~cem1:n seem to be held have all put a crimp ID recruiting efforts. Work hours of Atlanta policemen have been dropped. from 48 to 40 a week in the ~ast four years, however, and r ecent pay raises will give beginning patrolmen $450 a year more than they used to get, although the pay is still low-$5,486 a year under the new schedule. . At the urging of the Police Committee a two-year course in police administration is being set up at Georgia State College in Atlanta. Jenkins said there would be more Negro policemen in Atlanta now if he could find CHIEF HERBERT T. JENKINS Once a member of the Klan. LT. HOW ARD BAUGH State Capito l in his distri ct. them. The city's population of 513,200 . is about 43 per cent Negro, a 5 per cent mcrease since the 1960 census. Negroes made up less than 11 per cent of the poli<:t: force. "We make a special effort to recrmt qualified people," he sa id. "Just peo~Ie. In one 12-month period we had 1,700 applicants and only 46 of them were found to be qualified and employed." Chief Given Praise . "I've gotten a lot of things done just by making casual suggestions," he said. "The chief is very easy to work with. ,;There was only one Negro lieutenant on the department when I came on the committee. Now there are three. There were no Negro.es in traffic. So. I asked the superintendent of traffic why there weren't. Next time I drove through downtown I looked up and there they were. "I'm working now to get a captain. And as soon as I get a captain I'm going to try for a superintendent (equivalent to Denver's division chiefs). But I know you can't make all these changes at one time." Even though at one time there was a strong Klan influence in the Atlanta Police Departm~nt, Lieutenants Baugh ~~d Perry said they encountered little hostihty from white officers when they made their rank. "I think this/' Baugh said. "Where a w~te officer might not like me, he might not like a white supervisor for the same reason. I've never wofried, particularly, abo~t my men loving me, but I would and I contmue to hope that they respect me." All commanders in Atlanta act as counselors to men in the lower ranks . Of the 40 men on Baugh's counselor list, 34 are . wh~te. Perry has 30 whites out of 34 on his list. Both men's comm~mds are also predominantly white. " "Strangely enough/' said Perry, th~re was very little rese ntment among the whit~ officers. There was some, I guess, but 1t wasn't particularly noticeable ." Editor Coleman of the Wor ld, who as a police reporter had a ha~d in getting Negroes their present place m the Atlanta department, thinks the much-he:alded "Atlanta climate" in racial matters 1s exaggerated and tha t a lot remains to be done. But he adds : "Atlanta fo r Negroes, is a hell of a lot better tha~ any other place I've seen, I'll say that." �TH E D E N VER PO ST Tuesday, Ocl. 24, 1967 as~ Negro Strength Fade in Miami u as at used t - was set up in a little 30-by-50-foot building in the downtown Negro section. They had one or two patrol cars and about a dozen bicycles, which were used by the beat men who patrolled Liberty City. Besides the downtown and Liberty City Negro neighborhoods, Negro officers were permitted to patrol Cocoanut Grove, a third largely Negro section in south Miami. Then, when Headley became chief in August 1948, all Negro patrolmen with a year or more of experience were placed under civil service. With that the double standard came into being. Lieutenant Smith was the 34th Negro to join the department. He came on in 1950. Fortified with two years of college engineering study at Hampton Institute in Hampton, Va., Smith was one of the first two officers to pass the patrolman sergeant examination. He and three other Negroes failed their first lieutenant's exam in 1962. Two years lata- he placed 12th in a field of 125 whites and Negroes with a score of 90.5, six points off the leader 's, and finally got his bars in April of last year. " Since that time, H he said, "it's clear the examinations are available, and if a guy's willing to apply himself there's no reason he shouldn t take it and pass it." But Smith said, too, that other things keep Negroes from joining the department. be no such egro policeman, even ·me there were 86 Negro l I\ iami Police Department. s were all "patrolmen," and hen them made some rank they were Iman sergean . ' Only a white a policeman. ib1y the reason for liami's double a r d w ~ that ... oes didn't have cation to pass the same entrance o ·onal examinations as white men. would seem to be some truth in lice Chief Walter E. Headley said . ~egroes ave pa~sed the entrance ce the double standard was elimiveral years :igo. As a result, Negro ,...__ _ ....._ on He.idle 's 680-man dep31iment fro 86 to 50. o, Lt. Leroy A. Smith, il, won a promotion in competition . emen. arl.lnent's white entrance examnow app ·cable to . egroes, too, albeen a college freshman level aptitude and intelligence tests modm time to time by the Miami Civil 1 Board to meet special police needs. patrolman test was gauged at e 1cni t e eighth grade level. "'llil. were just like the difference beeen ay and night," said Joe A. Yates, (l;j_--J Service Board's assistant execut · e .,e~retary. "The colored entrance exa.~ 1u~ on was basically just to see whether ey c uld read and write, and their prom otion;;J exams were the simplest kind of q es ,· s from about six books. ring Consequences they asked that they be given the assification title (policeman instead Iman) . They were warned, frankly, t .y were making a bad mistake, but 0 y msisted on it and they got it. Now they'll suffering the consequences." "E··~ Negro sergeant on the department --got ·s rank in competition agamst • ' '.~Oe:S only. .Eve Lieutenant Smith, who has two y :ar:; -:if college and who was carrying bool:a ,.n his squad car on how to study .-:nm :e was inter viewed by a Denver Post Jl!ll'CeT, failed his first exam for his pres~ t r-i. • "Wlten the department decided to elevate f its Negro officers to sergeant in -1950s it took five examinations to men to pass, Headley said. The ry six-month waiting period beams was waived. le Standa rd St ays double standard has been mainin the detective bureau. Under a 1mrt ental reorganization plan recomemle - by the International Association u.1ti -.Is of Police in 1963, all detectives upposed to have sergeant's r ank. white ones do, but the 10 Negro vesti ators haven't been able to pass the vil •iervice examination. Frm::r- years ago the Negro investigators ed · e department and the Civil Service oar , in an unsuccessful attempt to win c.r.a'J-::iti."'ation as sergeants without having pra~s the examinations. E ven though ey l lSt the suit, Headley said, the dep .artment administratively gave them a o- 1e-c;t pay increase.

,~1g a:ant's

rank gives the white detec;ve;; three-step increase over patrolnnanl!i y. _ ' 1y stock answer is, I'm ready when t !ey are," Headley said. "We'd have a Neg'."!'O t t lain as far as I'm concerned, if t tey c an cut the mustard. The only obsta- _ •.aule- they have is themselves. They c an ,., k just as well as anybody else." .s~~ nments Bear H im O ut The- assignments which Negro officers the Miami department seem to · dioirt._ Headley means what he says. Two e , signed to traffic downtown, two are !11or~cle officers and two are in the depi!cib.ent's K9 corps-assignments which in · · WJ .lll Not Expose d to Caree r O FFICER FRED CA RTER AT WORK Miami force lily white no more. many cities Negroes don't get. There also is a Negro policewoman, and the o n I y Negro in a class of 31 men who started police academy training Sept. 25 already had made cadet sergeant. Miami's police force was lily white until the wartime manpower shortage of 1944 coincided with an influx of Negro sailors assigned to 7th Naval District headquarters. It was largely through the work of Dr. Ira P . Davis, a Negro dental surgeon who then beaded half of the segregated civil defense effort in Dade County, that the department finally started hiring black policemen. Negro sailors looking for action poured into the central Negro neighborhoods downt o wn, and gambling, prostitution a n d muggings skyrocketed. The Navy tried to cope with the problem by assigning white shore patrolmen in jeeps to the area. It didn't work. Negro SPs Sought Davis finally persuaded Navy authorities they should put Negro SPs on foot beats in the neighborhood. "The moment they got in here a n d started working, all this stuff dropped to practically nothing," Dr. Davis, now 71, said. "They were the first Negro SPs in the Navy, and that was the very thing I needed to show it could be done and the impact it could have." Maj. Dan Rosenfeld, then Miami's city safety director, and Dr. Davis then discussed the possibility of putting on some Negro policemen. Rosenfeld agreed, but was afraid to let the public know about it until the men already were trained and ready to go to work. As a result, Davis said, five men were selected from among Davis' civil defense auxiliary police and were trained in secrecy a t the Liberty City housing project on the north side of town. They were sworn in on the street in front of Davis' dentistry office on Aug. 31, 1944. For several years the wartime policemen, Negro and white, had no civil service status because, Headley said, "They hired anything that could see lightning, hear thunder and hold up a uniform." Additional Re strictions There were additional restrictions on Negro officers. They couldn't wear their uniforms except during duty hours. A separate " precinct station"-the only one in Miami " With their family backgrounds, Negroes haven't been exposed to law enforcement as a career, like the Monahans and Rileys," he explained. "What I'm saying is, I'm the firs t generation. When I went to school there were no Negro policemen. "Their families think it's dangerous. It's a job no Negro has ever worked in before." Smith said he felt Negroes were failing their exams because they aren't used to having to think about academic subjects. " A Negro who decides to become a policeman makes the decision as a man," he said. "He's got out of high school at 18 or 19 and maybe he's wor ked in a warehouse moving crates back and forth for three or four years. "He's transferring from a job not related to police work. He hasn't been in a situation where he's been turning these things over in his mind. Ttterefore he fails the exam. "I think if we could get these guys to warm up before taking the exams we could enhance their chances of passing. I personally don't feel the exams are that hard." _ The same is true of Negro officers who fail the sergeant's exam , he said. Many of them wait until the exam notice is posted, four to six weeks before it's scheduled, and only then start to study. "It's not the idea that they're not qualified. It's that they're going into the examination cold. It's like a football team going out on the fie.Id without knowing its plays. They may look like football players but they're not mentally conditioned to play the game." Social Stigma Linked to Job Making Negroes want to be policemen is another factor, Chief Headley sai<;I. Negro children thr ew rocks at some of the early patrolmen, and they were looked down upon by some Negro adults. "Since we changed our standards the bus company here has integrated and has probably hired 400 of them as drivers," said Lt. Col. Paul M. Denham, assistant chief for operations. "A lot of these men are the type of men we'd like to have on the police department -well-educated, cleancut and courteous-but they'd rather go to work for the bus company than apply to our department, even though our salary scale is higher. Apparently there's a social stigma attached to being a policeman." There already has been one adult education class in Miami to help applicants pass the Civil Service entrance exams. A police lieutenant is assigned full time at the University of Miami to a "war on poverty" program aimed at getting more men pre- 3 re Iiminary training in police work, but if a man makes more than a specified low income level he can't take it. Another program is being launched at Miami-Dade J unior College, where officers already on the department can take policerelated courses with the department paying half the cost. In all of these programs the man himself has to want to do the work. " Of course since the civil rights movement got under way, a lot of Negro leaders want us to appoint them qualified or not," Chief Headley said. "But I don't go for that." Lieutenant Smith Ag rees Neither does L ieutenant Smith, who is second in command of a 60-man patrol shift and wbo wears an expert revolver badge because he studied books on shooting as well as putting in his r equired time on the pistol range. "I can see a dual system where under certain conditions they give field commissions, like in New York or in military service," he said. "But if a Negro cannot pass the civil ser vice examination, in an integrated society, I say no. The only way he should become a leader is to walk through the leadership doer . "If they want to help him, set up t h i s warmup program for him, fine, but don't cut the standard.8.-. We're trying to move forwar d. We're trying to prove our worth." Dr. Davis, one of Miami's most respected Negro leaders and the only Negro on President Johnson's Advisory Committee on Older Americans, expressed the same philosophy. "We had a hard time convincing some of our early officers that they had to take the patrolman's exam first before they could take the sergeant's exam," he said. "They wanted to be merely appointed to the rank like one Negro officer was in P alm Beach. "If you're demanding the same kind of treatment, then doggone it, you've got to make yourself understand you have to qualify. You got to measure up." " CHIEF WALTER E. HEA DLEY " I'm ready w hen they are." , LT. COL. PAUL M. DEN HAM " There's a social stigma . . . " I �4 TH E D E NV ER POST Tuesday, Oct. 24, 19~7 Negroes Feel Bias a Fact on Denver Force What chance does a Negro have for advancement and higher pay on the Denver Police Department? Depending on who says it, the answer to that question is either '·none at all" or " as much as anybody else." . . The department, and especially the C1_v1l Service Commission, have come under fire recently from Negro community leader s who say a Negro - because of his. race - ~as virtually no chance of becomm~ a pohce command officer. The deck 1s stacked against him. . History would seem to be on the side of the critics. It has been 20 years since the department began hiring Negroes in any quantity, a~d in all that time no policeman whose skm was black has ever advanced higher than . . patrolman or detective. Some of the men most vitally involved m the dispute tend to talk in absolutes, oversimplifying what is really a complex problem in a few carefully chosen sentences. Negroes Believe It's Fact Whether the racial discrimination charged by Denver Negro leaders actually exists has been open to argument, but the impo~tant fact remains that many Negroes genumely believe it is there. It was in the hope that something could · be done to change this belief that Mayor Tom Cw-rigan wrote the Civil Service Commission last August and asked it to reexamine its testing procedures. "The power to change things," said J ames F . Reynolds, director of the Colorado Civil Rights Commission and a Negro himself, " lies in the other community where they really don't believe it exists." Civil rights leaders across the country have \ate\y turned a critica\ eye on police departments which don't have representative numbers of minority policemen within their ranks. Much of the impetus for this movement stemmed from the r-eport of the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice, which recommended that all departments recruit and train " a sufficient number of minority-group officers at all levels of activity and authority." 'Quota ' System From this beginning, apparently, came the "quota system" that many civil rights spokesmen and some police departments have adopted as gospel. If the1 e is X per cent Negro citizens in a community, there should be X per cent Negro policemen and X per cent Negro command officers. Other departments have resisted quotas as unwarranted intrusions on entrance and promotional systems that have worked with varying degrees of s uccess for years. "Frankly," said Detective Sgt. Paul Montoya, a member of Denver's largest minority, "I resent outside influences using statistics as a basis for careers. It destroys the minorities and causes hard feelings all around. It's none of their business." "Nobody gave me anything on this job," said Police Chief Harold Dill, a man who took two entrance examinations, three sergeant's exams and two for captain. "I had to work and scratch for everything I got." Viewed against the broad background of the civil rights movement and incidents of urban rioting, however, the scarcity of Negro policemen in Denver's or any other department takes on extra importance, Negro spokesmen say. 'Would Help in Tension' Police-minority relationships to rioting are of extreme importance," Reynolds said. "Take a look at your rioting about the country. In the majority of incidents this was the trigger, and I don't think it was an accident. " DETECTIV E CLAREN CE N ELSO N AND DETECTIVE SGT. PAUL MONTOYA OF DENVER DISCUSS AN INVESTIGATION Se rge ant Montoya, o n ly Denver office r quoted dire ctly in this article, said the local syste m is " not pre dicated on merit." " If we had more Negro officers in command and more Negro officers period, it would help in some of these tension spots right here in our own city," said the Rev. Cecil Howard, pastor of Shorter Community AME Chur ch and chair man of the East Denver Ministerial Alliance. " If a person of color were able to relate to Negro officers I think it would help immeasurably. But they don't have enough Negro officers for the younger Negroes to be able to relate to. They see faces that are hostile. " We don't feel the white power structure is really in sympathy with the need for more Ne~;ro oi-tken., the Rev . Mr. Hughes said. " They think the minority situation here is pretty stable. But we had two or three close calls last summer." Negro leaders feeJ there is discrimination against Negro officers in both the department and Civil Service procedures-perhaps not openly, maybe even not consciously. Their prime targets are tests used by the commission, its oral review boards and assignments that Negro officers get on the Police Department. Reynolds, City Councilman Elvin Caldwell and others have urged the commission to make a thorough study of its testing procedure to determine whether it is completely fai r to minority officers. Built-In Disadvantage "I wonder if the tests themselves don't have a built-in cultural disadvantage," Reynolds said. " W.e have found that many tests being used by employers - especially some of the older ones - serve the purpose of trapping and screening out minority applicants. "This wasn't done deliberately, but many of them were compiled by middle class college graduates, and many who don't fit into that category have a difficult time passing them . "I think, too, that the police department has traditionally limited the assignments given Negro policemen so that their experience as they approach the promotional exams is very limited." Several Denver policemen said, however, that although experience is some help the tests are weighted more on book knowledge than on practical police work. One officer whose name doesn't appear in this article said there are a few command officers who have made it all the way up the line with practically no experience on the street. "If you've got a desk job you can sit there and study on city time," he said. "Out on the street you can't. ' 1 Montoya, the only officer who agreed to be quoted by name, said the present testing system "stinks," but not of discrimination. " It's not predicated on merit, " he said. "and dammit, when you don't have a system based on merit it's worthless. The men deserve to be led by the best qualified and most deserving man, and the present system doesn't do it." He said he wasn't talking about any individuals but the system itself. As for the charges .of poor assignments for Negroes Montoya said, " If, you're a quality officer ,I defy anybody to shunt you off somewhere. The work is out there." Councilman Caldwell, who was complaining about Jack of Negro commanders in the department long before it became a part of the national civil rights picture, said the oral ·board reviews are one possible source of discrimination. Wants Minority. Person on Board "I think a minority member should sit on the oral board not only for purposes of promotion but hiring as well," be said. "to the best of my knowledge there hasn't ever been one, but it's been suggested previously. "One that I would recommend would be Chief J ames Byrd of Cheyenne, who is a highly respected individual and who would be completely objective in bis thinking." Byrd is a Negro. Caldwell said of p r i m a r y importance, though, is Negroes' belief that a " completely independent outside agency" should go over the present testing procedw·es in fine detail to weed out any possible areas of bias. Caldwell, Reynolds and the Rev. Mr. Howard said removal of any testing bias, broad: . ening assignments and providing a wider range of training opportunities would be the most logical ways to solve the problem. The Rev. Acen P hillips, vice chairman of the East Denver Ministerial Alliance, wants quicker action. He suggested " compensatory promotions" for Negro officers who have been "discriminated against for 50 years." The Rev. Mr. P hillips would have the department appoint a Negro division chief or captain- he didn't mention the lower ranks of lieutenant or sergeant- and have that man. given special on-the-job training for a period before he is given a command. He said he didn't think this would cause dissension among the other commanders on the department because "they know, down deep, that there has been this discrimination." Reynolds and the Rev. Mr. Howard said they couldn't agree. "While recognizing the validity of what Mr. P hillips s:;iid, I'm inclined to think that approach would detract from the man's selfrespect as well as his esteem among other members of the police force," Reynolds said. " I'm not sure that tearing down the system is a good idea." " I would prefer the training route," said the Rev. Mr . Howard. " Because whoever is in there ought to be capable and know what he's doing." . Paradoxically, if a strict quota system were applied in Denver it would be the city's · 67,750 Spanish-Americans who would have the most legitimate complaint as far as numbers are concerned. . 12. 9 Pct. of Population · They make up 12.9 per cent of Denver's estimated 525,000 citizens, and the 50,000 Negroes in Denver constitute about 9.5 per cent . There are 18 Spanish-American policemen, 2.15 per cent of all men on the force, and 23 Negroes, 2.75 per cent. But three Spanish-Americans have made rank. Besides Montoya, 42, they are Lt. Chr is Herrera, 51, and Sgt. Louis Lopez, 35. Lopez recently qualified for lieutenant. Of the 23 Negro officers now on the force, eight haven't been eligible for promotion because or time-in-grade requirements. Three of them weren't even on the force when the last examination for sergeant was given Nov. 28, 1964. The other five didn't have their required five years in grade as patrolmen. Five eligible men, including the two with the most education, the two with the highest intelJigence ratings and two with 17 years of service and an automatic 10-point seniority advantage, have never bothered to take an examination. That leaves 10 men who have tried for promotion and didn't make it. Nine of them took the sergeant's examination one or more times, and three have passed, but were too far down the list certified by the Civil Service Commission to have any" hope of getting their rank. Detective Vern Hudley, 54, of the J uvenile Bureau passed the 1960 examination but was 114th on a list of 134 men certified. Only 26 sergeants were appointed. Two Negroes passed the 1964 examination. They are Detective Clarence Nelson, 41, who wound up 70th on a list of 93 men certified, , and Patrolman- Carnell, Green, 39, who placed , 91st. 1'his time there were only 16 men promoted. Civil Service records show that no Negro has ever failed an oral board review. Even had they been graded on the basis of the written test alone, l-Iudley, Nelson and Green couldn't have won their promotions. Hudley tied with nine other men for 99th place on bis wr itten exam when only 26 men were promoted. Gr een tied with five other men for 62nd place, and Nelson was among (Continued on page 5) �TH E DEN V ER POST 5 Tuesday, Oct.24.1967 Dept. Seeks Better Negro Assignm ents Continued from page 4) a group of even tied in 78th place when 16 men were promoted. All three men passed their oral board reie vs with scores in the middle to upper 70s. Nelson's final place on the list - largely becaw,e of his seniority points-was eight men above where he placed on the written examination . Hudley's fi nal position on the certified list vas 15 place below his written test ranking a nd Green tumbled 29 places. On the 1960 test which Hudley took, the written exam coum.ed for 60 per cent of the total score , the or al review was 25 per cent, efficiency r ating 5 per cent and seniority 10 per cent. On the 1964 exam. the oral board rating was r aised to 29 per cent of total scor e and efficiency rating shrank to 1 per cent. Veteran ·s preference points. if any, are added to a man·s score after the other four factors are computed. Green and Hudley had no veterans ' points, and 'elson had five . Of the six Negro officers who have failed the sergeant" s examination, three made one attempt apiece , two took it twice and one m an tried three times. The 10th officer in the group who has tried to make rank took only the police property custodian 's exam, failing it five years ago. Contrast Noted By contrast with the Negroes , all 10 Spanish-surnamed officers who have been e)jgible for promotion have tried to make it. Herrera , who has a high school education, failed the sergeant's exam twice before passing it fou1th down on the list in 1958. He passed his first lieutenant's examination 14th down and took a second one that moved him up to sixth place and won his promotion . Montoya placed 12th on his first sergeant's . examination in 1956 but has since failed the lie utenant's exam three times. He has fo ur years of college. Lopez placed 20th on the 1964 sergeant's exami.nati.on wi.th the help of five veterans' points. He came jn later with prooi oi a se.rvice-<:onnected disability that r esulted in his getting five more veterans' points and moving up to sixth place on the list. Two other Spanish-surnamed officer s have passed too low on the lists to get their stripes. They are Alexander Nieto J r. , 38, and Phil Villalovos, 39. Neqroes Have More Ed ucati on Taken as a group the Negro officers have slightly more education than the SpanishAmericans, but their average intelligence ratings are nearly eight points lower. This may reflect nothing more than the comparative quality of education the men have received. Chief Dill pointed out the department has . been trying to help qualified Negro officers get better assignments. He said there are more Negro detectives and technicians, comparatively, than there are among the white officers . There were no Negro detectives at all before Dill became chief. Detective and technician are appointive r anks in which a m an with fi ve years of service r eceives $768 a year more than a patr olman with the same length of service. Base pay for a sergeant is $9,096 a year , or $576 more than a detective or technician makes. 'Cred:t to De partment' "Our Negro policemen, I think, are a credit to the Police Depa rtment," Dill said. "They're just as good and just as intelligent as anyone else. And I'd say we have one of the best civil service systems in the country. The opportunities ar e here. There can't be any separate standards when you're handling a group of people . Either you qualify or you don't." Dill said he thought the problem would wo1k itself out in time, as more Negro officers come on the department and gain enough seniority to have an edge on their examinations. But Negro leaders say that until a ll suspicion of discrimination is r emoved, it's going to be difficult to recruit more Negroes. Negro policemen themselves seemed more than a little reluctant to discuss the problem. "Whatever Dill says is right," was all one of them would say. " There hasn't been any discrimination against me," another said. " I think if a Negro officer has the stuff he can get made (departmental slang for winning a promotion) just like anybody else." Another man. a veteran on the force , said he likes the job he's now in and is afra id that if he made sergeant he might get a less choice assignment. Ve t e ran of Force Speak~ Besides, he said, "when I go home after a day on the street rm tired. I want to r elax. Maybe cut the lawn. I don·t want to go sit behind a post and stud y the books for eight hours. "I do all right ," he said when asked if he felt he were ever a victim of discrimination. " Tlmse so-called leaders. I wonder sometimes . . . " Councilman Caldwell poin ted out, perhaps with justification, that a_ Negro policeman might tell a white reporter a different story tha n he would tell another Negro. "If the offi cers on the force think opportunities to advance are· TeaJly, truly open , some of the younger men will take advantage of it," Reynolds said. " Those who have already given up perhaps will not. " And if they have given up, they probably wouldn 't make command officers anyway. To be a topnotch supervisor in anything, a person has to have the desire ." So far little has been done about the problem. Ted Bach, Civil Service Commission president, said the commission is willing to put qualified Negroes on its oral review boards. Chief Byrd of Cheyenne is "a little too close to Denver" and will probably be ruled out on the chance he might know some of the · Denver officers, Bach sa id. Metro State so that when they 're 21 they 'll be kind of hooked on the department already." Meantime the nagging suspidon of discrimination against Negro policemen probAds Place d in Ne g ro Pap e r a bly will continue. It's a subtle thing. The commission recently began advertis: Lt. Leroy A. Smith, a Negro patrol coming for Negro officers in the Denver Blade, mander on the Mia mi , F la ., Police Departthe city's weekly J'i!egro newspaper , and a ment who used to have the same feeling plan is being worked out for t he city to pick about his own depart ment , descr ibed it to a ·up part of the tui tion for a ny policema n wh.o wants to take· police science courses a t • P ost reporter this way: " It's like when you (a Negro) go into a Metropolitan $tate College . ' r estaura nt. There are no signs, maybe no• But the commission has no plans to seeJ~ . body says a word to you , but you get the further outside study of its testing proce- i dm'es. · · · ,,. · · feeling this is not a 'go' r estaurant." The psychological impor tance, to minori, , It had A Chicago ctmsul tc.\nt, J~CAUe K'. . ties, of seeing a fr iendly face among their Boyer, in for two days last month to review. police officers and commanders- can't be jts entrance and promoti011ar reqvh ements. overstressed, Reynolds said. ' Bach sa id " he didn't _find too. much wr ong . · wlJh our testing procedure as it is now." Apprecia tio n Lac king · · The commission is doing research to see ~ · "Peo.ple in other parts of town tend to unhow it can better adapt its testing to pracderestimate the humility inflicted on minoritical police . work : an_d Bach said he fa vor~ : ty people by insensitive, unfeeling police," eliminating v terans , points ·from co~sider- ' he said. They lack a n appreciation of what ation in al) promotional testing '-- somej'.IJin~, thi s really does." that can't ·be done without a ·constitutional. And Mayor Currigan added : ameridment i.J1 Colorado. · ·' · "I thi nk that in _general the community Fed e ral_ Mon ey, So ught

