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- SE · ,: • '~ . <t 'I-. ; • '.':·=:,""' THE NEW YORK TIMES, SUNDAY, JULY 28, 1963. 1 ' • ~-- ~lrt NtID I ork ~imts. "ia.· ,r opics There came a brief A DOLP H S. OCHS, Publisher 1896-1935 Diving note the other day from OR VIL E. DR YF OO S, Publisher 1961-1963 to Tidy the Sudan, where for a month a team of sciPt:BLISHED EVERY DAY IN THE YEAR BY THE NEW YORK TIMES COMPANY Up entists had 'been living ARTHUR HAYS S 1! LZBERGER_, Chairman of the Board deep in the Red Sea in watertight ARTHUR OCHS S ULZBERGER , President and. Publu.her villages containing such home comHARDING F. BANCROFT, Vice President and S ecretary FRAN CIS A. Cox, Treasure,, forts as air-conditioning and television. The wife of Jacques-Yves Cousteau, French explorer, diver and head of the group, would go to very little? Is it not a game that every country '·· After the Treaty below and would tidy up the place a is playing with every other? A game that nobody . " little. This item was received with The his toric treaty between the United States, can win? A game that isn't worth the effort? cooing sounds the world over, for as Britain and Soviet Russia banning all nuclear half of the world's adult population weapons tests in the atmosphere, under water Adjusting to Automation chooses to believe, no man is capable and in outer space is being hailed throughout of even emptying an ash tray, The United Steelworkers of America and the the world as a promising beginning of a new either on the surface or 45 feet employ ers with whom it deals have again demepoch in East-West relations. After all t he bleak down under. The cooing changed to onstrated t hat collective ba rgaining can' produce a higher, triumphant pitch as the years of cold war and the recurring crises that constructive answers to t he problems of techno- next day or so went by, with images found their climax in the near-collision over logical change without tests of economic muscle becoming more lifelike of a tired, Cuba, the world breathes easier today and there or Government coercion. The contractS' just wan Mme. Cousteau working her is new hope that it can banish the t hreat of reached by the union and the major aluminum fingers to the bone with the carpet nuclear holocaust. Producers represent an imaginative extension of sweeper, while he just sat around, ,. But, important as the treaty is for what it t he progress-sharing principles embodied in the probably ogling mermaids. Half the aa.:ys and what it may portend, it is at best union's agreements with the steel and can world's adult population had the only a start toward larger goals. President time of its life pointing out alleged companies. Kennedy right1y warns that it is not the millenSimilarities between itself i nd the All the aluminum workers-not just those niUJll and that the road ahead is still long and Cousteaus, while the other half tried With long seniority- will qualify for 10 weeks to think of other things, hoping that rockY· As he pointed out, it is a limited treaty of vacation every five yea.rs, with 13 weeks' pay eventually the noise would quiet which does. not even stop all tests, though it to help them enjoy their sabbatical. Fringe b ene- down. would stop further lethal fallout. Both real disfits will a lso be liberalized, but there will be armament and the political settlements that There is in all newsno increase in direct m oney wages. The changes must go hand in hand with it remain far off. Actually paper work a trade exare designed to give the workers a share in the The key to a solution of these problems is for a pression called the folbenefits of increased productivity on a basis that largely in Soviet hands. P remier Khrushchev Party low • up story. This \Vill expand total employ ment opportunities and agreed to the test-ban treaty he had previously means that what is reavoid any increase in aluminum prices. Ported upon today will also be rejected because, as Under Secretary of State The new contracts, coupled with those already Watched closely tomorrow, for whatHarriman says, he "very much wanted one at signed by the union through its joint Human ever new, relevant happenings that this time." The Soviet ruler says he wants more llelations Committee in basic steel and its long- day may bring. Those newspaperagreements. If so, the West will do its utmost range committee in Kaiser Steel, ought to serve men of the Sudan are superb repreto reach them. But will Khrushchev? And on as a spur to the deadlocked negotiators in the sentatives 6f their craft, and no What terms? sooner did Mme. Cousteau break nation's' railroads. The guidelines for a sound 'fhe hard fact is that Soviet Russia's signasurface after her trip below than agreement have been laid down by two Presiture on the treaty does not mark {he end of tney were asking her questions. Im· dential commissions, created only because of the lllediately, a large, furry cat was let i drive toward a Communist world triumph, atrophy of the bargaining process in this pivotal out of the bag. She had gone to the though it may now pursue that goal by means industry. underwater village to celebrate with R ort of nuclear war. In fact, both the treaty Any formula Congress approves for barring her husband their 26th wedding a nand the "nonaggression pact" Russia wants may a rail strike through legislative compulsion will niversary, and nothing further was _ become weapons in the Soviet "peace" arsenal set a damaging precedent. The month-long truce Said about tidying up. All about the to line up Asia