leaders in Denver are probably no differ" We' re working on it;' . s.aLd Safety M_a n--: ' ent than they are any other place.

ager Hugh ¥cClearn. " We're putting in for a -· " They have been slow to recognize - and little bit of money ($113,300) from the Of-' I'm speaking of the broad pr oblem, not fice of Law Enforcement Assistance in the just the Police Department - the . imporJ ustice Department to ma ke a study in the tance, the vitalness , of employment and edareas of r ecruitment and in-service training. ucation and all the .other factors that a re " We're working with a group from the involved her e for our Spanish-named and Denver Advertising Club to help us put on a Negro people. real campaign for engendering interest in "I don't think , fra nkly, that we have come the job. We'r e working on several trainin·g close to a Newa rk or a Detroit or a Watts. programs - trying to work out some sort But you don 't .have to have a Newark or a of a deal wher e we can get young fellows Watts or a Detroit to have a sif.uation that out of high school and get them going to discredits a community." MINORITY OFFICERS VA LUED HIGHLY Chicago Racial Out reaksC CHICA GO-It was a Sunday aiternoon \ate last July. Two Negro boys were playfully wrestling on the sidewalk in fro nt of Big Jim's Liquor and Food Store on Chicago's South Side. Suddenly one of them slipped and fell against the plate glass window. It cracked. Big J im Nicholaou, a white businessman in a predominantly Negro neighborhood , remonstrated the boys and - called the police to report the damage. Tbat was about all there was to it- almost. ' -'- '"\ . ,< ,_

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, Not Very Popu lar in Are a Big Jim wasn 't very popular in the neighborhood, and the rumor began to get around : He had taken one of the boys' bicycles to avenge the broken window. It may have been the rumor that brought Julius Woods, a 40-year-old transient , to Big Jim's place the following Tuesday morning. That's what the neighbo rhood liked to believe, anyway. He had gone to get the bicycle back. N'icholaou said Woods tried to rob him. Whatever the reason , Woods and Nicholaou quarreled in the alley behind the store. Big J im pulled a gun and killed Woods. This time the rumor was that Woods was the father of one of the boys and he was shot five times in the back as he tried to rega in possession of his son's bicycle. It was repeated as fact by an irresponsible radio station. Commander William B. Griffin of the Grand Crossing police district and Lt. Robert A. Wi!Jiams of the Chicago Police Department's Human Relations Section were in the office of the Chicago Da ily Defender when the crowds began building up. There was already talk of burning. Hurri e d Back to Ne ighborhood The two men hurried back to the neighborhood. It was in Griffin 's district. Gr iffin got on the phone immediately to contact the area's Negro youth gangs, starting with the

SUPT. JAMES B. CONLISK JR. DEPUTY CHIEF· SAM NOLAN Sole fact o r: W ho's best man? "Our citizens don't wa it to find out Blackstone Rangers , worst of the lot. Their leaders promised him the gangs would stay out of it. Griffin knew the promises were good. He had dealt with the gangs before , and they understood each other. Williams , meanwhile, was rounding up more than 50 persons to fan out across the neighborhood and tell it straight: Nicholaou was being charged with murder. The man he shot didn't even know the boys . There was no bicycle. Big Jim's place had been closed on Mayor Dick Daley's orders pending a hearing to revoke his liquor license. C lose Watch Kept Men under Griffi n's command shut down the neighborhood liquor stores and taverns, and kept a close watch on gasoline stations. They spread the true word to shopkeepers and asked them to pass it along. Shopkeepers see a lot of other persons in the course of a day's business. Sgt. Neal Wilson spent a good part of his day on the street, but also managed to make 175 telephone calls countering the rumors. I " The crowds g~t unruly anyway. A hundred Task Force policemen had to be called in . Befo re that Tuesday night was over , 52 persons had been arrested . But there was no burning and no riot. Potentially explosive racial skirmishes aren't uncommon in Chicago, although the city weathered this past summer with none that developed into ful1-fledged riots like the two of the summer before . One of those was touched off by a policeman's shooting a P uerto Rican youth. The other start ed when two officers- one Negro, one white- turned off a fire hyd rant tha t had been opened so some neighborhood kids could cool off in the spray of water. Both Hap pen t o Be Negroes "Unfortunately," says Deputy Chief Sam Nolan of the Chi cago P D's Community Services Division, "our citizens don't wait to fi nd out what the investigation will show. Their minds are made up as soon as the act is done." And it is largely beca use of quick action by men like Griffi n and Williams that more "ontinued on page 6 �_ _I (1f ..IJ ·""ILL I ·· -- L . r; 71,VJJ.!U.Ll WQ /lfJ.. /~I~,,,;: vp-r ~ t / W <,Z. ( f/e ll.eCfiueA:t &:d you caJ.J.. each. rrie"'P.Oell. of- ih.e boal'.d and ~ be a6ofuh.ed and ~ ~ un.iU.. .i_;f_ M a:or.JW.AR!i ) 7. K~ _.. -"" , .Xe<l. J55-d78B 0U1. &JB-;Jft-53 . (11/U..,dhwC!t:d. Jee (fle::1,73 Co.) . · ...;f/z,e (o.r1ni. ±tee 1 · F,• YUfjlt 7-iell.Ce ",o n.don FooclJ (o.