and Africa against the "waragreed to by the railroads provides a last oppor• World the cooing that had changed in ngering" Chinese Communists and to soften tunity for the unions to demonstrate that their to a higher, triumphant pitch clied u the West for political settlements that would suddenly to a frozen silence. All concept of bargaining is not summed up in the about the world the other half that i air its alliances. As Mr. Khrushchev told the single word "no." Cn1nese: "The struggle for peace, for peaceful hact tried to think of other things Up to now they have been gambling on the Uttered a yelp of complete and pure cor!Xistence, is organically bound up with the proposition that the Government will continue delight. Down many a . long and reVpJutionary struggle against imperialism. It to retreat in the face of their obduracy, and that Weary year, this half always has weakens t he front of imperialism, isolates its finally they can extort a settlement that will Contended that the other, while mo e aggressive circles from the masses of the saddle the carriers with thousands of unneeded casual about tidying up, could be pev Je and helps in the struggle for national jobs. The trouble with this venture in brink- Counted upon to plunge through lib<!rp,tion." The West is warned . manship is not only that the gamble involves either hell or high water in order to · , rthermore, t he treaty itself can be abro· l'each a party, in particular an annia strike in which the economy would be the versary party. Here was Mme. Cousgal~ if "extraordinary events" jeopardize "the chief victim but that a "victory" for the unions teau, not only plunging, but with the supt r.ne interests' ' of any of its signatories. The would jeopardize all job security by pushing the high water recorded in actual feet. Rus ·ans insisted on his reservation, over a narr,1wer definition proposed by t he West, as railroads closer to bankruptcy. It is clear that only This is the lesson the disastrous 116-day st rike n c h,;ious safeguard against nuclear armament one half of the world is The of 1959 taught both sides in steel. Unfortunately, by o er powers. They may have Germany in getting the last WOt'd on final n h are concerned about there is no sign yet t hat the railroad unions e · ·de 0 Letters to The Times ··\". Physicist Backs Test Ban Selove Declares Agreement l!; in Interests of Both Sides The write1· o/ the following ts professor of physics at the University of P ennsylv an1ia. TO TH!l EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK TIMES : As the test ban negotiations move ahead beyond initial agreement, it is strange to see the reluctance, if not opposition, to make such an agreement shown by some members of this Government. It is encouraging that a large number of Senators have joined in the remarkable Hpmphrey-Dodd resolution in support of an airspace-water test ban, and encoura;;;ing also that so highly informed and influential a Representative as Chet Holifield has indicated his feeling that such a ban should receive support. Why is there any question as to whether such a ban is in the interests of the Unitea ptates? I believe U1e opposition is due prjmarily t o two mistaken attitudes. First, there are those who believe that.this country can better achieve security by further nuclear weapons development rather than bY "trusting" the Soviet Union to adhere to the airspace-water ban. '!'his is a gross mistake. For one thing, no "trust" is necessary. More important, no foreseeable development ( at least in the next decade, as far as can now be seen) will change the ability of each of the two nuclear giants to utterly devastate each other. Orbiting Bombs Indeed, if nuclear tests of large weapons continue we would probHerman Kahn's ably move closer "doomsday" mac)lines - perhaps with each side w 0 rl<ing toward orbiting bomb1 of trLlndreds of megatons. A very few such bombs from continuous orbit could be used to set fire \ o the entire eastern coast of this country. we have the judgment of Secretary McNamara that no really effective anti-missile defense is visible, and we can expect that prospect ~o become stronger with the passage o! time. The second mistal<e made by opponents of a test bll-n has to do with simple distrust of the other side. The question posed is essentially the following ( and Could be used by Soviet opponents of 9 test ban as well as by our own ) : Why should the "other" side want !I test ban unless it is to t heir advaJltage, and consequently, i t is ini_p)jed, t o our own disadvantage ? TM mistake h~re is to think that a test ban can b~ or must be t o t he to life a.nd his honor to be used to the best moral interests of his country. Your view [editorial J uly 17] would deny. him any moral dignity of his own. Segregation is morally wrong, and any citizen, military or otherwise, has the right and the moral obligation to make known, even by demonstrating, his views in reference to it. If the Brown Shirts aJld the German regular army 8Jld the German citizens had taken to demonstrations, rather than bowed to accepted immoral tradition, perhaps the cost to European Jewry would not have been so devastating. Historical precedent and honored tradition have their place in society, but they should not be above the individual's right publicly to make known his own moral standards. I wou"ttl have thought The New York Times would have been the first to defend such rights and obligations. JOSEPH COLLINS. Rhinebeck, N. Y.," July 18, 1963. Taxing Foreign Securities Administration Proposal Declared No Cure