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�' POLICE DEPARTMENT STATE OF GEORGIA UNITED STATES CITY OF ATLANTA Annual Report 1966 Atlanta, Georgia �T hi s re port published by C it y of Atla nta e mpl o yees. �1966 Atlanta Police Department Chief of Police Police Committee Board of Alclerx-i:-:t{~n Richard C. Freeman , Chairman C ha rli e Leftwich , Vi ce C hairman Q. V . Willi a mson J a ck Summ e rs Sam Masse i] , Jr. , (Pr es iden t B o ard of A ld e rm e n) Iva n Al l e n , Jr. , Ma yo r Ex -Off i c io Board of Aldermen. SA M MASS'E LL , J R . - Pr es ide nt of Boa rd l s t. 1s t. 211d. 2ud. 3rd. 3rd. 4th. Ward Ro be rt S . Dennis Ward E. G regory Gri gg s Ward E d. A . Gill iam Ward J. M. Flanig e n Ward Wm. T . (Bill )K nig ht Ward Q . .V . Wi l liamson ll'ard Hugh Pie r ce 4th. Ward Charlie Le ft wich Geo rg e Cotsakis G. Ever e tt Milli can Ric h a rd C . Fre e man Ce c il Turn e r J ack Summ e rs Mil ton G . F a rris Rodney M. C ook 8 th. Ward Dougl a s L. (Buddy) Fow lk es 5th. 5th. 6 th. 6 th. 7 th. 7 th. 8 th . \Vard Ward Wa rd Ward ll' ard Ward Ward A tlanta, G e orgia �IVAN ALLEN , JR. Ma yo r 2 �CITY O F .ATLANTA. CITY HALL ATLANTA, GA. 30303 Tel. 522-4463 Ar ea Code 404 Dec e mb e r 31, 1966 IVAN ALLEN, JR., MAYOR R. EARL LANDERS, Admini strative Ass istant MRS. ANN M. MOSES, Executive Secreta ry DAN E. SWEAT, JR ., Director of Governm ental Liaison A MES SAGE F ROM THE MAYOR: As we enter the last third of the nineteen s ixti e s , we find 'our s elves continually facing rapid a nd fa r reaching ch a ng e s in the methods and proc e dures of law enforcement. T o mee t th e d ema nds of our challenging time s, our police departm e nt mu s t be highl y trained in ma ny s p e cializ e d fields. Accordin gl y we are carrying on progra ms of exploration as we seek n e w and improved tech niq ues i n o ur e nd eavor to attain and mainta in th e highest professional standards in l a w enforcement. Le t me invite your a ttention to s ome s ignificant forward steps taken during 1966: For exa mpl e, we a re now using a n electronic computer to record and proc e s s traffic tick e ts . We plan to exten d this fa st a nd a ccurate method to h a ndle oth e r police re cord s . Again, the Atla nta Me trop o l , the l aw e nforce ment organiz a tion which no w co ve rs our fiv e county metro a rea, is c o n_duc ti ng a searching study of crim e in our me tro a re a . Th e fe de ral gove rnme nt is considering making a gra nt to assis t u s in this s tudy . We also are studying th e feas ibi li ty of provi ding police officers with e quipm e nt th a t will enable them to maintain cons ta nt c o mmunic a ti on. As th e s itu a tion no w s ta nd s, s c i entis ts ca n be in constant touch with satellites million s of mile s di s ta nt but we lo s e touch with a polic e officer when he goes a few yards away fro m h is c a r r a dio wi thin our city limits. To make our c ommun i cations mo re e fficient , a thre e way ra dio fre quency s y s tem will be installed this year. This will provide a sep a rate wave l e ngth for th e north s ide, the s outh s ide and the detective division. It will take care of our n eeds for ma ny ye a rs to come . Again, colleges here are carryin g o n a research prog ra m to d e termine if i t is a d visabl e to conduct an accredited course in police t rai ni ng for l aw e n fo rce me nt offi c e rs. To sum up, Atlanta's police departmen t is ev er mindful tha t we must n ever let up i n our war on crime and it is always exerting its u tmost e ffo rts to make Atl a nta the mo s t c rime fr e e ci ty in our land. Ivan Allen, Jr. Mayor �POLICE COMMITTEE OF ALDERMANIC BOARD RICH A RD C. FREE MAN, Chairm an C HA R LIE LEFTW ICH, Vice-Chairman SAM MASSELL, JR., (President Board o f Aldermen) J AC K SUMMERS Q. V. WILLIAMSON 4 �HENRY L. BOWDEN City Attorney LEWIS R. SLATON Solicitor General Fulton County JOHN E . DOUGHERTY Assoc iate City Attorney 5 �HERBERT T. JENKINS Chief of Police 6 �CITY OF ATLANTA DEPARTMENT of POLICE Atlanta 3, Georgia HERBERT T . JENKINS Chief January 1, 1967 Ma yor a nd Board of Aldermen City Hall Atla nta, Georgia Ge ntl emen: I submit here with the 87th Annual Report of the Atlanta Police Department for the year 1966. C rime reports in the first part of the year genera lly showed a marked decrease . Rape, auto theft a nd larceny unde r $50 .00 , continued to show a decre ase for the entire year. But, during the last part of the year, whe n th e police were pre occupied with a firemen' s strike a nd racial disturbances , with street fighting, crime in all o the r c a tegories, i ncluding tra ffic fata lities and traffi c a ccidents , were on th e increa se. 1966 was the first full year of major leagu.e baseball and major league football in the City of Atlanta. T h e tra ffic control program at the stadium was excelle nt, allowing between 50,000 and 60,000 visito rs , on ma ny occasion s, to leave th e sta dium in a fe w minutes , without undue delay . T h e Detective Divi s ion, esp e cia lly the Lott er y Squa d, was v e ry much on the ale rt for gambling of all ki nds , and many gambli ng ·a rre s t s we re ma de - but, nothing was dis covere d to indica te th a t ga mbling wa s on the in cr ease , o r that out-of-town ga mblers were a ttempting to operate in the City of Atlanta. The Internal Se curity Squa d wa s reorganized during th e year, and this dep a rtment is enjoying the tightest internal se c urity of any poli ce depa rtm e nt in th e n a tion . The Atl a nta Police Departm ent h as a very fin e li aison with all fe d eral a g encie s, e spe cially the Offi ce of Law Enforcement Assi s ta n ce , a nd a dditiona l ass istance a nd equipment a re e xp e cted to be added during the coming y e a r. The morale, training and discipline in the de p a rtme nt continues on th e upward tre nd , and we wi s h to aga in e xpre ss our de ep app re ciation to Mayor I van Alle n , Jr. , th e Atla nta Crime C ommiss ion , a nd th e Boa rd of Alde rme n for the very fin e h e lp and assis ta n ce t he d epartm e nt h as recei ved in the y ear 1966. R e spectfully, ~ff~ Herber t T . J e nkin s C hief o f Pol ice • �ATLANTA THE CITY WE PROTECT Atlanta, the Capital of Georgia, is the commercial, industrial and financial dynamo of the Southeast. Facts about Atlanta: 126 .8 Square miles policed within the City of Atlanta. 403.1 Square miles (Fulton County minus portion of City of Atlanta within Fulton C ounty; Police d in unincorpora ted area, area outs ide city poli ce d through contract with county. ) 89,872 Atlanta Population (City) in 1900 . 200 ,616 Atlanta Popula tion (City) in 1920. 345,000 Atla nta Popula tion (City) in 1946. 499,000 Atlanta Population (City) in 1966. Atlanta is situated 1,050 fe e t a bov e s ea l evel , ha ving the hig hes t a ltitude of a ny cit y its size or l a rger in the Unite d Sta tes, De nv e r exc e pted . Atla nta is not dominated by a ny one industria l group and its fa ctory output is we ll diversified , having some 1,550 manufacturers who turn out more than 3,500 different commoditi es . Atlanta has a 61.2° F. Annual Temperature and 49.3 inches of rainfall yearly . Atla nta i s th e larges t ra ilroa d c ente r in the South . It h as 13 lin es of 7 rail way s yst ems. Th e Atla nta Airport ranks 4 th i n the n a tion in the numbe r of p assenger enp lanements and 5th in depa rtures. Atla nta h as 19 C oll eges and ln s tirutions of high er l earning , h a vi ng an e nroll ment of over 30 ,000. Th ere a re more ins titutions o f hig h er l earning for Negros i n Atla nta t h a n in a ny other city in the world. Atla nta r a ted 4th in the na tion in dolla r volum e of downtown buildi ng c ons tru c t i on. (Refers to the c e ntra l bu s ine s s dis tric t.) Corpor ate Atl anta rated 10th in th e nation in total valu e of building permits authorized. 8 �LAW ENFORCEMENT L et's A11 Work Effectively Never Forgetting Our DIRECTING TRAFFIC Responsibilities Concerning Every Man Exercising Necessary Tolerance 9 LOADING PRISONERS IN PATROL WAGON �TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Accide nt s - T ra ffic . . . . . 27- 28 Ac c id e nt s - Tra ffi c Summ a ry . 26 Aggrava ted As sault s 37 Atl a nta F ac ts . . . 8 Automobil es Sto l e n an d Recovered 45 Burgl a ry . . . . . 36 Cases Book e d fo r T ri al 43 C l ass ifi catio n o f P e rsonne l 13 C ompa ri so n o f T raffi c Cases 1965 - 1966 29 Comp a ri son o f Major Crim es 1965 1966 17 Con cealin g Id e ntity 21 Cos t o f Op eration 49 Crim e Preventio n 24 D i s tributi on o f Crime by Mon th 42 Ide ntificati on Bur eau 22- 23 In t e rn al Securi ty 30 La rcen y . . . . 18 Le tter by Chi e f . 7 Le tter by Mayo r. 3 Ma jo r Cr imes . . 19 Mi ss ing P e rson s Bureau 42 Murder . . . . 14-15- 16 Organizat io n al Chart 11 Po li c e Deten tion Ward - Gra dy Ho s pi tal 20 Po l i c e T rai ning - Ac tiviti e s 46-47 -48 R a d io Dispat c hes Ha ndl e d . 39 Repo r ts No t on F. B . I. R epo rt 45 Traffic C as e s Book e d . . . 29 Unincorporate d Area R eport s 31-32-33 Va lu e of Prope rty R eporte d Stol e n a nd R e turn e d. 38 10 J �ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Mayo r and Board of Ald e rme n Po li ce Comm ittee I Chief -.--I S E R V ICE DIVISION i---, l SUPER I NTEN D ENT 2 CAPTAINS 3 L IEUT E N ANTS l SERGEANT 9 PATROLM E N 2 1 C LE RKS 11 COMM UN I CA T IONS 17T EL . OPE R . 3 LABOR ER S 2 D ET EC TI V E BU I LD ING MAINTENANCE - - I N T E RNAL SECU RITY SUPPLIE S EQUIPMEN T 1- SUPER INTEND E NT · CA P TAINS LIEUTENANTS SERGEAN T S PAT R OLM E N SCHOOL POLICEWOMEN CL ERKS EQU IP ME NT OPER . l 5 7 10 2 89 3 SUPER INTENDEN T CAPTA IN S LI E UT E NANT S SERGEANTS PATRO LM E N GUARDS I CAPTAI N LI EUT E NAN T SERGEANT DETE CTIVE I GE N E RAL INVESTI GATIONS BUREAU SP EC IAL SECURITY SQUAD CR IME PREVENTION CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS I I SQUADS I AUTO THE FT BUR GLARY HOMICIDE L AR C E NY ROB BE RY VICE FUGI T IVE JUVENI L E LOTTE RY I I TRAFF IC SAFE TY E DUC ATI ON ,_ T RA FFI C CO N TROL A CCID E N T IN VESTIGAT ION UNI T S UNIF O RM D I VISIO N ~ R EPORT I D EN TI F ICATION TRAFFI C D IVI SION l 3 5 11 l 90 11 2 3 l l l l 2 CRI ME - I NV E NT OR Y ,_ DET EC T I V E DIVIS I O N l SUPE R IN T ENDE N T 4 CA PTA I NS 8 L I EUTENANTS 16 SERGEAN T S 11 0 D ETECT I VE S 8 PATROLME N 3 POLI C EWO M EN 18 ! DEN T. AI D ES 27 C LE RKS 3TEL .OP E R . 4 GUAR D S I COMMU NIC AT IO NS - ~ LJcHOOL P AT RO L L- I WATCHES MOR NIN G DAY EVEN ING I I UN INCORP ORATED DE T A I L WATCHES MORNING DAY E V E NING DETENTION D I VIS I ON ~ l l 2 3 42 12 5 9 SUPER INT ENDEN T C APTAIN LIEUTENANTS SE RG E ANT S PATRO L M E N MAT R ON S CLERKS GUARDS TRAIN ING DIVISION .___ l 3 l l l SUP E R I NTENDENT LIEUTENANTS SE RGEANT P A T RO L M E N C LERK ~ LI DETEN T I ON BU ILDING I CASHI ER, BOOKIN G PR ISONERS DETE NTION WARD GRAD Y HO SP ITA L PERSONNEL POLICE IN V EST I GATION TRAINING G uards t emporarrly employe d rn patrolm e n vaca nc i e s . P e rs onn e l as of December 31 , 196 /J. �DIVISIONS OF DEPARTMENT DETECTIVE SERVICE BUREAU SUPERINTE NDEN T FR E D BEERMAN Commanding Officer SUPERI NTENDENT CLINTON CHAFIN Comma nding Officer TRAFFIC UNIFORM DIVISION SUP ERINTEND ENT JAMES L. MOSE LEY Comma nding Officer DETENTION DIVISION SU P E RINTENDENT J. F. BROWN C omma nding Offic er DIVISION SUPE RI NTENDENT I. G. COWAN Comm a nd in g Officer DIVISION TRAINING 12 DIVIS I ON SUPERINT E ND E NT J . L. T UGGLE C ommanding Offi ce r �PERSONNEL OF POLICE DEPARTMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1966 Positions Authorized Rank and Grade 1 Chief of Police 6 Superintendents 13 . 29 Lieu tenants 42 . Sergeants 114 Detectives 591 . Patrolmen 3 Policewomen 1 Guard 3 Telephone Maintenance 1 Superintendent of Identific a tion Captains 6 Identification Aides No. 2 12 Identification Aides No. 1 7 . . . Radio Technicians 1 Comm uni cation Engineer 4 Switchboard Operator No . 2 Hi Switchboard Operator No. 1 12 . Prison Matrons 1 . . . 1 Equipment Operator No. 1 2 . . . . . Porters 1 Ste no-Clerk No. 4 6 Steno - Clerk No. 2 1 . Typist-Clerk No . 3 35 Typist - Clerks No. 2 1 . . . Acco unt C l erk 5 Fingerprint Rollers 1 . Clerk No . 4 4 . C lerks No. 2 2 Key Punch Op e rators 112 Traffic Policewomen (School) 1,034 Total 13 Laborers �HOMICIDE 50 25 100 75 125 105 C lea red By Arrest 1964 106 98 C l eared By Arres t 1965 100 C lea re d By Arrest Murder 1966 121 RACIAL DIST RI BUT 10 N KILLED BY UNKNOWN OF MURDERS : KILLED BY WHITE 1964 1965 1966 1964 1965 1966 White 0 1 1 22 20 Negro 1 1 3 2 1 KILLED BY NEGRO T OTAL 1964 1965 1966 1 966 24 3 3 3 28 1 78 74 89 93 121 Murder Weapon Used Where Comm itted Knives 25 Pistols 67 Residences Shotguns (; Business Pla ces Rifles 5 Streets Other 18 Total 121 Total 14 1964 1965 1 96 6 76 72 85 8 9 16 22 19 20 106 100 121 �ATLANTA HOMICIDES 1920 TH ROU GH 1966 Year Number 1920 192 1 1922 1923 1924 1925 1926 1927 1928 1929 1930 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945 1946 1947 1948 1949 1950 1951 1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 45 37 52 40 60 44 54 63 55 113 111 101 104 Not Known 97 11 8 115 81 84 111 106 · 84 58 69 91 97 91 76 88 101 83 102 74 85 79 85 82 83 74 67 47 84 87 106 100 121 P ERPETRATORS Negro Male N e gro Male Negro Male Negro Female Negro Female White Ma le White Ma le Whi t e Fema l e Negro Male White Female White Male Unknown kill s kill s kill s kill s kill s kill s kills kills kills kill s kill s Whit e Ne gro Ne gro Negro Negro Wh ite White Wh it·e White Whit e Ne g ro 3 48 Male Male Fema l e Mal e Female Male Femal e Mal e F e male F e male Ma le 21 19 1 15 5 4 0 0 1 4 VICT IMS 23 5 70 23 White Mal e White Female Negro Mal e Negro Fema l e Tota l 121 JUVENILES 6 Homicide vi c tim s a re ju ve nil es 7 Ju ve nil es a rres t e d as p e rp e trators INC O ME A RE AS 92 Homi c ides committe d in lo w i n com e a reas 27 Homicid es co mmitt e d in me dium in c om e a reas 2 Ho micides c ommitte d in h igh incom e a r eas R EC ORD 89 of the p erpe t ra tor s h a d poli ce re cords 28 of th e p erpe t ra tors ha d no polic e reco rd s 4 o f th e p e rpe tra tor s were unkno wn POPULAT IO N 200 ,6 16 286,000 345,000 499 ,00 0 1920 1936 1946 1966 15 �MURDER 1959 1960 19 61 196 2 1963 19 64 1965 1966 JANUARY 8 7 8 11 4 9 8 12 FEBU RARY 4 2 1 1 3 6 6 6 MARCH 6 7 5 5 6 7 5 3 AP RI L 5 4 8 10 6 16 8 12 MAY 4 7 7 7 12 10 5 12 JUNE 5 2 2 8 4 7 10 16 JU LY 8 12 5 9 10 7 12 13 AUGUST 8 2 9 8 8 10 11 15 SEPTEMBER 7 4 2 8 12 9 8 8 OCTOBER 7 9 9 3 7 10 11 8 NOVEMBE R 7 6 8 7 6 7 4 9 DECEMBER 5 5 10 7 9 8 12 7 Total 74 67 74 84 87 106 100 121 Cl eared by Ar rest 71 68* 70 81 83 105 98 118 8 10 17 22 15 25 24 28 66 57 57 62 72 81 76 93 Numbe r Wh it e Num ber Co l o red I I II MUR DER Doy of Week Monday T u esday Wednesday Thursday Fri day Sa turday Sunda y Total 17 9 7 8 21 38 21 121

Indi cate s that more cases were so lved than committed during the year, some we re crimes of previous years.

16 �1965 - 1966 COMPARISON OF MAJOR CRIMES SUPERINTENDENT CL INTON C HAFIN Detective Bureau PERCENTAGE OF INCREASE OR DE CREASE CLEARED BY ARREST 1965 1966 PERCENTAG E OF CLEAR-UP NAT'L AVERAGE 11 8 97 % 9 1% 125 7 91 81 82 % 64 % 144 17 + 13% 216 267 56 % 38% 345 37 925 + 2% 801 837 90 % 73 % 1,0 19 52 4,820 5,29 1 +10 % 1,468 1,341 25 % 25 % 1,43 1 64 1 8,168 8,255 + 1% 2,019 2,782 30 % 20 % 4,232 1 ,899 33 % 25 % 922 311 1965 1966 Homicid e JOO 121 +20 % 98 Ra e 11 5 99 -1 4% Robbery 4 17 473 Assault 903 Burgla ry La rcen y Under $50. CRIME ...... TOTAL ARREST JUVENILE --.J Larceny Over $50. 4, 200 4,851 +15% 592 1,218 Auto Th eft 2,974 2,39 1 - 20 % 1,0 14 79 1 Autos Recovered 1,9 / 2 2,280 TOTAL CRIMES. 1965 . 21,697 TOTAL ARRESTS . 8 ,218 TOTAL CRIMES. 1966. 22,4 06 TOTAL JUVENILE ARRESTS. 2,964 Incre a se of 3.3 % J anuar y - Dece mber, 1966 in c ompariso n with s am e p e riod, 1965 c ounting Larc eny un der $50 . Not c ou n ting Larc eny under $50 . Inc re a se 4. 6% .. . . . �LARCENY REPORTS INVESTIGATED IN 1966 POCKET PICKING w 0- 0 0 0 0 0 0 ,-.:, 0 0 '° 0 0 V1 0 0 ,-.:, 0 ,-.:, V1 w J:>. J:>. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 V1 0 0 0 $50.00 and over . 4,851 $ 5.00 6,371 to $50.00 322 Under $5 .00 1,884 TOTAL REPORTS INVESTIGATED . PURSE-SNATCHING 306 1,092 SHOP - LIFTING THEFTS FROM AUTO (EX CLUDE ACCESSORIES) 2,7 17 AUTO ACCESSORIES 3,510 877 BICYCL E FR OM B UI LD IN G 2,961 A LL O T H ERS C OIN MACH I NE S 13,106 851 370 18 �,~ ...... ...... 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8,255 8,168 P ICK PO C KET 5, 291 4,820 1,468 473 925 903 837 801 SHOP LI FT / NG 115 121 118 19 �PO L IC E D ET E NT 10 N WAR D AT GRADY HOSPITAL Maximum security 1s now provided at Grady Hos pital for prisoners requumg medica l attention. Six rooms, approximately twenty fe e t squ are, are used as a detention ward a t the hospital for prisoners requiring emergency treatment. A security force varying from two to five officers are on duty in the d e tention ward constantly . Police officers are trained to recognize visibl e physical illness m arrested persons. Evidence of a n y of the following are carried directly to Grady Hospital: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Appearance of any type illness . Having a ny type injury. Una ble to give the ir n a me a nd address m a cohe rent manner. Unable to walk under their own power. If they possess a card indicating they are a diabetic or an epihleptic c ase. Persons a rrested and charged with operating a vehicle under the influence of alcohol or drugs are carried to the Grady Hospital. They have the privilege of taking or rejecting a blood test to determin e the amount of alcohol or drugs c onsumed. The blood is forwarded to th e Georgia State C rime Laboratory where a chemical analysis test is ma d e . The results of th e t es t are forwarded to th e traffic court to be introduc ed as evide nce. After a prisoner has been treated a t the hospital, a doctor determines if their physical condition warrants their being sent to the city jail. D ETENTIO N WARD - GR ADY HOSPITAL 20 I

I

�- -- - - - - - - - - ···~·-· - - IDENTITY CONCEALING .A. rmed robbers attempt -- to conceal their ide nt ity by we aring various disguises. Rubber masks, nylon stockings, and la r ge colored eye glasses are w orn by the criminal whe n perpetrating an act of armed robbery. Banks and other financ ia l institutions install ROBBERS CAUG HT hidden cameras whic h have numerous controls placed 1n strategic The cameras take positions in the bank. still and motion pictures of the robber in action. D i sguises attempt to are w orn eliminate by the positive criminal 1n an identification by wit n esses or hidden cameras. NYL ON ST OC KI NG DIS GUISE 21