for Present Gold Outflow To THE Eorron OF THE N EW Y ORK Tl.MES: The Times is to be congratulated for having immediately pointed out [editorial July 19] the dangers of the Atlministration's proposed tax on American purchase of foreign securities. These dangers have not been eliminated by its more recent proposal to exempt new Canadian issues. Indeed, the Canadian exernp. tion dramatizes how completely arbitrary this kind of currency regu. lation and manipulation is sure to be. When the niceties a.re stripPed away, the proposed tax is a forrn of exchange control, defined as an effort by Government to limit and to restrict the use of its own currency. Such restriction on foreign trans. actions was widely practiced by Nazi Germany and is the stocl< in trade of all totalitarian regimes. It is the entering wedge for other types of control over the domestic economy. The President wants the taJC in order to stanch the outward flow of American investment doilars which is augmenting the deficit in our balance of payments. But the proximate cause of this outflo\1/ is that United States interest rat es are lower than in many other countries, which both encourages United Stflles citizens to buy foreign securities !Ul.d likewise encourages foreign cotn. panies to float t heir securities i n our markets on easy terms. It 1s notable and regrettable that the P r.esi~ent ~as no Intention of curing ~.:.,-r;~~ . . ·!.. ~--~~;: ,.:/{~; ·, • Founding Fathers' Intent Citing 18th Century Leaders in Support of Religion Disputed The w riter of the following letter is M inist er of Edu cation for the First Chttrch in B oston, Unitarian. TO THE E DITOR OF THE N~ Y ORK T IMES: The current debate on your editorial page about the intentions of th~ Founding Fathers in drafting, enacting and ratifying the "establishment of religion" clause of the First Amendment discloses more about the condition of American religion th8Jl it does about the historical problem of whether the clause was intended to apply to the establishment of a national religion based upon an "es- · sential consensus respecting God, i man and the moral law." Especially revealing is the zeal with which Christian leaders, lay and clerical, have clasped the Founding Fathers to t heir bosoms as upholders of this "essential consensus." No matter how much we should like to re-create our Revolutionary saints in our own image, historical fa cts cannot be ignored without endangering both our honesty and our sense of history's vicissitudes. Recent research indicates that John Adams, Jefferson, Washington, Paine, Madison and F ranklin were deists. While they differed on particular points of doctrin~, they agreed that, in Franklin's words, "there is one Godi who made all things," and that "the most a cceptable service of God is doing good to man." In short, the religion of the most eminent Founding Fat hers was based largely on Genesis i, 2 and Matthew iv, 7. The deist position is clearly embodied in Jefferson's Declaration of Independence, where he r efers to "the laws of nature and of nature's god." Deist Theology A comparison of the essentials of deist t heology and the docfrines of Judaism and Christianity shows that t he West's two great religions have properly regarded deism as their enemy. For, as expounded by most of its followers, deism denies the possibility of a covenant a nd of a savior. I can but marvel, therefort a t the Industry of Chr istian leaders in finding champions in the Founding F athers and in treating their religious testimonies as if anchored in the bedrock of theological orthodoxy. If we iu·e to believe that America's •·essential consensus is embodied in the ideas of Jefferson and his friends, we must admit this nation ls not and never has been rooted in the J 11claeo-Chri·tian tradition. �VUJUJ.LJ.U.J.J., i:>L- v~ ... .-...u-, .,., ............. ~ ..,,...,.....,...,.,..., _... ..... _ - - ••--- ---- -:-break the "white" nuclear monopoly. They may __ 1 also mean France, busily building its own nuclear 1..· · force. President Kennedy is trying to persuade Presi• , dent de Gaulle to adhere to the treaty, but -..,. '.success is unlikely unless France, an acknowl..: edged nuclear power, is put on a par with Britain a'Ild supplied with the same nuclear information .• w e n ow give the· British. If we ·did so, the pur. '; p ose would not be to "cause, encourage or partic1' ipate in" further French tests, which is forbidJSJ den.. by the t reaty, but to make such tests ·..:..." unnecessary without hampering France's nuclear .a development. French adherence to the new pact might prove · ".: a preliminary to agreement by France to join ~ ,in building a NATO nuclear for ce and to restore ' Western solidarity. That is still an essential s afeguard of peace. . '" The Art of Spymg f,,,l " ..! Do not implicitl y trust anything you read about spies and spying even if the source is im._peccably official. By the accepted rules of the ~.game, government statements may be deliber: .. r .ately false in order t o mislead "the enemy. " But, ·-r·hof course, t hey may be true. Naturally, truth is toe often very confusing. • • The layman can be excused for r uminating in his fashion as he r J ads his morning newspaper. · ~ The cast of characters needs a Dickens or a
iw Dostoievsky ( not a historian, of course ) to do
9 r,:justice to the parade of diplomats, scientists,
journalists, homosexuals, prostitutes and-best
of all-intelligence agents w ho betray their out,.. fits and thei r fellow spies. Nothing could be
·-niore devious or fascinating than a double agent.
At least, it is comforting for the layman t o
contemplate the bungling and blindnesses of the
professionals. Devotees of the whodunits surely
collld do bet t er . Trained by Eric Ambler, Georges
S imen on a nd Ian Fleming, they would never have
'permitted a Bay of Pigs invasion; a successful
,,.Christine Keeler ; a fantastic 10-year career of
ex-Nazi German intelligence officers providin g
the Russians with 15,000 photographs, 20 spools
.of tape and many a secret of the West Germans
and NATO. Not that the Russians should boast;
hey had Penkovsky.
\":ven though t he real spy cases may be
stranger than fiction , you don't get the solutions
a s you do in the thrillers. Nothing could be
more fas cinat ing than the stories of the British
jpurnalist H. A. R. Philby, or the Swedish Air
Force Col. Stig Wennerstrom; but at their most
interesting points the volumes are snapped shut
and put away in secret places w,h ere even intelligence chiefs, like characters in a Kafkaesque
tale, probably cannot find them.
'.l,'he outsider must be forgiven for believing
that any t ime any government wants to arrest
nd/or expel X-number of spies, it digs into . its
f iles and comes u p wit h the requisite quantity.
W h en spies are under surveillance they are,
1.Inbeknownst, spying for the country they are
spying on. The most dangerous spies of all are,
o be sure, the ones who ar e never caught. Ther~
s nothing that the C.I. A., MI-5, K.B.G., Surete
and all the other intelligence and counter -intelligence or ganizations can do about them.
ls it not possible, in fact , that all this espionage and counter-espionage ; all these agen ts
and double a g ents, intelligence officers, counterintelligence officers, plots and paraphernalia
frolll infinitesimal micr ophones t o beds, add up
Atlanta's Mayor Speaks
On rare occasions the orat orical fog on
Capitol Hill is pierced by a voice r esona nt with
courage and dignity. Such a voice was heard
when Mayor Ivan Allen Jr. of Atlanta testified
before the Senate Commerce Committee in support of President Kennedy's bill to prohibit
racial discrimination in stores, restaurants and
other public accommodations.
On the basis of the very substantial accomp lishments that his city of a half-million, the
largest in the Southeast, has made in desegregating publicly owned and privately owned facili ties, he migh t have come as a champion of
"states' rights" and of the ability of localities
to banish discrimination without F ederal law.
Certainly, he would h ave had much more warrant to es{?ouse that view than the Barretts, the
Wallaces and the other arch-segregationists
who raise the specter of F ederal "usurpation"
as a device for keeping Southern Negroes in
subjection.
But Mr. Allen was not in Washington to boast.
He was there to warn that even in cities like
Atlanta the progress that had been made might
be wiped out if Congress turned its back on the
Kennedy · proposal and th us gave implied en. dorsement to the concept that private businesses
were free to discriminate. He left behind this
charge to finish t he job started with the Emancipation Proclamation a century ag : "Now the
eliminat ion of segregation , which is slavery's
s tepchild, is a challenge to all of us t o make
every American free in fact as well as in theory
- and again to establish our n ation as t he true
champion of the fr ee world. "
The Fiddlers
The Jong-legg ed, r a sp-win ged insects now come
Jpto their own, and we won't hear the last of
them till hard frost a rrives. They are t he leaping
fiddlers, the grasshopl?ers, the crickets and the
katydids.