- l �I ACTIVITIES OF IDENTIFICATION Pe rson s photographed and fingerprinted Person s identified by fin gerprints Sets of fing erp rints made Disposition s to th e F. B. I. Reports to the variou s courts Report s to probation office , parole board, board of corrections and Bell wood Camp Pers ons checked for jury duty Criminal calls made for ph otos a nd fingerprint dustin g OTHER BUREA U 1966 1965 32 , 2<S6 12,867 48,646 7, 970 22 ,45 4 31,393 13 ,139 46,39 1 12,102 22 ,185 2,278 51,902 1,665 2, 6 28 17 ,353 1 , 242 7,785 1,688 62 7 358 2, 141 273 7,04 1 1,785 8 47 282 2, 019 82 52 ACTIVITIES Fingerprints classifi e d Wan t ed persons flag ged Reports to c l erk-crimin a l court F ulton County Latent prints identified Records to Strip Fi l e Color photo calls Sil ve r 1itrate processing 27 FULL PAL M P RINTS N OW MADE 22 �IDENTIFICATION When applying fingerprint powder at the scene of a crime, we now use a brush with magnetic powers in place of bristles. The b r ush e x cels when used on paper, wood and other highly porous surfaces, it is not recommended on Iron or Steel surfaces. We fi nd t hat underside and vertical surfaces no lo n g e r prese nt a problem. A s pe ci al po w de r w h i ch consists of metallic s ub s t ances is no t only efficient but is e c o nom i ca l. T h e brush picks up any e x cess p o w d er. 23 �CRIME PREVENTION The C rim e Prevention Burea u was added to the Detective Department this year. In addition to inv es tig a tin g mis.sing persons , ma liciou s mi schief, juveniles , s tol e n bicy cl es a nd threa t e ning phon e call re ports , th e Burea u is ve ry ac tive in preve nting crimes. White a nd Negro officers wo rk as partn ers building a cooperati ve a ttitude b e t wee n th e resid e nts living in th e less fortunate a r eas of th e city a nd Police De partment personnel. Members o f th e Burea u a nd representatives of th e Eco nomic Opportunity Cent e r s work together p e rs u a din g yo un g people to see k th e services offered a nd to b e pro cessed for e mplo ym ent by th e yo uth program. Two hundr ed a nd sixt y-three s choo l drop outs re turned t o th e ir cl asses as a direc t re s ult of th e Bure a u ' s ac ti v iti es . P e rsonnel ass ig n e d to thi s Bureau a tte nd several mee tings eac h wee k on th e ir ow n tim e 10 o rd er to di sc u ss c rim e a nd ju ve nil e problems with th e public . Th e Bur eau co mmunic a t e d wit h ove r fift y tho u sa nd o f Atl a nta's c iti ze ns durin g th e year. T h e ir se rv i ces are offe r ed to a dults a nd c hildr en of a ll ages, in th e fo rm of gu ida nc e, helpin g the m to become productive c iti ze n s. In th e p as t th e o nl y cont ac t s most of th ese p e ople had with po li ce we re unpl easant , u s u a ll y a ri s ing fro m scrapes wit h l aw e n fo rce me nt age n cies. T h e Bur eau ass i s t ed th e P a rk s Dep a rtm e nt in est abli s hin g t e n p l ay lots in th e c ity thi s year a nd coopera t e d in providing sup e rvi so ry pe rso nn e l a t pl ay gro un d a reas. V i s ible pro g ress is n o t ed s in ce th e c rea ti o n of th e Bureau in e limin a ting a n invisible barri er whi c h pr event e d mutual und er s t a ndin g b e twee n poli ce a nd c iti zens in o ur l ess fortunate a r eas. A be tte r mutu a l und ers ta n d ing by bo th grou ps i s be g inning to s how in th e overa ll res u l ts. 24 �CRIME PREVENTION G ROUP CONTACT TEE NA GE CONTACT STR EE T CO N T AC T 25 �1966 TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SUMMARY NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS 1. TYPE OF ACCIDENT Motor V e hicle : 1. Ron off Rood 2. Ov er turned on Rood - 3 . P e des trian NUMBER OF Pi:RSONS Non - Fatal All Accidents F oto I 2, l 08 37 70 Total a b C T otol K ii le d Total a 42 1,030 717 217 96 30 15 8 7 27 618 304 218 97 525 126 23 1, 397 24 l!i 6 3 46 674 Injured Prop e rty Domoge 618 27 591 289 210 92 b C -=:I: 4. Moto r Ve hicle Traffic 20 , 549 25 1,333 911 312 110 19 , 191 30 2, 779 1,296 714 770 " ·-u 5. Par ke d Motor Vehicle 1, 499 3 113 82 27 4 1,383 4 163 99 41 23 l 4 2 2 9 l 5 2 3 42 25 13 46 26 16 4 31 24 7 59 45 11 3 4 3 l 4,734 2,507 1,229 ..c 0 >" 6 . Railroad Train 14 2 7. Bicycli st 46 4 4 a ~ a N 0\ C: a V, --·- 8. Animal l 9. Fi xe d Obj e ct 116 10. Oth e r Obj ect 4 l 1 84 l 4 0 u 11. Other Non-collision 16 4 3 l 2,816 1,876 704 12 12. TOTALS 25,041 94 236 22,131 105 persons killed in 94 fatal accidents . CODE FOR INJURY A - Visible sign s of injury, as bleed in g or distorted member; or had to be carried from the scene. B Other vi s ible injury , a s brui ses , abra s ions, s well in g, l imping , etc. C No vi s ible injury but complaint of pain or momentary uncon s ciou sness . 105 1,000 �r~ 26000 24000 22000 20000 18000 17,243 16000 14000 12000 10000 8000 5,269 6000 r--- 4000 N 3000 2500 2000 1500 944 1000 500 100 50 0 667 5 73 806 �ACCIDE N TS 7966 A// Acc idents Con tri bu ting C ircums tance s Indi cated Fa ta l Ac c iden ts 1965 1966 1966 196 5 830 706 25 18 Fail to yield right-of-way 4,423 3,430 5 2 Drove left of center 1,131 969 11 9 Improper o ve rtaking 634 489 2 0 Past stop sign 1,107 820 3 1 Disrega rd ed traffic signal 1,254 858 1 0 Follow e d too closely 6,854 5,643 0 4 Made improper t urn 1,667 1,254 0 0 Other improp e r driving 5,360 4, 169 26 17 428 373 0 0 21 16 0 0 938 818 6 4 24, 647 19,545 79 55 Speeding too fas t Inadequ a t e brakes Improper lights Had bee n drinking To tal

1966 105 P ersons kill ed in 94 fatal accidents • 1965 84 P ersons killed in 8 1 fa tal acciden ts By Day o f Week Perso ns Ki ll e d B y Hour of Day 11 - 12 12- 1 1- 2 2- 3 3- 4 4- 5 5- 6 6- 7 Tota l AM AM AM AM AM AM AM AM 6 6 6 6 6 1 2 4 37 7- 8 AM 8-9 AM 9- 10 AM 10-11 AM 11 AM to 12 PM 12- 1 PM I - 2 PM 2- 3 PM Total 4 3 2 5 0 2 2 0 18 28 3- 4 PM 4- 5 PM 5-6 PM 6 - 7 PM 7- 8 PM 8- 9 PM 9-10 PM 10-11 PM 5 4 8 7 7 3 6 10 Mo nday T u es day 12 17 Wednesday T hur sday Fri d ay Saturday Sunday 8 16 7 25 20 T o tal 50 Total 105 �TOTAL TRAFFIC ARREST 1966 1966 CHA RG E 60 233 33 2, 546 1965 CHANGE 3 - 89 4 3 , 192 54 3 ,181 223 44 1 3 ,285 61 5 5,3 10 16 , l 0 6 1 , 067 28 1 , 2 13 215 8 32 6, 58 1 1, 185 636 4,298 40 22 30 , 06 8 1 ,6 98 197 19 , 555 8, 5 8 6 18 I 3 ,77 1 9 24 635 81 l 175 4 3 10 97 11 l 46 2 57 32 2 29 2,54 0 638 3,956 75 3, 066 20 5 88 l O, 34 8 69 9 5, 4 37 19, 086 1,3 47 30 1,1 53 262 773 6,80 9 1, 232 7 34 4,24 1 4l 71 3 5 , 08 1 3, 0 92 167 2 l , 5 58 11 , 0 45 11 2 3 , 726 89 1 652 89 0 50 0 9 38 1 50 10 9 295 128,631 141, 17 6 -12 ,545 1,0 l 0 4 ,4 99 2,547 979 9 ,0 89 11 6 98 1 l , 39 0 1 ,822 2,355 77 l , 37 2 8 74 5, 10 7 3,75 1 1 , 157 l O, 3 20 100 1 , 0 76 1 , 449 2,28 1 2,80 5 1 26 17 0 1 36 - 60 8 - 1 ,2 0 4 - 178 - 1 ,2 3 1 16 - 95 - 59 - 459 - 4 50 - 49 1 , 20 2 26,23 7 1 5 4 , 868 29,2 1 6 1 70 ,3 9 2 -2, 979 - 1 5,. 52 4 D runk o n s tr e e t Dru nk in a uto mob il e Och e r non-traffic vi o l ati ons 477 25 1 935 462 3 31 632 15 - 80 30 3 1 ,663 156,531 20, 50 1 l ,42 5 238 TOTAL ALL VIOLATIONS 1 7 1,8 1 7 20 , 178 - 15,286 32 3 A llowin g a n o ther to dri ve U / I A ll ow in g a n o th e r to drive w i th o ut li ce n se Dri v i ng o n s id ewa lk Drivin g on wro n g s i de o f s tree t D r i v i ng wh i le dri v ers li ce n s e s u s p e nd ed Dri v in g wro n g w a y o n o n e w a y s tr ee t Fa ilin g co g i ve a prope r s i g n a l F a ilin g to g r a nt o r y i e ld ri g ht o f way F a ilin g co obe y offi c ers s i g n a l Fa i li n g to p u l l to c u rb to u n l oa d pas se n ge r Fai lin g co r e m a in i n pro pe r l a n e Fa ilin g co s e t bra k es a nd c urb w h ee l s Fa ilin g to sto p wh e n tra ffi c obs truct e d Fo ll owi n g too cl o se l y I lle g a l o r i mprope r rurn Impedin g r eg ul a r mo v em e nt of tra ffi c Im prop e r e n t e rin g o r l eavin g ·ve h icl e I m pro pe r back in g Imprope r br a k es Im p rop e r e m e r gin g fro m pri va t e dr i ve Im prop e r o r no li g ht s Improp e r pass i n g Impro pe r s ca re fro m pa rk e d p os i ti o n Op e ratin g motor v e h i cl e U / I Pro jec tin g l o ad R i d in g Do ubl e o n moto r scoo t e r Speed in g V i o l a tin g pe d es tri ans d uti es Vio l a ci n g p e d es tri a n s ri g ht s V i o l a cin g r ed li g h t o rd i n a n ce Vio l a tin g stop s i g n o rdin a n ce Bloc k i n g t r a ffi c Im prope r c h a n g in g l anes Motor ve hi cle co llidin g w i t h o bj ec t Ve h icle l ea v in g s t reet o r roa d way Vehic l e co ll i din g wi t h park e d ve h i c l e Blocking in t ersection Fai l to g ra n t R / W to pedestr i a n Oc h er ha za rdo u s v io l ations V i o l ating m i n i m u m s p ee d l aw Drag Ra c i n g C ross in g Median 596 TOTAL HA ZARDOUS VIOLAT IO NS Fa il to abide Fa il to appea r in co urt o n co p y I l l eg a l pa rkin g (re s tr i c t e d ar ea ) Improper muffl er N o dri vers l i ce n s e Vio l at i n g t ru c k a nd tra il er ord in a n ce V i o latin g sect i o n 18.1 73 (Fa il re po rt acc . ) Il l ega l pa rkin g (O ve rt im e) Ille g a l parki n g (Impound) VS MVL O ch e r n on-haz ardou s v i o l a t io n s Vio l at in g Scace In s pect i o n L aw TOTAL TRAFFIC V IOLATIONS Cases in vo l vin g acc id e n t s 29 6 - 42 - 764 - 21 11 5 18 - 44 2,93 7 -8 - 4 - 12 7 - 2, 9 80 - 28 0 - 2 60 - 47 59 - 228 - 47 - 98 57 - 1 - 49 - 5 , 01 3 - 1 , 394 30 -2 ,0 0 3 - 2 , 4 59 69 45 33 - 17 - 79 - 3 25 -5 - 71 47 2 16 7 �INTERNAL SECURITY The Atlanta Police De pa rtm e nt s Internal Security Squad und e rw e nt a re organization this year. Th ey are to perform the following functions within th e department, In ves ti ga te and ascertain th e hone s ty and int eg rity of all police personnel. In ves ti ga t e a ll rumors and complaints of polic e brutality or other police mi sco nduct. In ves tiga t e a nd approve or re jec t , all applications for extra police jobs and inves tiga te a ll ba d debt s compl a int s. Inves ti ga te a nd certify a ll n ew e mployees a nd a ll former e mployees requestin g ree mpl oyment. Establish a sys te ma tic file on compl a ints a nd report imm e di a tel y to 'the Chi ef of Police any case th a t mi ght require dis c iplina ry ac tion ; and to furnish a summary r eport of a ll activiti es t o the Chief of Police. P O L IC E OFF IC ERS ASSAULTED 1966 OFFICERS JAN. F EB. MAR. APR . MAY J UNE J ULY AUG . SEPT . OCT. 0\'. D E C. TOTAL

OFFICERS OFFICERS UNR U LY PRISONERS OFFICERS INJU RED BY ASSAULTED INJURED IN ASSAULTE D PRISONERS NOT INJ URED ACCIDENTS 21 18 25 29 30 25 35 316 20 16 24 29 31 25 36 29 25 32 29 20 7 4 7 10 13 4 12 6 9 7 9 10 13 12 17 19 18 21 24 23 16 25 20 10 12 10 18 16 10 14 12 12 15 9 12 15 316 98 * 218 155 27 24 33 31 18 Of fi ce rs re c e i, •iii g 111i11 or i11j11r y 11 0! sh Oll"/1. O11/ y cases re quir ing bo s pital t re at 111 e 11t i11cluded. In some incidents, more than one officer and one prisoner a re involved. 30 �UNINCORPORATED AREA - 1966 OFFENSES AND ACTIVITIES REPORT UNINCORPORATED AREA OF FULTON COUNTY

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Police services furnished to the Unincorporated Area of Fulton County are furnished by con tract between City of Atlanta and Fulton County. PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT December 31 , 1966 2 1 2 36 12 11 4 Captains Lieutenant (Detective) Sergeants Patrolmen Patrol Cars School Traffic Policewomen Motorcycles (Radio)

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Total traffic accidents Inju ries Deaths Jan. Fe b . M ar. A pr. May Jul y Au g. Sept . Oct. Nov . Dec . Total 107 78 90 100 109 93 133 124 106 126 90 11 7 127 3 53 48 48 59 53 49 83 82 55 81 49 67 68 7 1 0 2 5 2 2 4 4 3 0 4 2 29 June

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VA L UE OF PROPERT Y STOL E N RECOVERED 1965 1966 19 65 1966 1965 Burglaries 318 4 22 $ 72,823 .6 5 $108 ,726 .97 $11 ,840. 70 $10 ,9 17.21 Larcenies 312 366 34, 538 .70 53, 11 6.8 5 64 5.1 7 1, 528.11 48 72 61,900.00 93 , 500.00 79 , 500.00 77, 250.00 169,262.35 255,343 .82 91,985.87 89,695 .32 Larceny of Automobiles Totals 31 1966 �UNINCORPORATED AREA ARRESTS NUMBER OF ARRESTS FBI REPORT - PART ONE 1964 Arrests CRIMIN AL HOMICIDE: Murder & Nonnegligent Manslaughter Manslaughter Forc ible Rape Robbery Aggravated Assault Burglary Larceny Auto Theft Total - Part 7965 4 1 4 2 6 7 9 1 31 12 3 6 5 35 35 42 16 40 726 708 143 6 7 2 29 3 0 3 10 58 One 7966 5 3 39 FBI REPORT - PART TWO Ocher assau lts Arson Forgery & Counterfeiting Fraud Embezzlement Stolen Property, Buying, Receiving , Poss ess ing Va ndalism Weapons: Carrying, Possessing, Etc. Pros ti tu tion and Comm ercialized Vice Sex Offenses Narcotic Drug Laws Gambling Offenses Against the Family & C hildre n Drivin g under th e Influence Liquor Laws Drunkennes s Disorderly Condu c e Vagrancy All Och er Offenses (Except Traffic) 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 3 4 0 0 4 5 10 10 0 3 2 1 14 3 13 10 5 1 6 4 5 5 0 205 24 200 22 0 205 8 350 72 30 5 55 309 61 3 143 1 1 169 190 Total - Part Two 836 794 860 Total - Part One and Part Two 962 902 1003 21 35 24 58 21 40 54 22 237 37 60 81 9 0 OTHER TRAFFIC ARRESTS Driving o n Wrong s ide o f Stree t Failing co Yield Right-Of-Way Followin g coo C lo se Hit & Run No Driv e rs Li cen se Re d Li ght Spe e din g Seate Motor Ve hicl e Laws Stop S i gn Ocher Traffi c Cas es 221 29 68 0 17 1 11 6 19 28 1 59 943 445 82 1 162 531 544 Total Other Traffic Cases 2066 2483 2747 GRAND TOTAL 3028 3385 3750 396 32 2 14 565 409 �. UNINCORPORATED . . AREA -

REPORTS NUMBER OF OFFENSES F BI RE PORT - PART ONE 796 4 Offens e 7965 7966 CRIMINAL HOMICIDE Murder & Non n egligen ce Manslaughter by Negligence 4 2 1 6 7 15 Forcible Rape Rape by Force Assault to Rape-Assault 9 9 0 3 2 1 5 3 2 Robbery Armed - Any Weapon Strong - Arm, No Weapon 12 8 4 9 7 2 3 2 1 Assault Gun Knife, or Cutting Instrument Other Dangerous Weapon · Hands, Fists , Feet, E tc . , Aggravated Other Assaults, Not Aggravated 23 11 5 2 0 5 11 3 4 0 1 3 18 6 2 0 2 8 Burglary Forci ble Entry Un lawful Entry, No Force A ttempted Forcible E n try 257 253 1 3 318 299 7 12 422 409 2 11 LARCENY $5 0 & Over Under $5 0 161 159 159 153 208 158 Auto Theft 60 48 72 687 708 908 Death , Acc idental Dea th , Na tural Doors & Windows fou nd Op en Fires Impounded Auto s, Etc. Lost Ma li cious Mischi ef Miscellaneous P e rsons Injured Suicides Whiskey Stills Destroyed Whi s k ey C ars Confi sca ted 1 11 3 27 240 10 138 13 7 4 4 11 13 15 39 221 10 12 4 124 40 4 11 7 4 13 23 52 202 16 203 145 43 6 3 1 Total 557 679 71 1 GRAND TOTAL 1244 1327 16 19 Illegal (Non-T ax Paid) Whiskey and Mas h Destroyed 1769½ 3678 4886 ½ Ga l. Total REPORTS NOT SHOWN ON FBI REPORT 99 33 . . - �SIXTEEN MILLION MILES Atlanta police deportment ' s vehicles traveled over sixteen million miles rendering--police serv ice in 1966. u u u C C I- 0 0 C) I- 0 IC) C) 0 z- z 0 Patrol cars, which include traffic occident

z:

investigation and uniform prowl cars, drove 1n excess of thirteen million C)

c

V) miles during < 3:: the year. 0 Comparison Atlanta from 1n ~ police vehicles Atlanta realistic would to Washington, <( 3:: 3:: 3:: 0 0 z 1- < z < I- < have driven < < ..J manner - z

c

V) <( I<( 1- 1- z z <( <( ..J ..J ..J I- I- I- <( <( < D. C., 26,185 I- z

c

V) I- < more z z

c

V) < 1- C z 0 I- I- u V) times. D... 0::: loo LL') fxtending th i s analysis further, the patrol 00 wagons drove a distance equal to 437 trips N N from Atlanta to Washington, D. C., motorcycles 1,699 trips, detective cars 2,858 trips and the patrol vehicles 21,191. V) w ..J ..J I- 0 0::: V) I- Ck:: <( D... 34 u >- . u <( u u w tw C 0::: V) 0 Ck:: <( I- u 0 ~ ..J 0 Ck:: z 0 I- C) <( D... < 3:: �WIG SNATCHING Lad ies pa rt i c i pating 1n a ne w fad created a n e w ty pe c ri me . Un expe cte d in v itations to attend social affairs o ft en occur w hen the ladies are unp re p are d an d ti me d o-e s no t permit a vis it to a beau t y s hop . Wi g s a re p u rchased for v arious reasons . It permits a la d y to be re ady to attend social WIG SNATCHI N G affairs in a ma t t er o f minut e s. Wig thieves ca n d e te c t a lady attired in a wig. The perpetrat o rs drive s o r r uns by and snatches the wig from t h e head of the v ic t im . Wigs vary 1n prices fr o m $50 .00 to $1,000 .00. WI G SNATC H I N G 35 �BURGLARY I Residence Night 1966 Residence Residence NON - RES. NON - RES. NON-RES. Total Day Unknown Night Day U nknown Number 212 10 25 389 66,382.96 Value 51 81 10 Feb. 59 83 16 199 9 38 404 95,871.18 March 47 113 20 206 9 24 419 87 , 579 .31 April 64 71 12 191 13 21 372 59,920.49 May 64 75 22 225 7 37 430 88,116.90 June 63 77 22 178 11 21 372 73,06 1.10 July 61 68 26 214 9 25 403 84,786.1 9 Au g. 68 77 15 249 1 34 444 53,247.26 Sept. 76 116 13 289 13 23 530 55,407.94 Oct. 63 111 33 267 11 24 509 81,900.55 Nov . 64 120 23 230 9 38 484 112,021. 19 Dec . 109 115 15 258 11 27 535 82,810.94 Total 789 1107 227 2718 113 337 5291 941,106.01 Jan ! I 36 �AGGRAVATED ASSAULT 7966 0 White woman a ttacks White woman 25 50 75 00 125 150 175 200 225 50 275 300 25 350 75 00 425 50 475 6 Weapon s Day or Weel1 White woman accac ks White man 13 Whi t e woman accacks Negro woman NONE White wo man accacks Negro man NONE. I I Sa turday 138 94 58 62 75 174 324 Total 925 Sunday Monday T u esday Wednesday Thursday Friday White man attacks White woman White man attacks White man White man attacks Negro woma n White man attacks Negro man Negro woman attacks White woman Negro woman attacks White man 107 Force (Bod ily) Pis col Shotgun Rifle Ice Pick Knife Iron Pipe Och e rs Unknown Total 9 25 NONE 10 l NONE Negro woma n attacks Negro woman 102 Negro woman attacks Negro man Neg ro ma n attacks White woman Negro ma n attacks White man 28 THROW I NG AC ID Negro ma n attac ks Negro woma n 399 Ne gro man attac k s Negro man 22 Noc seat e d TOT AL 925 37 14 323 32 14 5 379 3 91 64 �VALUE OF PROPERTY REPORTED STOLEN AND RECOVE RE D 1965 1966 Stol e n J a nua ry $ Re co vered $ 6 23, 837.30 382,93 2.74 Stolen $ 417,605.07 Recovered $ 218,378.60 Febu ra ry 580, 408.24 339, 025.37 505,288 .07 246,675.92 Ma rch 640,6 15.86 392,054. 34 452,772 .43 235, 47 5.97 Apri l 563, 173. 51 297,661.1 2 445,658. 08 243,827.21 May 510,609.67 267,098.49 429,356 .67 193,988.50 Jun e 466,5 34.20 270,067.7 1 407,708. 25 223,72 5.45 Jul y 502,505 .86 280 ,137.3 5 521 ,843.60 302, 805.81 Augus t 475,086.62 198, 181.05 522, 363.66 253,723.91 September 483,731.2 1 306, 387. 47 355 ,099.78 229,289.76 O ctober 424,970.92 265,815.69 48 1,287.02 252,040 .08 Nove mber 390,923.62 210,183.11 476,416. 72 240,367 . 43 Decem ber 510 ,868 . 54 26 4,456.61 500,772.77 265,611.51 $6,173,265. 55 $3 , 474,001.05 $5,516 ,172.12 $2,905,910.15 Tota l 38 �NEW COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Improved talk-out radio capabilities are realized wi th th e installation of a new radio an tenna tower located on th e top of the jail buil ding standi ng 27 0 feet above ground. This system has three separate freq u encies for polic e serv ice a nd on e for the Fire Depa rtment. The s ystem i s so designed th a t in the event of an emergency, a ny or a ll of the channels may be tied together a nd opera t ed by any of th e three main operating positions. Ea ch re ceiver is equipped with a spa re rec eiver fo r e mergencies. We ha ve two additiona l ant e nna towers, one 10 th e southwes t and one in the no rthwes t sec tion of the city , both stan din g 169 feet in height . A third antenn a s y stem is located on top o f Gra dy Ho s pita l and is 305 feet abo v e groun d . Conjestio n will b e g re a tl y reduced in our radio comm un ica ti ng sys t em fo r ma ny y e a rs to come. RADIO Summa ry of Work by Radio Station KIA - 532 196 4 1966 1965 1,3 24 3 , 134 3,879 4 17, 6S9 421 ,662 428 ,802 9, 0 4 5 11 , 538 12 , 143 40 , 05 7 38, 465 38,143 Lookouts and Misce ll a n eo us Call s 27 3, 85 7 303 , 554 309 ,7 08 Total Call s 741,972 778,353 792,675 Other Loca l Depa rtme nts Dispatch es City Dispatches Unincorporate d Are a Wagon Calls NEW ANTENNA 39 �TV/O MILLION DOLLARS IN COUNTERFEIT MONEY SEIZED Alm os t two milli o n do ll a rs 1n counterfei t mon ey co nfi s c a ted a t th e A tlanta Ai rpo rt in Nove mb e r. Mr. Ba rn ey We nt z , Sp ec i a l Age nt i n c h arge of th e Se cre t Servi ce o p era tion sa i d th e counte rfe it bill s we re print e d in dow nto wn A tl a nta . H e sa id p e rf ec t pl a nnin g, timing a nd co -op e ra ti o n b e twee n th e Sec r e t Se rvi ce, Atl a n ta Po li ce, De puty U.S. Mars h a l s a n d n a rco tic a ge nts res ulte d in a ppr e h en d in g s ix p erpe trato rs a n d con fi sca tin g th e c o unt e rf eit mo n ey. Split seco nd timin g r es ult ed 1n th e a rr es t o f th e c ount e rfe ite rs. On e brok e away a nd was very d ra ma ti ca ll y ap preh end ed in th e n e twork o f ra mp s a t th e Airpo rt. Airpo rt pa trolm e n block ed a car co ntai nin g two me mbe rs o f th e co unt e rfeit rin g. l\fr . We ntz s ta t ed th a t thi s i s th e la rges t a mo unt o f co unte rfeit bill s eve r co nfi sca t e d rn th e South . COUNTE R FE I T MONEY 40 �WEAPONS OF AGGRESSION In commi tti ng a crime, criminals do not hesitate to kill or mut ilate anyone who intefers or attem pts t o apprehend them. Weapons of agression vary from a broken bottle to high powered automatic firearms. A favorite homemade weapon weapon of young known hoodulums as is a the tenderizer. It consist of four razor sharp nails driven through a piece of wood with a support back of the nail head. It is used in place of brass knucks and inflicts fo ur lacerations with a single stroke. WEAPONS Other weapons are pistols, shotguns, rifles, broken bottles, icepicks, iron pipes, axes and numerou s cutt ing t ype instruments. We apons of ag ression are not us ed exclusively by crimina ls . Domestic, street, and neighborhood a rguments often terminate in physical combat and weapons of agressi on are used. TE ND E RIZE R 41 �CRIME REPORT BUREAU Distribution of Crimes by Months Rape Robbery Aggravated Assaults J anuary February March April May June July Augus t September October November December 12 6 15 4 12 8 8 4 7 5 7 34 51 30 46 27 24 39 42 24 47 54 55 75 68 93 91 84 57 86 79 88 Totals 99 473 11 Burglary L arceny Auto L arceny 63 69 389 404 419 372 430 372 403 444 530 509 484 535 1,025 1,125 1,172 1,096 1,153 942 1,007 1,140 993 1,186 1,060 1,207 195 215 170 208 152 190 201 212 165 226 216 241 925 5,291 13,106 2,391 72 MISSING P E RSONS BUREAU NEGRO WHITE Age Male Female Male Female Totals 1- 5 8 3 20 8 39 6 - 10 22 8 25 12 67 .11 - 16 196 210 74 126 606 17 - 20 60 110 28 35 233 21 - 30 84 84 32 51 251 31 - 40 46 49 29 38 162 41 - 50 42 33 23 25 123 OVER 50 23 20 29 18 90 481 517 266 313 1,571 Totals 95 % of persons reported missing located or returned. 42 .. �CASES BOOKE D Typ e of Vi olation White Male Whi te Fem al e Negro Mal e Negro Femal e 17 Ye ars and Un der Total Number Arreste d Murder and Non-Negligent Ma ns lau ghte r 21 2 75 18 9 125 Rape 18 0 103 0 23 144 Robbery 75 10 191 2 67 345 Agrava t ed Assa ult 158 20 200 83 1,019 Burgl ary 310 558 15 229 558 367 964 14 307 725 2,17 4 1,431 4,23 2 243 412 10 28 242 681 7 420 2 2 14 94 1 134 12 922 1,349 66 10 18 18 18 0 11 0 31 146 174 0 134 Larceny Auto Theft Othe r Assaults Arson E mbezzlement 88 0 29 0 34 28 0 Stolen Property (Receiving) 37 6 51 13 27 120 8 149 34 266 577 Forgery and Coun terfeiting Fraud' Vandalism 72 1 21 95 33 33 142 11 89 4 1,206 211 Sex offenses, except Rape & Prostitution 184 6 151 20 40 401 Narcotic and Dangerous Drugs 248 86 83 30 4 451 87 5 16 405 234 34 765 37 44 14 154 Weapons - C. C. W. - C. P .. W. L. Prostitution a nd Vice Gambling Offenses against Family-Children Driving Under the Influence 268 43 2,604 222 1,385 54 33 13 4,298 774 Liquor Laws 199 11 341 210 Drunkenness 25,755 2,305 16,369 2,709 238 47,376 4,505 800 74 8,605 2, 289 2,152 18,35 1 89 5 91 0 11 360 41 758 458 458 6,518 7,100 86,192 Disorderly Conduct Vagrancy 181 All other, except traffic 173 0 77 0 376 0 36,388 4, 146 32,040 Run - Aways- loitering-Curfew Total General Court Case s 43 76,516 �NARCOTICS Atlanta is narcotics. agents relatively City work free from evils police, State and in close harmony of Federal in the pre- vention and spread of the dreaded disease known as dope addiction. The Atlanta Police Departments' Vice Squad and the school detectives maintain a strict surveillance on the activities of the high school students. This strict surveillance is reaping dividends. CO NFI SCATED DRUGS Smoking of marijuana or use of drugs i n the proh ibited classification is not prevalent in our high school system. LEG VEINS USED BY DOPE ADDICTS AFTER ARMS VEINS COLLASPE. 44 �CRI ME REPORT BUREAU Reports not sho wn on F.B.I. Annual R e port Lost Items . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recoveries , fqund , impounded, Etc. . . . Forgery, worthless and ficticious checks. Open doors and windows found by patrolmen Fires . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deaths , found dead , no crime . . . . . . . Damage to police property , cars , motorcycles, etc. Persons injured , other than traffic accidents, etc . . Malicious Mischief and vandalism . . . . . . . . Confiscated non-tax paid whiskey (no vehicles involved) Miscellaneous Whiske y cars confiscated. Lotte ry cars confiscated . Narcotic cars confiscated Unrul y prisoners Damage to City property - non-police Officers injured . . . . . . . . . Mol e sting minors, public indecency, etc. A ttempted suicide . . . Sui c ide s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 982 5,205 1,631 884 901 797 825 1,007 2,551 141 1,001 53 31 7 316 522 253 260 173 60 91 191 109 38 69 6,501 1,571 80 350 F ire - Smoking in Bed . . . . . P e rs ons bitten by dogs and cats . A ccidental shootings Injure d in fir e s . . . . . . Suspi c iou s fir e s , a rson, e tc. Arr es t . . . . . . Missi n g Pe rs on s Vul_g a r ph o n e ca ll s Opera tin g with out owners co n s ent Total 26,600 Uni n corporated area repo rts. Unfounded reports . . . . . Report shown on F . B . I. co py . 1, 691 1,048 23,605 Total 53, 944 AUTOMOBILES STOLEN AND RECOVERED 1960 1961 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 Automobil es re porte d sto l en 2,58 1 2,7 18 3,622 3,417 4, 210 2,974 2,39 1 Sto l en automobil es recovered 2, 185 2,269 2, 510 2, 536 3,03 5 2,280 1,972 Stolen elsewh ere, recove red here in 1966 Number 194 Value $355,244.0 0 45 �ATLANTA POLICE TRAINING DEPARTMENT DIVISION 1. Conducted 2 Recruit Classes, 288 hours each, attended by 59 Atlanta Police Officers and 4 courtesy officers from Police Departments in the Atlanta Metropolitan Area. 2. Issued over 18,000 IACP Training Keys to members of the department and conducted 2 department-wide examinations on the contents of the IACP Training Ke y s. 3. Corresponded with 37 individuals seeking information regarding employment with the Atlanta Police Department. 4. Corresponded with 10 organizations which were seeking information of an organizational or technical nature. 5. In conjunction with the F . B . I., a 2 week Recruit Training School was conducted for Metropol. 6. 2 officers worked in conjunction with the Institute of Government of the University of Georgia in producing a series of television shows on Law Enforcement. 7. I officer completed a 6 hour Civil Defense Course on "Shelter Management" and "Radiological Monitoring.' ' 8. 40 officers completed a 3 week course conducted by the Traffic Institute, Northwestern University at the Atlanta Police Academy. 15 of these were City of Atlanta police officers. 9. I officer completed a 40 i.our Red Cross Course, Water Safety Instructor. 10. Conducted two 20 hour Red C ross courses on Life Saving and Water Safety. 11. 3 officers attended Mental Health Seminar. 12 . Conducted Auto Theft Seminar for 70 officers. 13. K-9 training for 9 officers and dogs on searching a building. 14. Riot control training course for 25 officers. 15. Chief H. T. Jenkins attended the Management Institute for Police Chiefs at Harvard University Graduate School of Business Administration from July 3 through August 19, 1966. 16. 52 officers att ended 1 day Auto Theft Conferen ce. 17 .. l officer attended Civil Defense Course at Stanford University, Menlo , California. 18. 2 officers attended Driver Improvemen t Program Instructors Course . 19. The Training Division personnel lectured at 25 various organizations such as churches, clubs, schools , etc., during 1966. 20 . Escort ed 587 persons from religious, educational and military groups through th e Police HQ Building. 46 L �21. Conducted 23 investigations on applicants for re-instatement to the Police Department. 16 officers re-instated and employed IOI new police officers. 22. Conducted 16 investigations on applicants for other police agencies. 23. I officer graduated from the F. B. I. National Academy in Washington, D. C. The purpose of the three months course at the "West Point of Law Enforcement" is to provide officers with a knowledge of the latest administrative and investigative developments in the law enforcement profession. 24 . 7 officers attended the F. B. I. National Academy Associated Retraining Session for 3 days. 25. 2 officers attended the Police Information Network Demonstration conducted by the Metropolitan Atlanta Council of Local Governments and Atlanta Metropol at Georgia State College. 21':i. Riot Control Training Course for 25 officers. 27 . Manned armoured ca r and C. D. wagon and i ss ued riot equipment during e me rge ncy . 28 . 26 officers attended a one-week administration school sponsored by the F. B. I. , Metropol , The Georgia Asso ci a tion of C hiefs of Police and the Georgia Municipal Association. 29. 5 offic ers attended th e one day F. B. I. Law E nforce me nt Confere n ce on Public Relations Community Relations, Scienc e and the Law Breaker, and the Na tiona l Crime Information Cente r, The Computer and Mo dern Communication s, a t the Georgia Police Academy, Georgia State Patrol. 30. 126 showings of I. A. C. P . sight and s ound training film- s trips to the D~partment. 31. In cooperation with the Departme nt of State Age ncy for top ranking foreign police Inte rna tio na l Development, we escorted 34 office rs throu gh the Police HQ B uilding a nd gave th e m a n indoctrination program. 32. In coopuation with the Atlanta Committee for Interna tional Visitors , we escorted throu gh the Police HQ Building a nd conducted a n indoctrination program. 33. 2 offic ers gave a speed and s kidmarks de mon stration a nd l ec ture for T raffic Judges semina r at Emory University. 34. 6 civilian employees investigated prior to empl oyment by the Atlanta Police De partment. 35 . Distributed pamphl et "Know Your Rights" to a ll members of the Police De partment. 36. Made a survey of the Police Department to see if a Pol ice Science Progra m a t Ge orgia State College would be feasibl e. 37. 295 police applicants intervi ewed and inve s tigated. 38. Self-defense and K-9 Corp s demon s trations g i ven at L e nox Square . 39. Interviewed and investigated 20 appli cants for Neighborhood Yo uth Corp s a nd e mp loyed 31. 47 �40. Investigated, interviewed and employed 45 applicants for Police Guard. 41. The I.A. C.P. film "Every Hour - Every Day" with Dann y Thomas was shown co man y civic groups. 42. Processed all extra job requests . 43. 2 police guard's re-instated . 44. Conducted bri e fing on Traffic Control Signals and Gestures for 8 new officers. 45. Made a record check on 200 person s for th e Georgia Co mmission on Ju venil.e D e linqu enc y . 46 . Prepared and distribut e d 1 ,000 copies of a 17 page handout on City Ordin a nc es .