Grasshoppers are spoken of in the Bible as
" locusts," and their hordes have contributed in
many lands, including our own West, to the l?ng
history of insect devastation an d human famme.
Walk through any meadow now, or a lo ng ~ny
weedy roadside, and you will see t h em leapm.g
ahead of yo u, hear t he rasping rattle of their
harsh wings in brief flight. But they do little real
fiddl ing. The fidd lers now are t.}le crickets.
.
Listen on any hot afternoon or warm evenmg,
particularly in the country, and you will hear
the crickets even though you seldom see them.
In the afternoon you will hear the black field
crickets, chirping as we say, and often into the
warm evening. But in the evening, from dusk on
through the warm night, the more insistent sound
will be the trilling of the pale green tree crickets.
Individually the tree cricket's trill is not so loud,
but because all those in the neighborhood
synchronize their trills the sound can be a s
insistent as were the calls of the spring peepers
back in April.
The loudest fiddlers of all are the katydids,
which look like green, hunch-backed grasshop·
pers. Night after night they rasp wing on wing
and make that monotonous call, shrill and seem·
ingly endless. But the katydids won't be heard
for another two weeks or so. Meanwhile the
crickets possess late July, chirping and trilling
the warm hours away as though summer endured
forever,
ana IL is noL Lne 11au
which is accustomed to getting it.
Whether the other half will learn
anything from the incident is doubtful, of course, because a setness of
way began a long time ago in a certain garden, a snake and apple being
present. But it is July now, and
throughout the world there are
thousands of summer bachelors. To
hear those who are away talk about
it, these bachelors, having made a
hovel of the house, are continuing to
Jive begrimed lives, surrounded by
overflowing ash trays, inch-thick
lint on the rugs, unwashed dishes
mounded high in the sink. Everywhere are t he sisters of the Mme.
Cousteau of the first -day story, who
say they are going down to tidy
up the place a little. Do they?
party, particularly
Come an anniversary partyas
that becomes another
' Guests matter. Although it cannot be proved, of course,
It may be assumed that quite possibly M. Cousteau- with his eye on
scientific affairs-may have failed
to remember the anniversary un til
reminded by ocean-floor-to-shore
telephone. This has happened, and
that half of the world to which it
11as happened has a sympathetic Ricture of him darting out to cool the
wine in some far subsurface cave,
on the way home cutting clusters
of sea flowers for the table. Summer
bachelors know something further,
a,nd since this is the last day that
half of the world gets the last word,
Jet it. be set down so. It's dollars
to doughnuts M. Cousteau himself
cool<ed the meal, from shrimp cockii with plankton sauce to whale
teak a la mer rouge. When they
do drop in, it is not to tidy up, as
the first-day story has it, but to
attend a party, witness the followUP· As guests, of course, as half the
world Well knows.
A
EMERALD ISLE
Truly th is isle Is green, though
heather and gorse
wreathe its rolling fields with
moderate rainbows ;
'.['llough where the land is low, the
endless moors
RoJI out mahogany earth; though
nature raise
Most silver bar riers with all the
rocks
oJ Ireland against the sparkling air.
And gray
Tile sheep, all summer unattended,
relax
or clamber without effor t on their
lonely
\Jld sustaining hillsides. Near the
peat bogs,
Where the early sun beats off the
Chi]t
ot night, an errant donkey, forefeet
tied With rags,
l:!J'ays at the Irish morning his
1
anirna1
t:,rotest against life's cruel cu1-taiJ.
ments,
\!Id comprehending no guilt, cries
penitence.
LORA D UN"1"'TZ.
- - ·- --- c, - -
American interest rates to rise.
Unemployment's cause
reading in the public schools extracts from the religious writings of
the Founding Fathers, Christians
On- the contrary, the President who believe that t hey are thereby
states that such a rise in long-term preserving our "spiritual heritage"
rates would "throw our economy had best recognize that their device
into reverse" and increase unem· for circumventing the Supreme Court
ployment. His reasoning may be also undercuts their o.wn doctrines,
doubted. The persistence of unem·
The confusion in the minds of so
ployment in the United States is due many Americans concerning the tento continuing upward pressure on ets of their own religious traditions
wages, to misguided efforts to hold and the beliefs of our 18th century
"minimum wages" at artificial lev- .leaders suggests that the total sepaels, and to extortionate corporate ration of church and state is long
and progressive income taxation overdue.