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We added a sight and sound proje cto r sys t e m co our roll call trainin g in Jul y . The Intern a cio nal Association of Chiefs of Police offers chi s trainin g program co a ll police d epa rtm e nts. Thi s system emphasizes per tin ent as pec ts of police training a nd is proving co b e very effective and appreciated by th e me n . N E W PROJ ECTOR 48 �* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * POLICE DEPARTMENT COST OF OPERATION 1966 Purchase of Equipment. 180,739. 59 Ligh ts a nd P ower . . . 22,609 . 30 Service, Moto r Trans po rt Department 520,022 . 51 Uniforms . . . . . . . 88,146.78 Other Cost of Operation 202,282. 18 Salaries . . . . . . . 5,246,0 14. 55 Salaries - Traffic Policewomen (School Crossings) 90,606.90 Rentals , I.B.M. Etc. 81,042.36 Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . · $6, 431,464.17 �OFFICIAL SEAL CITY OF ATLANTA Edited by Lieutenant CHARLIE BLACKWELL Statistics by TABULATION SECTION ��POLICE COMMITTEE OF ALDERMANIC BOARD JACK SUMMERS, Chairman SAM MASSELL. JR. , (President Board of Aldermen) CHARLIE LEFTWI CH, Vice-Cha i rman Q. V . \VILL/AMSON GEORGE COTSAKIS 4 �HENRY L. BOWDEN City Attorney LEWIS R. SLATON Solicitor General Fulton County JOHN E. DOUGHERTY Associate City Attorney �HERBERT T. JENKINS Chief of Police 6 �CITY OF ATLANTA DEPARTMENT of POLICE Atlanta 3, Georgia January 1, 1968 HERBERT T. JENKINS Ch ief Mayor Ivan Allen, Jr. and Board of Aldermen City Hall Atlanta, Georgia Gentlemen: I submit herewith the 88th Annual Report of the Atlanta Police Depa rtm e nt for the year 1967. We wish to express our deep app_r eciation to Mayor Ivan A lle n , Jr. , the members of the Police Committee, and the Board of Aldermen for the very fine help and assistance the depar tm e nt has recei v ed in the year 1967. Resp e ctfully, r::1--r J ..&• .11..:~ Chie ,f of Police P' l 7 • �PRESIDENT JOHNSON AND THE NATIONAL ADVISORY COMMISSION ON CIVIL DISORDERS > nr

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(/) m r ~ �YOU CAN HELP FIGHT CRIME AND PRESERVE ATLANTA ALERT YOURSELF -- LEARN TO PROTECT YOURSELF AND YO~R PROPERTY TAKE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES -- DO NOT LEAVE KEYS IN AUTOMOBILE -- OR HOUSE KEY UNDER DOORMAT OR IN MAILBOX -- LOCK ALL DOORS AND WINDOWS. PROWLERS TO POLICE . REPORT LI GHTED AREAS OFFER SOME PROTECTION ESPECIALLY FOR WOMEN AND CHILDREN. ALWAYS WRITE THE LICENSE NUMBER AND A COMPLETE DESCRIPTION OF THE PERPETRATORS OF ANY CRIMES YOU WI TNESS IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE INCIDENT. NEV ER FLASH MONEY OR EXPENSIVE JEWELRY IN PUBLIC PLACES. TEACH YOUR CHILDREN NOT TO ACCEPT GIFTS, GET IN CARS OR TALK WITH STRAN- GERS. ALL CITIZENS SHOULD COOPERATE WITH LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES IN COMBATING CRIME. PUBLIC APATHY SHOULD BE ELIMINATED. �TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Accidents - Traffic . . . . . 27-28 Accidents - Traffic Summary . 26 Aggravated Assaults 37 Atlanta Grows 14 . . . Automobiles Stolen and Recovered 41 Burglary . . . . . . . 36 Burglars Select Victim 20 Cases Booked for Trial 43 Classification of Personnel 13 Comparison of Traffic Cases 1966 - 1967 29 Comparison of Major Crimes 1966 - 1967 17 Cost of Operation . 48 Credit Cards . . 34 24-25 Crime Prevention Distribution of Crime by Month 42 Identification Bureau 22-23 Internal Security 46 K-9 . . 21 Larceny 18 Letter by Chief . 7 Letter by Mayor. 3 Major Crimes . . 19 Missing Persons Bureau 42 Murder ...... . 1 5-16 Officers Retired in 1967 49 Organizational Chart 11 Police Emergency Vehicle . 30 Police Training - Activities . 44-45 Radio Dispatches Handled . . 22 Reports Not on F. B. I. Report 41 Safety Committee . . . 40 Traffic Cases Booked . 29 Unincorporated Area Reports 31 -3 2-33 Value of Property Reported Stolen and Returned 38 10 �ORGANIZATIONAL CHART Mayor and Board of Aldermen Police Committee I Chief -.- I BUILDING MAINTENANCE SUPPLIES EQUIPMENT INVENTORY SERVICE DIVISION r----, - - 1 3 1 8 26 11 17 3 SUPERINTENDENT LIEUTENANTS SERGEANT PATROLMEN CLERKS COMMUNICATIONS TEL. OPER. LABORERS BUREAU CRIME PREVENTION I 1 SUPERINTENDENT 3 CAPTAINS 13 LIEUTENANTS 2 SERGEANTS 170 PATROLMEN 115 SCHOOL POLICEWOMEN 3 CLERKS 1 EQUIPMENT OPER. - 1 5 19 1 384 SUPER INT ENDENT CAPTAINS LIEUTENANTS SERGEANT PATROLMEN I GENERAL INVESTIGATIONS I TRAFFIC SAFETY EDUCATION SPECIAL SECURITY SQUAD CRIMINAL INVESTIGATIONS I TRA FF IC CONTROd ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION UNITS UNIFORM DIVISION I- I IDENTIFICATION - 1 CAPTAIN 2 LI EU TENANTS 3 DETECTIVES CRIME REPORT - I TRAFFIC DIVISION - INTERNAL SECURITY ·- DETECTIVE DI VISION 1 SUPERINTENDENT 5 CAPTAINS 18 LIEUTENANTS 6 SERGEANTS 127 DETECTIVES 40 PATROLMEN 3 PO LI CEWOM EN 17 !DENT. AIDES 29 CLERKS 3 TE L . OP ER. 2 GU AR DS 5 COMMUNICATIONS I COMMUNICATIONS -~ I SCHOOL PATROL I SQUADS AUTO THEFT BURGLARY HOMICIDE LARCENY ROBBERY VICE FUGITIVE JUVENILE LOTTERY WATCHES MORNING DAY EVENING - l I WATCHES MORNING UNINCORPORATED DETAIL I TASK FORCE DAY EVE NING DETENTION DIVISION - 1 SUPERINT ENDENT 3 LIEUTENANTS 3 SERGEANTS 36 PATROLMEN 12 MATRONS 8 CLERKS 3 GUARDS TRAINING DIVISION - 1 2 1 1 SUPERINTENDENT LIEUTENANTS SERGEANT CLERK ,__ LI DETENTION BUILDING CASHIER, BOOKING PRISONERS DETENTION WARD GRADY HOSPITAL PERSONNEL POLICE INVESTIGATION TRAINING Guards tern p oraril y emp l o y e d in p atrolmen vacancies. P e rs onnel as of December 31, 1967. �DIVISIONS OF DEPARTMENT DETECTIVE BUREAU SERVICE D I VIS I O N SUPERINT END EN T C LIN TON _CH AF IN SUPE RI NTEND ENT FRED BEERMAN Comma nding Offic er C omm a nding Offi c er TRAFFIC DIVISION UN I FORM DIVIS 10 N SUP ERINTEN DENT J AMES L. MOSELEY SUPER I NTENDENT J. F. BROWN C omma nding Offic er Commanding Officer DETENTION DIVISION TRAINING SU PER I NTE NDE NT I . G . COWAN DIVISION J. L. T GGLE Comma nding Officer SUPERINTENDE T Comm a ndin g O ffi ce r 12 �PERSONNEL OF POLICE DEPARTMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDING DECEMBER 31, 1967 Rank and Grade Number of Positions Authorized 1 Chief of Police 6 Superintendent 14 . . Captain 60 Lieutenant 14 Sergeant 130 Detective 643 Patrolman 3 Policewoman 3 . . . 5 Communication Clerk 3 Communication Serviceman 1 Communication Supervisor 2 Communication Technician 2 . . . . Custodial Worker 3 Electronics Technician I 1 Equipment Operator 11 Identification & Record Technician I 6 Identification & Record Technician II 5 Keypunch Operator 2 Police Di spa tcher 12 Police Matron Clerk 1 . . . 2 Principal Clerk 1 Principal Stenographer 5 . . . Senior Clerk 3 Senior Stenographer 3 Senior Typist - Clerk 4 S tenographer 1 Storekeeper 17 Switchboard Operator I 3 Switchboard Operator II 40 . . . . . Typist - Clerk 115 School Traffic Policewoman 1, 122 Total 13 Presser �-- - - - - -- = = = =- ATLANTA GROWS The population of Atlanta is growing by leaps and bounds. This growth is accompanied by a similiar growth in traffic. The Atlanta Region Metropolitan Planning Commission predicts by 1983, there will be an estimated four million six hundred thousand vehicular trips made each day on the streets and highways of Metropolitan Atlanta. HEAVY TRAFFIC These predictions are based on statistics and information compiled by the Commission and the Georgia State Highway Department. HEAVY TRAFFIC 14 �HOMICIDE 50 25 75 100 125 150 175 98 Cleared By Arrest 1965 100 118 Cleared By Arrest 1966 121 C l eared By Arre st 137 1967 141 RACIAL DISTRIBUTION OF MURDERS: KILLED BY UNKN OWN 196 5 White Negro 1 1 KILLED BY WHITE 1966 1967 1965 1 3 2 2 20 1 1966 , 1967 24 1 14 2 KILLED BY NEGRO 1965 1966 3 74 3 89 TOTAL 1967 1967 2 119 18 123 141 Murder Weapon Used Where Committed Knives 24 Pis tols 87 Residences Shotguns 14 Business Place s Rifles 1966 1967 72 85 88 9 16 19 19 20 34 100 121 141 5 Stree ts 11 Other Total l 1965 141 Total 15 �MURDER J U V E N IL E S P E RPETR ATORS Negro Negro Negro Negro Negro White White White Negro White White Unknown Male Male Male Female Female Male Male Female Male Female Male kills kills kills kills kills kills kills kills kills kills kills White Negro Negro Negro Negro White White White White White Negro Male Male Female Male Female Male Female Male Female Fema le Male 2 5 5 72 Homicide victims are juveniles Ju veniles a rreste d a s perpetra tors 25 21 1 9 3 2 0 0 2 4 RECORD 103 30 8 of the p e rpetrators had poli c e records of the perpetrators ha d no police records of the perpetrators were unknown VICTIMS 15 3 White Male White Fema le Negro Male Negro Female 96 IN C OM E AREA S 27 Total 141 102 31 8 Homicide s committed i n low i ncom e a reas Homicide s committed in medium i ncome areas Homicide s committe d in hi gh i ncom e areas 196 4 1965 1966 1967 87 106 100 12 1 141 81 83 105 98 118 137 17 22 15 25 24 28 18 57 62 72 81 76 93 123 1960 1961 1962 196 3 Total 67 74 84 Cleared by Arres t 68 70 Number White 10 Numbe r C olored 57 Doy of Week Monda y Tu es d a y We d nesday 15 13 15 T hur s d a y Friday 18 12 16 Sa t u rd ay 44 Su nday Tora! 24 141 �1966 - 1967 COMPARISON OF MAJOR CRIMES Sl:PERINTENDENT CLINTON CHAFIN Detective Bureau CRIME ........... PERCENTAGE OF INCREASE OR DECREASE CLEARED BY ARREST 1966 1967 NAT'L PERCENTAGE OF AVERAGE CLEAR-UP TOTAL ARREST JUVENILE 1966 1967 Homicide 121 141 + 17% 118 137 97% 89% 139 7 Rape 99 129 + 30% 81 102 79% 62% 121 9 Robbery 473 613 + 30% 267 362 59% 32% 384 91 Assault 925 872 - 6% 837 784 90% 72% 947 50 Burglary 5,291 5,646 7% 1,341 1,800 32% 22% 1,595 793 Larceny Over $50 4,851 4,518 -7% 1,218 1,474 Larceny Under $50 8,255 35% 19% 3,869 1,613 8,632 + 5% 2,782 3,077 Auto Theft 2,391 2,693 + 13% 791 895 33% 23% 1,031 372 Autos Recovered 1,972 2,125 + TOTAL CRIMES - 1966 . 22,406 TOTAL ARRESTS . . . TOTAL CRIMES - 1967 . 23,244 INCLUDED IN THIS TOTAL ARE 2,935 JUVENILE ARRESTS OR 36% In crease of 3. 7% Januar.y through December, 1967 in comparison with same period, 1966, counting Larceny under I 50., not counting Larceny under S50, increase 3. 3%- . . . . . . . 8 ,086 �LARCENY REPORTS INVESTIGATED IN 1967 POCKET PICKING w 0 0 0 °' 0 0 0 -0 N 0 0 <.Tl 0 N 0 0 0 0 0 0 N <.Tl 0 0 w Js. 0 0 0 0 ,.o 0 0 $ 50.00 and over , 4,518 $ 5.00 to $ 50 .00 6,1 4 5 Under $ 5.00 2 ,48i 352 TOTAL REPORTS INVESTIGATED. PURSE-SNATCHING Js. <.Tl 0 289 SHOP - LIFTING 1, 100 THEFTS FROM AUTO (EXCLUDE ACC ESSOR IE S) 2, 867 AUTO ACCESSORIES 3,074 BICYCLE 785 FROM BUILDING 3,28 1 ALL OTHERS 1,074 COIN MACHINES 328 18 13, 150 �.1000 0000 V\ V\ N 9000 00 N r() \0 00 - V\ 00 .... 00 V\ ~' 0 0 00 N t- oo °'.... N -- N 00 �. BURGLARS SELECT VICTIMS The contents of a home determines where some burglars strike, nowadays. A unique system is used in obtaining a list of major appliances he can steal from each home. Information is gathered for the burglar by women who call residences stating she is making a survey and gives the name of a prominent organization with the assurance that she is not conducting a sales gimmick and requests cooperation by answering a few questions needed by her research program. The caller then reads a list of questions such as: Number in family Number employed outside the home Televisions -- size, model, color or black and white Sewing machine -- make, manual or electric Vacuum cleaner -- make and type Radios -- make and size Stereo, if portable Lawn mowers, make, size, riding or self propelled Air conditioning units -- make, tonnage of portable units The caller thanks the housewife for being very helpful. The burglar now has a list of what each home contains. He becomes very selective in his profession. "Ye s, we have a c olor te levis ion." 20 �K-9 SQUAD Outrunning an escaping burglar who has a head start can be very difficult for a police officer, but a simple matter for a K-9 dog, thereby creating a need for a K-9 Squad. Our K-9 Squad consists of one lieutenant and twelve officers, each with a trained dog. When off duty, the dog resides at the hoine of the officer. Befo.re an officer is assigned to the K-9 Squad, his neighborhood is checked for any adverse attitude directed towar.ds a dog living in the vicinity, also, the pen in which the dog is kept must be sanitary and well constructed so as to prevent the dog from escaping. A prospective K-9 dog must have above average intelligence and of even temperment, not over two years of age or under one year of age, should weigh 80 lbs., or more, be in good health, male sex and German Shepherd breed. In selecting a dog for the K-9 Corp, approximately six out of every ten dogs fail to pass tests required by the trainer and are eliminated as prospects for our K-9 Corp. After a dog is selected, he is put through training periods by a professional dog trainer. He is taught to be aggressive and not afraid of gun fire or noise. The dog, during its course of training, is taught to grab the arm in which a perpetrator holds a weapon, thereby preventing use of such weapon. The dog is taught to hold the subject without inflicting additional injury pending the the arrival of the officer. The officer that the new dog will be assigned to work with also attends training school. After graduation, they are designated for street duty. Training wi II continue under the supervision of our professional trainer. Periodically he conducts re-training programs in which the dog is given various tests which indicate its merits and capabilities. The K-9 Squad has two trucks designed to hold the dogs. The trucks are used in covering large areas and transporting the dog from one section to another when necessary. K-9 dogs are very valuable when used for searching large buildings, warehouses and unlighted areas for hidden criminals. 21 �- - - -- - -- - - - - -- - ACTIVITIES OF IDENTIFICATION BUREAU Persons photographed and fingerprinted Persons identified by fingerprints Sets of fingerprints made Dis positions to the F. B. I. Reports to the various courts Reports to probation office , parole board, board of corrections and Bellwood Camp Persons checked for jury duty Criminal calls made for photos and fingerprint dus ting 1966 1967 32,266 12,867 48,646 7,970 23,081 33,177 13,276 49,318 28,270 23 ,580 2,278 51,902 1,665 3,587 397 2,535 7,785 1,688 358 2,141 273 27 8,037 2,161 360 1,826 435 61 OTHER ACTIVITIES Fingerprints classified Wanted persons flagged Latent prints identified Records to Strip File Color photo calls Silv er Nitrate processing RADIO Summary of Work by Radio Station KIA - 532 1965 1966 1967 Othe r Local Departments Dis pa tch es City Dispatches Unincorporated Are a Wagon Calls Lookouts and Miscellaneous Calls 3,134 421,66 2 11 , 538 38,465 303,554 3,879 428 ,802 12,143 38, 143 309 ,708 3,944 413,126 11,369 41,824 295,492 Total Ca ll s 778,353 792,675 765,755 22 �IDENTIFICATION BUREAU A new system was started on a trial basis in the photography section this year. Color slides are made of all persons arrested for robbery and sex crimes. Their image is projected on a screen in exact life size, in natural color and is reviewed by victims and witnesses for identification purposes. The slides are classified and filed according to age, race, sex and height of arrested person. The system is cross indexed with the identification number. During 1967 over 1,700 color slides were made. This system is a great improvement over the four inch by five inch black and white mug shots and produced such favorable results that our present plans are to expand it until all major crimes are eventually included in this color slide system. SEARCHING FOR PERPETRATOR 23 �CRIME PREVENTION ii I, A new concept in cnme prevention was inaugurated by this department during 1967. We are striving to change the thinking and behavior of potential criminals by creating a desire for them to become worthwhile citizens with a correct sense of values which include a respect for City, State and Federal laws and an obedience to home regulation. WE SUPPORT LAW ENFORCEMEN T To deter a person from becoming a criminal and taking the first wrong step, this training must start with youth. Some sections of the city already contain recreational organizations and agencies capable of absorbing the youth population into various constructive activities. SKATE-O-RAMA 2,500 participat ed 24 �CRIME PREVENTION II , In other areas of the city, we find a need for youth guidance organiz a tions. Realizing this need, the department has broadened the structure of crime pre vention by sponsoring several aven ue s of activity for our young people. We encourage and assist groups such as Junior Deputy and Junior Crime Prevention Clubs, since these groups participate in crime prevention by influencing other people to live clean lives. JUNIOR CRIME FIGHTERS Our officers co-operate in providing sight-se e ing tours for the youngsters and assist the Jay cees in providing entertainment during half-time periods at ne ighborhood non-professional football games. Our officers speak to many adult groups suc h as PTA's, ci vic organizations and schools on vanous crime prevention subjects. LOST CHILD FINDS FRIEND 25 �1967 TRAFFIC ACCIDENT SUMMARY l. TYPE OF ACCIDENT All Accidents Motor Vehicle: 1. Ran off Rood ·-3: - 4, Motor vehicle in traffic Property Damage Total Ki lied 16 1,568 27 7 1 48 a b C 737 571 150 16 8 37 16 13 8 29 617 337 189 91 1,364 878 341 145 17,956 39 2,807 1,331 668 808 1, 450 3 105 75 26 4 1,342 3 144 93 38 13 14 9 3 2 67 35 23 9 1 1 40 11 8 2 1 16 1 1 13 9 3 1 4, 861 2,646 1, 196 5 1 2 12 7. Bicyclist 66 1 61 32 21 8 4

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8, Animol 1 1 1 9. Fixed object 51 11 7 10. Other object 17 1 11, Other non-collision 25 10 7 2 1 15 2, 907 1,914 735 261 21,001 u 86 32 8 VI 257 19,352 1 --·-0 806 83 21 C 0 1, 149 C 183 6, Ra ilroad train 0 b 327 > 0 -- a 593 ~ 0 Total 29 ..r:: IJ NUMBER OF PERSONS In jured 622 5, Parked motor vehicle u - Total 64 3. Pedestrian ..r:: Fatal 23 2,328 2, Overturned on road NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS Non-Fatal 1 3 1 2 12. TOTALS 23 , 997 89 100 1,019 100 persons killed in 89 fatal accidents. CODE FOR INJURY A - Visible signs of injury, as bleeding or distorted member; or had to be carried from the scene. B. - Other visible in jury, as bruises, abrasions, swelling, limp ing, etc. C. - N o visible injury but complaint of pain or momentary unconsciousness. -" - I ' A ' , ~- - , ' .,,

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,-

\) /. I I L()b__, '- . -( �26000 24000 22000 20000 18000 17,243 16000 16,428 14000 12000 10000 8000 6 , 833 6,719 6000 r--- 4000 N 3000 25 00 2000 1500 1000 500 100 so 0 94 4 850 �ACCIDENTS 1967 Contributing C ircumstanc e s Ind icated F ata l Accidents All Accidents 1966 Speeding too fas t 1967 1966 1967 830 796 25 15 Fail to yield right-of-way 4,423 4, 075 5 5 Drove le ft of c e nter 1,131 1, 137 11 11 Improper overta king 634 579 2 2 Past stop sign 1,107 1, 111 3 0 Disregarded tra ffic signa l 1,254 1, 220 1 5 Followed too clos ely 6,85 4 6,285 0 2 Ma de improper turn 1,667 1,700 0 0 Other improper driving 5,360 5,49 5 26 31 428 353 0 0 21 26 0 0 938 996 6 2 24,647 23,773 79 73 Ina dequa te brakes Imprope r li gh ts Ha d been drinking Total

1966 105 P ersons ki lle d in 94 fata l a ccident s • 1967 100 P e rsons k illed in 89 fatal ac cide nts By Day of Week Persons Kill ed by Hou r o f Day 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 - 12 AM 1 AM 2 AM 3 AM 4 AM 5 AM 6 AM 7 AM Tota l 6 3 1 3 0 1 2 6 22 7 - 8 AM 8 - 9 AM 9 - 10 AM 10 - 11 AM 11 AM to 12 P M 12 - 1 PM 1 - 2 PM 2 - 3 PM Total 4 3 2 1 3 4 6 9 32 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 IO - 4 PM 5 PM 6 PM 7 PM 8 PM 9 PM 10 PM 11 PM Total 28 7 2 7 9 5 11 3 2 46 Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunday Total IO 11 13 11 20 22 13 100 �TOTAL TRAFFIC ARREST 1967 CHARGE I \ Allowing another to drive U/ I Allowing another to drive without license Driving on sidewalk Dri ving on wrong side of street Driving while drivers license suspended Driving wrong way on one way street Failing to give a proper signal Failing co grant or yie ld right of way Failing to obey officers signal Failing to pull to curb to unload passenger Failing to remain in proper lane Failing to -set brakes and curb wheels Failing to stop when traffic obstructed Following too closely Illegal or improper turn Impeding regular movement of traffic Improper entering or leaving vehicle Improper backing Improper brakes Improper emerging from private drive Improper or no lights Improper passing Improper start from parked position Operating motor ve hicle U/I Proj e cti ng load Riding double on motor scooter Spe ed ing Vio lating pedestrians duties Viol a tin g pedestrians rights Viola tin g red li ght ordinance Violati ng stop sign ordinance Blocking traffic Improper changing lanes Motor vehicle colliding with object Ve hicl e leaving street or roadway Vehicle colliding with parked vehicle Bloc king intersection Fail to grant R/W to pedestrian O ther hazardous violations Violating min imu m speed l aw Drag Raci ng Crossing Median TOTAL HAZARDOUS VIOLATIONS ., Fail co abide Fail co appear in court on copy Illegal parking (restricted a rea ) Improper muffler No drivers li c ense Violating truc k and trailer ordinanc e Violating section 18.173 (Fail report a cc.) Illegal parking (overtime) Illegal pzirking (impound) VSMVL Other non-hazardous violations Violating St ate Inspection Law TOTAL TRAFFIC VIOLATIONS Drunk on street Drunk in automobile Ocher non-traffic violations TOT AL ALL VIOLATIONS Cases involving accidents 29 1967 1966 CHANGE 86 305 31 2,384 555 2,484 39 3,086 206 30 9,763 45 9 4,739 15,715 737 17 1,014 185 786 5,075 898 664 4,762 98 6 32,627 1,119 252 19,275 10,490 62 4,033 886 647 844 84 4 358 221 171 347 60 233 33 2,546 596 3,192 54 3,181 223 44 13,285 61 5 5,310 16,106 1,067 28 1,213 215 832 6,581 1,185 636 4,298 40 22 30,068 1,698 197 19,555 8,586 181 3,771 924 635 811 175 4 310 97 111 462 26 72 -2 - 162 - 41 -708 - 15 - 95 -17 - 14 -3522 - 16 4 - 571 - 391 - 330 - 11 -199 - 30 - 46 - 1,506 -287 28 464 58 -1 6 2559 - 579 55 - 280 1,904 - 119 262 - 38 12 33 -91 0 48 124 60 -115 125,139 972 4,218 1,792 1,057 8,415 44 1,114 712 1,86 1 2,564 71 3,839 128,631 1,010 4,499 2,547 979 9,089 116 981 1,390 1,822 2,355 77 1,372 -3492 -38 - 281 - 755 78 -674 -72 133 -678 39 209 -6 2,467 26,659 151,798 389 263 859 26,237 154,868 477 251 935 42 2 -3070 -88 12 -76 1,5 11 153,309 19,377 1,663 156,531 20, 501 -152 -3222 -1 , 12 4 �POLICE EMERGENCY VEHICLES Accidents on our expressway system usually are more s_evere than accidents occurring in slow moving areas. Often times, people are trapped inside wrecked vehicles. Danger of fire is ev er present, thus creating the need for emergency rescue vehicles with great maneuverbility and power. Io answer of chis need , two small but powerful vehicles equipped with four-wheel driv e capable of moving heavy broken down trucks from the traffic arteries were added to the mobile units this year. They are manned by officers trained in resuscitation , first aid and other phases of rescue work. Due to their great maneuverbility, these small vehicles can reach the scene of an emergency much faster than the large heavy type rescue vehicles. These vehicles are in addition to the four trucks that patrol our expressway syste m rendering assistance to stranded motorists . When not involved in rescue operations, the vehicles patrol the e x pre s sways helping ocher police units in the regulation and control of vehicular traffic. Personnel assigned to these vehicles are experts in operating the following equipment c a rried in the vehicles. Resuscitator First Aid Kit Porter power jack Hydraulic jack Wire cutter Jumper cable Metal cutter Bolt cutter Snatch block Wench AC power generator unit Fire extinguisher Electric Metal saw Tow chain Leg splint Arm splin t P O WER JA C K FORCES DOOR OPEN - RESUSC ITA TOR USED 30 �UNINCORPORATED AREA - 1967 OFFENSES AND ACTIVITIES RE PORT UNINCORPORATED AREA OF F ULT ON C OUNTY

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Pol ice services furnis h e d to the Unincorpora ted Area of F ulton County are furnis hed by contract between City of Atlanta a nd F ulton County. P E RSO NNEL AN D E QU IP MENT De cember 3 1, 1967 2 C a pta in s 1 L i e u tenant (De tec ti ve) 4 De tec tives 4 Lieutenants (Uniform) P a trolmen P a trol cars Police Wome n (School T ra ffi c) Motorcycles 44 12 11 4

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Apr. May June J uly Aug . Sept. Oct. Nov . Dec. Total 99 111 86. 11 4 104 134 94 126 140 139 1,331 41 42 76 62 70 75 89 56 90 76 68 796 6 0 3 0 1 1 4 2 1 4 4 30 Jan . Feb. Mar. Total traffic accide nts 88 96 Injuries 51 Deaths 4

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VALUE O F PROPERTY STOLEN RECOVERED 1967 1966 1967 1966 1967 1966 Burglaries 423 422 $113,721.63 $108,726.97 $ 8,244-91 $10,917.21 Larcenies 451 366 $101,908.01 53 ,116.85 8,902.62 1,528.11 49 72 86,965.00 93,500.00 66, 015 .00 77,250.00 302,594.64 255,343.82 83,162.53 89,695.32 Larceny of Automobiles Totals 31 �UNINCORPORATED AREA ARRESTS NUMBER OF ARRESTS FBI REPORT - PART ONE 1965 Arrests CRIMINAL HOMICIDE: Murde r & Nonnegligent Mansl aughter Ma ns l aughte r Forcible R a pe Robbery Aggravated As s ault Burglary Larceny Auto Theft 1 1966 4 9 1967 2 7 3 11 9 93 118 7 3 6 5 35 35 16 5 3 39 42 40 108 143 256 7 2 3 3 0 4 5 29 1 0 4 0 3 9 5 1 0 10 13 0 3 1 4 0 200 22 305 55 1 169 10 5 6 5 0 205 8 309 61 1 190 2 26 18 0 4 2 0 0 255 5 266 1 0 31 4 Total - Part Two 794 860 908 Total - Part One a nd P a rt Two 902 1003 1164 35 40 54 22 237 37 821 162 531 544 60 81 116 19 281 59 943 214 565 409 96 152 166 23 349 158 1640 368 985 531 Total Other Traffic Cases 2483 2747 4468 GRAND TOTAL 3385 3750 5632 Total - Part One 1 13 FBI REPORT - PART TWO Other Assaults Arson Forge ry & Counterfe itin g Fraud Embez zlement Stol en P roperty, Buying, Re c eiving, Possessing Vandalism Weapons: Carrying, Possessing, E tc. Pros titution and Comme rc ialized Vice Sex Offenses Narcotic Drug Laws Gambli ng Offe nses Agains t the Family & Children Driving under the Influenc e Liquor Laws Drunkenness Disorderly Conduct Va gra nc y All Other Offe ns es (Exc ept Traffic ) 10 0 OTHER TRAFF IC ARRESTS Driving on Wron g Side of Street Failing to Yield R ight-Of-Way Following T oo C lose Hit & Run No Drivers License Red Light Speeding State-Motor Vehicle Laws Stop Sign Other Traffic Cases 32 �UNINCORPORATED AREA REPORTS FBI REPORT - PART ONE NUMBER OF OFFENSES Offense 1965 1966 1967 CRIMINAL HOMICIDE Murder & Nonnegligence Manslaughter by Negligence 1 6 7 15 10 Forcible Rape Rape by Force Ass ault to Rape-Assault 3 2 1 5 3 2 3 3 0 Robbery Armed - Any Weapon Strong -Arm , No Weapon 9 7 2 3 2 1 6 4 2 11 3 4 0 1 3 l8 6 2 0 2 8 24 7 2 5 2 8 Burglary Forcible Entry Unlawful Entry, No Force Attempted Forc ible Entry 318 299 7 12 422 409 2 11 423 408 3 12 LARCENY $ 50 & Over Under $ 50 159 153 208 158 253 198 Auto Theft 48 72 49 708 908 968 11 4 13 23 52 202 16 203 145 43 6 3 5 18 62 45 201 35 240 117 31 2 1 3 Assault Gun Knife, or Cutting Instrument Other Dangerous Weapon Hands, Fis ts, Feet, E tc., Aggravated Other Assaults , Not Aggravated Total 2 REPO RTS NOT SHOWN ON FBI REPORT Death , Accidental Death , Natural Doors & Windows Found Open Fires Impounded Autos, Etc. Lost Malicious Mischief Misce llaneous Perso ns Injure d Suicides Whiskey Stills De s troyed Whiskey Cars Confiscated 124 124 40 4 11 7 Total 619 711 760 GRAND TOTAL 1327 1619 1728 Illegal (Non-Tax Pa id) Whiskey and Mash De stroyed 3618 4886½ 13 15 39 221 10 33 1 2336 Gal. �LARCENY OF CREDIT CARDS Over 140,000,000 credit cards were in circulation in 1966. This number greatly increased during 1967 . Illegal and unauthorized use of credit cards cost American citizens between twenty-five and thirty million dollars per year and from all indications, this amount will continue to increase. Merely by presenting a credit card, cash and most any type of service or commodity is obtainable on demand by the holder of credit cards. Various methods a re used to obtain credit cards, Some are stolen by pocket pickers , some by resident burglars and some from hotel and motel guests. They are also counterfeited. Airlines, department stores and service stations are targets in the credit card racket. Tremendous bills are run up very fast at motels and hotels especially in large cities . before the owner has any knowledge that. his credit card has been stolen. Service stations are frequent victims in this sophisticated form of larceny . Not only is the credit card used for purchasing motor fuel, it is used for purchasing tires a nd other items offered for sale in the station . In one case, a victim received a bill for twenty high priced automobile tires that had been purchased two at a time in different stations between Atlanta and C a lifornia , using a stolen credit card. In a distant city, a young boy with a stolen credit card ran up bills for over ten thousand dollars having parties and purchasing gifts for girls he met, before being apprehended. HOTEL PAID B Y CR EDIT CARD 34 �GULLIBLE CITIZENS SWINDLED Widows and poor citizens are swindled by fast talking con-men who represent themselves as being reputable building contractors. These contractors seek their victims by door-to-door contact and telephone calls. The victim is promised first class workmanship below the market cost, for additional rooms , carports, driveways, patios and other type of remodeling to their home. In some instances, the victim signs a second mortgage unbeknowing. Tliis is done by the swindler at the time of the signing of the contract. He shuffles a mortgage paper in with the contract papers and the victim innocently signs all papers. In other cases , the perpetrator is given 50% of the total amount of the contract to purchase building material. The balance to be paid upon completion of the job . The perpetrator spends about a half day tearing out or doing preparatory work, leaves the job, neve_r to be heard of again. In mos t cas es , the victims are widows and uneducated people who are not in the position to sta nd such losses . In cases where second mortgages are made, the victim is laboring under the illusion that she is to pay a reasonable amount of money for the job. She is shocked when she receives a past due noti ce that she has failed to pay the first payment due on her second mortgage, which in most cases 1s more tha n she ordinarily would have paid had she been dealing with a reputable contra ctor . SI GNS MOR TGAGE AND C ONTR ACT 35 �BURGLARY 1967 Residence Night Residence Day Residence NON-RES. NON-RES. NON-RES. Total Unknown Night Day Unknown Number Value Jan. 65 108 14 322 15 42 566 90,694.33 Feb. 45 82 22 251 8 34 442 79, 085.84 March 61 97 27 204 9 31 429 65,667.1 7 April 75 113 14 191 7 22 422 54,856.2 1 May 67 89 18 194 10 19 397 73,426.26 June 68 71 19 223 8 14 403 56,908.22 July 77 66 20 304 19 22 508 51 ,821.18 Aug. 87 91 18 217 9 27 449 49,747.. 82 Sept. 85 96 21 190 17 32 441 55,667. 69 Oct. 85 122 25 229 9 19 489 82 ,203. 76 Nov. 58 141 27 287 8 27 548 97 ,476.49 Dec. 79 116 36 284 11 26 552 99,876.88 Total 852 1, 192 261 130 315 5,646 857,431 .85 2,896 36 �AGGRAVATED ASSAULT 1967 0 25 50 75 l 00 125 150 175 200 225 250 275 300 325 350 375 400 425 50 475 White woman attacks White woman 4 White woman attacks White man 9 White woman attacks Negro woman 0 Sund ay Monday Tuesday Wednesday White woman attac ks Negro man Weapons Day of Week 0 Thursday Friday Saturday White man attacks White woman 163 80 91 59 68 -122 289 Force (Bodily) Pistol 26 8 7 343 7 91 19 872 Sho tgun Rifle Ice Pick Knife Iron Pipe Others Unknown 98 White man attacks White man Wh ite man attacks Negro woman 0 White man attacks Negro man 8 Ne gro woman attacks White woman 0 Negro woman attacks White man 0 Total 872 Total Negro woman atta cks Negro wo ma n Negro woman attacks Negro man Negro man attacks White woman Negro man attacks White man Negro man attacks Negro woman 408 Negro man attacks Negro man Not state d TOTAL 872 37 27 344 �VALUE OF PROPERTY REPORTED STOLEN AND RECOVERED 1967 1966 'Recovered Stolen Reco v e red 417,605.07 $ 218,378.60 $ 510,739.19 $ 285, 498.62 February 505,288.07 246,675.92 490,538.26 247,489.86 March 452 ,772.43 235 ,475.97 481,22 7.07 267, 296.99 April 445,658.08 243,827.21 394, 606.97 208,463.8 4 May 429,356.67 193,988.50 470, 556.01 232,849.% June 407 ,708.25 223,725.45 441,070.61 180,665.70 July 521,843.60 302,805.81 575,660.44 31 8,1 65 .97 August 522 ,363.66 253 ,723.91 564,732. 54 243,6 57.05 September 355,099. 78 229 ,289.76 499,018 .38 301,573.84 October 481,287.02 252,0 40.08 470,409 .42 233,370.68 November 476, 416.72 240,367.43 643,693.25 293 ,048.14 December 500 ,772.77 265 ,6 11. 51 639,217. 54 361 ,290.81 $5,516,172 . 12 $2,905,910 . 15 $6,181,469 .68 $3, 173,370.86 Stolen January Total $ 38 �WORTHWHILE ENDEAVORS Many of our police officers are engaged in var10us rypes of commendable activity during their off-duty hours. This rype activity varies from boy scout leadership to conducting religious services for our silent citizens. Due to the limited space m this publication, we are illustrating only two of these endeavors. While a ssi gned to the Morning Watch (12PM-8AM) Officer C. L. Huddleston observed groups of deaf people gathering for fo od and fellowship in a downtown restaurant. He obs erved them very closely and became interested in them. Years lat er, he transferred from the mission committee to the silent department in his church. Not knowing the A B C' s in the si gn language, he studied the sign language i n orde r to take part in teaching the word of God to our d eaf c itizens . Officer Huddles ton now teaches a class of 45 deaf people each Sunday.