As Madison wrote, "The tendency
which the Administration's proposed
domestic tax program will do li t tle to a usurpation on one side or the
or nothing to cure.
other, or to a corrupting coalition or
If Washington wishes to promote alliance between them, will be best
furthe r economic expansion and at guarded against by an entire abstithe same time right the United nence of the Government from interStates balance-of-payments posi- ferenct in any way whatever, beyond
tion, it must abandon its blind f ith the necessity g_f preserving public
in easy money and deficit spend g ,order, and protecting each sect
as a cure-all.
against trespasses on its legal rights
The proposed tax on Ameri an by others."
ROBERT W, HANEY.
purchase of ,foreign securities will
Boston, July 22, 1963.
not restore ' faith in the American
dollar, the lack of which is at tile
Immigration Proposal
root of our difficulties. It is a To THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK TIMES:
sign of continuing weakness, not of
The belief that immigration under
strength. It is also, as The T imes President Kennedy's proposed new
points out, a blow against develop· immigration law will be limited to
ing a true international order where 165,000 persons a year is inaccurate.
currencies must be fully convertible
Under the proposed law, there is
and free.
to be unlimited immigration from
On international no less t han do· such places as the West Indies,
mestic grounds Congress should vote Mexico, Haiti, Latin America and
the proposal down as a dangerous the Western Hemisphere. In contrast
to this special privilege granted to
statist measure.
these countries, the only limitation
JOHN DAVENPORT,
New York, July 23, 1963.
is on European countries, and therefore there is no reason why practically the entire populations of
.Worthier Goal Than Moon
some of the Latin and Caribbean
T O TH.II EDITOl\ OF THE NEW YORK 'l'lMEs :
A leading space scientist was- re- countries may not eventually immicently asked: · ·rs it worth 10 billion grate here, in accordance with a
dollars to put an American on the growing tI·end.
moon?" He replied: "Possibly not.
Previous reform bills introduced
But it might be worth that ~s a by for mer Senator Herbert Lehman
national goal."
and R epresentative Celler proposed
Surely there are much more to eliminate these special privileges
worthy and urgent projects on earth for Western Hemisphere countries
in which our citizens would Unite. and put every country on an equal
General, human welfare is an ap· basis, but President Kennedy's bill
pealing and challenging national is not one of these. ALBERT MAYER,
goal that fo r life, liberty and tne Chairman, Immigration and Naturalization Committee, Federal
pursuit of happiness as well as for
Bar Association of New York,
world prestige far surpasses s.
New Jersey and Connecticut.
moon shot.
GBORGE T. SCOTT.
New York, July 25, 1963.
Upper Montclair, N .J. , July 24, 1963.
of the other side. The fact is that a
test ban is in the interests of both
sides. Not only as a step toward
other tension-reducing measures,
and not only for economic reasons,
bi:it because neither side can achieve
security by its efforts alone.
A t est ban will probably contrib·
ute to the understanding of that
fact by both Governments and both
peoples. It could indeed be a major
step forward toward sanity. Public
polls show that the United States
public understands that fact. The
test ban needs and should receive
the same strong support from · the
Senate.
WALTER SELOVE.
Havertown, Pa., July 25, 1963.
Weaning Cuba Away
TO THE Ell'!TOROFTlfEN°Ew YORK TBfES :
It is good when The New Yorlt
Times suggests the wisdom of "a
more relaxed relationship" with
Cuba, as you did in your July 19
editorial "Coexisting With Cuba." l
I would think tllat an improvement
in our attitude about Cuba and our
actions toward her would inevitably
bring about a decrease in Soviet influence there and have Cuba back
with the other American countries.
As a small stockholder in one of
the companies involved in the Cuban
"take-over," I do not find my com·
pany very mucll concerned or its
Cuban holdings very much of a financial issue. some -reimbursement
would probably be made by Castro
if the United States Government
worked on the ma,tter under "a more
relaxed relationsl1ip."
What you have suggested in your
editorial would seem a first step
toward the United States regaining
its position in Cuba and Soviet withdrawal.
CHARLES ·H . AL P,\CH.
Croton-on-Hudson,N.Y., July 19, 1963.
Demonstrating· in Uniform
To THE EDITO R OF TJ-IE NEw YORK TIMES :
Followed to its logical conclusio n, Defen se sec!'etary McNamara's
directive on ser\licemen and civil
rights demonstrations would bring
to our armed services the same
spirit, restraint aJ!d blind "I-followorders" obedience that permeated
the German Arm)' during Germany's
"J ewish trouble." '
A man may volunteer to serve his
country. By so d0 ing he offers his
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