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BIBLE TEACHING BY SIGN LANGUAGE Ray H . Billings, assigned to the Radio Division , the hol der of a Bachelor of Elec tri cal E ngineering Degree from Georgia T e ch , has be en an active scouter for 12 years. He has been a member of the Di strict Eagle Re view Board for 8 yea rs . He served in other capacities such a s c ub pack Trea sur er-secretary , troop a dva ncement chairma n , troop committee ch airman , a ss is tan t scou t ma ster and institutiona l representati ve . Such acu v1ty as overnight campi ng, hikes into various points' throughout the Sta te o f Georgia a nd attending the s ummer troop outings and te a chi ng the boy s scouting s ki lls i s greatly enjoyed by Mr . Billings . S C OUTING 39 �POLICE SAFETY COMMITTEE A Safety Committee authorized to investigate all incidents where police personnel are involved in vehicular accidents and city property is damaged, meets once each week. This Committee consists of one superintendent who acts as chairman and votes only in case of a tie, one lieutenant who acts as secretary and is in charge of motorized equipment, and does not vote, one detective and three patrolmen. After reviewing the evidence, the Committee will decide on one of the following: 1. The officer involved is exonerated. 2. Guilty of failure to avoid or prevent an accident with no penalty. 3. The officer involved be required to give a five minute safety lecture at roll call training. 4.' The Traffic Court conducts a school where first offenders attend in lieu of paying a fine . Traffic laws a re reviewed . The officer must attend one of these schools in uniform in his off duty hours. 5- Probation by Safety Committee for specified time. 6. The officer involved be assigned to a foot beat and not a llowed to dri ve a police vehicle . 7 . The officer be suspended, not to exceed five days. 8. Charges be preferred against the officer and tried before the Police Committee. SA FE TY COMMITTEE 40 �CRIME REPORT BUREAU Reports not shown on F. B. I. Annual Report Lost Ite ms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Recoveries, found, impounded, Etc. . . . Forgery, worthless and ficticious checks. Open doors and windows found by patrolmen Fire s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Deaths, found dead, no crime . . . . Damage to police property, cars, motorcycles, etc. Pers ons i n jured , other than traffic accidents , etc. Mali cious Mi schief and vandalism . Burned to Dea th . . . . Miscellaneous . . . . . Whiskey cars confiscated Lottery c a rs c onfiscated . Narcotic cars confiscated Unruly pri sone rs . . . . Damage to City p roperty - non-police Offic ers injured . . . . . . . . . Moles ting minor, pu blic indec en cy, e tc . Attempted suicide. . . Suic ides . . . . . . . . . . . Fire - Smokin g in Bed . . . . . Persons bi tten by dogs and c ats Accidental s hootings . • . Injured in fires . . . . . . Sus pic ious fires , ars on , etc . Arrest . . . . . . Missing P ersons . . . . . Vulgar phone c a lls . . . . Operating without owners consent . 1, 149 5,456 1, 454 1,082 748 835 673 1, 018 2,510 5 838 47 26 9 358 441 270 254 200 55 75 139 92 26 55 7,114 1,719 55 327 Total . . . . . . . . . . 27,030 Unin corporated area reports Unincorporated area unfounde d reports Unfounded reports (City) . . . . . . Report shown on F . B . I. copy (City) 1,728 58 1,846 22 , 16 8 Tota l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52,830 AUTO MOB I LES STOLE N AND R E COVERED 196 1 1962 1963 1964 1965 1966 1967 Au tomobil es reported stolen 2,718 3,622 3,417 4 , 210 2,974 2 , 391 2,693 Stolen automobiles recovere d 2 ,269 2, 510 2,536 3,0 35 2,280 1 ,972 2, 12 5 Stolen elsewhere, recovered h ere in 1967 Number 222 Value $365,504.00 41 �CRIME REPORT BUREAU Distribution of Crimes by Months Robbery Aggravated Assaults Burglary Larceny 8 17 12 10 13 9 49 56 39 51 40 33 38 68 54 49 68 68 63 58 51 86 79 76 96 106 59 53 1,137 1,061 1,148 1,101 1,141 969 1,103 1,136 73 566 442 429 422 397 403 508 449 44 1 489 548 552 1,068 1,096 1,191 220 229 214 181 233 196 252 242 184 191 267 284 129 613 872 5,646 13,1 50 2,693 Rape J anuary Fe bruary March April May Jun e July Augus t September October November December Totals 5 4 15 10 17 9 72 999 Auto Larceny MISS I NG PERSONS NEGRO WHITE Age Male Femal e Mal e Female Totals 1 - 5 5 6 8 4 23 6 - 10 24 9 29 19 81 11 - 16 209 286 108 190 793 17 - 20 69 111 32 69 281 21 - 30 68 71 37 44 220 31 - 40 38 35 26 33 132 4 1 - 50 33 19 22 7 81 OVE R 50 47 18 28 15 108 493 555 290 381 1,719 Tota l s 96% of pers ons reported missing located or returned. �CASES BOOKED Type of Violation White Mal e Whi te Femal e Negro Male Negro Female 17 Yea rs and Under Total Number Arrested White Negro Murder and Non-Negligent 14 Rape 28 Robbery 73 Aggravated Assault 126 Burglary 230 Larceny 516 Auto Theft 232 Other Assaults 529 Arson 2 F orgery and Counterfeiting 88 Fra ud 93 Embezzlement 0 Stolen Properry (Receiving) 51 Vandalism 132 Weapons - C. C. W. - C. P . W. L. 320 Prostitution and Vice 46 47 0 24 33 0 10 IO 21 116 79 183 563 422 924 312 694 4 50 33 0 58 173 885 31 21 0 3 160 20 333 10 110 4 20 20 0 6 28 100 32 0 10 0 14 103 13 66 9 617 291 518 1,345 164 296 50 159 2 5 10 21 7 10 0 0 12 19 154 133 22 98 I 4 139 121 384 947 1,595 3,869 1,031 1,589 17 213 196 0 156 630 1,446 230 273 Narcoti c and Dangerous Drugs 318 Gambling 85 Offenses agains t Family-Children 57 Driving Unde r the Influ e nce 2,795 Liqu o r L aws 289 Drunkenness 25, 508 Disorderly Conduc t 6,387 Vagrancy 145 All other, except traffic 216 Run-Aways-loitering-Curfew 0 15 95 14 20 243 43 2,113 1,032 106 49 0 206 184 709 29 1,630 534 14,315 9,729 104 298 0 22 57 357 18 64 190 1,887 2,579 14 75 0 31 29 18 14 11 49 0 6 25 5 16 9 77 56 1,068 1,574 14 8 44 13 380 234 576 686 1,225 130 4,762 1,081 43 ,956 22,369 391 695 61 4 Total 4,290 32,241 6,130 2,863 4,971 89,048 Manslaughter 2 0 9 23 15 233 17 92 Sex offenses, except Rape & Prostitution 38,553 General Court Cases 43 79,280 �TRAINING DIVISION Conducted four Recruit Classes, 240 hours each with eight (8) visiting office rs from police departments in the Atlanta Metropolitan :Area. Conducted three examinations on Training Bulletins furnished by International Chiefs of Police Association. One officer graduated from the F. B. I. National Academy in Washington , D. C. The purpose of the three months course at the "West Point of Law Enforcement" is to prov ide officers with a knowledge of the latest administrative and investigative developments in the law enforcement profession. Two officers graduated from the Southern Police Institute , Louisville, Kentucky. A three months course in Police Organization and Administration , Human Relations , Criminal Law , Police Planning, Traffic Control, Juvenile Investigations and Public Speaking. Conducted thirty-seven (37) tours of the Police Station for a total of 506 p e rsons. Three (3) officers attended the Aircraft Rescue Demonstration School. Nine (9) officers attended two weeks Traffic School at the Georgia State Police Academy sponsored by Northwestern Traffic Institute. Twelve (12) officers received s pecia l first aid a nd rescue ope rations c ourse fa milia rizing them with new emergency units. One officer attended Harvard University three weeks for a course m " Manage ment Insti tute for Police Chiefs". Se venteen (17 ) officers a ttende d Georgia State Police Acad e my for a course m Police Manage ment and recruit s chool. One officer attended a Workshop at the University of Georgia for one week for a cours e i n Polic e Supervision. Three (3) officers attended the University of Ge org ia for a course in C ommunity R e la ti ons. (one week) Sixty-six (66) officers were issued the report on the President's Crime C ommission entitled "Challenge of Crime in a Free Society" Dis tributed 20,800 copie s of I. A. C. P. Tra ining Keys to me mbe rs of the departme nt. Dis tribute d 287 copies of " Ana lys i s of Ge neral S ta tutes E nacted at the 1967 Se s s ion o f the Ge n e ra l Assembly." Conduc ted thirty-nine (39) lectures to civic g roups, c hurches , and s ch ools. Two (2) officers ma de two fil ms for trai ni ng purposes. 44 �TRAINING DIVISION Ten (10) officers lectured at the Georgia State Police Academy. 340 officers were given firearms instruction at the Atlanta Police Departtnent Pistol Range. Twenty-six (26) Sight and Sound Training Films sponsored by the International Association of Chiefs of Police were shown to members of the departtnent. 800 members of this departtnent participated in law enforcement training programs at the University of Georgia, Division of Law and Government. 38,400 Training Bulletins issued in conjunction with this program. INTERNAL SECURITY The Atlanta Police Department's Internal Security Squad is charged with, and performed the following functions: Investigated and made su=ary and final reports on complaints against Police Departtnent Personnel. Investigate and as certain the honesty and integrity of police personnel. Interviewed 583 new police applicants. Conducted a complete investigation on 368, recommended 2 51 for employment and of this number, 167 were employed. Intervi ewed 37 applicants for reinstatement as patrolmen. recommended reinsta ting 21 as patrolmen . Conducted investigation on 33 and Conducted 15 investigations on applicants for out-of-town police departtnents. Investigated and approved or rejected a ll applications for extra police jobs for off-duty and retired officers. Established a systematic file on complaints a nd report i=ediately to the Chief of Police any case that might require disc iplinary ac tion; and to furnish a summary report of all activities to the Chief of Police . POLICE OFFICERS ASSAULTED OFFICERS ASSAULTED JAN. FEB. MAR. APR. MAY JUNE JULY AUG. SEPT. OCT. NOV. DEC. TOTAL 19 33 33 29 26 24 38 26 34 32 28 33 355 OFFICE RS INJURED B Y PRISONERS OFFICERS ASSAULTED NOT INJURED OFFICERS INJURED IN ACC ID ENTS UNRULY PRISONERS 6 6 15 23 22 18 22 15 28 22 27 22 22 27 IO 9 15 17 15 21 12 12 15 23 14 15 18 33 33 29 25 29 38 24 34 34 28 33 92 263 178 358 4 10 11 11 4 9 IO 4 7 10 Officers receiving minor injury not shown. Only cases requiring hospital treatment included. In some incidents, more than on e office r and one prisoner are involved. 45 �KNOWLEDGEABLE A number of our police personnel have earned their college diplomas. Forty-eight officers now attend colleges and universities in the Atlanta area, completing courses of instructions in their off-duty hours. Thirty-three of our officers are holders of bachelor degrees and eight have masters degrees in law. Fourteen officers have completed courses at the FBI Academy. Several have attended the Traffic Institute at Northwestern University and the Southern Police Institute. The Georgia State College now offers a two year course in Police Administration which leads to an Associates of Arts Degree. The College is one of the few institutions in the nation offering this course. Twenty-six Atlanta police officers are presently enrolled in this degree program. Various degrees held by other officers include: One 'Bachelor Electrical Engineering One Associate of Art Three Bachelor of Business Administration ~ r J_.? Three Bachelor of Science Four Bachelor of Art One Bachelor of Divinity r .j ATTEN DING COLLEGE 46 �ALCOHOLISM A ruling by the Superior Court caused a change in drunkenness cases booked after July 19, 1%7. This ruling applies only to chronic alcoholic cases. In the new ruling, the order stated that "excusal of one afflicted with chronic alcoholism from criminal prosecution is confined exclusively to those acts on his part which are compulsive as symptomatic of the disease and with respect to other behavior -- not characteristic of confirmed chronic alcoholism - he should be judged as any person not so afflicted." The judge did not exclude those drinkers whose alcoholic binges cause great harm to others and to the peace in general. It did not excuse those who get drunk and disturb the peace at will. It did Iiot excuse arrest of those drunk on the streets or in public places who are not classed as chronic alcoholics. The menace to the community of such persons will still be acknowledged. The Fulton County case is the first time in Georgia alcoholism has been judged to be a disease a nd not a cri me. Chronic alcoholics are not exempted from criminal guilt in cases involving criminality. The ruling reduced the effectiveness to only cases of drunkenness, loitering, and other directly rel ated to the state of intoxication. ALCOHOLIC 47 �ATTEMPT SUICIDE Attempt suicides show a drastic increase in recent years. In 1963 one hundred and forty-seven persons attempted to take their own lives. 1n 1967 two hundred persons attempted to take their lives. The records indicate that people who survive this searing emotional experience constitute a pool from which completed suicides are later drawn. Below is the age, sex and race breakdown on attempt suicides for 1967. 20 & 21-25 26-30 36-40 31-35 41 - 45 46 -50 51-55 56& Under Total Over White Male 10 16 6 5 10 5 3 5 8 68 White Female 12 16 17 13 9 7 1 3 3 81 7 3 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 17 Negro Female 15 11 3 3 1 2 1 0 0 34 Total 42 46 29 23 22 14 5 8 11 200 Negro Male POLICE DEPARTMENT COST OF OPERATION 1967 Purchase of Equipment. · · $ 274,260.99 Lights and Power . . . . 21,101.33 Service, Motor Transport Department . 575,966.95 Uniforms . . . . . . . 112,648.50 Other Cost of Operations 212,387.14 Salaries . . . . . . . 6,284,103.15 Salaries - Traffic Policewomen (School Crossings) 99,835 .60 Renta ls , I. B. M. E tc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105,377.77 Tota l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 7,685,681.43 �t f'li. 1 nlMoh.:vi 1 IK ; ('ir:.;;'!!, S/J'*'W t; '••"'n^ .... I"'" , '•'! ^5^ 1 > H 1.' 111:' ;ii : >ii g— -«pv' fi^i^FviP-taaan jRt i 'i- Miti"

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'ili V. Si! "I Ill .d',! .'I . '-.lie, MM m ri- hi. Sii ' Ji Kii POLICE OFFICERS PENSION IN 1967

Ififikuiiiferfi' •rft' •/fl'w I.?: 'if rv^r-'! Name Rank Retirement Date iU TV«i I, , ' Years of Service .♦,tU . Young Howard Allen 1. February 1, 1967 Detective ♦Hti 28 years '•1 Marion W. Blackwell 2. March 28, 1967 Lieutenant fjr. 25 years 3. Lewis L. Lackland Patrolman April 15, 1967 25 years 4. E. C.(Roy) Mitchell Patrolman May 1, 1967 25 years 5. George L. Newton Patrolman July 3, 1967 28 years 6. Durrell Fuller Patrolman July 7, 1967 30 years 7. Robert L. Shutley Detective August 1, 1967 25 years 8. Charles E. Strickland, Sr. Patrolman August 7, 1967 29 years 9. David W. Clayton, Jr. Patrolman August 18, 1967 (Disability) , , V' SX' Sdf " '

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.A: - 24 years 1 ♦1., ' fi 10. Clem H. Former, Jr. Lieutenant August 28, 1967 25 years 11. Edwin A. Barfield Lieutenant August 31, 1967 28 years 12. Erah C. Carter Patrolman October 11, 1967 25 years 13. George E. Wallace Patrolman October 20, 1967 31 years (|7- '!. 'r hi cL ' t', >'i4h 14. Norman R. Clodfelter Sergeant October 21, 1967 s< 28 years . G Quinton F. Hays 15. November 30, 1967 Patrolman I f" I I'yl 25 years v/i NOTE: i )«ii To qualify for retirement an officer must be 55 years of age and have a minimum of 25 years of service. ti n ^ t-iSv.::- . B o iu Ty o o O o a p JS ro H XT O VN rg S ^ (N a. w o sq^ T—I o SO C\ cA 00 CO SO O r-S \c 00

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r(N v/^ CO sO - ^ KS CO -<1 CO \r\ e C ^ " c vr\ \r iT \r CN O o CO ' . �OFFICIAL SEAL CITY OF ATLANTA I Edited by Lieutenant CHARLIE BLACKWELL Statistics by TABULATION SEC TION �